CN111657132A - Three-dimensional circulating aerial fog cultivation system suitable for rhizome class vegetables - Google Patents
Three-dimensional circulating aerial fog cultivation system suitable for rhizome class vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN111657132A CN111657132A CN202010569952.0A CN202010569952A CN111657132A CN 111657132 A CN111657132 A CN 111657132A CN 202010569952 A CN202010569952 A CN 202010569952A CN 111657132 A CN111657132 A CN 111657132A
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 23
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 8
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/04—Hydroponic culture on conveyors
- A01G31/045—Hydroponic culture on conveyors with containers guided along a rail
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional circulating aerial fog cultivation system suitable for rhizome vegetables, which comprises: a support track comprising a spiral track and a "U" shaped track; the multiple groups of planting cylinders are arranged on the supporting track in a sliding and sequential manner; the cultivation box is horizontally arranged on the ground, and the U-shaped track is arranged at the opening of the spraying box positioned at the upper half part of the cultivation box; the diversion trench is arranged at the bottom of the spiral track; the funnel-shaped cover body is covered on the spiral track; the positioning plates are detachably embedded at the opening of the spraying box; an outflow port; an exhaust fan; the nutrient solution spraying assembly comprises a liquid supply pipe I; a liquid supply pipe II; a plurality of atomizing nozzles I; a plurality of rectangular circulating slide rails; a plurality of atomizing nozzles II; and a controller. The three-dimensional circulating type aerial fog cultivation system suitable for the rhizome vegetables, provided by the invention, is used for replacing the existing non-uniform, large-area and large-flow spraying process with a uniform, small-area and small-flow spraying process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a three-dimensional circulating type aerial fog culture system suitable for rhizome vegetables.
Background
The aerial fog cultivation is a novel cultivation mode, and is a soilless cultivation technology which atomizes nutrient solution into small fog drops by utilizing an atomizing device and directly sprays the small fog drops to a plant root system to provide water and nutrients required by plant growth. Crops are hung in a closed cultivation device (a groove, a box or a bed), the root system is exposed in the cultivation device, and the nutrient solution is atomized by the atomizing device and then sprayed to the surface of the root system, so that the content of nitrate in the cultivated plants is reduced. The method can increase the crop yield by times, is an agricultural high and new technology for cultivating plants without soil or substrates, replaces the soil environment with the artificial creation of the crop root system environment, can effectively solve the contradiction of water, air and nutrient supply which is difficult to solve in the traditional soil cultivation, enables the crop root system to be in the optimum environment condition, thereby exerting the growth potential of the crops and greatly improving the plant growth amount and biomass.
Despite such great advantages of aeroponic cultivation, due to the current aeroponic cultivation methods and facilities, it is necessary to perform intermittent large-scale uniform spraying once for several minutes on dispersed large-area plant roots, the spraying amount and spraying area per time are large, the uniformity is poor and the energy consumption is high. The existing aerial fog cultivation equipment is not suitable for large-scale popularization and is only suitable for cultivation of small-scale virus-free seed potatoes and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a three-dimensional circulating type aerial fog cultivation system suitable for rhizome vegetables, which replaces the prior uneven, large-area and large-flow spraying process with an even, small-area and small-flow spraying process; thereby greatly reducing the investment, energy consumption, pollution, production cost and management difficulty of plant aerial fog cultivation.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a three-dimensional circulation type aerial fog cultivation system for root vegetables, comprising:
the supporting track comprises a spiral track, one end of the spiral track spirally extends from top to bottom, the other end of the spiral track smoothly extends from the uppermost end of the spiral track downwards through the outer side of the spiral track, and the spiral track surrounds a funnel-shaped cavity; the U-shaped track is horizontally and arcuately arranged relative to the ground in an extending way, and two ends of the U-shaped track are respectively connected with two ends of the spiral track in a smooth transition way; the width of the spiral track is less than that of the U-shaped track;
