CN111703900B - Pneumatic conveying method - Google Patents
Pneumatic conveying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111703900B CN111703900B CN202010633492.3A CN202010633492A CN111703900B CN 111703900 B CN111703900 B CN 111703900B CN 202010633492 A CN202010633492 A CN 202010633492A CN 111703900 B CN111703900 B CN 111703900B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/36—Arrangements of containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/52—Adaptations of pipes or tubes
- B65G53/56—Switches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/66—Use of indicator or control devices, e.g. for controlling gas pressure, for controlling proportions of material and gas, for indicating or preventing jamming of material
Abstract
The invention discloses a pneumatic conveying method, which comprises the following steps: carry out pneumatic transmission to the material through pneumatic conveying system, pneumatic conveying's operation includes: one of the at least two dispensing tanks dispenses material until the material therein reaches a low storage limit; then, triggering interlocking setting and air supplementing setting operation, and switching the material sending to the other of the at least two material sending tanks for material sending; the material distributing tanks supply materials alternately and operate in a reciprocating mode. The pneumatic conveying method disclosed by the invention basically overcomes the defects of instantaneous material cutoff, large mass flow fluctuation and the like frequently occurring when the material sending tanks are switched in the traditional pneumatic conveying method, and can better realize the quick and stable switching among the material sending tanks, so that the process requirements are better met; the pneumatic conveying method greatly reduces the complexity of the pneumatic conveying system, so that the pneumatic conveying system has small overhauling workload, reliable operation and obviously reduced construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pneumatic conveying method.
Background
Powder pneumatic conveying systems are generally divided into a serial tank type and a parallel tank type. For a pressurized pneumatic conveying system, since the receiving equipment (such as a gasification furnace) is significantly higher than normal pressure and the process strictly requires a material sending tank to continuously and stably feed the gasification furnace, engineering designers usually adopt a tandem powder pressurized feeding system. As described in the patent of ' a dry pulverized coal pressurized dense-phase conveying system ' (CN201962257U) and ' a pulverized coal conveying pipeline of a GSP gasifier and a feeding method ' (CN102260535A '), a plurality of powder locking hoppers are arranged above a material sending tank, powder is pressurized to a high-pressure state not lower than the material sending tank from a normal pressure state through the periodic operation of pressure alternation of the locking hoppers, and then the material in the locking hoppers falls into the material sending tank under the action of gravity. After the high-pressure unloading is finished, the lock hopper is decompressed to normal pressure, and a new cycle is started again. Therefore, the material can be intermittently kept in the high-pressure material sending tank by using the locking bucket above the material sending tank, and the material is continuously and stably supplied to the gasification furnace by the material sending tank.
However, the tank stringing scheme of arranging the lock hopper above the material distribution tank has obvious defects, and firstly, the conditions of arch formation, bridging and unsmooth blanking frequently occur during high-pressure blanking of the lock hopper, so that the material in the material distribution tank is very easy to stop due to insufficient material, and the operation risk is large; and secondly, the feeding mode of the serial tanks needs higher frame height, and the construction cost is high. Taking a dry coal powder gasification device of kiloton class for daily coal feeding as an example, the height of a coal powder feeding frame is usually 80-100 m.
The tank type feeding system does not need a lock hopper, and alternately feeds materials by paralleling at least two material sending tanks, so that the problem of arch-forming bridging of the lock hopper is solved, the frame height is obviously reduced, the frame height is only 20-60m under the same scale, and the construction cost is obviously reduced.
However, when the traditional feeding scheme of the parallel tank is used for switching the material distribution tanks, the problems of instant material cutoff, large mass flow fluctuation and the like frequently occur, so that the safety risk is brought to the subsequent operation of a reaction system, and certain potential safety hazards exist. The main reason why the existing dry coal powder gasification furnaces adopt a high-cost series tank scheme instead of a lower-cost parallel tank scheme is also provided.
