CN111644669A - Hole digging cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts - Google Patents
Hole digging cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111644669A CN111644669A CN202010527324.6A CN202010527324A CN111644669A CN 111644669 A CN111644669 A CN 111644669A CN 202010527324 A CN202010527324 A CN 202010527324A CN 111644669 A CN111644669 A CN 111644669A
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- Prior art keywords
- mounting
- cutter
- cavity
- mounting body
- hole
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/04—Drills for trepanning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/04—Drills for trepanning
- B23B51/0453—Drills for trepanning with ejecting devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hole digging cutter for machining a large-diameter assembly hole of an aviation part, and belongs to the technical field of machining cutters. A draw hole cutter for processing aviation part major diameter pilot hole includes: the cutter body and the elastic ejection assembly assembled in the cutter body; the cutter body comprises a cutting end and a clamping end, and an installation cavity is arranged in the cutter body; the cutting end is provided with a first mounting body and a second mounting body with arc-shaped sections, all the mounting bodies are arranged around the axis of the cutter body, the inner sides of all the mounting bodies form a material collecting cavity communicated with the mounting cavity, and the end edges of all the mounting bodies are respectively provided with a blade; the inner side wall of the mounting body is provided with an arc-shaped slope surface, and the slope surface inclines from the end part of the mounting body to the direction close to the central axis of the mounting cavity. After the hole digging cutter finishes the hole digging operation, when the waste is extruded, the waste can be stressed unevenly on one side, the waste can be conveniently ejected out of the material collecting cavity, and the phenomenon of material blocking is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining tools, in particular to a hole digging tool for machining a large-diameter assembly hole of an aviation part.
Background
Aeronautical parts, in particular aeronautical case-like parts, on the surface of which are distributed a plurality of functional characteristic holes for assembly, such as: fuel oil holes, flange edge mounting holes and the like. Because most of the assembly holes have larger apertures and the hardness of the part materials is higher, the traditional drilling-milling mode has lower efficiency and larger tool consumption, so the modern processing technology adopts a special hole digging tool for high-efficiency processing. However, when the existing hole digging cutter is used for hole digging and machining, a large amount of burrs are generated on a part cutting layer, so that the situation that a part cutting material card cannot fall off at the center of the cutter often occurs, and when the cutter carries waste materials to continuously work, great potential safety hazards are generated on subsequent machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hole digging cutter for machining a large-diameter assembly hole of an aviation part, and the hole digging cutter is used for solving the problem that material clamping is easy to occur when the existing hole digging cutter is used for machining the large-diameter assembly hole of the aviation part.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a draw hole cutter for processing aviation part major diameter pilot hole includes: the cutter body and the elastic ejection assembly assembled in the cutter body; the cutter body comprises a cutting end and a clamping end, and an installation cavity is arranged in the cutter body; the cutting end is provided with a first mounting body and a second mounting body with arc-shaped sections, the first mounting body and the second mounting body are arranged around the axis of the cutter body, a material collecting cavity communicated with the mounting cavity is formed inside the first mounting body and the second mounting body, and blades are respectively arranged on the end edges of the first mounting body and the second mounting body; the inner side wall of the mounting body is provided with an arc-shaped slope surface, and the slope surface inclines from the end part of the mounting body to the direction close to the central axis of the mounting cavity.
The blade is used for cutting a workpiece, during cutting, the blade rotates along the edge of a hole to be machined, the edge of the hole to be machined is cut, scraps of chips gradually enter the material collecting cavity along with the chip cutting process, and after the chips are cut, the elastic ejection assembly releases elastic potential energy to extrude the columnar scraps out of the material collecting cavity, so that the cutter can perform hole digging operation again. Because the burr can appear in the lateral wall of waste material at the cutting in-process, the lateral wall that leads to the waste material can not separate with the inside wall in the chamber that gathers materials, card material phenomenon appears promptly, and the waste material can not popped out, and the cutter can produce very big potential safety hazard when continuous operation. Therefore, the slope surface is arranged on the inner side wall of the installation body, the slope surface has a guiding effect, the waste material is in contact with one side of the installation body through the slope surface, when the elastic ejection assembly extrudes the waste material, the waste material is in a state of uneven stress on one side, the waste material is conveniently ejected out of the material collection cavity, and the phenomenon of material blocking is avoided.
