CN111693173A - Oil storage tank double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method - Google Patents
Oil storage tank double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method for an oil storage tank, which comprises a monitoring controller, a first measuring host, a second measuring host, temperature measurement optical cables I and IV arranged on storage tanks A1 and A2 of the storage tank, and temperature measurement optical cables II and III arranged on storage tanks B1 and B2; two temperature measuring optical cables are arranged on each storage tank at the same time, the two temperature measuring optical cables are connected with different measuring hosts respectively, the temperature measuring optical cables transmit collected temperature data and lengths to the measuring hosts, the measuring hosts transmit received signals to a monitoring controller, and the dual-temperature measuring optical cables are arranged and the two measuring hosts are used for testing simultaneously, so that dual-machine redundant monitoring is realized, the reliability is high, and the cost is low. The method has the advantages of simple monitoring method and high response speed, improves the identification speed of the small flame in the early stage of the fire, accelerates the early warning time, greatly reduces the probability of large-area fire, and is convenient to maintain and detect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of a floating roof fire disaster in an oil storage tank, in particular to a double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method for the oil storage tank.
Background
The oil storage of the large floating roof oil tank is the main oil storage mode of the oil storage warehouse in China at present. The top of the floating roof oil tank adopts a rubber secondary sealing technology, so that a small amount of oil gas is likely to leak out of the sealing ring in long-term operation, and a fire disaster is likely to happen under natural conditions of high temperature of the sun, lightning stroke and the like. The national standard 'design specification of oil reserves GB 50737-2011' 8.6.2 clearly stipulates that an automatic fire detection device should be arranged on an oil tank, and the detection area of a fire detector should be divided according to the linkage control requirement of a fire extinguishing system. When the optical fiber type temperature-sensing detector is adopted, the optical fiber temperature-sensing detector is arranged on the secondary sealing ring of the oil tank floating disc.
At present, a quasi-distributed type identical demodulation fiber grating temperature measurement system is mainly adopted for fire monitoring of a floating roof oil tank, one oil tank is provided with a set of identical demodulation grating temperature measurement system, the identical demodulation fiber grating temperature measurement system comprises a signal demodulator, a fiber grating sensor string, software and the like, wherein the fiber grating sensor string is formed by connecting a fiber grating temperature sensor in series in a fusion mode, the fiber grating temperature sensors are generally arranged at intervals of 3m, and an area between two adjacent fiber grating temperature sensors is a communication optical cable without a sensing element and belongs to a monitoring blind area; the influence of expend with heat and contract with cold and soaking water, the part that grating and splice tensile strength can be weak causes disconnected fine trouble easily in long-term use, make the whole monitoring area disappearance even of oil tank monitoring part, and the unable position of fixing a position every sensor of temperature measurement system of the demodulation fiber grating of formula entirely, can only report to the police regionally, because the whole expend with heat and contract with cold of fiber grating cluster reason, can receive the internal stress on the grating cluster in the in-service use and stretch or compress, lead to sensor wavelength drift to cause the wrong report fire alarm, drift misstatement appears in a sensor, the alarm of subregion, the misstatement phenomenon appears easily. Daily maintenance needs to use hot water watering sensor to test grating system's normal operating performance, because the grating quantity is too many and brings very big work load for using, in addition, because every jar body is furnished with a fiber grating demodulation host computer, when the host computer broke down, entire system is in the paralysed state, secondly, this kind of monitoring method degree of accuracy is lower, and monitoring efficiency is low, and the reliability is not high, consequently, needs a monitoring method of reliability and security height to monitor the oil storage tank temperature urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method for an oil storage tank, which applies a distributed Raman temperature measurement system to a floating-roof oil storage tank as a fire-fighting early warning system, can improve the actual spatial resolution, realizes quick temperature response and early recognition and early warning of hidden dangers in the early stage of fire in a low-cost mode, has no measuring blind area and high accuracy, realizes accurate position positioning of a temperature change point, and has more reliable tensile resistance and long service life. The monitoring method is simple, and can quickly remove faults and detect the state of equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method for an oil storage tank, which comprises a first measuring host, a second measuring host, a temperature measurement optical cable I, a temperature measurement optical cable II, a temperature measurement optical cable III, a temperature measurement optical cable IV and a monitoring controller, wherein the measuring host is electrically connected with the monitoring controller through a connecting port and is used for monitoring the working state and real-time measurement data of the measuring host in real time; each