Therefore, the utility model 'dry pulverized coal pressurized dense-phase conveying system' (CN208791581U) discloses a combined-tank dry pulverized coal pressurized dense-phase conveying system which is used for a gasification furnace to supply materials. This patent has adopted rotary feeder to carry out the regulation of powder delivery flow to guarantee and jar continuous stable transport of material to the gasifier through the regulation of rotary feeder rotational speed, thoroughly solved the potential safety hazard of cutout. But because the rotary feeder is a moving device, the prior art is difficult to realize better high-pressure sealing, and the engineering application is immature; and through the rotational speed regulation of rotary feeder, a batcher decrement gradually, another increment gradually, realize two and the alternative switch of jar between the material, can cause the long-time lasting of material mass flow to show undulant, still be unfavorable for the safe and stable operation of gasifier, have certain safety risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that in the existing tank-combining feeding scheme, a rotary feeder is used as a moving device, better high-pressure sealing cannot be realized, and the engineering application is immature; when materials are alternately switched between two parallel tanks, the mass flow of the materials can continuously and obviously fluctuate for a long time, the safe and stable operation of a reaction system is not facilitated, and certain safety risks exist, so that the pneumatic conveying method is provided.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the pneumatic conveying method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: carrying out pneumatic conveying on the materials through a pneumatic conveying system;
the pneumatic conveying system comprises at least two material sending tanks, conveying branch pipes and a conveying main pipe, wherein the conveying branch pipes correspond to the material sending tanks one by one and are connected in sequence; each material sending tank is connected and gathered with one end of the conveying main pipe through the conveying branch pipe, and the other end of the conveying main pipe is used for being connected with an inlet of the reaction system;
each material sending tank is provided with an air activating device, a material detecting device and a pressure regulating device from bottom to top; wherein, the gas activation device is used for inputting carrier gas; the inlet of the conveying branch pipe is connected with the material sending tank;
the lengths of the conveying branch pipes are equal; a switch valve, a pipeline air supplementing device and a first flow limiting part are sequentially arranged on each delivery branch pipe from the position close to the material sending tank; an interlocking device is arranged between the switch valves and used for realizing interlocking setting; the pipeline air supplementing device is used for realizing air supplementing setting;
the conveying main pipe is sequentially provided with a solid mass flowmeter and a second flow limiting component from the connecting and collecting end of the conveying main pipe;
the pneumatic transmission operation comprises the following steps: one of the at least two dispensing tanks dispenses material until the material therein reaches a low storage limit; then, triggering interlocking setting and air supplementing setting operation, and switching the material dispensing to another one of the at least two material dispensing tanks for material dispensing; each material sending tank supplies materials alternately and operates in a circulating reciprocating mode;
wherein the air supply device is used for supplying air to a pipeline air supply device of the material dispensing tank which is dispensing materials and adjusting the apparent air speed of the conveying branch pipe to increase by 0.2-10 m/s;
wherein the interlock is set to start another one of the at least two dispensing cans, the on-off valve of the dispensing can is opened from 0% opening degree to 100% opening degree, and then, the on-off valve of the at least two dispensing cans is closed from 100% opening degree to 0% opening degree.
In the invention, generally, in the pneumatic conveying process, the material dispensing tank is prepared for dispensing according to the conventional practice in the field before dispensing, is in a state of full bin or high stock and has the dispensing condition.
In the present invention, it is known to those skilled in the art that the high storage limit, the low storage limit, and the pressure value having the dispensing condition can be determined according to the conditions such as the size of the dispensing tank, the operating pressure, and the like.
Wherein, if the material sending tank reaches the low stock limit after the material sending, the material is automatically fed by the storage bin according to the routine in the field. Specifically, when the material feeding is performed on the material sending tank, according to the conventional practice in the art, generally through a pressure regulating device of the material sending tank, the dust-containing gas in the material sending tank is firstly discharged to a dust removal system, the pressure of the dust-containing gas is reduced to normal pressure, then the material is supplemented, and then the pressure is increased to the pressure value of the material sending condition through the gas activation device.
In the present invention, the pressure of the dispensing canister may be adjusted by a conventional method in the art, and the dispensing canister may be pressurized by using the gas activation device, and the pressure adjustment and control device may perform pressure adjustment and control.
In the present invention, the feed of the dispensing tanks is generally supplied from a storage silo or other dispensing tanks, as is conventional in the art.
In the present invention, the pressure of the dispensing canister during dispensing is conventional in the art, such as atmospheric pressure. The conveying pressure difference between the material sending tank and the reaction system during material sending is conventional in the field, and is 0.1 MPa-2.0 MPa, for example.
In the invention, the materials are conventional in the field and can be coal, sludge, biomass, organic solid waste, petroleum coke, carbon-containing substances and garbage; the particle size range of the material is conventional in the art, e.g., 0.1 microns to 10 millimeters, preferably 10 microns to 1000 microns. The water content of the material is conventional in the field, generally the total water content of the material is not more than 30%, and the surface water content of the material is not more than 10%.
Preferably, the superficial gas velocity is increased by 0.2-5 m/s.
Preferably, the time from 0% opening degree to 100% opening degree and from 100% opening degree to 0% opening degree of the on-off valve is not more than 3 seconds.
The increase of the apparent gas velocity in the invention correspondingly improves the pressure drop of pipeline transportation and the flow stability of materials, and is beneficial to slowing down the fluctuation of the material flow in the switching process. Furthermore, the combination of the flow limiting components in the pneumatic conveying system effectively ensures that the fluctuation range of the material flow in the switching process can be reduced by 40-90 percent compared with the prior art, and the fluctuation range is completely within the bearable range of a reaction system. Furthermore, the gas activation device is combined, so that the material can be prevented from being aggregated and agglomerated, and the fluctuation of the material flow is effectively reduced.