the multiple groups of planting cylinders are arranged on the supporting track in a sliding and sequential manner, two planting cylinders of any group are respectively connected in series through a telescopic rod, and two sides of two planting cylinders of any group are arranged on the supporting track in a sliding manner through supporting rods; the relationship between the diameter sum M of the two planting cylinders of any group of planting cylinders and the width A of the spiral track is M: a is 2:3-5: 6; the relation between the diameter sum M of two planting cylinders of any group of planting cylinders and the width B of the U-shaped track is M: B-1: 3-1: 4;
the cultivation box is horizontally arranged on the ground, the U-shaped track is arranged on the upper end face of the cultivation box and is arranged at an opening of the spraying box positioned at the upper half part of the cultivation box, the middle part of the bottom plate of the spraying box is downwards sunken to form a water accumulating ditch in the length direction of the bottom plate, and the spraying box is communicated with the spraying box formed on the cultivation box; a nutrient solution box is also formed below the bottom plate of the spraying box; the diversion trench is arranged at the bottom of the spiral track and communicated to the nutrient solution box body; the funnel-shaped cover body is covered on the spiral track, and the lower end of the funnel-shaped cover body extends into the flow guide groove; the positioning plates are detachably embedded at the opening of the spraying box, the positioning plates and the multiple groups of planting cylinders are sequentially arranged at intervals in an alternating mode in the extending direction of the U-shaped track, two groups of arc-shaped bayonets are formed at two ends of the positioning plates perpendicular to the U-shaped track, the two groups of arc-shaped bayonets are matched with the side walls of the two groups of planting cylinders in contact with the arc-shaped bayonets, one edge of the positioning plates parallel to the U-shaped track is hinged to the upper end edge of the planting box, and the positioning plates are arranged on the planting box in a turnover mode; the outflow port is formed in the side wall of the spraying box and is arranged close to the U-shaped baffle; the exhaust fan is arranged on the side wall of the spraying box;
the nutrient solution spraying assembly comprises a liquid supply pipe I which is vertically arranged in the funnel-shaped cavity; the liquid supply pipe II is transversely arranged at the bottom in the spraying box; the liquid supply pipe I and the liquid supply pipe II extend into the nutrient solution box respectively; the atomizing nozzles I are uniformly distributed on the liquid supply pipe I in the same spiral track with the spiral track, and the spraying ends of the atomizing nozzles I respectively spray towards the lower parts of the corresponding partial spiral tracks; the rectangular circulating slide rails are sequentially arranged in the spraying box and are arranged close to the bottom of the spraying box, and the width of any rectangular circulating slide rail in the rectangular circulating slide rails is matched with that of the U-shaped rail; a plurality of atomization spray heads II are correspondingly arranged on the plurality of rectangular circulating slide rails in a sliding mode, and liquid inlets of the atomization spray heads II are communicated with the liquid supply pipe II through hoses; the water pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipe I and the liquid supply pipe II; and
the controller, it with exhaust fan and water pump electricity are connected, the controller is used for controlling opening and close of exhaust fan to and be used for controlling the pump sending nutrient solution of pump alternative to feed tube I or feed tube II, perhaps, be used for controlling the pump simultaneously pump sending nutrient solution to feed tube I and feed tube II.
Preferably, any field planting section of thick bamboo in the multiunit field planting section of thick bamboo is square column body structure, and any field planting section of thick bamboo still includes:
the rubber blocking partitions are divergently distributed at the bottom of the square column structure by taking the middle shaft of the square column structure as a circle center, the tail ends of the rubber blocking partitions are fixed on the inner side wall of the planting cylinder, and the front ends of the rubber blocking partitions are sequentially overlapped and arranged; and the non-woven fabric layer is attached to the inner side wall of the planting cylinder.
Preferably, the hose is a stainless steel hose, a metal hose, a corrugated hose, a rubber hose or a plastic hose.
Preferably, the support rail further includes two rack rails disposed at the outermost side and one sliding rail disposed between the two rack rails;
the gear wheels are sleeved on the support rods of the multiple groups of planting cylinders in pairs, the gear wheels are respectively meshed with the two rack rails, and bearings are arranged at the joints of the gear wheels and the support rods, so that the gear wheels rotate by taking the support rods as shafts;
the telescopic rods are two-way telescopic rods with the same specification, and the outermost sleeve positioned in the middle of one telescopic rod is connected with one sliding rail in a sliding mode through a sliding block.
