CN111678806B - SHPB rock shear test device and method under normal stress condition - Google Patents
SHPB rock shear test device and method under normal stress condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678806B CN111678806B CN202010391471.5A CN202010391471A CN111678806B CN 111678806 B CN111678806 B CN 111678806B CN 202010391471 A CN202010391471 A CN 202010391471A CN 111678806 B CN111678806 B CN 111678806B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012031 short term test Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an SHPB rock shearing test device and method under normal stress conditions, comprising a rock test block, an alloy ring, a press, a strain gauge, a shearing cushion block, a supporting cushion block, an incident rod and a transmission rod, wherein the alloy ring is in a hollow circular ring shape, two opposite planes are arranged on the inner wall of the alloy ring, the distance between the two planes of the inner wall of the alloy ring is not smaller than the length of the rock test block, the press applies normal stress to the outer wall of the position of the two planes of the alloy ring, the strain gauge is attached to the alloy ring, and the incident rod and the transmission rod are used for applying shearing impact load to the rock test block. According to the invention, the alloy rings are adopted to apply positive stress at two ends of the rock test piece, then the SHPB (short-distance-rod-shaped) rod is adopted to apply shear impact load to the rock test piece, and the positive stress value of the alloy rings in the impact process can be quantitatively calculated by calibrating the stress-strain relation of the alloy rings, so that the shear strength of the rock material under a certain positive stress condition is determined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock material testing, relates to a device and a method for measuring dynamic shear strength of rock materials, and particularly relates to an SHPB rock shear test device and method under a normal stress condition.
Background
Rock material plays a very important role in actual engineering, and the surrounding rock of a water delivery tunnel, the dam foundation of a water conservancy dam and the like all utilize the stable mechanical properties of the rock material. However, these structures are extremely vulnerable to damage from seismic loading. When an earthquake happens, rock materials in a pressed state are subjected to the impact of earthquake load with high strain rate instantly, and shear cracks are easy to generate, so that hidden danger is brought to the safety of the structure. Therefore, testing the shear strength law of rock materials in compression is extremely important for structural safety assessment.
In order to test the damage of impact load to rock, an SHPB test device is generally adopted at present, but SHPB rock shearing test under a certain normal stress state is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the difficulty of carrying out an SHPB test under a positive stress state in the prior art, the invention provides an SHPB rock shear test device and method under a positive stress condition.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition, includes rock test block, alloy ring, press, foil gage, shearing cushion, supporting cushion, incident rod and transmission pole, the alloy ring is the empty ring shape in centre, the inner wall of alloy ring is equipped with two relative planes, the distance between two planes of alloy ring inner wall is not less than the length of rock test block, the press applys normal stress to the outer wall of alloy ring two planes place, the foil gage pastes on the alloy ring, the rock test block has carved with two recesses respectively at the front surface and the rear surface of both ends portion, the incident rod is located before the rock test block, the transmission pole is located behind the rock test block, shearing cushion installs at rock test block front surface, supporting cushion installs at rock test block rear surface, incident rod and transmission pole are used for applyingth shear impact load to the rock test block.
Further, the size of the shearing cushion block is the same as the size of the area between the two grooves on the front surface of the rock test block, and the shearing cushion block is tightly attached to the front surface of the rock test block.
Further, the installation surface of the supporting cushion block is provided with grooves, the size of the grooves of the supporting cushion block is the same as the size of the area between the two grooves of the rear surface of the rock test block, and two ends of the grooves of the supporting cushion block are tightly attached to the rear surface of the rock test block.
Further, the number of the strain gauges is four, and two strain gauges are respectively adhered to the inner side and the outer side of the alloy ring.
Further, the front surface groove and the rear surface groove of the same end of the rock test block are located on the same plane.
Further, the distance between the two planes of the inner wall of the alloy ring is equal to the length of the rock test block.
Further, the rock test block is of a cuboid structure, and the cross section of the rock test block is square.
