CN111678697B - Method and device for monitoring state of ship tail shaft - Google Patents
Method and device for monitoring state of ship tail shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678697B CN111678697B CN202010570771.XA CN202010570771A CN111678697B CN 111678697 B CN111678697 B CN 111678697B CN 202010570771 A CN202010570771 A CN 202010570771A CN 111678697 B CN111678697 B CN 111678697B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for monitoring the state of a ship tail shaft. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: acquiring displacement data and average pressure data of a preset position of a target tail shaft; inversely calculating the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft according to the obtained displacement data and the average pressure data; acquiring a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft; and determining a state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the relative inclination angle normal interval and the relative inclination angle data. The device comprises a monitoring data acquisition module, a monitoring data processing module, an evaluation data acquisition module and a state monitoring result determination module which are used for respectively realizing the four steps. According to the method and the device for monitoring the state of the ship tail shaft, the problem that the state of the rear bearing of the ship tail shaft cannot be dynamically evaluated, monitored and alarmed accurately in real time in the prior art can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship monitoring, and particularly relates to a method and a device for monitoring the state of a ship tail shaft.
Background
The ship propulsion system is an important component of a ship power device and is directly related to the normal navigation of a ship. In the ship construction process, the ship shafting is reasonably corrected and calculated, and the bearing load is reasonably distributed by adjusting the height of the bearing position, so that the ship shafting-based thrust system is an important guarantee for the safety of the propulsion system in the whole operation process of the ship. In each bearing of the ship shafting, the load of the rear bearing of the tail shaft cannot be directly measured by a jacking method, the contact surface between the bearing and the shaft neck cannot be checked, and the state cannot be directly evaluated. In recent years, high temperature and abnormal abrasion accidents of ship tail bearings occur in new ships, and most of the accidents are caused by that the local load or the end load of a shaft sleeve exceeds the bearing capacity when the ship tail bearings run at full speed under extreme severe sea conditions or under large rudder angles, and the relative inclination angle of the tail shafts and the tail shaft rear bearings exceeds a normal interval, so that oil films are damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to study partial centering of the rear bearing of the tail shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the prior art cannot dynamically evaluate, monitor and alarm the state of a rear bearing of a tail shaft of a ship in real time and accurately.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method and a device for monitoring the state of a tail shaft of a ship.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a state monitoring method of a stern shaft of a ship, the state monitoring method including the steps of:
acquiring displacement data and average pressure data of a preset position of a target tail shaft;
inversely calculating the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft according to the displacement data and the average pressure data;
acquiring a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft;
and determining a state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the normal interval of the relative inclination angle and the relative inclination angle data.
And the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft is the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft and the tail shaft rear bearing.
Preferably, the step of acquiring the displacement data and the average pressure data of the target tail shaft at the predetermined position comprises:
acquiring a displacement signal and a mean pressure signal of a preset position of the tail shaft in real time;
filtering the displacement signal and the average pressure signal;
and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered displacement signal and the average pressure signal.
Preferably, in the step of acquiring the displacement signal and the average pressure signal of the tail shaft at the preset position in real time, the displacement signal and the average pressure signal of the head sealing area of the tail shaft are acquired.
Preferably, the step of acquiring a normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft includes:
determining a theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
correcting the theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to the actual measurement data of the installation and centering stage of the tail shaft to obtain a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft which is corrected for once;
correcting the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft along with the working condition of the ship to obtain the mapping relation between the secondary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship;
and correcting the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft along with the sinking amount of the tail shaft to obtain the mapping relation between the relative inclination angle normal interval of the tertiary correction of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft.
Preferably, the step of determining the theoretical normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the shafting alignment calculation book of the ship comprises:
determining an allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft according to original data in a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
and determining a theoretical normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft.
Preferably, the operating conditions of the vessel include a buoyancy state, a draft state and a ballast state of the vessel.
Preferably, the mapping relationship between the normal interval of the three corrected relative inclination angles of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft is stored in a cloud server.