Preferably, a sealing strip is arranged at the contact position of any one of the positioning plates and the two groups of planting cylinders at the two ends of the positioning plate.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a plurality of picking doors which can be opened and closed and are arranged on two side walls of the cultivating box;
a plurality of observation windows disposed on the plurality of picking doors;
the plastic film layer is integrally arranged on the inner side wall and the bottom of the cultivating box, and the side wall of the plastic film layer is not adhered to the inner side wall of the box body; the picking doors are arranged on the side wall of the plastic film layer in a corresponding mode, and the edges of the curtains which can be opened and closed are connected with the side wall of the plastic film layer in an openable and closable mode through zippers; and the shielding strips are arranged at the inner sides of the zippers of the plurality of openable curtains in a shielding mode.
Preferably, the picking doors are arranged from one side in an opening and closing mode, and the zippers on the curtains capable of being opened and closed are arranged on the two side edges and the upper edge of the curtains capable of being opened and closed.
Preferably, the plurality of picking doors are folding doors, and wherein any picking door is 2-5m in length.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the root vegetable seedlings are planted in the multiple groups of planting cylinders and can be directly planted in the multiple groups of planting cylinders and arranged on the spiral track in the seedling hardening period, at the moment, the root vegetable seedlings are small in size and do not protrude from roots, so that the distances among the multiple groups of planting cylinders can be adjusted when the root vegetable seedlings slide to the spiral track, the root vegetable seedlings are compactly distributed as much as possible, and the space is effectively saved; after the root part of the tuber part of the root part of; in addition, the components of the nutrient solution in the seedling hardening period are different from those in the harvesting period, so that the seedlings of the seedling hardening device and the mature plants are separated for aerial fog cultivation, different nutrient solutions are easily supplemented, and the management is convenient; the aeroponic system is arranged in a greenhouse or a greenhouse to facilitate the adjustment of the temperature in the spraying box, but the spraying box is relatively closed and the air circulation is not smooth, so that the air quality, the temperature and the humidity in the spraying box can be adjusted to a certain degree by an exhaust fan under the monitoring of a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; the vegetable seedling spraying device is characterized in that a plurality of atomizing spray heads I are arranged and used for spraying nutrient solution on vegetable seedlings on a spiral rail, a plurality of atomizing spray heads II are used for spraying nutrient solution on mature plants on the spiral rail, management is facilitated, a plurality of rectangular circulating slide rails are used for providing sliding support for the plurality of atomizing spray heads II, so that the plurality of atomizing spray heads II can conveniently slide and spray on the corresponding rectangular circulating slide rails, the number of the atomizing spray heads is effectively reduced, the spraying uniformity of the nutrient solution is improved, the cost is saved, and the purposes of improving the production efficiency and the vegetable yield are achieved;
in summary, the present invention replaces the current non-uniform, large-area, large-flow spraying process with a uniform, small-area, small-flow spraying process; thereby greatly reducing the investment, energy consumption, pollution, production cost and management difficulty of plant aerial fog cultivation. Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a growth chamber and nutrient solution spray assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the support rail and planter boxes in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a positioning plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a positioning plate according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a planter box according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional side wall and plastic film layer construction of a planter box according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a side wall of a planter box according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a three-dimensional circulation type aerial fog cultivation system suitable for root vegetables comprises:
the supporting track 10 comprises a spiral track 101, one end of the spiral track extends spirally from top to bottom, the other end of the spiral track extends smoothly and downwards from the uppermost end of the spiral track through the outer side of the spiral track, and the spiral track surrounds a funnel-shaped cavity; the U-shaped track 102 is horizontally and arcuately arranged relative to the ground in an extending way, and two ends of the U-shaped track are respectively connected with two ends of the spiral track in a smooth transition way; the width of the spiral track is less than that of the U-shaped track;
the multiple groups of planting cylinders 20 are arranged on the supporting track in a sliding and sequential manner, two planting cylinders of any group are respectively connected in series through a telescopic rod 201, and two sides of two planting cylinders of any group are arranged on the supporting track in a sliding manner through supporting rods 202; the relationship between the diameter sum M of the two planting cylinders of any group of planting cylinders and the width A of the spiral track is M: a is 2:3-5: 6; the relation between the diameter sum M of two planting cylinders of any group of planting cylinders and the width B of the U-shaped track is M: B-1: 3-1: 4;