A method for testing dynamic shear strength of rock under a pre-stressed condition based on SHPB (short-term test), comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a rock test block to be tested according to the size of an alloy ring and the rod diameter size of an incident rod and a transmission rod;
step two, sticking strain gauges on the inner side and the outer side of the alloy ring, applying different tensile loads to the alloy ring by using a press, testing corresponding strain values, and calibrating the stress-strain relation of the alloy ring;
placing the rock test block into the alloy ring, enabling two end faces of the rock test block to face two planes of the inner wall of the alloy ring, controlling the press to apply positive pressure to the outer wall of the alloy ring, enabling the force application direction to be the length direction of the rock test block, and enabling the rock test block to be clamped by the alloy ring and pre-stressed;
step four, placing an alloy ring in an SHPB device test block area, mounting a shearing cushion block on the front surface of a rock test block, mounting a supporting cushion block on the rear surface of the rock test block, and positioning an incidence rod in front of the shearing cushion block and a transmission rod behind the supporting cushion block;
step five, applying impact load to the rock test block by adopting SHPB, recording the measuring result of the strain gauge, calculating the average normal stress and the average shearing stress suffered by the rock test block,
wherein ,the rock test block is subjected to an average normal stress, < + >>To the average shear stress of the rock test block, F r The pre-pressing load value of the alloy ring on the rock test piece is that A is the cross section area of the rock test piece bearing the pressing load, F s Is the impact load value of SHPB.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the device applies positive pressure on the outer wall of the metal ring by adopting a press, applies positive pressure on two ends of a rock test piece, then applies shear impact load on the rock test piece by adopting an SHPB rod, and can quantitatively calculate the positive stress value of the alloy ring in the impact process by calibrating the stress-strain relation of the alloy ring, thereby determining the shear strength of the rock material under certain positive stress condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an alloy ring and rock test block installation assembly;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the alloy ring and rock block mounting assembly A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of an alloy ring with a rock test block, an incident rod, a transmission rod, a shear block and a support block;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock test block;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a press applying positive stress to an alloy ring;
in the figure, a rock test block 1, an alloy ring 2, a strain gauge 3, a shearing cushion block 4, a supporting cushion block 5, an incidence rod 6, a transmission rod 7, a groove 8 and a press machine 9.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
As shown in fig. 3, an SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress conditions includes a rock test block 1, an alloy ring 2, a strain gauge 3, a shear block 4, a spacer block 5, an incident beam 6, a transmission beam 7, and a press 9 (press 9 is shown in fig. 5). As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the alloy ring 2 is in a hollow circular shape, the inner wall of the alloy ring 2 is provided with two opposite planes, the distance between the two planes in the alloy ring 2 is not smaller than the length of the rock test block 1, otherwise, the rock test block 1 is not installed, and preferably can be slightly larger than or equal to the length of the rock test block 1, so that the rock test block 1 can be just installed, and when the press 9 applies force on the outer wall of the alloy ring 2, normal stress can be generated on the rock test block 1, the strain gauge 3 is attached to the alloy ring 2, the strain gauge 3 is four, and two strain gauges 3 are respectively attached to the inner side and the outer side of the alloy ring 2 and used for measuring the strain value of the corresponding alloy ring 2 under different loads and calibrating the pressure-strain relation of the alloy ring. As shown in fig. 4, the rock test block 1 selected in this embodiment has a rectangular structure with a square cross section, and the dimensions are 50mm×50mm×94mm, and can be actually determined according to the diameters of the alloy ring 2 and the transmission rod 7 of the incident rod 6. The front surface and the back surface of the two ends of the rock test block 1 are respectively carved with two grooves 8 with the depth of 9mm and the width of 3mm, the carved grooves are used for limiting the shearing damage positions, and the front surface grooves and the back surface grooves of the same end of the rock test block 1 are positioned on the same plane, namely the shearing plane. The incidence rod 6 is positioned in front of the rock test block 1, the transmission rod 7 is positioned behind the rock test block 1, the shearing cushion block 4 is arranged on the front surface of the rock test block 1, the supporting cushion block 5 is arranged on the rear surface of the rock test block 1, and the incidence rod 6 and the transmission rod 7 are used for applying shearing impact load to the rock test block 1. The size of the shearing cushion block 4 is the same as the size of the area between the two grooves on the front surface of the rock test block 1, and the shearing cushion block 4 is tightly attached to the area between the two grooves on the front surface of the rock test block 1. The installation face of the supporting cushion block 5 is provided with grooves, the size of the grooves of the supporting cushion block 5 is the same as the size of the area between the two grooves of the rear surface of the rock test block 1, and two ends of the grooves of the supporting cushion block 5 are tightly attached to the outer side areas of the two grooves of the rear surface of the rock test block 1.