Furthermore, the elastic ejection assembly extends into the mounting cavity from the aggregate cavity, and comprises a limiting seat, an ejector rod and an elastic piece; the limiting seat is positioned in the mounting cavity, and the side wall of the limiting seat is connected with the side wall of the cutter body through a radial connecting piece; the ejector pin runs through spacing seat from the chamber of gathering materials and then stretches into the installation intracavity to be connected with the cutter body through the elastic component, ejector pin and spacing seat sliding fit.
The elastic ejection assembly is used for ejecting waste materials, the waste materials gradually enter the material collection cavity during cutting, the waste materials extrude the ejector rod to enable the ejector rod and the limiting seat to slide, meanwhile, the elastic piece is compressed, and after the cutting is finished, the waste materials are separated from a workpiece, the elastic piece releases elastic potential energy to drive the ejector rod to push the waste materials, and the waste materials are ejected out of the material collection cavity. During cutting machining, because relative rotation can take place between cutter and the work piece for frictional force can appear between ejector pin and the waste material, owing to can appear the feeding operation simultaneously, can appear the extrusion force between ejector pin and the waste material, frictional force and extrusion force combined action can produce the moment of unscrewing. Therefore, the radial connecting piece is used for connecting the limiting seat and the cutter body and overcoming the unscrewing moment, the elastic ejection assembly and the cutter body cannot loosen under the action of the unscrewing moment, and the elastic ejection assembly is prevented from losing efficacy due to loosening, so that the material clamping condition is avoided.
Furthermore, the ejector rod is provided with a limiting bulge, one side of the limiting bulge is in contact with the limiting seat, and the other side of the limiting bulge is in contact with the elastic piece.
The limiting bulge of the invention avoids the over-displacement of the ejector rod and avoids the separation between the ejector rod and the limiting seat.
Further, the cross section of the ejector rod is polygonal.
When the cross section of the ejector rod is polygonal, the ejector rod and the limiting seat can only slide but cannot rotate, so that the ejector rod is prevented from rotating under the action of unscrewing torque.
Furthermore, the elastic ejection assembly further comprises a mounting seat arranged in the mounting cavity, and two ends of the elastic piece are respectively contacted with the limiting protrusions and the mounting seat.
The mounting seat is convenient for limiting the elastic piece.
Furthermore, the side wall of the limiting seat is connected with the side wall of the cutter body in a sealing mode through threads.
When the limiting seat is connected with the cutter body through the threads, the connection between the limiting seat and the cutter body is more reliable, and when the limiting seat is connected with the cutter body through the radial connecting piece, the rotation between the limiting seat and the cutter body can be avoided. The limiting seat can be connected with the cutter body in a sealing mode through threads, scrap iron is prevented from entering the mounting cavity, and cooling liquid can be prevented from entering the material collecting cavity from the connecting position between the limiting seat and the cutter body, so that the cooling liquid flows in a set channel.
Further, the radial connecting member is a threaded pin or a screw.
Furthermore, the slope surface is formed on the inner side wall of the first installation body or the second installation body, and two sides of the slope surface extend to the inner side wall of the corresponding installation body.
The slope surface of the invention can not form a step with the inner side wall of the mounting body, thereby ensuring the structural continuity of the inner side of the mounting body and ensuring that waste materials can not be clamped in the material collecting cavity due to the structural incoherence.
Further, the maximum inclination of the slope surface is 5 °.
Further, the first mounting body and the second mounting body are arranged around the axis of the cutter body at equal intervals.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) after the hole digging cutter finishes the hole digging operation, when the waste is extruded, the waste can be stressed unevenly on one side, the waste can be conveniently ejected out of the material collecting cavity, and the phenomenon of material blocking is avoided.
(2) When the hole digging cutter is used for cutting operation, the elastic ejection assembly and the cutter body cannot loosen under the action of unscrewing torque, so that the elastic ejection assembly is prevented from losing efficacy due to loosening, and the phenomenon of material clamping is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic external structural view of a hole drilling tool for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hole digging cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutter body of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic ejection assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 10-a cutter body; 11-a cutting end; 12-a clamping end; 13-mounting a cavity; 15-a material collecting cavity; 16-slope surface; 20-an elastic ejection assembly; 21-a limiting seat; 22-a mandril; 23-an elastic member; 24-a limit bump; 25-a mounting seat; 26-a radial connector; 30-a blade; 141-a first mounting body; 142-second mounting body.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a hole drilling tool for machining a large-diameter assembly hole of an aviation part comprises: a cutter body 10 and an elastic ejection assembly 20. The cutter body 10 includes a cutting end 11 and a clamping end 12, the cutting end 11 is provided with an insert 30 for cutting a workpiece, and the clamping end 12 is provided for mounting on a machine tool, a machining center, or the like. The resilient ejection assembly 20 extends from the cutting end 11 into the interior of the cutter body 10. When the hole digging operation is carried out, the blade 30 cuts the edge of the hole to be machined, the waste materials of the cutting chips gradually enter the inside of the cutting end 11 along with the cutting chip process, and after the cutting chips are finished, the elastic ejection assembly 20 releases elastic potential energy to extrude the waste materials which are columnar, so that the whole hole digging operation is finished.
