CN111638504B - Continuous wave radar front end - Google Patents
Continuous wave radar front end Download PDFInfo
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- CN111638504B CN111638504B CN201910155467.6A CN201910155467A CN111638504B CN 111638504 B CN111638504 B CN 111638504B CN 201910155467 A CN201910155467 A CN 201910155467A CN 111638504 B CN111638504 B CN 111638504B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a continuous wave radar front end, which comprises a frequency synthesizer, a front end receiving and sending chip, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the front end receiving and sending chip comprises a phase locking unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider and a frequency mixer; the frequency synthesizer generates a frequency sweep signal and outputs the frequency sweep signal to the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit performs phase locking according to the frequency sweep signal and outputs the signal to the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier performs frequency multiplication on the signal and outputs the signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the signal into two paths, one path is sent to the transmitting antenna, the other path is sent to the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer mixes the other path of signal output by the power divider and the signal received by the receiving antenna and outputs the signal to the signal processor to extract radar target information, the problems that the front end of the conventional continuous wave radar is poor in stability and large in size are solved, and the requirements of various application scenes are met.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of radars, in particular to a continuous wave radar front end.
Background
The basic theory of radar originated in the 80's of the 19 th century, and based on the electromagnetic principle published by Maxwell, heinrich Hertz, a german famous physicist, experimentally demonstrated that electromagnetic waves can be reflected by metal objects and successfully received reflected echoes. The radar is an electromagnetic system for detecting and locating target objects, and its basic operation principle is to transmit a special waveform, for example, a pulse modulated sine wave, then receive the reflected waveform and analyze and detect the echo signal.
Radar has found widespread use in the ocean, land, air and outer space. The radar on the land is mainly used for detecting, positioning and tracking a land or low-altitude target and the like; the radar has wide application and more types, and the classification method is also more complex, and is divided into the following according to the types of working waveforms: continuous Wave (CW) radar and Pulsed (PR) radar. A continuous wave radar is a radar that continuously emits electromagnetic energy, with both the transmit and receive channels operating simultaneously. Compared with pulse radar, the average power is higher, even if the peak power is slightly lower, larger signal capability can be obtained, larger time-bandwidth product can be easily obtained, and thus the distance resolution and the speed resolution of the continuous wave radar are higher.
However, the conventional continuous wave radar has poor front end stability and large volume, and is greatly limited in application.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a continuous wave radar front end, which aims to solve the problems of poor stability and large volume of the conventional continuous wave radar front end.
The embodiment of the invention provides a continuous wave radar front end, which comprises a frequency synthesizer, a front end receiving and sending chip, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the front end receiving and sending chip comprises a phase locking unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider and a frequency mixer;
the output end of the frequency synthesizer is connected with the phase-locking unit, the phase-locking unit is connected with the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier is connected with the power divider, the first output end of the power divider is connected with the transmitting antenna, the second output end of the power divider and the receiving antenna are respectively connected with the frequency mixer, and the frequency mixer is connected with a signal processor;
the frequency synthesizer generates a frequency sweep signal and outputs the frequency sweep signal to the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit performs phase locking according to the frequency sweep signal and outputs a corresponding signal to the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier performs frequency multiplication on the received signal and outputs a frequency multiplied signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, a first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signal to the transmitting antenna, a second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signal to the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer receives the signal received by the receiving antenna, mixes the other path of signal output by the second output end of the power divider with the signal received by the receiving antenna, and outputs the frequency mixed signal to the signal processor.
In one possible design, the frequency Synthesizer is a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS).
In one possible design, the phase-locking unit includes a phase detector, a charge pump, a voltage-controlled oscillator, and a frequency divider;
the frequency synthesizer is connected with the phase discriminator, the phase discriminator is connected with the charge pump, the charge pump is connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is respectively connected with the frequency multiplier and the frequency divider, and the frequency divider is connected with the phase discriminator;
the frequency synthesizer outputs signals to the voltage-controlled oscillator through the phase detector and the charge pump, the voltage-controlled oscillator outputs voltage-controlled oscillation signals to the frequency divider according to the received signals, the frequency divider divides the received signals by 256 times and outputs the divided signals to the phase detector, and the phase detector performs signal phase locking according to the frequency sweep signals and the received signals output by the frequency divider and outputs signals to the frequency multiplier through the charge pump and the voltage-controlled oscillator.