measuring host is provided with 4 measuring channels; the temperature measuring optical cable is a temperature measuring multimode optical cable and is used for collecting the temperature distribution and the length along the optical cable; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable I is connected with a measuring channel 1 of the first measuring host, and the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable I returns to a measuring channel 2 of the first measuring host after being wound for a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank A1 and then being wound for a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank A2; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable II is connected with the measuring channel 3 of the first measuring host, and the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable II returns to the measuring channel 4 of the first measuring host after being wound for one circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank B1 and then being wound for one circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank B2; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable III is connected with the measuring channel 1 of the second measuring host, and the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable III returns to the measuring channel 2 of the second measuring host after being wound for one circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B2 and then being wound for one circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B1; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable IV is connected with the measuring channel 3 of the second measuring main machine, and the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable IV returns to the measuring channel 4 of the second measuring main machine after being wound for one circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank A1 and then being wound for one circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank A2;
the specific method comprises the following steps:
1) presetting the corresponding relation between the laying length of the temperature measuring optical cable and the position on the storage tank in the monitoring controller;
2) the monitoring controller controls the first measuring host and the second measuring host to start measuring channels, the measuring time of each channel of the measuring host is T seconds, the switching is performed once every T seconds, the itinerant testing is performed between the measuring channels in a mode of switching an optical switch, and all 4 measuring channels are tested in turn to form a data acquisition period;
during the first T second, the first measuring host acquires signals from the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable I in real time, the second measuring host acquires signals from the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable III in real time and transmits the acquired signals to the monitoring controller, the monitoring controller acquires the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measuring optical cable I and the temperature measuring optical cable III along the line in real time, the online monitoring of the storage tanks A1, A2, B1 and B2 is respectively realized, and the monitoring time period of all the storage tanks is 1 s;
when the second time is T seconds, the first measuring host collects signals from the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable I in real time, the second measuring host collects signals from the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable III in real time, the collected signals are transmitted to the monitoring controller, the monitoring controller obtains the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measuring optical cable I and the temperature measuring optical cable III along the line in real time, and online monitoring of the storage tanks A1, A2, B1 and B2 is achieved respectively;
and analogizing in sequence, and acquiring the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measurement optical cable II and the temperature measurement optical cable IV along the line twice in real time by the monitoring controller according to the mode when the temperature is in the third T second and the fourth T second;
the monitoring controller compares two times of temperature data of the same position of the same temperature measuring optical cable acquired in two consecutive seconds, if the temperature data difference is less than or equal to 2 ℃, no fire occurs, otherwise, a fire occurs;
in the case where no fire occurs:
if the difference of the two temperature data of the same position of the same temperature measuring optical cable in two consecutive seconds is more than or equal to 5 ℃, executing the step (3);
if the data acquired in two consecutive seconds respectively correspond to the position of the tank top and the temperature data to be consistent, the monitoring system is normal, if the data are inconsistent, the data are distorted, and the fault of the data distortion is judged;
3) the monitoring controller judges the equipment fault, and if one of the first measuring host and the second measuring host or the measuring channel generates the equipment fault, equipment fault alarm information is displayed on the monitoring controller; if no measuring host and the measuring channel equipment thereof are in fault, executing the step (4);
4) the monitoring controller judges the fiber breaking fault, the measuring host monitors the temperature measuring optical cables, and if a breakpoint of one temperature measuring optical cable breaks or loses a signal, the measuring host judges the accurate position of the break of the temperature measuring optical cable or the accurate position of the break of the temperature measuring optical cable which loses the signal, the accurate positions are displayed on the monitoring controller, and meanwhile fiber breaking alarm fault information is displayed; and (4) if no fiber breaking fault exists, executing the step (2).