Preferably, the step of determining a state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the normal interval of the relative inclination angle and the relative inclination angle data includes:
judging whether the relative inclination angle data is in the relative inclination angle normal interval or not;
when the judgment result is yes, determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is normal;
and when the judgment result is negative, determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is abnormal.
Preferably, after the step of determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is a state abnormality, the method further includes:
and sending alarm information of tail shaft state abnormity to the outside.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a condition monitoring device for a stern shaft of a ship, the condition monitoring device comprising:
and the monitoring data acquisition module is used for acquiring displacement data and average pressure data of a preset position of the target tail shaft.
The monitoring data processing module is used for inversely calculating the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft according to the displacement data and the average pressure data;
the evaluation data acquisition module is used for acquiring a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft;
and the state monitoring result determining module is used for determining the state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the relative inclination angle normal interval and the relative inclination angle data.
According to the method and the device for monitoring the state of the ship tail shaft, the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft and the tail shaft rear bearing is inversely calculated according to the displacement data and the average pressure data of the preset position of the tail shaft, the real-time relative inclination angle of the tail shaft is compared with the normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft to determine the state monitoring result of the tail shaft, and the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft can reflect the load of the tail shaft rear bearing, so that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft can correspondingly reflect whether the load of the tail shaft rear bearing is in the normal interval.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for monitoring the condition of a stern shaft of a ship according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a state monitoring device of a ship tail shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Example (b): the present embodiment is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for monitoring a state of a stern shaft of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for monitoring the state of the stern shaft of a ship according to the embodiment includes the steps of:
s101, obtaining displacement data and average pressure data of a preset position of a target tail shaft;
s102, inversely calculating relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft according to the displacement data and the average pressure data;
s103, acquiring a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft;
and S104, determining a state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the normal interval of the relative inclination angle and the relative inclination angle data.
In this embodiment, step S101 includes:
acquiring a displacement signal and a mean pressure signal of a preset position of the tail shaft in real time;
filtering the displacement signal and the average pressure signal;
and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered displacement signal and the average pressure signal.
The displacement signal after analog-to-digital conversion is displacement data of a preset position of the target tail shaft, and the average pressure signal after analog-to-digital conversion is average pressure data of the preset position of the target tail shaft.
And in the step of acquiring the displacement signal and the average pressure signal of the tail shaft at the preset position in real time, acquiring the displacement signal and the average pressure signal of the head sealing area of the tail shaft.
In the present embodiment, step S103 includes:
determining a theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
correcting the theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to the actual measurement data of the installation and centering stage of the tail shaft to obtain a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft which is corrected for once;
and the measured data of the installation and centering stage of the tail shaft comprises offset and jacking load.
Correcting the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft along with the working condition of the ship to obtain the mapping relation between the secondary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship;
and correcting the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft along with the sinking amount of the tail shaft to obtain the mapping relation between the relative inclination angle normal interval of the tertiary correction of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft.
The step of determining the theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to the shafting alignment calculation book of the ship comprises the following steps:
determining an allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft according to original data in a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
and determining a theoretical normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft.
The working conditions of the ship comprise the floating state, the draught state and the ballast of the ship.
And storing the mapping relation between the three corrected normal intervals of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft in a cloud server.
In this embodiment, the step of determining the state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the normal interval of the relative inclination angle and the relative inclination angle data includes:
judging whether the relative inclination angle data is in the relative inclination angle normal interval or not;
when the judgment result is yes, determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is normal;
and when the judgment result is negative, determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is abnormal.
In this embodiment, after the step of determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is a state abnormality, the method further includes:
and sending alarm information of tail shaft state abnormity to the outside.
The method for monitoring the state of the stern shaft of the ship in the embodiment is implemented based on a corresponding device for monitoring the state of the stern shaft of the ship, fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of the device for monitoring the state of the stern shaft of the ship according to the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the device for monitoring the state of the stern shaft of the ship comprises:
and the monitoring data acquisition module is used for acquiring displacement data and average pressure data of a preset position of the target tail shaft.