In the invention, the pneumatic conveying system can be known to be an air tightness system according to common knowledge in the art, and the pneumatic conveying system is used for pressurizing and supplying air to convey materials through an air supply system.
In the present invention, the dispensing can is constructed in a shape conventional in the art, generally in the form of an upper cylinder while having a lower inverted cone.
In the present invention, each of the dispensing canisters generally includes a gas inlet and outlet; the gas activation device is generally connected with a gas supply system through a gas inlet of the material sending tank and used for inputting carrier gas; and the gas outlet of each material sending tank is connected with a dust removal system according to the conventional method in the field, and is used for removing dust during exhausting and then entering the atmosphere. The dust removal system is conventional in the art, such as a bag-type dust remover.
In the present invention, each of the dispensing canisters is generally connected to a storage bin for supplying the material, which is disposed above the dispensing canister, as is conventional in the art.
In the present invention, the gas activating device may be a device as conventionally known in the art, and preferably includes one or more of a gas distribution plate, a gas distribution cone, and a gas distribution pipe; and more preferably, a gas distribution plate, and a gas distribution tube. Wherein, the gas distribution cone can be an inverted cone type gas distribution cone.
Wherein, the number of the gas distribution pipes corresponding to each of the material sending tanks can be conventional in the art, such as 3-8, preferably 4-6.
In the invention, the delivery branch pipe can be a delivery branch pipe which is conventional in the field, and the connection position of the delivery branch pipe and the material sending tank can be positioned at the tank body (such as the upper part) or the bottom of the material sending tank; preferably at the bottom of the dispensing can.
The connecting part of the conveying branch pipe and the material sending tank is positioned at the upper part of the tank body of the material sending tank, meanwhile, the conveying branch pipe is also connected with a pneumatic conveying pipeline, and the inlet of the pneumatic conveying pipeline extends into the material sending tank and is positioned above the gas activating device.
In the present invention, the inlet of each of said pneumatic conveying pipes is preferably provided with a flare, such as a bell mouth, for better receiving the material conveying.
In the present invention, equal lengths between each of the delivery legs are within a measurement error of a size range that is conventionally acceptable in the art.
In the present invention, the carrier gas used in the gas supply system is conventional in the art and typically comprises nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air, oxygen, syngas or flue gas.
Preferably, the pressure regulating device further comprises a pressure regulating valve for regulating and controlling the pressure of the material dispensing tank.
Preferably, the gas uniform distribution material of the gas activation device is one or more of sintered metal powder, sintered metal wire mesh, sintered ceramic, porous plate materials and other porous materials known to those skilled in the art.
Preferably, the reaction system comprises a gasifier, boiler, kiln or incinerator as is conventional in the art.
Preferably, the material detection device may comprise a weighing and metering system and a level metering system.
Preferably, the first and second flow restricting members may be tapered pipes, venturis, orifice plates or valves, such as tapered pipes, as is conventional in the art. The flow-limiting device is generally manufactured from a wear-resistant material as known to those skilled in the art.
Preferably, the throat diameter of the second flow restriction part is larger than that of each first flow restriction part and smaller than the sum of the throat diameters of all the first flow restriction parts; the material circulation control device is used for controlling the material circulation capacity of the conveying branch pipe and the conveying main pipe.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the pneumatic conveying method of the invention basically overcomes the defects of instantaneous material cutoff, large mass flow fluctuation and the like frequently occurring when the material sending tanks are switched by the traditional pneumatic conveying method, and can better realize the quick and stable switching among the material sending tanks, thereby better meeting the process requirements.
2. The pneumatic conveying method greatly reduces the complexity of the pneumatic conveying system, so that the pneumatic conveying system has small overhauling workload, reliable operation and obviously reduced construction cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic conveying system used in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic conveying system used in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic conveying system used in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are:
1, a material dispensing tank;
11, a gas activation device, 12 material detection devices, 13 pressure regulation and control devices and 14 dust removal systems;
111 gas distribution plate, 112 gas distribution pipe, 113 gas distribution cone;
2 conveying branch pipes;
21 switch valves, 22 pipeline air supply devices, 23 first flow limiting components, 24 pneumatic conveying pipelines and 25 flaring ports;
3 a delivery main pipe;
31 a solid mass flow meter, 32 a second flow restriction;
4, a reaction system;
5, a storage bin;
6 air supply system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment is used for pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal, and comprises two material sending tanks 1, conveying branch pipes 2 and a conveying main pipe 3, wherein the conveying branch pipes correspond to the material sending tanks 1 one by one and are connected in sequence; each material sending tank 1 is connected and gathered with one end of a conveying main pipe 3 through a conveying branch pipe 2, and the other end of the conveying main pipe 3 is used for being connected with an inlet of a reaction system 4; in this embodiment, the reaction system 4 is a gasification furnace;
each material sending tank 1 is provided with an air activation device 11, a material detection device 12 and a pressure regulation and control device 13 from bottom to top; the gas activation device 11 is used for inputting a carrier gas, and in this embodiment, the carrier gas is nitrogen; the inlet of the conveying branch pipe 2 is connected with the material sending tank 1; the material detection device in the embodiment is a weighing and metering system;
the lengths of the conveying branch pipes 2 are equal; a switch valve 21, a pipeline air supplementing device 22 and a first flow limiting part 23 are sequentially arranged on each conveying branch pipe 2 from the position close to the material sending tank 1; wherein, an interlocking device (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the switch valves 21 for realizing interlocking arrangement; the pipeline air supplementing device 22 is used for realizing air supplementing setting;
from the connection and collection end of the conveying main pipe 3, the conveying main pipe 3 is provided with a solid mass flow meter 31 and a second flow limiting component 32 in sequence.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment supplies pressurized air to convey pulverized coal through an air supply system 6 (not shown in the figure).