Preferably, the device failure determination method is:
if a certain measuring channel of a certain measuring host computer does not acquire a signal within a specified time, judging that the measuring channel has a fault, and displaying fault alarm information of the measuring channel of the measuring host computer by a monitoring controller;
if a certain measuring host does not acquire signals in the monitoring period, the fault of the measuring host is judged, and the monitoring controller displays the fault alarm information of the measuring host.
Further, in the step (1), after the monitoring controller executes a data acquisition cycle, the monitoring controller respectively acquires two continuous seconds of temperature data at the same position acquired by 4 temperature measurement optical cables, compares the two continuous seconds of temperature data at the same position acquired by each temperature measurement optical cable one by one, if the two continuous seconds of temperature data are not consistent, the acquired data are distorted, and gives which second and which channel the acquired temperature data are distortion data, executes a plurality of data acquisition cycles, and after a plurality of times of data are acquired, judges the fault reason of data distortion.
Preferably, the temperature measurement optical cable that the temperature measurement optical cable was laid between the storage tank body and the connection storage tank adopts all-metal optical cable structure, and the inside packing of metal optical cable structure has heat conduction silicone oil, and the temperature measurement optical cable between storage tank to the measurement host computer adopts 8-core GYXTW communication optical cable structure, 8-core GYXTW communication optical cable structure and the butt fusion of temperature measurement optical cable of all-metal optical cable structure.
Furthermore, a temperature measuring optical cable on the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank is wound around two rings with the diameter of 20-33cm at intervals of one meter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the response speed is high: firstly, utilize the full metallic structure temperature measurement optical cable of inside packing heat conduction silicon oil, compress the thermal-conductive temperature response time to advanced level, secondly, through with the ring that the temperature measurement optical cable is coiled into two circles diameter about 30 centimetres, the actual spatial resolution of temperature measurement system has been improved, temperature response speed is fast, finally, this kind of cloth cable mode around the ring, the spatial distribution occupation area at the floating roof sealing washer is a lot more than the mode that the optical cable was arranged straight line, this kind of distribution mode of large tracts of land has improved the little flame recognition speed to the early of conflagration, the early warning time has been accelerated, greatly reduced the probability that the large tracts of land conflagration takes place.
2. The reliability is high: the invention has redundancy in the cable arrangement, the host and other hardware, adopts the simultaneous monitoring of the dual temperature measurement systems, namely, each storage tank has two complete temperature measurement systems working simultaneously, the redundancy ensures that the single fault of fiber breakage or the single host does not cause the function loss of the monitoring area, and sufficient time is reserved for eliminating the single fault, and the reliability is high.
3. The cost is low: the cable arrangement mode adopted by the invention optimizes early fire identification and alarm while improving the actual spatial resolution of the system, has great significance for fire rescue, and greatly improves the early fire identification and alarm under the condition of not increasing the cost. And secondly, the oil storage tank part adopts the temperature measurement multimode optical cable with an all-metal structure, so that the probability of damage or damage (rat bite, breakage and the like) of the oil storage tank is greatly reduced, the service life is prolonged, the cost for replacing and maintaining hardware is reduced, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is favorably improved.
