CN107588952A - A kind of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing - Google Patents
A kind of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing, belong to marine propulsion shafting dynamic load technical field of measurement and test.Using radio frequency resistance foil gauge collection section strain, wireless signal transmission node is connected by terminal, wireless strain transmitting node is fastened on shafting surface, rotated with axle.Synchronous remote-wireless base station receives the strain signal of wireless strain transmitting node.Utilize magnetic sensitive angle sensor measuring strain angle.Using fast Fourier transform analysis strain signal, design digital filter is handled strain signal, obtains the equilibrium equation of the moment of flexure in each section of shafting, adhesion and moment of flexure, Ship ' shafting dynamic load and azimuth.The inventive method compensate for the defects of seal area that transverse bulkhead is separated by can not carry out measurement, after the stern pipe for making easily to break down the measurement of bearing be achieved；This method not only vertical load of measurable bearing, also measurable lateral load and azimuth, easy to operate, stability is higher, and applicability is preferable, and versatility is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of measuring method of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load, belongs to marine propulsion shafting dynamic load
Technical field of measurement and test.
Background technology
With the maximization of shipbuilding, shaft alignment quality requirement more and more higher, therefore shaft load measurement precision
It is required that also more and more higher, this facilitate shaft load measuring quantifier elimination.Method is all simply examined in Resonable alignment and school before
Operating mode when worry marine shafting is static, dynamic factor during marine shafting operating is not involved with, bearing load measurement now
And bearing static load.Method on bearing load measurement probably has three kinds, i.e. dynamometry measurement Load Method, liquid both at home and abroad
Press jack top to lift and survey Load Method and strain gage testing bearing moment of flexure and load scaling method.
Dynamometry measurement Load Method presses the difference of dynamometer, can be divided into two kinds：Spring dynamometry measures Load Method and electronic, horological
Power measures Load Method.Dynamometry is relatively simple, slings shafting with dynamometer and comes to nothing, and directly can obtain load by instrument
Value, but its measurement accuracy is not high, and can only be measured in the case where intermediate bearing not yet fastens, intermediate bearing can only be measured.
With the maximization of shipbuilding, the limitation of dynamometry is aobvious.
At present, mainly lifted by hydraulic jack top and survey Load Method and electric resistance strain film method to measure shafting load.Hydraulic pressure
It is to be jacked up axle by the hydraulic jack laid near bearing that jack top, which is lifted and surveys Load Method, and phase is recorded with pressure sensor
The support load answered, amesdial record axle rise, curve calculated load is lifted on generation top influences number, is asked by reaction influence number
Obtain bearing load.But in the Ship Structure of part sealing, the rear bearing of such as double tail bearings, the act of hydraulic jack top is surveyed negative
Lotus method can not be deployed to measure.Resistance strain gage rule solves this problem well.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as that ship's navigation middle (center) bearing sharing of load is bad, optimize marine shafting Dynamic alignment, the present invention
A kind of measuring method of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load is proposed, so as to realize that operation middle (center) bearing actual to ship bears load
Measurement, improve each loading ability of bearing situation, it is ensured that the reasonable distribution of bearing load, so as to ensureing shafting long-term safety normal fortune
OK, the shipping transport life-span is improved.
Technical scheme：
A kind of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing, step are as follows：
In shafting dynamic load test process, using radio frequency resistance foil gauge collection section strain, connected by terminal
Wireless signal transmission node, wireless strain transmitting node is fastened on shafting surface, rotated with axle.Synchronous remote-wireless
Base station receives the strain signal that wireless strain transmitting node issues.Meanwhile utilize magnetic sensitive angle sensor measuring strain angle.
Using fast Fourier transform analysis strain signal, design digital filter carries out signal transacting to strain signal, obtains shafting
The equilibrium equation of the moment of flexure in each section, adhesion and moment of flexure, calculate marine shafting dynamic load and azimuth；Methods described bag
Include the following steps：
(1) arrangement of radio frequency resistance foil gauge and measurement：Radio frequency resistance foil gauge is pasted onto away from quilt using half-bridge connection method
Survey at 50~200mm of bearing face of axle；Wireless strain transmitting node is fastened on measured axis surface, passes through terminal and radio frequency resistance
Foil gauge connects, and is rotated with measured axis；Synchronous remote-wireless base station receives answering for the transmission of wireless strain transmitting node
Varying signal, then strain signal is transmitted to computer；
(2) installation and measurement of angle measurement unit：First, magnetic sensitive angle sensor is arranged on the level by measured axis
On support；Then, rotating measured axis makes radio frequency resistance foil gauge normal position, and magnet is installed in position on measured axis；It is tested
For axle in rotation process, magnetic sensitive angle sensor gathers the angle signal of magnet, and angle signal is transmitted to computer；
The measurement of strain signal and the measurement of angle signal are synchronous, and ensure synchronous remote-wireless base station signal indicator lamp
Normal display；
(3) Time-Frequency Analysis is carried out to the strain signal of collection using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), according to the signal of analysis into
Part design digital filter, filters out the interference signal in strain signal, obtains more real strain data；
(4) maximum strain can be obtained by strain data, its formula is：
In formula：A is maximum strain, N is measured axis rotating speed, FsFor sample frequency, εiFor strain value at the i-th measuring point.