A method for testing dynamic shear strength of rock under a pre-stressed condition based on SHPB (short-term test), comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a rock test block to be tested according to the size of an alloy ring and the rod diameter size of an incident rod and a transmission rod;
step two, sticking strain gauges on the inner side and the outer side of the alloy ring, applying different tensile loads to the alloy ring by using a press, testing corresponding strain values, and calibrating the stress-strain relation of the alloy ring;
placing the rock test block into the alloy ring, enabling two end faces of the rock test block to face two planes of the inner wall of the alloy ring, and controlling the press to apply positive pressure to the outer wall of the alloy ring, wherein the application direction is the length direction of the rock test block, so that the rock test block is clamped by the alloy ring and is pre-stressed;
step four, placing an alloy ring in an SHPB device test block area, mounting a shearing cushion block on the front surface of a rock test block, mounting a supporting cushion block on the rear surface of the rock test block, and positioning an incidence rod in front of the shearing cushion block and a transmission rod behind the supporting cushion block;
step five, applying impact load to the rock test block by adopting SHPB, recording the measuring result of the strain gauge, calculating the average normal stress and the average shearing stress suffered by the rock test block,
wherein ,the rock test block is subjected to an average normal stress, < + >>To the average shear stress of the rock test block, F r The pre-pressing load value of the alloy ring on the rock test piece is that A is the cross section area of the rock test piece bearing the pressing load, F s Is the impact load value of SHPB. />
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition, a serial communication port, including rock test block, alloy ring, press, foil gage, shearing cushion, supporting cushion, incident bar and transmission pole, the alloy ring is the hollow ring shape in the middle, the inner wall of alloy ring is equipped with two planes relatively, the distance between two planes of alloy ring inner wall is not less than the length of rock test block, the press is exerted normal stress to the outer wall of alloy ring two planes position, the foil gage pastes on the alloy ring, utilize the press to exert different tensile load to the alloy ring, test corresponding strain value, the stress-strain relation of alloy ring is calibrated, the rock test block is carved with two recesses respectively at the front surface and the rear surface of both ends, the incident bar is located before the rock test block, the transmission pole is located after the rock test block, shearing cushion installs at rock test block front surface, supporting cushion installs at rock test block rear surface, incident bar and transmission pole are used for exerting shear impact load to the rock test block.
2. The SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition of claim 1, wherein the size of the shear pad is the same as the size of the area between the two grooves of the front surface of the rock test block, and the shear pad is closely attached to the front surface of the rock test block.
3. The SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the mounting surface of the spacer block is provided with a groove, the size of the groove of the spacer block is the same as the size of the area between the two grooves on the rear surface of the rock test block, and both ends of the groove of the spacer block are tightly attached to the rear surface of the rock test block.
4. The SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein there are four strain gages, two strain gages being attached to each of the inner and outer sides of the alloy ring.
5. The SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the front surface recess and the rear surface recess of the same end of the rock test block are located on the same plane.
6. The SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance between two planes of the inner wall of the alloy ring is equal to the length of the rock test block.
7. The SHPB rock shear test device under normal stress condition according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the rock test block has a rectangular parallelepiped structure and a square cross section.
8. The method for testing the dynamic shear strength of the rock under the condition of pre-applied positive stress based on the SHPB is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, preparing a rock test block to be tested according to the size of an alloy ring and the rod diameter size of an incident rod and a transmission rod;
step two, sticking strain gauges on the inner side and the outer side of the alloy ring, applying different tensile loads to the alloy ring by using a press, testing corresponding strain values, and calibrating the stress-strain relation of the alloy ring;
placing the rock test block into the alloy ring, enabling two end faces of the rock test block to face two planes of the inner wall of the alloy ring, controlling the press to apply positive pressure to the outer wall of the alloy ring, enabling the force application direction to be the length direction of the rock test block, and enabling the rock test block to be clamped by the alloy ring and pre-stressed;
step four, placing an alloy ring in an SHPB device test block area, mounting a shearing cushion block on the front surface of a rock test block, mounting a supporting cushion block on the rear surface of the rock test block, and positioning an incidence rod in front of the shearing cushion block and a transmission rod behind the supporting cushion block;
step five, applying impact load to the rock test block by adopting SHPB, recording the measuring result of the strain gauge, calculating the average normal stress and the average shearing stress suffered by the rock test block,
wherein ,
is subjected to an average positive stress on the rock test block,
to the average shear stress of the rock test block, F r The pre-pressing load value of the alloy ring on the rock test piece is that A is the cross section area of the rock test piece bearing the pressing load, F s Is the impact load value of SHPB.
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CN114818340B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-06-21 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method for obtaining physical equivalent strength of heterogeneous rock under strong impact load |
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