4. The maintenance and detection are convenient: in daily maintenance and detection, the invention adopts a redundancy design, utilizes two sets of temperature measuring systems independently placed to measure the same oil storage tank in real time, and utilizes a mode of partition comparison and mutual reference of system data to realize the stability and distortion of system judgment data, realize automatic identification and early warning of the system and avoid the situations of missing report and false report of the faults. Compared with the existing fiber bragg grating fire-fighting system, the method for detecting whether the data are distorted by pouring water is not needed, the workload of daily maintenance on the fire-fighting monitoring system of the oil storage tank is reduced, a large amount of maintenance work and cost are saved, and the work efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the optical cable with an all-metal structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a layout of the secondary sealing surface temperature measuring optical cable of the floating roof in the storage tank according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The invention adopts a distributed multimode optical fiber temperature measuring device, which utilizes the spontaneous Raman (Raman) scattering principle and the Optical Time Domain Reflection (OTDR) technology generated when laser is transmitted in an optical fiber to obtain the spatial temperature distribution information. Because the temperature sensing element and the signal transmission line of the optical fiber distributed temperature measurement system are all armored multimode optical cables, the temperature distributed measurement of any point along the optical cable is realized, no measurement blind area exists, the distributed temperature measurement is realized, the accurate position location of a temperature change point is realized, the tensile resistance of the sensor is more reliable, the construction is rapid and convenient, the use cost is reduced, and the economical efficiency is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 1, in the dual-tank temperature measurement real-time monitoring method for an oil storage tank of this embodiment, two groups of storage tanks are monitored, one group of storage tanks is a1 and a2, the other group of storage tanks is B1 and B2, the storage tanks in each group of storage tanks are connected in series by temperature measurement optical cables, the storage tanks adopt crude oil storage tanks with an internal floating roof diameter of 80 meters, each storage tank is simultaneously provided with two temperature measurement optical cables, which include a first measurement host, a second measurement host, a temperature measurement optical cable i, a temperature measurement optical cable ii, a temperature measurement optical cable iii, a temperature measurement optical cable iv and a monitoring controller, the measurement host is electrically connected with the monitoring controller through a connection port and is used for monitoring the working state and real-; each measuring host is provided with 4 measuring channels; the temperature measurement optical cable is temperature measurement multimode optical cable for gathering temperature distribution and length along the optical cable, the required every temperature measurement optical cable length of every storage tank is about 1000m, 2 storage tanks are about 2000m totally, and these two temperature measurement optical cables connect different measurement host respectively, storage tank A1, what A2 laid is temperature measurement optical cable I and temperature measurement optical cable IV, storage tank B1, what B2 laid is temperature measurement optical cable II and temperature measurement optical cable III, lay through the dual temperature measurement optical cable, two measurement host test simultaneously, double-computer redundancy monitoring has been realized, the reliability is higher, concrete wiring mode is as follows:
the device comprises a first measuring host, a second measuring host, a temperature measuring optical cable I, a temperature measuring optical cable II, a temperature measuring optical cable III, a temperature measuring optical cable IV and a monitoring controller, wherein the measuring host is electrically connected with the monitoring controller through a connecting port and is used for monitoring the working state and real-time measuring data of the measuring host in real time; each measuring host is provided with 4 measuring channels;
the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable I is connected with a measuring channel 1 of a first measuring host, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable I winds a circle from the ground along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank A1 from the tank body of the storage tank A1, then the temperature measuring optical cable I winds a circle along the tank body of the storage tank A1 to the ground, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank A2 from the tank body of the storage tank A2, then the temperature measuring optical cable I winds a circle along the tank body of the storage tank A2 to the ground;
the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable II is connected with the measuring channel 3 of the first measuring host, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable II winds a circle from the ground along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank B1 from the tank body of the storage tank B1, then the temperature measuring optical cable II winds a circle along the tank body of the storage tank B1 to the ground, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank B2 from the tank body of the storage tank B2, and then returns to the measuring channel 4 of the first measuring host;
the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable III is connected with a measuring channel 1 of a second measuring host, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable III winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B2 from the ground, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B2, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B1 from the storage tank B1, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B1, then winds a circle along the tank body in the storage tank B1, and finally returns to the measuring channel;
the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable IV is connected with a measuring channel 3 of a second measuring main machine, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable IV winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank A1 from the ground, then the temperature measuring optical cable descends to the ground along the storage tank A1, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank A2 from the storage tank A2, descends to the ground along the storage tank A2, and returns to a measuring channel 4 of the second measuring main machine.
The specific monitoring method comprises the following steps:
1) the corresponding relation between the arrangement length of the temperature measuring optical cable and the position on the storage tank is set in the monitoring controller in advance, and the position on the storage tank corresponding to each length position of the temperature measuring optical cable can be clearly known through the corresponding relation.