Referring to fig. 3, the cutting end 11 is provided with a first mounting body 141 and a second mounting body 142 which are arc-shaped, the first mounting body 141 and the second mounting body 142 have the same structure and are both arranged around the axis of the cutter body 10, the axes of the first mounting body 141 and the second mounting body 142 are coincident with the axis of the cutter body 10, the first mounting body 141 and the second mounting body 142 are arranged around the axis of the cutter body 10 at uniform intervals, and the inner sides of the first mounting body 141 and the second mounting body 142 form a material collecting cavity 15.
The top edges of the first and second mounting bodies 141 and 142 are provided with the insert 30, and the inserts 30 on the first and second mounting bodies 141 and 142 are symmetrical about the axis of the cutter body 10. The inner side wall of the first mounting body 141 is provided with an arc-shaped slope surface 16, the slope surface 16 inclines from the end part of the first mounting body 141 to the direction close to the central axis of the mounting cavity 13, two sides of the slope surface 16 extend to the inner side wall of the first mounting body 141, and the radian of the slope surface 16 is less than 180 degrees. In other embodiments of the present invention, the slope 16 may also be disposed on the inner sidewall of the second mounting body 142, in which case both sides of the slope 16 extend to the inner sidewall of the second mounting body 142; the slope 16 may also be partially disposed on the inner sidewall of the first installation body 141, and the other portion is disposed on the inner sidewall of the second installation body 142, however, the slope 16 is located in the same semicircle, that is, the arc of the slope 16 is less than 180 °, and then both sides of the slope 16 extend to the inner sidewalls of the first installation body 141 and the second installation body 142, respectively.
The maximum slope a of the ramp surface 16 does not exceed 5 deg., and in this embodiment the maximum slope a of the ramp surface 16 is 3 deg..
The inside of cutter body 10 is equipped with installation cavity 13, and installation cavity 13 communicates with the chamber 15 that gathers materials for install elasticity ejection assembly 20. The cutter body 10 is further provided with a coolant guide hole (not shown) which extends to a position where all the mounting bodies are close to the blade 30, and which communicates with the mounting cavity 13.
Referring to fig. 4, the elastic ejection assembly 20 includes a limiting seat 21, a top rod 22, an elastic member 23 and a mounting seat 25. The cross section of the ejector rod 22 is polygonal, the ejector rod 22 penetrates through the limiting seat 21, the mounting seat 25 is of a stepped shaft structure, and two ends of the elastic part 23 are respectively connected with the ejector rod 22 and the mounting seat 25. The outer side surface of the mandril 22 is provided with a limit bulge 24, and the two sides of the limit bulge 24 are respectively contacted with the limit seat 21 and the elastic part 23. In this embodiment, the elastic element 23 is a spring, one end of the spring is sleeved on the top rod 22 and contacts with the limiting protrusion 24, and the other end of the spring is sleeved on the mounting seat 25 and contacts with the step surface on the mounting seat 25.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the limiting seat 21, the elastic element 23 and the mounting seat 25 are all located in the mounting cavity 13, a side wall of the limiting seat 21 is connected with a side wall of the cutter body 10 through a thread, and the side wall of the limiting seat 21 is further connected with the side wall of the cutter body 10 through a radial connecting element 26. The side wall of the mounting seat 25 is also connected to the side wall of the cutter body 10 by means of a screw. The ejector rod 22 extends into the installation cavity 13 from the aggregate cavity 15, and when being extruded, the ejector rod 22 slides into the installation cavity 13 and compresses the elastic piece 23. In this embodiment, the radial connector 26 is a threaded pin, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the radial connector 26 may also be a screw.