(5) azimuth corresponding to maximum strain can (2) formula obtain：
In formula：δ is the corresponding azimuth of maximum strain (peak load), a is maximum strain, ε1For strain value at the 1st measuring point.
(6) calculating of section turn moment：With reference to some modifying factors in actual measure, bending stress is first tried to achieve by (3) formula,
Measured point section turn moment is tried to achieve by (4) formula again；
Bending stress：σ=± Ea β/C (3)
Bending moment：M=± W σ (4)
In formula：W is bending resistant section coefficient, E is modulus of elasticity, β is circuit correction factor, C is that (half-bridge connects bridge arm coefficient
C=2).
(7) after obtaining each section turn moment, in conjunction with the equilibrium equation of power and moment of flexure, the dynamic load of each bearing is calculated,
Azimuth can be obtained by above-mentioned (2) formula simultaneously.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
This marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing has the following advantages that：
(1) the defects of seal area that transverse bulkhead is separated by can not carry out measurement is compensate for compared to tradition top act method, this method,
The measurement of bearing is achieved after the stern pipe for making to be easiest to break down；
(2) this method considers the various dynamic effects factors in vessel motion and their coupling influence, measurement
As a result ship loading ability of bearing situation can be more accurately reflected, and survey can be realized for the dynamic load under the various operating modes of ship
Amount；
(3) this method can not only measure the vertical load of bearing, can also measure lateral load and azimuth, operation side
Just, stability is higher, and applicability is preferable, and versatility is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that strain signal hardware collecting flowchart diagram is intended to.
Fig. 2 is strain signal filtering flow chart.
Fig. 3 is the vertical force diagram of tailing axle leading portion.
Fig. 4 is the vertical force diagram of tailing axle back segment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technical scheme, embodiment of the invention is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 shows that strain signal hardware collecting flowchart diagram is intended to.Strained using radio frequency resistance foil gauge collection section,
Wireless signal transmission node is connected by terminal, wireless strain transmitting node is fastened on shafting surface, rotated with axle.Together
Step remote-wireless base station receives the strain signal that wireless strain transmitting node issues.It is original to obtain each section under shafting dynamic
Strain value.Meanwhile utilize magnetic sensitive angle sensor measuring strain angle.Obtain strain angle data.
Fig. 2 is that strain signal filters flow chart, and frequency-domain analysis is carried out to original strain signal using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT),
According to analyze come signal component, determine wave filter design parameter, generate suitable digital filter to strain signal carry out
Signal transacting, the interference signals such as vibration, white noise are filtered out, obtain the accurate strain data in each section of shafting.
After obtaining maximum strain and its azimuth, the equilibrium equation of section turn moment, adhesion and moment of flexure is calculated, calculates ship
Oceangoing ship shafting dynamic load and azimuth；Methods described comprises the following steps：
(a) arrangement of radio frequency resistance foil gauge and stickup, strain gauge adhesion typically the bearing face 50 away from measured axis~
At 200mm, foil gauge uses half-bridge connection method；
(b) wireless strain transmitting node is fastened on measured axis surface, is connected by terminal with radio frequency resistance foil gauge, with quilt
Axle is surveyed to rotate together；
(c) synchronous remote-wireless base station receives the strain signal of the transmission of wireless strain transmitting node, then strain is believed
Number transmit to computer；
(d) magnetic sensitive angle sensor is arranged on the horizontal stand by shafting；
(e) rotating measured axis makes radio frequency resistance foil gauge normal position, and magnet is installed in measured axis position directly above；
(f) magnetic sensitive angle sensor switch is opened, for measured axis in rotation process, magnetic sensitive angle sensor gathers magnet
Angle signal, and angle signal is transmitted to computer, it is ensured that angle-data and strain data collection；
(g) Time-Frequency Analysis is carried out to the strain signal of collection using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), according to the signal of analysis into
The digital filter that part is designed correctly, filters out the interference signal in strain signal, obtains more real strain data；
(h) maximum strain can be obtained by strain data, its formula is as follows：
In formula：A is maximum strain, N is measured axis rotating speed, FsFor sample frequency, εiFor strain value at the i-th measuring point.
(i) azimuth corresponding to maximum strain can following formula obtain：
In formula：δ is the corresponding azimuth of maximum strain (peak load), a is maximum strain, ε1For strain value at the 1st measuring point.
(j) calculating of section turn moment：With reference to some modifying factors in actual measure, it is curved that measured point is tried to achieve by following two formula
Transverse stress and section turn moment；
Bending stress：σ=± Ea β/C
Bending moment：M=± W σ
In formula：W is bending resistant section coefficient, E is modulus of elasticity, β is circuit correction factor, C is that (half-bridge connects bridge arm coefficient
C=2).