The dispensing can 1 is configured in the shape of an upper cylinder and a lower inverted cone.
Each material sending tank 1 comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet; the gas activation device 11 is connected with the gas supply system 6 through a gas inlet of the material sending tank 1 and is used for inputting nitrogen; the gas outlet of each material sending tank 1 is connected with a dust removal system 14, and is used for removing dust during exhausting and then entering the atmosphere. The dust removal system 14 in this embodiment is a bag-type dust remover.
Each material sending tank 1 is connected with a storage bin 5 for feeding, and the storage bin 5 is arranged above the material sending tank 1.
The gas activation device 11 comprises a gas distribution plate 111, a gas distribution pipe 112 and a gas distribution cone 113; the gas distribution cone 113 is an inverted cone type gas distribution cone.
Wherein, the number of the gas distribution pipes 112 is 4 corresponding to each material distribution tank 1.
The connecting part of the conveying branch pipe 2 and the material sending tank 1 is positioned at the upper part of the tank body of the material sending tank 1, meanwhile, the conveying branch pipe 2 is also connected with a pneumatic conveying pipeline 24, and the inlet of the pneumatic conveying pipeline 24 extends into the material sending tank 1 and is positioned above the gas activating device 11.
The inlet of each pneumatic conveying pipeline 24 is provided with a flared opening 25, and in the embodiment, the flared opening 25 is a bell mouth for better receiving pulverized coal conveying.
The lengths of the conveying branch pipes 2 are equal.
The pressure regulating device 13 further comprises a pressure regulating valve for regulating the pressure of the dispensing tank 1.
The gas uniform distribution material of the gas activation device 11 is sintered metal powder.
In this embodiment, the first flow restriction member 23 and the second flow restriction member 32 are tapered and flared tubes, and are made of an abrasion resistant material.
The throat diameter of the second flow restriction part 32 is larger than that of each first flow restriction part 23 and smaller than the sum of the throat diameters of all the first flow restriction parts 23; used for controlling the coal powder flow capacity of the conveying branch pipes 2 and the conveying main pipe 3.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment can be used for pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal according to the following operations:
the mass flow rate of the coal dust in the conveying main pipe 3 is 10t/h, the flow velocity of the coal dust is 7m/s, and the concentration of the coal dust is 300kg/m3. The pressure in the material sending tank 1 is 4.6MPa, the pressure in the reaction system 4 is 4.0MPa, and the conveying pressure difference between the material sending tank 1 and the reaction system 4 is 0.6 MPa.
For convenience of use, the two dispensing cans 1 are respectively denoted as a can and a B can in this embodiment.
Feeding A tanks of the two feeding tanks 1 until the material detection device 12 displays that the coal powder in the material feeding tanks reaches a low storage limit; then, the interlocking setting and the air supply setting are triggered to operate, and the material dispensing is switched to the tank B of the two material dispensing tanks 1 for material dispensing; each material sending tank 1 supplies materials alternately and operates in a circulating and reciprocating mode;
wherein, the air supplement device 22 for the pipeline A of the material dispensing tank 1 for supplying air is set for supplementing air and adjusting the apparent air speed of the conveying branch pipe 2 from 7m/s to 8 m/s;
the interlocking is set to start the switch valve 21 of the tank B in the two material sending tanks 1 to be opened from 0% to 100% of opening degree, at the moment, the flow rate of the pulverized coal in the conveying main pipe 3 is temporarily increased to a certain extent, the flow rate of the pulverized coal is increased from 10t/h to 11t/h, the fluctuation range of the flow rate increase is 10%, and compared with the traditional tank combination scheme, the fluctuation range of the flow rate of the pulverized coal is reduced by about 40 percentage points; thereafter, the on-off valve 21 of the a tank of the two dispensing tanks 1 is closed from 100% opening degree to 0% opening degree. And (3) starting the pressure regulating device 13 of the tank A in the two material sending tanks 1, and discharging the dust-containing gas to the dust removal system 14 to reduce the pressure of the tank A in the two material sending tanks 1 to the normal pressure.