2) The monitoring controller controls the first measuring host and the second measuring host to start measuring channels, the measuring time of each channel of the measuring host is T1 second, the measuring channels are switched once every 1 second, the itinerant test is carried out among the measuring channels in a mode of switching an optical switch, and 4 seconds are a data acquisition period; of course, the value of T may also be set as desired;
in the 1 st second, the first measuring host acquires signals from the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable I in real time, the second measuring host acquires signals from the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable III in real time and transmits the acquired signals to the monitoring controller, the monitoring controller acquires the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measuring optical cable I and the temperature measuring optical cable III along the line in real time, the on-line monitoring of the storage tanks A1, A2, B1 and B2 is respectively realized, and the monitoring time period of all the storage tanks is 1 s;
at the 2 nd second, the first measuring host collects signals from the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable I in real time, the second measuring host collects signals from the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable III in real time, the collected signals are transmitted to the monitoring controller, the monitoring controller obtains the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measuring optical cable I and the temperature measuring optical cable III along the line in real time, and online monitoring of the storage tanks A1, A2, B1 and B2 is achieved respectively;
by analogy, the monitoring controller acquires the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measuring optical cable II and the temperature measuring optical cable IV along the line in real time in the 3 rd second and the 4 th second modes respectively;
the monitoring controller compares two times of temperature data of the same position of the same temperature measuring optical cable acquired in two consecutive seconds, if the temperature data difference is less than or equal to 2 ℃, no fire occurs, otherwise, a fire occurs;
in the case where no fire occurs:
if the difference of the two temperature data of the same position of the same temperature measuring optical cable in two consecutive seconds is more than or equal to 5 ℃, executing the step (3);
if the data collected for two consecutive seconds respectively correspond to the position and the temperature data of the tank top, the data are displayed on the monitoring controller, and meanwhile, a fault alarm is displayed;
if the temperature data are consistent, the monitoring system is normal, if the temperature data are inconsistent, the data are distorted, and the fault of the data distortion is judged,
after the monitoring controller executes a data acquisition period of 4 seconds, acquiring two times of temperature data of the same position acquired by 4 temperature measuring optical cables respectively, comparing the two times of temperature data of the same position acquired by each temperature measuring optical cable one by one, if the two times of temperature data are inconsistent, indicating the acquired data distortion, giving out which second and channel acquired temperature data are distortion data, executing 5-6 data acquisition periods, and judging the fault reason of the data distortion after 5-6 data are acquired.
3) The monitoring controller judges the equipment fault, and displays equipment fault alarm information on the monitoring controller if one of the first measuring host and the second measuring host or the measuring channel generates the equipment fault; and (4) if no measuring host and the measuring channel equipment thereof have faults, executing the step.
The fault judgment method comprises the following steps:
if a certain measuring channel of a certain measuring host computer does not acquire a signal within a specified time, judging that the measuring channel has a fault, and displaying fault alarm information of the measuring channel of the measuring host computer by a monitoring controller;
if a certain measuring host does not acquire signals in the monitoring period, the fault of the measuring host is judged, and the monitoring controller displays the fault alarm information of the measuring host.
For example: the first measurement host generates equipment faults and displays equipment fault alarm information on the monitoring controller; and in the second, if the first measuring host collects the temperature data, the first measuring host shows that the measuring channel 1 of the first measuring host breaks down, the monitoring controller displays the fault alarm information of the measuring channel 1 of the first measuring host, and if the first measuring host does not collect the temperature data within the period of 4 seconds, the first measuring host shows that the first measuring host breaks down, and the monitoring controller displays the fault alarm information of the first measuring host.
The monitoring controller collects data through 4 channels of 4 seconds in a full period, and can accurately report whether the fault of the main measuring machine or the fault information of the measuring channels exists.
4) The monitoring controller judges fiber breakage faults, the measuring host monitors the temperature measuring optical cables, if one temperature measuring optical cable has broken points or loses signals, the measuring host judges the accurate positions of the broken points of the temperature measuring optical cables or the accurate positions of the broken points of the temperature measuring optical cables which lose the signals through an Optical Time Domain Reflection (OTDR) technology, displays the positions on the monitoring controller and displays fiber breakage alarm fault information; and (4) if no fiber breaking fault exists, executing the step (2).