(k) after obtaining each section turn moment, in conjunction with the equilibrium equation of power and moment of flexure, calculate each bearing dynamic load and
Azimuth.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is respectively the vertical force diagram of tailing axle leading portion and back segment, and dynamic load calculation process is as follows：
CD sections, obtained by the equalising torque of D points：
M1x-M2x-Q6q6+F1zL1=0 (5)
Abbreviation obtains：
Tailing axle section, obtained by stress balance equation：
R1z=F1z+P1+P2+Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4+Q5 (7)
Obtained again by the equalising torque of C points：
Bring formula (6) abbreviation into and obtain position of the fulcrum：
In formula, Q1~Q6 is shaft part weight, and q1~q6 is the distance in shaft part distance of centre of gravity C-terminal face, and P1 is that propeller concentrates weight
Amount, P2 are flange weight, x1Distance for flange center of gravity to C-terminal face, x2Distance for bearing pivot to C-terminal face, x3For propeller
Weight center of gravity is to the distance in C-terminal face, and L1 is segment length after tailing axle, and F1z, F2z are the vertical shearing in measuring point section, and M1x, M2x are measuring point
Section vertical bending.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
(1) arrangement of radio frequency resistance foil gauge and measurement：Radio frequency resistance foil gauge is pasted onto away from measured axis using half-bridge connection method
50~200mm of bearing face at；Wireless strain transmitting node is fastened on measured axis surface, is strained by terminal and radio frequency resistance
Piece connects, and is rotated with measured axis；Synchronous remote-wireless base station receives the strain letter of the transmission of wireless strain transmitting node
Number, then strain signal is transmitted to computer；
(2) installation and measurement of angle measurement unit：First, magnetic sensitive angle sensor is arranged on the horizontal stand by measured axis
On；Then, rotating measured axis makes radio frequency resistance foil gauge normal position, and magnet is installed in position on measured axis；Measured axis exists
In rotation process, magnetic sensitive angle sensor gathers the angle signal of magnet, and angle signal is transmitted to computer；
The measurement of strain signal and the measurement of angle signal are synchronous, and ensure that synchronous remote-wireless base station signal indicator lamp is normal
Display；
(3) Time-Frequency Analysis is carried out to the strain signal of collection using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), set according to the signal composition of analysis
Digital filter is counted, the interference signal in strain signal is filtered out, obtains more real strain data；
(4) maximum strain is obtained by strain data, its formula is：
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In formula：A is maximum strain, and N is the rotating speed of measured axis, and Fs is sample frequency, εiFor strain value at the i-th measuring point；
(5) azimuth corresponding to maximum strain is obtained by formula (2)：
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In formula：δ is that maximum strain corresponds to azimuth, and a is maximum strain, ε1For strain value at the 1st measuring point；
(6) calculating of section turn moment：With reference to some modifying factors in actual measure, bending stress is first tried to achieve by formula (3), then by
Formula (4) tries to achieve measured point section turn moment；
Bending stress：σ=± Ea β/C (3)
Bending moment：M=± W σ (4)
In formula：W is bending resistant section coefficient, and E is modulus of elasticity, and β is circuit correction factor, and C is bridge arm coefficient, C=2；
(7) after obtaining each section turn moment, in conjunction with the equilibrium equation of power and moment of flexure, the dynamic load and orientation of each bearing are calculated
Angle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710563753.7A CN107588952A (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2017-07-13 | A kind of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing |
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| CN201710563753.7A CN107588952A (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2017-07-13 | A kind of marine propulsion shafting dynamic load method of testing |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110426193A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-08 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | A kind of marine propulsion shafting load-measuring device |
| CN110987251A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Ship bearing dynamic load testing method based on resistance strain gauge |
| CN111678697A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-18 | 中国船级社 | Method and device for monitoring state of ship tail shaft |
| CN112052518A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-08 | 大连理工大学 | Far-field measurement and identification method for ice load of polar ship structure |
| US11788864B2 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2023-10-17 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Determination of an item of position information relating to a position of a magnetic field transducer relative to a position sensor |
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| CN102853979A (en) * | 2012-08-25 | 2013-01-02 | 嘉兴学院 | Electric spindle semi-active vibration control test stand, system and electric spindle control method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110426193A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-08 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | A kind of marine propulsion shafting load-measuring device |
| US11788864B2 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2023-10-17 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Determination of an item of position information relating to a position of a magnetic field transducer relative to a position sensor |
| CN110987251A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Ship bearing dynamic load testing method based on resistance strain gauge |
| CN111678697A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-18 | 中国船级社 | Method and device for monitoring state of ship tail shaft |
| CN111678697B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-14 | 中国船级社 | Method and device for monitoring state of ship tail shaft |
| CN112052518A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-08 | 大连理工大学 | Far-field measurement and identification method for ice load of polar ship structure |
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