In a possible design, the above-mentioned continuous wave radar front end further includes a first amplifier disposed between the phase-locking unit and the frequency multiplier;
the phase locking unit outputs corresponding signals to the first amplifier, the first amplifier amplifies the received signals from 23GHz to 24GHz and outputs the amplified signals to the frequency multiplier, and the frequency multiplier performs 4-time frequency multiplication processing on the received signals.
In a possible design, the above continuous wave radar front end further includes a second amplifier disposed between the frequency multiplier and the power divider;
the frequency multiplier outputs a frequency-multiplied signal to the second amplifier, the second amplifier amplifies a received 92 GHz-96 GHz signal and outputs the amplified signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, a first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signal to the transmitting antenna, and a second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signal to the mixer.
In a possible design, the above continuous wave radar front end further includes a power amplifier disposed between the first output terminal of the power divider and the transmitting antenna;
the first output end of the power divider outputs a path of signal to the power amplifier, and the power amplifier amplifies the received signal until the output power is 5dBm and then sends the amplified signal to the transmitting antenna.
In one possible design, the above continuous wave radar front end further includes a low noise amplifier disposed between the receiving antenna and the mixer;
the low noise amplifier amplifies the signal received by the receiving antenna and then sends the amplified signal to the mixer, and the mixer mixes the received other path of signal output by the second output end of the power divider with the signal sent by the low noise amplifier and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor.
In one possible design, the transmit antenna and the receive antenna are both microstrip antennas.
In one possible design, the mixer is an IQ mixer.
In one possible design, the DDS is soldered to a circuit board using solder paste.
The continuous wave radar front end provided by the embodiment comprises a frequency synthesizer, a front end receiving and transmitting chip, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the front end receiving and transmitting chip comprises a phase locking unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider and a frequency mixer; the frequency synthesizer generates a frequency sweep signal and outputs the frequency sweep signal to the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit performs phase locking according to the frequency sweep signal and outputs a corresponding signal to the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier performs frequency multiplication processing on a received signal and outputs the frequency multiplied signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, one path is sent to the transmitting antenna, the other path is sent to the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer mixes the other path of signal output by the received power divider and the signal received by the receiving antenna and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor to extract radar target information.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a continuous wave radar front end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous wave radar front end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As mentioned in the background, radar has found widespread use in marine, land, air and outer space. The radar on the land is mainly used for detecting, positioning and tracking a land or low-altitude target and the like; the radar has wide application and more types, and the classification method is also more complex, and is divided into the following according to the types of working waveforms: continuous Wave (CW) radar and Pulsed (PR) radar. A continuous wave radar is a radar that continuously emits electromagnetic energy, with both the transmit and receive channels operating simultaneously. Compared with pulse radar, the average power is higher, even if the peak power is slightly lower, larger signal capability can be obtained, larger time-bandwidth product can be easily obtained, and thus the distance resolution and the speed resolution of the continuous wave radar are higher. However, the conventional continuous wave radar front end has poor stability and large volume, and is greatly limited in application.
Based on the above reasons, the embodiment of the present invention provides a continuous wave radar front end, including a frequency synthesizer, a front end transceiver chip, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, where the front end transceiver chip includes a phase-locked unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider and a frequency mixer; the frequency synthesizer generates a frequency sweep signal and outputs the frequency sweep signal to the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit performs phase locking according to the frequency sweep signal and outputs a corresponding signal to the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier performs frequency multiplication on the received signal and outputs the frequency multiplied signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, one path is sent to the transmitting antenna, the other path is sent to the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer mixes the other path of the received signal output by the power divider and the signal received by the receiving antenna and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor to extract radar target information, the problems that the front end of the conventional continuous wave radar is poor in stability and large in size are solved, and the requirements of various application scenes are met.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous wave radar front end according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the continuous wave radar front end may include a frequency synthesizer, a front end transceiver chip, a transmitting antenna, and a receiving antenna, where the front end transceiver chip includes a phase-locking unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider, and a mixer.