The monitoring data processing module is used for inversely calculating the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft according to the displacement data and the average pressure data;
the evaluation data acquisition module is used for acquiring a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft;
and the state monitoring result determining module is used for determining the state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the relative inclination angle normal interval and the relative inclination angle data.
In this embodiment, the monitoring data acquisition module includes a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, a first filter, a second filter, a first a/D converter and a second a/D converter, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are both installed on a steel casting in a head seal area of a ship tail shaft, the displacement sensor is connected with the monitoring data processing module sequentially through the first filter and the first a/D converter, and the pressure sensor is connected with the monitoring data processing module sequentially through the second filter and the second a/D converter.
In the embodiment, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are both arranged on the steel casting in the head sealing area of the tail shaft of the ship, the rigidity of the steel casting is relatively stable, the influence of deformation of the ship body is small, and the radial displacement of the tail shaft and the average pressure of the tail shaft can be truly reflected.
In this embodiment, the monitoring data processing module, the evaluation data acquiring module, and the state monitoring result determining module are all implemented on the basis of a computer.
The state monitoring devices of boats and ships tailshaft of this embodiment carries out data interaction with the high in the clouds server based on evaluation data acquisition module, on the one hand, in daily monitoring, through the accumulation of the relative inclination data of tailshaft under different boats and ships float attitude, draft state and the ballast, the high in the clouds server has a process of independently studying the renewal, carries out data classification to the relative inclination data of tailshaft under different boats and ships float attitude, draft state and the ballast to give the relative inclination normal interval of the tailshaft under the different boats and ships operating mode, promptly the relative inclination normal interval of the secondary correction of tailshaft with the mapping relation of the operating mode of boats and ships.
On the other hand, in the process of long-term operation of the ship, the abrasion of the bearing bush and the tail shaft occurs sometimes, and the influence of the change of the sinking amount of the tail shaft on the contact area is considered in the abrasion range of the operation of the tail shaft and the bearing bush, so that the monitoring alarm interval of the tail shaft in different operation stages is dynamically adjusted, and the mapping relation between the three times of corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft, the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft is obtained.
The state monitoring device for the ship tail shaft further comprises a monitoring alarm module, and the monitoring alarm module is used for sending alarm information of tail shaft state abnormity to the outside when the state monitoring result determining module determines that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is abnormal.
The state monitoring method and device for the ship tail shaft further have the following beneficial effects:
1. the method is beneficial to calibrating the state of the tail shaft in the ship shafting alignment stage, and the reliability and the stability of the tail shaft operation are improved.
2. The relative inclination angle of the tail shaft is obtained by measuring the relative displacement of the tail shaft and the change of the average pressure and by real-time conversion, so that the real-time monitoring of the state of a ship shafting is facilitated, dynamic correction of monitoring parameters is continuously performed, and important references are provided for ship control and remote monitoring.
3. Based on the industry standard and the specification requirement, the relative displacement (relative inclination angle) is limited, if the ship continuously exceeds the limited range, the sound and light alarm is given out in time.
Compared with the prior art, the ship tail shaft state monitoring method and the ship tail shaft state monitoring device have the advantages that the method for monitoring the ship shafting state by adopting pressure and displacement mutual correction is firstly provided, the reliability of monitoring data is greatly improved, meanwhile, the operation modes of intelligent shafting state monitoring, autonomous learning correction, dynamic parameter correction and cloud remote processing are firstly provided, and technical support is provided for intelligent and unmanned operation of ships, so that the high-temperature risk of the ship shafting is further reduced, and the stability and the reliability of the ship operation are improved.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. A state monitoring method of a ship tail shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring displacement data and average pressure data of a preset position of a target tail shaft;
inversely calculating the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft according to the displacement data and the average pressure data;
acquiring a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft;
determining a state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the relative inclination angle normal interval and the relative inclination angle data;
the step of obtaining the relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft comprises the following steps:
determining a theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
correcting the theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to the actual measurement data of the installation and centering stage of the tail shaft to obtain a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft which is corrected for once;
correcting the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft along with the working condition of the ship to obtain the mapping relation between the secondary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship;
correcting the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft along with the sinking amount of the tail shaft to obtain the mapping relation between the relative inclination angle normal interval of the tertiary correction of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft;
the step of determining the theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to the shafting alignment calculation book of the ship comprises the following steps:
determining an allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft according to original data in a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
and determining a theoretical normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft.