a cultivating box 30 horizontally arranged on the ground, a U-shaped track is arranged on the upper end surface of the cultivating box and is arranged at an opening of a spraying box 305 positioned at the upper half part of the cultivating box, the middle part of a bottom plate of the spraying box is downwards sunken to form a water accumulating ditch in the length direction of the bottom plate, and the spraying box is communicated with the spraying box formed on the cultivating box; a nutrient solution tank 306 is also formed below the bottom plate of the spraying tank; the spraying box diversion trench 303 is arranged at the bottom of the spiral track and communicated to the nutrient solution box body; a funnel-shaped cover body 304 which covers the spiral track, and the lower end of the funnel-shaped cover body extends into the diversion trench; a plurality of positioning plates 302 which are detachably embedded at the opening of the spraying box, and the positioning plates and a plurality of groups of planting cylinders are sequentially arranged alternately at intervals in the extending direction of the U-shaped track, two groups of arc bayonets are formed at two ends of the positioning plates which are vertical to the U-shaped track, the two groups of arc bayonets are matched with the side walls of the two groups of planting cylinders which are contacted with the arc bayonets, and one edge of the positioning plates which are parallel to the U-shaped track is hinged on the upper end edge of the cultivating box, so that the positioning plates can be arranged on the cultivating box in a turnover way; the outflow port is formed in the side wall of the spraying box and is arranged close to the U-shaped baffle; the exhaust fan is arranged on the side wall of the spraying box;
the nutrient solution spraying assembly 40 comprises a liquid supply pipe I401 which is vertically arranged in the funnel-shaped cavity; the liquid supply pipe II 402 is transversely arranged at the bottom in the spraying box; the liquid supply pipe I and the liquid supply pipe II extend into the nutrient solution box respectively; the atomizing nozzles I4011 are uniformly distributed on the liquid supply pipe I in the same spiral track with the spiral track, and the spraying ends of the atomizing nozzles I respectively spray towards the lower parts of the corresponding partial spiral tracks; the plurality of rectangular circulating slide rails 403 are sequentially arranged in the spraying box and are arranged close to the bottom of the spraying box, and the width of any rectangular circulating slide rail in the plurality of rectangular circulating slide rails is matched with the width of the U-shaped rail; a plurality of atomizing nozzles II 4021 are correspondingly and slidably arranged on the rectangular circulating slide rails in a one-to-one mode, and liquid inlets of the atomizing nozzles II are communicated with the liquid supply pipe II through hoses; the plurality of atomizing nozzles II face the lower parts of the plurality of groups of planting cylinders obliquely above so as to effectively spray nutrient solution to the roots of plants; the nutrient solution tanks 306 can be arranged into one or two according to the requirement, and can be respectively communicated with the liquid supply pipe I and the liquid supply pipe II so as to supply different nutrient solutions according to the requirement;
a water pump 404 disposed on the supply pipe I and the supply pipe II; and
controller 50, its with exhaust fan and water pump electricity are connected, the controller is used for controlling opening and close of exhaust fan to and be used for controlling the pump sending nutrient solution of pump alternative to feed tube I or feed tube II, perhaps, be used for controlling the pump simultaneously pump sending nutrient solution to feed tube I and feed tube II.
The root vegetable seedlings are planted in the multiple groups of planting cylinders and can be directly planted in the multiple groups of planting cylinders and arranged on the spiral track in the seedling hardening period, at the moment, the root vegetable seedlings are small in size and do not protrude from roots, so that the distances among the multiple groups of planting cylinders can be adjusted when the root vegetable seedlings slide to the spiral track, the root vegetable seedlings are compactly distributed as much as possible, and the space is effectively saved; the nutrient solution sprayed to the seedlings can be mainly sprayed on the leaves and the stems, after the roots of the nutrient solution extend downwards to form a planting cylinder with a certain length, the multiple groups of planting cylinders are moved to the spiral track, and the distance between the multiple groups of planting cylinders and the distance between two planting cylinders in one group of planting cylinders are adjusted, so that the root vegetable plants have enough space to grow and are convenient to harvest; in addition, the components of the nutrient solution in the seedling hardening period are different from those in the harvesting period, so that the seedlings of the seedling hardening device and the mature plants are separated for aerial fog cultivation, different nutrient solutions are easily supplemented, and the management is convenient; the aeroponic system is arranged in a greenhouse or a greenhouse to facilitate the adjustment of the temperature in the spraying box, but the spraying box is relatively closed and the air circulation is not smooth, so that the air quality, the temperature and the humidity in the spraying box can be adjusted to a certain degree by an exhaust fan under the monitoring of a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; the vegetable seedling spraying device is characterized in that a plurality of atomizing spray heads I are arranged and used for spraying nutrient solution on vegetable seedlings on a spiral rail, a plurality of atomizing spray heads II are used for spraying nutrient solution on mature plants on the spiral rail, management is facilitated, a plurality of rectangular circulating slide rails are used for providing sliding support for the plurality of atomizing spray heads II, so that the plurality of atomizing spray heads II can conveniently slide and spray on the corresponding rectangular circulating slide rails, the number of the atomizing spray heads is effectively reduced, the spraying uniformity of the nutrient solution is improved, the cost is saved, and the purposes of improving the production efficiency and the vegetable yield are achieved;
in conclusion, the invention replaces the prior intermittent uneven, large-area and large-flow spraying process with a continuous even, small-area and small-flow spraying process; thereby greatly reducing the investment, energy consumption, pollution, production cost and management difficulty of plant aerial fog cultivation; the device is suitable for sweet potatoes, Chinese yams, carrots, cassava, taros, jerusalem artichoke, pinellia ternate, manna nuts, gingers, onions, water chestnuts and the like, is more suitable for cultivating the sweet potatoes or the potatoes, and can effectively improve the yield and shorten the cultivation period. According to actual need, the distance between the support tracks can be adjusted to meet the requirements of planting spaces of different types of vegetables.