The phase locking unit, the frequency multiplier, the power divider and the frequency mixer are integrated into a front-end receiving and transmitting chip and can be mounted on a front-end printed circuit board through a gold wire bonding process.
Optionally, the frequency synthesizer is a DDS. Specifically, the DDS can be soldered to a circuit board using a commercially available chip manufactured by Analog Devices, inc. Among them, DDS is a direct digital frequency synthesizer, which is a key digitizing technique. Compared with the traditional frequency synthesizer, the DDS has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, high resolution, quick conversion time and the like, is widely used in the field of telecommunication and electronic instruments, and is a key technology for realizing full digitalization of equipment.
Optionally, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are microstrip antennas, and the antenna uses a series-fed traveling wave antenna as an E-plane array element and then uses a parallel power division structure for feeding. On the premise of achieving the required working bandwidth and gain performance, the device has the advantages of simple structure and easiness in processing. Specifically, the microstrip antenna is an antenna formed by attaching a metal thin layer as a ground plate on one surface of a thin dielectric substrate, manufacturing a metal patch with a certain shape on the other surface by using a photoetching method, and feeding the patch by using a microstrip line or a coaxial probe.
Optionally, the mixer is an IQ mixer. Among them, the IQ mixer differs from the conventional mixer in that: the intermediate frequency IF is composed of two paths I, Q, an electric bridge is arranged in the LO, and the interior of the LO is composed of 2 mixing frequencies. By adopting IQ mixer, filters can be reduced at the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby reducing the system size and simplifying the design.
The output end of the frequency synthesizer is connected with the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit is connected with the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier is connected with the power divider, the first output end of the power divider is connected with the transmitting antenna, the second output end of the power divider and the receiving antenna are respectively connected with the frequency mixer, and the frequency mixer is connected with the signal processor.
The frequency synthesizer generates a frequency sweeping signal and outputs the frequency sweeping signal to the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit performs phase locking according to the frequency sweeping signal and outputs a corresponding signal to the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier performs frequency multiplication on the received signal and outputs a frequency multiplied signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, a first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signal to the transmitting antenna, a second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signal to the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer receives the signal received by the receiving antenna, mixes the other path of signal received by the second output end of the power divider with the signal received by the receiving antenna, and outputs the frequency mixed signal to the signal processor.
Specifically, the frequency synthesizer is controlled by the signal processor, and can generate a frequency sweeping signal of 89.84MHz to 93.75MHz, and output the frequency sweeping signal to the phase-locked unit.
Optionally, the phase locking unit includes a phase discriminator, a charge pump, a voltage-controlled oscillator, and a frequency divider;
the frequency synthesizer is connected with the phase discriminator, the phase discriminator is connected with the charge pump, the charge pump is connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is respectively connected with the frequency multiplier and the frequency divider, and the frequency divider is connected with the phase discriminator;
the frequency synthesizer outputs signals to the voltage-controlled oscillator through the phase detector and the charge pump, the voltage-controlled oscillator outputs voltage-controlled oscillation signals to the frequency divider according to the received signals, the frequency divider divides the received signals by 256 times and outputs the divided signals to the phase detector, and the phase detector performs signal phase locking according to the frequency sweep signals and the received signals output by the frequency divider and outputs signals to the frequency multiplier through the charge pump and the voltage-controlled oscillator.
The DDS is controlled by a signal processor to generate a sweep frequency signal of 89.84MHz to 93.75MHz, and the low-frequency sweep frequency signal is output to a front-end receiving and transmitting chip and used as a reference input signal of a phase locking unit in the receiving and transmitting chip. After the signal generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator in the phase-locking unit is divided by 256 times, the phase discriminator carries out signal phase locking on the sweep frequency signal and the received signal output by the frequency divider. The instantaneous frequency of the signal output by the frequency divider is 256 times of the instantaneous frequency of the frequency sweep signal, namely the frequency sweep range is 23GHz (89.84 MHz multiplied by 256) to 24GHz (93.75 MHz multiplied by 256). The voltage-controlled oscillator is an oscillating circuit (VCO) with output frequency corresponding to input control voltage, the frequency of the oscillator VCO is a function of input signal voltage, and the operating state of the oscillator or the parameters of the elements of the oscillating circuit are controlled by the input control voltage to form the voltage-controlled oscillator. A phase detector refers to a device capable of discriminating a phase difference of input signals, and is a circuit that makes an output voltage have a definite relationship with a phase difference between two input signals. A charge pump, also called a switched capacitor voltage converter, is a DC-DC (converter) that stores energy using a so-called "flying" or "pumping" capacitor (instead of an inductor or transformer).