A theory of operation for processing drawing hole cutter of aviation part major diameter pilot hole:
(1) during cutting, the blade 30 rotates along the edge of the hole to be processed, the edge of the hole to be processed is cut, cylindrical waste materials gradually enter the material collecting cavity 15 along with the cutting process during cutting, the waste materials gradually extrude the ejector rod 22, and the elastic piece 23 is gradually compressed under the action of the ejector rod 22 to generate elastic potential energy; because can take place relative rotation between cutter and the work piece for frictional force can appear between ejector pin 22 and the waste material, simultaneously because the feeding operation can appear, make extrusion force can appear between ejector pin 22 and the waste material, frictional force and extrusion force combined action can produce the moment of unscrewing, the moment of unscrewing is born by radial connecting piece 26 (this embodiment adopts the screw thread pin to bear the moment of unscrewing), consequently, elasticity ejecting subassembly 20 can not appear becoming flexible, avoid losing efficacy because relax, and then avoid the emergence of card material condition.
(2) After the cutting is finished, the waste materials are completely separated from the workpiece, the elastic piece 23 releases elastic potential energy, the waste materials are pushed through the ejector rod 22, in the pushing process, the slope surface 16 has a guiding effect, the slope surface 16 enables the waste materials to be in single-side contact with all installation bodies, the waste materials can be in a state of uneven single-side stress, the waste materials can be conveniently ejected out of the material collecting cavity 15, and the phenomenon of material blocking is avoided.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a draw hole cutter for processing aviation part major diameter pilot hole which characterized in that includes: the cutter body (10) and an elastic ejection assembly (20) assembled in the cutter body (10); the cutter body (10) comprises a cutting end (11) and a clamping end (12), and an installation cavity (13) is formed in the cutter body (10); the cutting end (11) is provided with a first mounting body (141) and a second mounting body (142) with arc-shaped sections, the first mounting body (141) and the second mounting body (142) are arranged around the axis of the cutter body (10), a material collecting cavity (15) communicated with the mounting cavity (13) is formed in the inner sides of the first mounting body (141) and the second mounting body (142), and the end edges of the first mounting body (141) and the second mounting body (142) are respectively provided with a blade (30); the inner side wall of the mounting body is provided with an arc-shaped slope surface (16), and the slope surface (16) inclines from the end part of the mounting body (14) to the direction close to the central axis of the mounting cavity (13).
2. The hole drilling tool for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic ejection assembly (20) extends from the material collection cavity (15) into the mounting cavity (13), and the elastic ejection assembly (20) comprises a limiting seat (21), an ejector rod (22) and an elastic piece (23); the limiting seat (21) is positioned in the mounting cavity (13), and the side wall of the limiting seat (21) is connected with the side wall of the cutter body (10) through a radial connecting piece (26); the ejector rod (22) penetrates through the limiting seat (21) from the material collecting cavity (15) and then extends into the mounting cavity (13), and is connected with the cutter body (10) through the elastic piece (23), and the ejector rod (22) is in sliding fit with the limiting seat (21).
3. The hole digging cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts as claimed in claim 2, wherein said ejector rod (22) is provided with a limit protrusion (24), one side of said limit protrusion (24) is in contact with said limit seat (21), and the other side of said limit protrusion (24) is in contact with said elastic member (23).
4. The underholing cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aircraft parts according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross section of the ejector rod (22) is polygonal.
5. The hole drilling tool for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts as claimed in claim 4, wherein said elastic ejection assembly (20) further comprises a mounting seat (25) arranged in said mounting cavity (13), and two ends of said elastic member (23) are respectively in contact with said limiting protrusion (24) and said mounting seat (25).
6. The hole drilling tool for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts as claimed in claim 5, wherein the side wall of the limiting seat (21) is further connected with the side wall of the tool body (10) through threads.
7. The tool for the production of large-diameter assembly holes for aeronautical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that the radial connectors (26) are threaded pins or screws.
8. The hole drilling tool for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said slope surface (16) is formed on an inner side wall of said first mounting body (141) or said second mounting body (142), and two sides of said slope surface (16) extend to the inner side wall of the corresponding mounting body.
9. The hole-tapping tool for machining large-diameter assembly holes for aeronautical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that the maximum inclination of the ramp surface (16) does not exceed 5 °.
10. The hole tapping tool for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aerospace components of claim 8, wherein the first mounting body (141) and the second mounting body (142) are evenly spaced around the axis of the tool body (10).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202010527324.6A CN111644669A (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-06-11 | Hole digging cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts |
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CN202010527324.6A CN111644669A (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-06-11 | Hole digging cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts |
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CN202010527324.6A Pending CN111644669A (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-06-11 | Hole digging cutter for machining large-diameter assembly holes of aviation parts |
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Application publication date: 20200911 |
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