The storage bin 5 supplies the material to the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1, so that the material detection device 12 displays that the coal powder storage amount in the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1 reaches a specified high storage amount value, and then stops supplying the material to the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1.
The tank A in the two material sending tanks 1 is pressurized through the gas distribution pipe 112, the gas distribution plate 111 and the gas distribution cone 113 in the gas activation device 11 until the pressure reaches 4.6MPa, and the operation condition is achieved, so that the material is alternately supplied to the tank B in the two material sending tanks 1 and circularly and repeatedly operates.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment can well overcome the defects that the traditional pneumatic conveying method is frequently used for switching the material sending tanks, such as instantaneous material cutoff, large mass flow fluctuation and the like, and can well realize the fast and stable switching among the material sending tanks, thereby better meeting the process requirements.
Example 2
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment is used for pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal, and as shown in fig. 2, the pneumatic conveying system comprises three material sending tanks 1, conveying branch pipes 2 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the material sending tanks 1 and are sequentially connected, and a conveying main pipe 3; each material sending tank 1 is connected and gathered with one end of a conveying main pipe 3 through a conveying branch pipe 2, and the other end of the conveying main pipe 3 is used for being connected with an inlet of a reaction system 4; in this embodiment, the reaction system 4 is a gasification furnace;
each material sending tank 1 is provided with an air activation device 11, a material detection device 12 and a pressure regulation and control device 13 from bottom to top; the gas activation device 11 is used for inputting a carrier gas, and in this embodiment, the carrier gas is nitrogen; the inlet of the conveying branch pipe 2 is connected with the material sending tank 1; the material detection device in the embodiment is a weighing and metering system;
the lengths of the conveying branch pipes 2 are equal; a switch valve 21, a pipeline air supplementing device 22 and a first flow limiting part 23 are sequentially arranged on each conveying branch pipe 2 from the position close to the material sending tank 1; wherein, an interlocking device (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the switch valves 21 for realizing interlocking arrangement; the pipeline air supplementing device 22 is used for realizing air supplementing setting;
from the connection and collection end of the conveying main pipe 3, the conveying main pipe 3 is provided with a solid mass flow meter 31 and a second flow limiting component 32 in sequence.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment supplies air to convey pulverized coal by pressurizing through the air supply system 6.
The dispensing can 1 is configured in the shape of an upper cylinder and a lower inverted cone.
Each material sending tank 1 comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet; the gas activation device 11 is connected with the gas supply system 6 through a gas inlet of the material sending tank 1 and is used for inputting nitrogen; the gas outlet of each material sending tank 1 is connected with a dust removal system 14, and is used for removing dust during exhausting and then entering the atmosphere. The dust removal system 14 in this embodiment is a bag-type dust remover.
Each dispensing bucket 1 is connected to a storage silo 5 (not shown in the embodiment) for supplying material, and the storage silo 5 is arranged above the dispensing bucket 1.
The gas activation device 11 comprises a gas distribution plate 111, a gas distribution pipe 112 and a gas distribution cone 113; the gas distribution cone 113 is an inverted cone type gas distribution cone.
Wherein, the number of the gas distribution pipes 112 is 3 corresponding to each material distribution tank 1.
The connecting part of the conveying branch pipe 2 and the material sending tank 1 is positioned at the upper part of the tank body of the material sending tank 1, meanwhile, the conveying branch pipe 2 is also connected with a pneumatic conveying pipeline 24, and the inlet of the pneumatic conveying pipeline 24 extends into the material sending tank 1 and is positioned above the gas activating device 11.
The inlet of each pneumatic conveying pipeline 24 is provided with a flared opening 25, and in the embodiment, the flared opening 25 is a bell mouth for better receiving pulverized coal conveying.
The lengths of the conveying branch pipes 2 are equal.
The pressure regulating device 13 further comprises a pressure regulating valve for regulating the pressure of the dispensing tank 1.
The gas uniform distribution material of the gas activation device 11 is a sintered wire mesh.
In this embodiment, the first flow restriction member 23 and the second flow restriction member 32 are tapered and flared tubes, and are made of an abrasion resistant material.