Optionally, the above-mentioned continuous wave radar front end further includes a first amplifier disposed between the phase-locking unit and the frequency multiplier;
the phase locking unit outputs corresponding signals to the first amplifier, the first amplifier amplifies the received signals from 23GHz to 24GHz and outputs the amplified signals to the frequency multiplier, and the frequency multiplier performs 4-frequency multiplication processing on the received signals.
Optionally, the continuous wave radar front end further includes a second amplifier disposed between the frequency multiplier and the power divider;
the frequency multiplier outputs a frequency-multiplied signal to the second amplifier, the second amplifier amplifies a received 92GHz to 96GHz signal and outputs the amplified signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, a first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signal to the transmitting antenna, and a second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signal to the mixer.
Specifically, the 23GHz to 24GHz sweep frequency signal is amplified, then subjected to 4 frequency doubling, filtering and amplification to 92GHz to 96GHz. The W-band signal is divided into two paths by the on-chip power divider, and one path is sent to the transmitting antenna. And the other path is used as a local oscillation signal of the frequency mixer.
The first amplifier may be a 23GHz amplifier, the second amplifier may be a 92GHz amplifier, and the power divider may be a 92GHz power divider. Specifically, the Power divider is a device for dividing one path of input signal energy into two or more paths of output equal or unequal energy, and may also combine the multiple paths of signal energy into one path of output in reverse, which may be referred to as a combiner. Certain isolation degree should be guaranteed between output ports of one power divider. The power divider is generally divided into two by two (one input and two outputs), three by three (one input and three outputs), etc. according to the output.
Optionally, the continuous wave radar front end further includes a power amplifier disposed between the first output end of the power divider and the transmitting antenna;
the first output end of the power divider outputs a path of signal to the power amplifier, and the power amplifier amplifies the received signal until the output power is 5dBm and then sends the amplified signal to the transmitting antenna.
Optionally, the above-mentioned continuous wave radar front end further includes a low noise amplifier disposed between the receiving antenna and the mixer;
the low noise amplifier amplifies the signal received by the receiving antenna and then sends the amplified signal to the mixer, and the mixer mixes the received other path of signal output by the second output end of the power divider with the signal sent by the low noise amplifier and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor.
The power divider is divided into two paths, wherein one path is sent to a transmitting power amplifier, amplified until the output power is 5dBm and then sent to a transmitting antenna. The other path of local oscillation signal as the frequency mixer is sent to a receiving channel, and the receiving channel consists of a low noise amplifier and an IQ frequency mixer. The low noise amplifier amplifies the signal received by the receiving antenna and then sends the amplified signal to a radio frequency input port of the IQ mixer, and the amplified signal and the local oscillator signal are mixed to generate a quadrature intermediate frequency signal. And outputting the orthogonal intermediate frequency signals to a signal processor to extract radar target information.
The continuous wave radar front end provided by the embodiment comprises a frequency synthesizer, a front end receiving and transmitting chip, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the front end receiving and transmitting chip comprises a phase locking unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider and a frequency mixer; the frequency synthesizer generates a sweep frequency signal and outputs the sweep frequency signal to the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit performs phase locking according to the sweep frequency signal and outputs a corresponding signal to the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier performs frequency multiplication processing on a received signal and outputs the frequency multiplied signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, one path is sent to the transmitting antenna, the other path is sent to the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer mixes the other path of signal output by the received power divider and the signal received by the receiving antenna and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor to extract radar target information.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous wave radar front end according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, based on the foregoing embodiment, the continuous wave radar front end according to the present embodiment may include a frequency synthesizer, a front end transceiver chip, a transmitting antenna, and a receiving antenna, where the front end transceiver chip includes a phase-locked unit, a frequency multiplier (X2-X2), a Power divider, a Mixer (Mixer), a first Amplifier (Amp, for short), a second Amplifier, a Power Amplifier (PA), and a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA).