2. The method for monitoring the state of the stern shaft of a ship according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the displacement data and the mean pressure data of the target stern shaft at the predetermined position comprises:
acquiring a displacement signal and a mean pressure signal of a preset position of the tail shaft in real time;
filtering the displacement signal and the average pressure signal;
and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the filtered displacement signal and the average pressure signal.
3. The method for monitoring the condition of the stern shaft of a ship according to claim 2, wherein in the step of acquiring the displacement signal and the average pressure signal at the predetermined position of the stern shaft in real time, the displacement signal and the average pressure signal of the head seal region of the stern shaft are acquired.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating conditions of the vessel include a buoyancy state, a draft state, and a ballast state of the vessel.
5. The method for monitoring the state of the tail shaft of the ship according to claim 4, wherein the mapping relation between the normal interval of the three corrected relative inclination angles of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft is stored in a cloud server.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the state monitoring result of the stern shaft based on the normal interval of the relative inclination angle and the data of the relative inclination angle comprises:
judging whether the relative inclination angle data is in the relative inclination angle normal interval or not;
when the judgment result is yes, determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is normal;
and when the judgment result is negative, determining that the state monitoring result of the tail shaft is abnormal.
7. The method for monitoring the state of the stern shaft of a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising, after the step of determining that the state monitoring result of the stern shaft is a state abnormality:
and sending alarm information of tail shaft state abnormity to the outside.
8. A state monitoring device of a ship tail shaft is characterized by comprising:
the monitoring data acquisition module is used for acquiring displacement data and average pressure data of a preset position of the target tail shaft;
the monitoring data processing module is used for inversely calculating the relative inclination angle data of the tail shaft according to the displacement data and the average pressure data;
the evaluation data acquisition module is used for acquiring a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft;
the step of obtaining the relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft comprises the following steps:
determining a theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
correcting the theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to the actual measurement data of the installation and centering stage of the tail shaft to obtain a relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft which is corrected for once;
correcting the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the primary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft along with the working condition of the ship to obtain the mapping relation between the secondary corrected normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship;
correcting the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft according to the change relation of the relative inclination angle normal interval of the secondary correction of the tail shaft along with the sinking amount of the tail shaft to obtain the mapping relation between the relative inclination angle normal interval of the tertiary correction of the tail shaft and the working condition of the ship and the sinking amount of the tail shaft;
the step of determining the theoretical relative inclination angle normal interval of the tail shaft according to the shafting alignment calculation book of the ship comprises the following steps:
determining an allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft according to original data in a shafting alignment calculation book of the ship;
determining a theoretical normal interval of the relative inclination angle of the tail shaft according to the allowable dynamic range of the tail shaft;
and the state monitoring result determining module is used for determining the state monitoring result of the tail shaft according to the relative inclination angle normal interval and the relative inclination angle data.
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| CN202010570771.XA CN111678697B (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Method and device for monitoring state of ship tail shaft |
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| CN202010570771.XA CN111678697B (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Method and device for monitoring state of ship tail shaft |
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| CN106202666A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-12-07 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of computational methods of marine shafting bearing adjustment of displacement |
| CN206235872U (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-06-09 | 中交四航局第三工程有限公司 | A kind of real-time 3D remote supervision systems of attitude of ship |
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