The measurement host monitors the temperature measuring optical cables, if a breakpoint fracture occurs on one temperature measuring optical cable, but temperature data of two continuous seconds at the same position can be obtained for 4 times in a data acquisition period of 4 seconds, the monitoring function is not affected, the measurement host judges the accurate position of the breakpoint fracture of the temperature measuring optical cable, displays the accurate position on the monitoring controller and simultaneously displays fiber breakage alarm fault information so that a worker can timely eliminate the fault, and the monitoring controller does not display the fiber breakage alarm fault information any more after the fault is relieved;
if more breakpoints occur again, so that the monitoring control cannot acquire 4 times of temperature data of the same position for two consecutive seconds within a period of 4 seconds, the phenomenon of signal loss is explained, the accurate position of the broken temperature measuring optical cable breakpoints losing signals is judged by the measuring host and displayed on the monitoring controller, and workers can repair the broken cables quickly, so that the monitoring equipment can enter a normal use state quickly, and the normal operation of monitoring work is ensured;
for example: the first measurement host judges the accurate position of the break point, displays the position on the monitoring controller and simultaneously displays fiber breakage alarm information; the monitoring controller can still obtain temperature data of the same position for 4 times and two continuous seconds in a data acquisition period of 4 seconds, the monitoring function is not influenced by fiber breakage until the fiber breakage fault of the temperature measuring optical cable I is removed, and the monitoring controller does not display alarm information and the breaking position of a break point;
if temperature measurement optical cable I appears 2, 3 individual breakpoint once more, set up more breakpoints, the detection controller can't obtain 4 times two continuous seconds's in same position temperature data in 4 second periods, then explain that temperature measurement optical cable I appears the breakpoint fracture and lead to the phenomenon of signal loss, the cracked accurate position of I breakpoint of temperature measurement optical cable is judged out to first measurement host computer, and show on the monitoring controller, I breakpoint fracture alarm information of temperature measurement optical cable demonstrates simultaneously, be convenient for the staff restores the disconnected cable fast, so that monitoring devices gets into normal use state rapidly, ensure the normal clear of monitoring work.
The method for judging the fiber breakage faults of the temperature measuring optical cable II, the temperature measuring optical cable III and the temperature measuring optical cable IV is the same as that of the temperature measuring optical cable I.
In order to save the cost of the temperature measuring optical cable and reduce the construction difficulty of the optical cable, the temperature measuring optical cable arranged between the tank body of the storage tank and the connecting storage tank adopts an all-metal optical cable structure, and the optical cables arranged in the penetrating pipes at the other parts all adopt a conventional multi-core communication optical cable structure. The all-metal optical cable structure is sequentially provided with a temperature sensing optical fiber 101, heat-conducting silicon oil 104, a seamless steel tube 102 and a stainless steel wire stranded layer 103 from inside to outside, and the temperature measuring optical cable of the all-metal optical cable structure has the advantages of high tensile strength and compressive strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, difficult aging, high response speed, difficult generation of static electricity in the construction process and the like, and can prevent mice from biting, so that the fiber breaking fault rate is greatly reduced, and the storage tank is a key monitoring object, so that the all-metal optical cable structure is preferably selected, as shown in fig. 2.
And the part between the storage tank area and the equipment area, namely between the storage tank and the measuring host is not a key monitoring object, so that the invention preferably adopts an 8-core GYXTW communication optical cable structure, and the optical cable cost is reduced and the optical cable construction is convenient by adopting the temperature measuring optical cable structure. And an 8-core GYXTW communication optical cable is respectively welded with the head end and the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cables I, II, III and IV of the all-metal optical cable structure at the inlet of the storage tank area, and the length of each measuring channel of the first measuring host and the second measuring host is about 2400m at the moment, so that the technical specification of the measuring hosts is met.