The frequency synthesizer is a DDS.
The Phase locking unit comprises a Phase Detector (PFD), a Frequency Divider (Divider/256), a Charge Pump (CP) and a Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO).
The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are microstrip antennas.
The mixer is an IQ mixer.
The DDS is soldered to a circuit board using solder paste.
The output end of the DDS is connected with the phase discriminator, the phase discriminator is connected with the charge pump, the charge pump is connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is respectively connected with the frequency multiplier and the first amplifier, the frequency divider is connected with the phase discriminator, the first amplifier is connected with the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier is connected with the second amplifier, the second amplifier is connected with the power divider, the first output end of the power divider is connected with the power amplifier, the power amplifier is connected with the transmitting antenna, the second output end of the power divider is connected with the IQ mixer, the receiving antenna is connected with the low-noise amplifier, the low-noise amplifier is connected with the IQ mixer, and the IQ mixer is connected with the signal processor.
The first amplifier may be a 23GHz amplifier, the second amplifier may be a 92GHz amplifier, and the power divider may be a 92GHz power divider.
The DDS is controlled by a signal processor to generate a sweep frequency signal of 89.84MHz to 93.75MHz, and the low-frequency sweep frequency signal is output to a front-end receiving and transmitting chip and used as a reference input signal of a phase locking unit in the receiving and transmitting chip. And after the signal generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator in the phase-locking unit is divided by 256 times, the signal is output to the phase discriminator, the phase discriminator performs signal phase locking according to the sweep frequency signal and the received signal output by the frequency divider, and the signal is output to the first amplifier through the charge pump and the voltage-controlled oscillator. The instantaneous frequency output by the frequency divider is 256 times of the instantaneous frequency of the frequency sweep signal, namely the frequency sweep range is 23GHz (89.84 MHz multiplied by 256) to 24GHz (93.75 MHz multiplied by 256).
The first amplifier amplifies the received signals of 23GHz to 24GHz and outputs the amplified signals to the frequency multiplier, and the frequency multiplier performs 4-frequency multiplication processing on the received signals. The frequency multiplier outputs a frequency-multiplied signal to the second amplifier, the second amplifier amplifies a received 92 GHz-96 GHz signal and outputs the amplified signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, a first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signal to the power amplifier, the power amplifier amplifies the received signal until the output power is 5dBm and then sends the signal to the transmitting antenna, and a second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signal to the IQ mixer. The low-noise amplifier amplifies the signal received by the receiving antenna and then sends the amplified signal to the IQ mixer, the IQ mixer mixes the received other path of signal output by the second output end of the power divider with the signal sent by the low-noise amplifier and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor, namely, the other path of signal output by the second output end of the power divider is used as a local oscillation signal of the IQ mixer, and the low-noise amplifier amplifies the signal received by the receiving antenna and then sends the amplified signal to a radio frequency input port of the IQ mixer to generate an orthogonal intermediate frequency signal after mixing with the local oscillation signal. And outputting the orthogonal intermediate frequency signals to a signal processor to extract radar target information.
The continuous wave radar front end provided by the embodiment comprises a DDS, a front end transceiving chip, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the front end transceiving chip comprises a phase locking unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider, an IQ mixer, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a power amplifier and a low noise amplifier, and the phase locking unit comprises a phase discriminator, a frequency divider, a charge pump and a voltage controlled oscillator. The DDS generates a sweep frequency signal and outputs the signal to the voltage-controlled oscillator through the phase discriminator and the charge pump. And the phase detector performs signal phase locking according to the sweep frequency signal and the received signal output by the frequency divider, and outputs a signal to the first amplifier through the charge pump and the voltage-controlled oscillator. The first amplifier amplifies the received signals of 23GHz to 24GHz, outputs the amplified signals to the frequency multiplier for 4-frequency multiplication, and outputs the frequency-multiplied signals to the second amplifier, the second amplifier amplifies the received signals of 92GHz to 96GHz, and outputs the amplified signals to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signals into two paths, the first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signals to the power amplifier, the power amplifier amplifies the received signals until the output power is 5dBm, and then sends the amplified signals to the transmitting antenna, and the second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signals to the IQ mixer. The low-noise amplifier amplifies a signal received by the receiving antenna and then sends the amplified signal to the IQ mixer, the IQ mixer mixes the other path of signal output by the second output end of the received power divider with a signal sent by the low-noise amplifier, and the mixed signal is output to the signal processor to extract radar target information.