In a preferred scheme, arbitrary field planting section of thick bamboo in the multiunit field planting section of thick bamboo is square column body structure, and arbitrary field planting section of thick bamboo still includes:
the rubber blocking partitions are divergently distributed at the bottom of the square column structure by taking the middle shaft of the square column structure as a circle center, the tail ends of the rubber blocking partitions are fixed on the inner side wall of the planting cylinder, and the front ends of the rubber blocking partitions are sequentially overlapped and arranged; and the non-woven fabric layer is attached to the inner side wall of the planting cylinder. In the aerial fog cultivation in-process, when transplanting the plant into a multiunit field planting section of thick bamboo, adopt soilless culture matrix to fix the plant, keep off and separate the net and be used for supporting fixed plant, the main root of plant corresponds the perforating hole setting at middle part to make things convenient for it to prick the root downwards, the non-woven fabrics layer can effectively keep moist but not moist in the field planting section of thick bamboo.
In a preferred embodiment, the hose is a stainless steel hose, a metal hose, a corrugated hose, a rubber hose or a plastic hose.
As shown in fig. 5, in a preferred embodiment, the support rail further includes two rack rails 103 disposed at the outermost side and a slide rail 104 disposed between the two rack rails;
a plurality of gears 105 which are sleeved on the support rods of the plurality of groups of planting cylinders in pairs, the plurality of gears are respectively meshed with the two rack rails, and bearings are arranged at the joints of the plurality of gears and the support rods so that the plurality of gears rotate by taking the support rods as axes;
the telescopic rods are two-way telescopic rods with the same specification, and the outermost sleeve positioned in the middle of one telescopic rod is connected with one sliding rail in a sliding mode through a sliding block.
In the scheme, two rack rails are used for guiding a plurality of planting cylinders, one sliding rail is mainly used for weighing, when the plurality of planting cylinders move from a spiral rail to a U-shaped rail, the distance between a group of planting cylinders is gradually increased, one telescopic rod is automatically stretched, the distance of the planting cylinders is automatically adjusted, meanwhile, the stable distribution of the planting cylinders on a supporting rail is ensured, and the distance between the planting cylinders is increased, so that the requirement of root and stem growth of plants is met;
the gears and the racks are meshed to support and adjust the positions of the multiple groups of planting cylinders and the spacing distance between the multiple groups of planting cylinders, a drive is arranged on the gear of one planting cylinder, and the multiple planting cylinders behind the drive the other multiple planting cylinders to synchronously move through the mutual linkage relationship of the chains; the position and the distribution state of the planting cylinders on the supporting track can be adjusted in a manual mode. When a plurality of planting barrels are positioned on the spiral track, the planting barrels at the lowest end of the spiral track can be temporarily fixed to avoid the downward sliding of the planting barrels.
In a preferred scheme, a sealing strip is arranged at the contact position of any one of the positioning plates and the two groups of fixed planting cylinders at the two ends of the positioning plate.