The throat diameter of the second flow restriction part 32 is larger than that of each first flow restriction part 23 and smaller than the sum of the throat diameters of all the first flow restriction parts 23; used for controlling the coal powder flow capacity of the conveying branch pipes 2 and the conveying main pipe 3.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment can be used for pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal according to the following operations:
the mass flow rate of the pulverized coal in the conveying main pipe 3 is 10t/h, the flow velocity of the pulverized coal is 7m/s, and the concentration of the pulverized coal is 250kg/m3. The pressure in the material sending tank 1 is 1.2MPa, the pressure in the reaction system 4 is 0.5MPa, and the conveying pressure difference between the material sending tank 1 and the reaction system 4 is 0.7 MPa.
For convenience of use, in this embodiment, the three dispensing tanks 1 are respectively denoted as a tank a, a tank B, and a tank C, and the tank C is used as a spare tank.
Feeding A tanks of the three feeding tanks 1 until the material detection device 12 displays that the coal powder in the material feeding tanks reaches a low storage limit; then, the interlocking setting and the air supply setting are triggered to operate, and the material distribution is switched to the tank B of the three material distribution tanks 1 for material distribution; each material sending tank 1 supplies materials alternately and operates in a circulating and reciprocating mode;
wherein, the air supplement device 22 for the pipeline A of the material dispensing tank 1 for supplying air is set for supplementing air and adjusting the apparent air speed of the conveying branch pipe 2 from 7m/s to 8 m/s;
the interlocking is set to start the switch valve 21 of the tank B in the three material sending tanks 1 to be opened from 0% to 100% of opening degree, at the moment, the flow rate of the pulverized coal in the conveying main pipe 3 is temporarily increased to a certain extent, the flow rate of the pulverized coal is increased from 10t/h to 11t/h, the fluctuation range of the flow rate increase is 10%, and compared with the traditional tank combination scheme, the fluctuation range of the flow rate of the pulverized coal is reduced by about 40 percentage points; thereafter, the on-off valve 21 of the a tank of the three dispensing tanks 1 is closed from 100% opening degree to 0% opening degree. And (3) starting the pressure regulating device 13 of the tank A in the three material sending tanks 1, and discharging the dust-containing gas to the dust removal system 14 to reduce the pressure of the tank A in the three material sending tanks 1 to the normal pressure.
The storage bin 5 (not shown in the figure) supplies the material to the tank A of the three material sending tanks 1, so that the material detection device 12 displays that the coal powder storage amount inside the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1 reaches a specified high storage amount value, and then stops supplying the material to the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1.
The tank A of the three material sending tanks 1 is pressurized through the gas distribution pipe 112, the gas distribution plate 111 and the gas distribution cone 113 in the gas activation device 11 until the pressure reaches 1.2MPa, and the operation condition is achieved, so that the material is alternately supplied to the tank B of the three material sending tanks 1 and circularly and repeatedly operates.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment can well overcome the defects that the traditional pneumatic conveying method is frequently used for switching the material sending tanks, such as instantaneous material cutoff, large mass flow fluctuation and the like, and can well realize the fast and stable switching among the material sending tanks, thereby better meeting the process requirements.
Example 3
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment is used for pneumatic conveying of solid waste powder, and as shown in fig. 3, the pneumatic conveying system comprises two material sending tanks 1, conveying branch pipes 2 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the material sending tanks 1 and are sequentially connected, and a conveying main pipe 3; each material sending tank 1 is connected and gathered with one end of a conveying main pipe 3 through a conveying branch pipe 2, and the other end of the conveying main pipe 3 is used for being connected with an inlet of a reaction system 4; the reaction system 4 in this embodiment is an incinerator;
each material sending tank 1 is provided with an air activation device 11, a material detection device 12 and a pressure regulation and control device 13 from bottom to top; the gas activation device 11 is used for inputting carrier gas, in this embodiment, the carrier gas is air; the inlet of the conveying branch pipe 2 is connected with the bottom of the material sending tank 1; the material detection device in the embodiment is a weighing and metering system;
the lengths of the conveying branch pipes 2 are equal; a switch valve 21, a pipeline air supplementing device 22 and a first flow limiting part 23 are sequentially arranged on each conveying branch pipe 2 from the position close to the material sending tank 1; wherein, an interlocking device (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the switch valves 21 for realizing interlocking arrangement; the pipeline air supplementing device 22 is used for realizing air supplementing setting;
from the connection and collection end of the conveying main pipe 3, the conveying main pipe 3 is provided with a solid mass flow meter 31 and a second flow limiting component 32 in sequence.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment pressurizes and supplies air to convey solid waste powder through the air supply system 6 (not shown in the figure).
The dispensing can 1 is configured in the shape of an upper cylinder and a lower inverted cone.
Each material sending tank 1 comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet; the gas activation device 11 is connected with the gas supply system 6 through a gas inlet of the material sending tank 1 and is used for inputting air; the gas outlet of each material sending tank 1 is connected with a dust removal system 14, and is used for removing dust during exhausting and then entering the atmosphere. The dust removal system 14 in this embodiment is a bag-type dust remover.