The embodiments or implementation modes in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an illustrative embodiment", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A continuous wave radar front end is characterized by comprising a frequency synthesizer, a front end receiving and transmitting chip, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the front end receiving and transmitting chip comprises a phase locking unit, a frequency multiplier, a power divider and a frequency mixer;
the output end of the frequency synthesizer is connected with the phase-locking unit, the phase-locking unit is connected with the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier is connected with the power divider, the first output end of the power divider is connected with the transmitting antenna, the second output end of the power divider and the receiving antenna are respectively connected with the frequency mixer, and the frequency mixer is connected with the signal processor;
the frequency synthesizer generates a frequency sweep signal and outputs the frequency sweep signal to the phase locking unit, the phase locking unit performs phase locking according to the frequency sweep signal and outputs a corresponding signal to the frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier performs frequency multiplication on the received signal and outputs a frequency multiplied signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, a first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signal to the transmitting antenna, a second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signal to the frequency mixer, the frequency mixer receives the signal received by the receiving antenna, mixes the other path of signal output by the second output end of the power divider with the signal received by the receiving antenna, and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor;
further comprising a low noise amplifier disposed between the receive antenna and the mixer;
the low noise amplifier amplifies the signal received by the receiving antenna and then sends the amplified signal to the mixer, and the mixer mixes the received other path of signal output by the second output end of the power divider with the signal sent by the low noise amplifier and outputs the mixed signal to the signal processor.
2. The continuous wave radar front end of claim 1, wherein the frequency synthesizer is a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS).
3. The continuous wave radar front end of claim 1, wherein the phase lock unit comprises a phase detector, a charge pump, a voltage controlled oscillator, and a frequency divider;
the frequency synthesizer is connected with the phase discriminator, the phase discriminator is connected with the charge pump, the charge pump is connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is respectively connected with the frequency multiplier and the frequency divider, and the frequency divider is connected with the phase discriminator;
the frequency synthesizer outputs signals to the voltage-controlled oscillator through the phase detector and the charge pump, the voltage-controlled oscillator outputs voltage-controlled oscillation signals to the frequency divider according to the received signals, the frequency divider divides the received signals by 256 times and outputs the divided signals to the phase detector, and the phase detector performs signal phase locking according to the frequency sweep signals and the received signals output by the frequency divider and outputs signals to the frequency multiplier through the charge pump and the voltage-controlled oscillator.
4. The continuous wave radar front end of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a first amplifier disposed between the phase lock unit and the frequency multiplier;
the phase locking unit outputs corresponding signals to the first amplifier, the first amplifier amplifies the received signals from 23GHz to 24GHz and outputs the amplified signals to the frequency multiplier, and the frequency multiplier performs 4-frequency multiplication processing on the received signals.
5. The continuous-wave radar front end of claim 4, further comprising a second amplifier disposed between the frequency multiplier and the power divider;
the frequency multiplier outputs a frequency-multiplied signal to the second amplifier, the second amplifier amplifies a received 92GHz to 96GHz signal and outputs the amplified signal to the power divider, the power divider divides the received signal into two paths, a first output end of the power divider outputs one path of signal to the transmitting antenna, and a second output end of the power divider outputs the other path of signal to the mixer.
6. The continuous-wave radar front end of claim 1, further comprising a power amplifier disposed between the first output of the power divider and the transmit antenna;
the first output end of the power divider outputs a path of signal to the power amplifier, and the power amplifier amplifies the received signal until the output power is 5dBm and then sends the amplified signal to the transmitting antenna.
7. The continuous wave radar front end of claim 1, wherein the transmit antenna and the receive antenna are each microstrip antennas.
8. The continuous wave radar front end of claim 1, wherein the mixer is an IQ mixer.
9. The continuous wave radar front end of claim 2, wherein the DDS is soldered to a circuit board using solder paste.
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