As shown in fig. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the method further includes:
a plurality of picking doors 3051 openably and closably provided on both side walls of the cultivation box;
a plurality of observation windows disposed on the plurality of picking doors;
the plastic film layer 3052 is integrally arranged on the inner side wall and the bottom of the cultivation box, and the side wall of the plastic film layer is not adhered to the inner side wall of the box body; a plurality of openable curtains 3053, one of which is opened and closed on the side wall of the plastic film layer corresponding to the picking doors, and the edges of the openable curtains are connected with the side wall of the plastic film layer through zippers 3054 in an openable and closable manner; and a shielding strip 3055 covering the inner sides of the zippers of the plurality of openable and closable curtains. The plastic film layer is used for shielding and collecting the nutrient solution sprayed on the plastic film layer, so that the nutrient solution is effectively prevented from being sprayed out of the spraying box; a plurality of curtains that can open and close and a plurality of picking door can open simultaneously to the root or the stem block of convenient plant are picked. After a round of planting of the plant is finished, the plant can be removed, then the aerial fog cultivation system is disinfected integrally, then a plurality of planting cylinders are moved to the spiral track, new vegetable seedlings are transplanted again, or part of the planting cylinders are used for planting mature plants and picking the plants, and the other part of the planting cylinders are used for hardening seedlings.
In a preferred scheme, a plurality of picking doors are arranged from one side in an opening and closing mode, and zippers on a plurality of openable curtains are arranged on the two side edges and the upper edge of the plurality of openable curtains.
As shown in figure 7, in a preferred embodiment, the plurality of picking doors are folding doors, and wherein the length of any picking door is 2-5 m. The length of any picking door is 2m, 3m, 4m or 5 m.
Compared with the original aerial fog cultivation system with a large-area spray nozzle (the cultivation box and the bottom are uniformly provided with the spray nozzles, and nutrient solution is sprayed in a large area at regular time), the three-dimensional circulating aerial fog cultivation system suitable for the rhizome vegetables provided by the invention is used for planting potatoes, the using amount of the nutrient solution is reduced by at least 32%, and the yield is increased by at least 12%; compared with the original aerial fog cultivation system with a large-area spray nozzle (the cultivation box and the bottom are uniformly provided with the spray nozzles, and the nutrient solution is sprayed in a large area at regular time), the three-dimensional circulating aerial fog cultivation system suitable for the rhizome vegetables is used for planting the sweet potatoes, the using amount of the nutrient solution is reduced by at least 37%, and the yield is increased by at least 14%.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional circulating aerial fog cultivation system suitable for rhizome class vegetables which characterized in that includes:
the supporting track comprises a spiral track, one end of the spiral track spirally extends from top to bottom, the other end of the spiral track smoothly extends from the uppermost end of the spiral track downwards through the outer side of the spiral track, and the spiral track surrounds a funnel-shaped cavity; the U-shaped track is horizontally and arcuately arranged relative to the ground in an extending way, and two ends of the U-shaped track are respectively connected with two ends of the spiral track in a smooth transition way; the width of the spiral track is less than that of the U-shaped track;
the multiple groups of planting cylinders are arranged on the supporting track in a sliding and sequential manner, two planting cylinders of any group are respectively connected in series through a telescopic rod, and two sides of two planting cylinders of any group are arranged on the supporting track in a sliding manner through supporting rods; the relationship between the diameter sum M of the two planting cylinders of any group of planting cylinders and the width A of the spiral track is M: a is 2:3-5: 6; the relation between the diameter sum M of two planting cylinders of any group of planting cylinders and the width B of the U-shaped track is M: B-1: 3-1: 4;
the cultivation box is horizontally arranged on the ground, the U-shaped track is arranged on the upper end face of the cultivation box and is arranged at an opening of a spraying box positioned at the upper half part of the cultivation box, the middle part of a bottom plate of the spraying box is downwards sunken to form a water accumulating ditch in the length direction of the bottom plate, and the spraying box is communicated with the spraying box formed on the cultivation box; a nutrient solution box is also formed below the bottom plate of the spraying box; the diversion trench is arranged at the bottom of the spiral track and communicated to the nutrient solution box body; the funnel-shaped cover body is covered on the spiral track, and the lower end of the funnel-shaped cover body extends into the flow guide groove; the positioning plates are detachably embedded at the opening of the spraying box, the positioning plates and the multiple groups of planting cylinders are sequentially arranged at intervals in an alternating mode in the extending direction of the U-shaped track, two groups of arc-shaped bayonets are formed at two ends of the positioning plates perpendicular to the U-shaped track, the two groups of arc-shaped bayonets are matched with the side walls of the two groups of planting cylinders in contact with the arc-shaped bayonets, one edge of the positioning plates parallel to the U-shaped track is hinged to the upper end edge of the planting box, and the positioning plates are arranged on the planting box in a turnover mode; the outflow port is formed in the side wall of the spraying box and is arranged close to the U-shaped baffle; the exhaust fan is arranged on the side wall of the spraying box;