Each material sending tank 1 is connected with a storage bin 5 for feeding, and the storage bin 5 is arranged above the material sending tank 1.
The gas activation device 11 includes a gas distribution plate 111 and a gas distribution pipe 112.
Wherein, the number of the gas distribution pipes 112 is 4 corresponding to each material distribution tank 1.
The lengths of the conveying branch pipes 2 are equal.
The pressure regulating device 13 further comprises a pressure regulating valve for regulating the pressure of the dispensing tank 1.
The gas uniform distribution material of the gas activation device 11 is sintered metal powder.
In this embodiment, the first flow restriction member 23 and the second flow restriction member 32 are tapered and flared tubes, and are made of an abrasion resistant material.
The throat diameter of the second flow restriction part 32 is larger than that of each first flow restriction part 23 and smaller than the sum of the throat diameters of all the first flow restriction parts 23; used for controlling the solid waste powder circulation capacity of the conveying branch pipe 2 and the conveying main pipe 3.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment can be used for carrying out pneumatic conveying on solid waste powder according to the following pneumatic conveying operations:
the mass flow of the solid waste powder in the conveying main pipe 3 is 2t/h, the flow speed is 10m/s, and the concentration is 100kg/m3. The pressure in the material sending tank 1 is 0.4MPa, the pressure in the reaction system 4 is normal pressure, and the conveying pressure difference between the material sending tank 1 and the reaction system 4 is 0.4 MPa.
For convenience of use, the two dispensing cans 1 are respectively denoted as a can and a B can in this embodiment.
Feeding A tank of the two feeding tanks 1 until the material detection device 12 displays that the solid waste powder in the material detection device reaches a low storage limit; then, the interlocking setting and the air supply setting are triggered to operate, and the material dispensing is switched to the tank B of the two material dispensing tanks 1 for material dispensing; each material sending tank 1 supplies materials alternately and operates in a circulating and reciprocating mode;
wherein, the air supplement device 22 for the pipeline A of the material dispensing tank 1 for supplying air is set for supplying air and adjusting the apparent air speed of the conveying branch pipe 2 to increase from 10m/s to 11 m/s;
the interlocking is set to start the switch valve 21 of the tank B in the two material sending tanks 1 from 0% opening degree to 100% opening degree, at the moment, the flow of the pulverized coal in the conveying main pipe 3 can be increased to a certain degree temporarily, the flow of the solid waste powder is increased to 2.2t/h from 2t/h, the fluctuation range of the flow increase is 10%, compared with the traditional tank combining scheme, the fluctuation range of the flow of the solid waste powder is reduced by about 90 percentage points, and instantaneous cut-off or flow reduction can not occur. Thereafter, the on-off valve 21 of the a tank of the two dispensing tanks 1 is closed from 100% opening degree to 0% opening degree. And (3) starting the pressure regulating device 13 of the tank A in the two material sending tanks 1, and discharging the dust-containing gas to the dust removal system 14 to reduce the pressure of the tank A in the two material sending tanks 1 to the normal pressure.
The storage bin 5 supplies the material to the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1, so that the material detection device 12 displays that the solid waste powder storage inside the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1 reaches a specified high storage value, and then stops supplying the material to the tank A of the two material sending tanks 1.
The tank A in the two material sending tanks 1 is pressurized through the gas distribution pipe 112 and the gas distribution plate 111 in the gas activation device 11 until the pressure reaches 0.4MPa, and the operation condition is achieved, so that the material is alternately supplied to the tank B in the two material sending tanks 1 and circularly and repeatedly operates.
The pneumatic conveying system of the embodiment can well overcome the defects that the traditional pneumatic conveying method is frequently used for switching the material sending tanks, such as instantaneous material cutoff, large mass flow fluctuation and the like, and can well realize the fast and stable switching among the material sending tanks, thereby better meeting the process requirements.
Claims (17)
1. A pneumatic conveying method is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out pneumatic conveying on the materials through a pneumatic conveying system;
the pneumatic conveying system comprises at least two material sending tanks, conveying branch pipes and a conveying main pipe, wherein the conveying branch pipes correspond to the material sending tanks one by one and are connected in sequence; each material sending tank is connected and gathered with one end of the conveying main pipe through the conveying branch pipe, and the other end of the conveying main pipe is used for being connected with an inlet of the reaction system; each material sending tank is provided with an air activating device, a material detecting device and a pressure regulating device from bottom to top; wherein, the gas activation device is used for inputting carrier gas; the inlet of the conveying branch pipe is connected with the material sending tank; the lengths of the conveying branch pipes are equal; a switch valve, a pipeline air supplementing device and a first flow limiting part are sequentially arranged on each delivery branch pipe from the position close to the material sending tank; an interlocking device is arranged between the switch valves; the conveying main pipe is sequentially provided with a solid mass flowmeter and a second flow limiting component from the connecting and collecting end of the conveying main pipe;
the pneumatic transmission operation comprises the following steps: one of the at least two dispensing tanks dispenses material until the material therein reaches a low storage limit; then, triggering interlocking setting and air supplementing setting operation, and switching the material dispensing tank to another one of the at least two material dispensing tanks for material dispensing; each material sending tank supplies materials alternately and operates in a circulating reciprocating mode; wherein the air supply device is used for supplying air to a pipeline air supply device of the material dispensing tank which is dispensing materials and adjusting the apparent air speed of the conveying branch pipe to increase by 0.2-10 m/s; wherein the interlock is set to start another one of the at least two dispensing cans, the on-off valve of the dispensing can is opened from 0% opening degree to 100% opening degree, and then, the on-off valve of the at least two dispensing cans is closed from 100% opening degree to 0% opening degree.
2. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 1, wherein the dispensing tank is pressurized by the gas activation device; the pressure of the material dispensing tank is regulated and controlled by the pressure regulating and controlling device;
and the material feeding of the material sending tank is carried out by the material storage bin and/or other material sending tanks after the material sending reaches the low stock limit.
3. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 2, wherein the feeding of the material sending tank is performed by discharging the dust-containing gas in the material sending tank to a dust removal system through the pressure regulating device of the material sending tank to reduce the pressure thereof to normal pressure, feeding the material, and pressurizing the material to a pressure value of the material sending condition through the gas activating device.
4. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the dispensing tank at the time of dispensing is atmospheric pressure; and/or the conveying pressure difference between the material sending tank and the reaction system is 0.1-2.0 MPa when the material is sent.
5. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 1, wherein the material is coal, sludge, biomass, organic solid waste, petroleum coke, carbonaceous material or garbage;
and/or the particle size range of the material is 0.1 micrometer to 10 millimeters.
6. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 5, wherein the particle size of the material is in the range of 10 to 1000 microns.
7. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 1, wherein the superficial gas velocity is increased by 0.2 to 5 m/s;
and/or the time from the opening degree of 0% to the opening degree of 100% and from the opening degree of 100% to the opening degree of 0% of the switching valve is not more than 3 seconds.
8. The pneumatic conveying method of claim 1, wherein the gas activation device comprises one or more of a gas distribution plate, a gas distribution cone, and a gas distribution pipe;
and/or the gas activation device comprises a gas distribution plate and a gas distribution pipe;
the gas uniform distribution material of the gas activation device is one or more of sintered metal powder, sintered metal wire mesh, sintered ceramic, porous plates and other porous materials.
9. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 8, wherein the gas distribution cone is an inverted cone-type gas distribution cone;
and/or, the number of the gas distribution pipes is 3-8 corresponding to each material sending tank.
10. The pneumatic conveying method of claim 9, wherein the number of gas distribution pipes is 4-6.
11. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 8, wherein the dispensing canister is shaped as an upper cylinder while a lower inverted cone; each of the dispensing canisters comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet; the gas distribution pipe is connected with a gas supply system through a gas inlet of the material sending tank; the gas outlet of each material sending tank is connected with a dust removal system; each the material sending tank is connected with a storage silo used for feeding, and the storage silo is arranged above the material sending tank.
12. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 11, wherein the dust removing system is a bag-type dust remover.
13. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 1, wherein the connection of the conveying branch pipe and the dispensing canister may be located at a tank body, such as an upper portion, or a bottom portion of the dispensing canister;
the connecting part of the conveying branch pipe and the material sending tank is positioned at the upper part of the tank body of the material sending tank, the conveying branch pipe is also connected with a pneumatic conveying pipeline, and the inlet of the pneumatic conveying pipeline extends into the material sending tank and is positioned above the gas activating device;
wherein, the inlet of each pneumatic conveying pipeline is provided with a flaring.
14. The pneumatic conveying method of claim 13, wherein the connection of the conveying branch pipe to the dispensing canister is at the bottom of the dispensing canister.
15. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 13, wherein each of said pneumatic conveying pipes is provided with a flare at an inlet thereof.
16. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 1, wherein the conveying branch pipes are equal in length;
and/or the first flow limiting component and the second flow limiting component are tapered and flared pipes, Venturi pipes, orifice plates or valves; the throat diameter of the second flow limiting part is larger than that of each first flow limiting part and smaller than the sum of the throat diameters of all the first flow limiting parts.
17. The pneumatic conveying method according to claim 11, wherein the pressure regulating device further comprises a pressure regulating valve;
the reaction system comprises a gasification furnace, a boiler, a kiln or an incinerator;
the material detection device comprises a weighing and metering system and a material level metering system;
the carrier gas used by the gas supply system comprises nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air, oxygen, synthesis gas or flue gas.
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