As shown in fig. 3, as the smaller the spatial resolution of the measurement host is, the better the spatial resolution of the measurement host is, or the length of the distribution of the temperature measuring optical cable in the unit space exceeds the length of the spatial resolution of the measurement host, the earlier fire can be identified, therefore, in order to improve the spatial resolution, the two ends of each meter of the temperature measuring optical cable are wound with two circles of 32 cm-diameter circular rings at intervals of one meter, the length of the two circles of circular rings of actual optical cables is about 2 meters, which exceeds the spatial resolution of the measurement host, the actual temperature measuring spatial resolution is improved to within 1m, the actual spatial resolution of the measurement host for measuring the temperature at the top of the oil tank is greatly improved, the earlier identification of the fire is facilitated, how many circles of optical cables are distributed in the best number calculated by the spatial resolution required by the actual measurement host, and the two circles of 32 cm-diameter circular.
In addition, the arrangement mode also increases the arrangement area of the optical cable, and the increased area occupies most of the area where the fire easily occurs, so that the method has a great effect on fire alarm identification in the early stage of small flame of the fire. Meanwhile, the fiber core of the temperature measuring optical cable with the all-metal optical cable structure is stretched due to expansion with heat and contraction with cold, so that the great relieving effect is achieved, the temperature measuring data distortion fault caused by the expansion with heat is avoided, and the temperature measuring accuracy is improved.
The staff can be equipped with a plurality of sets of monitoring systems according to the actual number of the oil storage tanks.
According to the existing national standard, the distributed optical fiber temperature measuring equipment for fire alarm can realize the following two specifications: 1)4 channels, each channel is 2.5km, and the measurement time of each channel is not more than 1 second; 2)2 channels, 5km per channel, measuring time per channel not exceeding 3 seconds. Because the itinerant measurement is carried out among the measurement channels by using the mode of switching the optical switch, equipment meeting the national standard of fire protection standards can be selected according to actual use requirements, and the measurement channels are long according to the wiring mode of the invention, and a plurality of storage tanks can be connected in series.
Claims (5)
1. A double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method for an oil storage tank comprises a first measuring host, a second measuring host, a temperature measurement optical cable I, a temperature measurement optical cable II, a temperature measurement optical cable III, a temperature measurement optical cable IV and a monitoring controller, wherein the measuring host is electrically connected with the monitoring controller through a connecting port and is used for monitoring the working state and real-time measurement data of the measuring host in real time; each measuring host is provided with 4 measuring channels; the temperature measuring optical cable is a temperature measuring multimode optical cable and is used for collecting the temperature distribution and the length along the optical cable; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable I is connected with a measuring channel 1 of a first measuring host, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable I winds a circle from the ground along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank A1 from the tank body of the storage tank A1, then the temperature measuring optical cable I winds a circle along the tank body of the storage tank A1 to the ground, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank A2 from the tank body of the storage tank A2, then the temperature measuring optical cable I winds a circle along the tank body of the storage tank A2 to the ground; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable II is connected with the measuring channel 3 of the first measuring host, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable II winds a circle from the ground along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank B1 from the tank body of the storage tank B1, then the temperature measuring optical cable II winds a circle along the tank body of the storage tank B1 to the ground, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the inner floating roof of the storage tank B2 from the tank body of the storage tank B2, and then returns to the measuring channel 4 of the first measuring host; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable III is connected with a measuring channel 1 of a second measuring host, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable III winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B2 from the ground, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B2, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B1 from the storage tank B1, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank B1, then winds a circle along the tank body in the storage tank B1, and finally returns to the measuring channel; the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable IV is connected with a measuring channel 3 of a second measuring host, the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable IV winds a circle from the ground along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank A1 from the tank body of the storage tank A1, then the temperature measuring optical cable descends to the ground along the storage tank A1, then winds a circle along the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof in the storage tank A2 from the tank body of the storage tank A2, descends to the ground along the storage tank A2, and returns to a measuring channel 4 of the second measuring host; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
1) presetting the corresponding relation between the laying length of the temperature measuring optical cable and the position on the storage tank in the monitoring controller;