the nutrient solution spraying assembly comprises a liquid supply pipe I which is vertically arranged in the funnel-shaped cavity; the liquid supply pipe II is transversely arranged at the bottom in the spraying box; the liquid supply pipe I and the liquid supply pipe II extend into the nutrient solution box respectively; the atomizing nozzles I are uniformly distributed on the liquid supply pipe I in the same spiral track with the spiral track, and the spraying ends of the atomizing nozzles I respectively spray towards the lower parts of the corresponding partial spiral tracks; the rectangular circulating slide rails are sequentially arranged in the spraying box and are arranged close to the bottom of the spraying box, and the width of any rectangular circulating slide rail in the rectangular circulating slide rails is matched with that of the U-shaped rail; a plurality of atomization spray heads II are correspondingly arranged on the plurality of rectangular circulating slide rails in a sliding mode, and liquid inlets of the atomization spray heads II are communicated with the liquid supply pipe II through hoses; the water pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipe I and the liquid supply pipe II; and
the controller, it with exhaust fan and water pump electricity are connected, the controller is used for controlling opening and close of exhaust fan to and be used for controlling the pump sending nutrient solution of pump alternative to feed tube I or feed tube II, perhaps, be used for controlling the pump simultaneously pump sending nutrient solution to feed tube I and feed tube II.
2. The three-dimensional circulating type aerial fog cultivation system suitable for rhizome vegetables according to claim 1, wherein any one of the plurality of groups of planting cylinders is of a square column structure, and further comprises:
the rubber blocking partitions are divergently distributed at the bottom of the square cylindrical structure by taking a middle shaft of the square cylindrical structure as a circle center, the tail ends of the rubber blocking partitions are fixed on the inner side wall of the planting cylinder, and the front ends of the rubber blocking partitions are sequentially overlapped and arranged; and the non-woven fabric layer is attached to the inner side wall of the planting cylinder.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the flexible tube is a stainless steel flexible tube, a metal flexible tube, a corrugated flexible tube, a rubber flexible tube or a plastic flexible tube.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the support rail further comprises two rack rails disposed at an outermost side and a sliding rail disposed between the two rack rails;
the gear wheels are sleeved on the support rods of the multiple groups of planting cylinders in pairs, the gear wheels are respectively meshed with the two rack rails, and bearings are arranged at the joints of the gear wheels and the support rods, so that the gear wheels rotate by taking the support rods as shafts;
the telescopic rods are two-way telescopic rods with the same specification, and the outermost sleeve positioned in the middle of one telescopic rod is connected with one sliding rail in a sliding mode through a sliding block.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein a sealing strip is disposed at a contact point between any one of the plurality of positioning plates and the two sets of planting cylinders at two ends of the positioning plate.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising:
a plurality of picking doors which can be opened and closed and are arranged on two side walls of the cultivating box;
a plurality of observation windows disposed on the plurality of picking doors;
the plastic film layer is integrally arranged on the inner side wall and the bottom of the cultivating box, and the side wall of the plastic film layer is not adhered to the inner side wall of the box body; the picking doors are arranged on the side wall of the plastic film layer in a corresponding mode, and the edges of the curtains which can be opened and closed are connected with the side wall of the plastic film layer in an openable and closable mode through zippers; and the shielding strips are arranged at the inner sides of the zippers of the plurality of openable curtains in a shielding mode.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the picking doors are opened and closed from one side, and the zippers of the openable curtains are disposed on both side edges and the upper edge of the openable curtains.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the plurality of picking doors are folding doors, and wherein any one of the picking doors has a length of 2-5 m.
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| CN202010569952.0A CN111657132B (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Three-dimensional circulating aerial fog cultivation system suitable for rhizome class vegetables |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111657132B (en) | 2022-07-08 |
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