2) the monitoring controller controls the first measuring host and the second measuring host to start measuring channels, the measuring time of each channel of the measuring host is T seconds, the switching is performed once every T seconds, the itinerant testing is performed between the measuring channels in a mode of switching an optical switch, and all 4 measuring channels are tested in turn to form a data acquisition period;
during the first T second, the first measuring host acquires signals from the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable I in real time, the second measuring host acquires signals from the head end of the temperature measuring optical cable III in real time and transmits the acquired signals to the monitoring controller, the monitoring controller acquires the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measuring optical cable I and the temperature measuring optical cable III along the line in real time, the online monitoring of the storage tanks A1, A2, B1 and B2 is respectively realized, and the monitoring time period of all the storage tanks is 1 s;
when the second time is T seconds, the first measuring host collects signals from the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable I in real time, the second measuring host collects signals from the tail end of the temperature measuring optical cable III in real time, the collected signals are transmitted to the monitoring controller, the monitoring controller obtains the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measuring optical cable I and the temperature measuring optical cable III along the line in real time, and online monitoring of the storage tanks A1, A2, B1 and B2 is achieved respectively;
and analogizing in sequence, and acquiring the temperature distribution and the length of the temperature measurement optical cable II and the temperature measurement optical cable IV along the line twice in real time by the monitoring controller according to the mode when the temperature is in the third T second and the fourth T second;
the monitoring controller compares two times of temperature data of the same position of the same temperature measuring optical cable acquired in two consecutive seconds, if the temperature data difference is less than or equal to 2 ℃, no fire occurs, otherwise, a fire occurs;
in the case where no fire occurs:
if the difference of the two temperature data of the same position of the same temperature measuring optical cable in two consecutive seconds is more than or equal to 5 ℃, executing the step (3);
if the data acquired in two consecutive seconds respectively correspond to the position of the tank top and the temperature data to be consistent, the monitoring system is normal, if the data are inconsistent, the data are distorted, and the fault of the data distortion is judged;
3) the monitoring controller judges the equipment fault, and if one of the first measuring host and the second measuring host or the measuring channel generates the equipment fault, equipment fault alarm information is displayed on the monitoring controller; if no measuring host and the measuring channel equipment thereof are in fault, executing the step (4);
4) the monitoring controller judges fiber breakage faults, the measuring host monitors the temperature measuring optical cables in real time, and if a breakpoint fracture or a loss signal occurs on one temperature measuring optical cable, the measuring host judges the accurate position of the breakpoint fracture of the temperature measuring optical cable or the accurate position of the breakpoint fracture of the temperature measuring optical cable losing the signal, displays the accurate position on the monitoring controller and displays fiber breakage alarm fault information; and (4) if no fiber breaking fault exists, executing the step (2).
2. The monitoring method of the oil storage tank double-machine real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the equipment fault judging method is as follows:
if a certain measuring channel of a certain measuring host computer does not acquire a signal within a specified time, judging that the measuring channel has a fault, and displaying fault alarm information of the measuring channel of the measuring host computer by a monitoring controller;
if a certain measuring host does not acquire signals in the monitoring period, the fault of the measuring host is judged, and the monitoring controller displays the fault alarm information of the measuring host.
3. The monitoring method of the oil storage tank dual-machine real-time monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step (1), after the monitoring controller executes a data acquisition cycle, the monitoring controller respectively acquires temperature data of two consecutive seconds at the same position acquired by 4 temperature measuring optical cables, compares the temperature data of two consecutive seconds at the same position acquired by each temperature measuring optical cable one by one, if the temperature data are not consistent, the acquired data are distorted, gives out which second and which channel the acquired temperature data are distorted data, executes a plurality of data acquisition cycles, and after the data are acquired for a plurality of times, judges the fault cause of the data distortion.
4. The oil storage tank double-machine temperature measurement real-time monitoring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature measurement optical cable arranged between the tank body of the storage tank and the connecting storage tank adopts an all-metal optical cable structure, the metal optical cable structure is filled with heat-conducting silicone oil, the temperature measurement optical cable between the storage tank and the measurement host adopts an 8-core GYXTW communication optical cable structure, and the 8-core GYXTW communication optical cable structure is welded with the head end and the tail end of the temperature measurement optical cable of the all-metal optical cable structure.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the optical cable for measuring temperature of the secondary sealing surface of the floating roof of the storage tank is wound around two rings with a diameter of 20-33cm every other meter.
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Application publication date: 20200922 |