CN111636061A - Preparation method for producing CuCr composite contact through batch type laser cladding - Google Patents
Preparation method for producing CuCr composite contact through batch type laser cladding Download PDFInfo
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- CN111636061A CN111636061A CN202010316328.XA CN202010316328A CN111636061A CN 111636061 A CN111636061 A CN 111636061A CN 202010316328 A CN202010316328 A CN 202010316328A CN 111636061 A CN111636061 A CN 111636061A
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of contact materials, in particular to a preparation method for producing CuCr composite contacts in batch type by laser cladding, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing the CuCr mixed powder with the set components; s2, mixing powder of CuCr predetermined component mixed powder; s3, preprocessing a copper ingot; s4, performing high-speed laser cladding on CuCr mixed powder with set components on a copper sheet; s5, carrying out heat treatment on the clad sample; and S6, surface processing. The invention can simultaneously carry out one-time cladding on a plurality of products, and has batch conditions; the metallographic Cr particles of the contact processed by the method are subjected to secondary refining and are distributed in a dispersed manner; the grain diameter of the refined Cr particles is 2-10 microns, and the refined Cr particles have the characteristics of excellent electric conductivity, heat conductivity, corrosion resistance, toughness and the like, so the refined Cr particles are widely applied to the fields of electric power, heat dissipation, pipelines and the like, and become the basis of the development of modern industrial technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of contact materials, in particular to a preparation method for producing CuCr composite contacts in batch type laser cladding.
Background
Copper-based contacts have a good application market, but with the advent of 3D printing technology, high performance, low cost products have become a trend towards manufacturing.
In the prior art, for example, patent CN106498386A discloses a laser cladding copper surface composite coating and a preparation method thereof, the patent is that material powder to be cladded is mixed into paste to be uniformly coated on a copper base surface, and a layer of cladding is formed by using a laser cladding method after natural air drying, so as to achieve the effect of strengthening the surface; but the thickness can not be processed in an overlapping way, so that the effect of replacing the original supporting (or invalid) part of the product can not be achieved, and the effect of saving the cost can not be achieved;
for another example, patent 108315733a discloses a powder material for laser cladding aluminum bronze alloy gradient coating and a preparation method thereof, specifically, alloy powder material consisting of nine elements of Al, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Si, Cr, B and Mo is made into Cu surface coating by laser cladding. The used material is not cheap, the thickness of the cladding layer is too small, the aim of replacing partial parts and further reducing the cost cannot be achieved, and in addition, the coating only acts on the surface, and the grain refining effect is not achieved.
The two patents are designed to optimize the process or the cost of the existing copper alloy production mode, but only carry out surface strengthening, do not have integral strengthening and do not have the effect of reducing the cost. For example, the patent CN106498386A is blended into paste for cladding and the patent 108315733A uses alloy powder for cladding, the surface condition of parts is only changed, the effects of grain refinement and part replacement are not achieved, and the cost is not saved.
At present, two ways for reducing the cost are available, one is the development of composite materials: the part of the contact which is used as the support is replaced by cheap materials; one is to develop a new technology: the process with fewer working procedures and better performance is developed.
The method is designed on the basis that the performance of the product is not influenced or even better than that of the original product, the processing cost is reduced, and the efficiency is not influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purposes, the invention provides a method for solving the problem that the wear resistance of the ceramic coating is influenced by the porosity defect of the coating in the existing ceramic coating preparation technology, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a preparation method for producing CuCr composite contacts in batch type by laser cladding comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing of CuCr mixed powder with set components:
weighing Cr and atomized copper powder according to the mass percentage ratio of 10-50 wt% of Cr powder to 90-50 wt% of atomized copper powder; experimental research proves that the Cr powder and the Cu powder are proportioned according to the proportion, so that the product performance can be improved on the basis of ensuring the product components and not reducing the production efficiency, and the proportion meets the current market condition and the customer requirements;
s2, mixing powder of CuCr predetermined component mixed powder:
mixing the Cr powder and the atomized copper powder of S1 according to the proportion, and ball-milling for 1-5h according to the ball-material ratio of 1:3-1: 5; the ball milling function is to mix the powder evenly;
s3, preprocessing a copper ingot:
cutting the copper ingot to be clad into single pieces with 1/10-1/8 processing allowance according to the size of a finished product for later use; the allowance is left because firstly, the laser cladding causes poor precision due to high processing speed, so the blank is processed by using the technology, and then the blank is machined into a finished product; secondly, a machining allowance is reserved for tool setting and clamping when a blank is manufactured into a finished product;
s4, high-speed laser cladding of CuCr mixed powder with set components on a copper sheet:
processing by adopting a high-speed laser cladding technology, wherein a laser beam is vertical to the surface of a copper matrix for scanning; inert gas is used for both shielding gas and powder feeding gas in the scanning process; the laser used by the invention is exclusively researched and manufactured by the Chinese, middle and American companies in the xi' an city of Shaanxi province, has good product performance and meets the use requirement of the invention;
the high-speed laser cladding has 3 functions:
(1) the focusing technology of 4 laser heads is adopted, so that the section diameter of effective cladding is increased, and the single-layer thickness of effective cladding is increased compared with that of conventional laser cladding;
(2) the laser coincident point is selected to be deviated from a certain position without selecting a focus, so that the unit cladding area is increased, and compared with the conventional cladding, the processing of the same part at the same speed can be completed more quickly;
(3) the step length and the layer thickness of high-speed laser cladding can be adjusted and controlled, the optimal parameters can be set according to the product, and the production efficiency is improved;
s5, carrying out heat treatment on the clad sample:
the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: the solid solution temperature is 850-;
the heat treatment is that the performance of the product part after direct laser cladding can not meet the requirement, and the product part needs to be subjected to heat treatment to meet the requirement;
s6, surface processing:
and (4) performing surface processing treatment on the sample after heat treatment according to the size of the finished contact to meet the final requirements of surface roughness and precision of the design.
Further, in the above embodiment, in the step S1, the Cr powder has a powder particle size of 30 to 55 μm, and the atomized copper powder has a powder particle size of 35 to 50 μm. Powder with the diameter of less than 30 mu m is not used, so that the processing requirement of raw materials is reduced; the use of the powder with larger particles can facilitate the control of the oxygen content when the raw materials are prepared into powder; the powder with similar particle size range is used for mixing, so that the uniformity of the particle size of the mixed powder can be ensured to a greater extent.
Further, in the above scheme, in the step S1, the sphericity of the powder is required to be greater than 80%. The powder with the sphericity of more than 80 percent can greatly reduce the defect forming probability of metallographic holes or uneven components caused by uneven powder discharge during part processing.
Further, in the above scheme, in the step S2, before the ball milling is started, vacuum is first pumped to 10%-1pa, hydrogen filling protection, wherein the hydrogen filling is carried out to 0.6Mpa, and the functions of vacuumizing and hydrogen filling are to create a low-oxygen environment for powder mixing and avoid the oxidation of the powder in the powder mixing process.
Further, in the above scheme, in the step S4, the flow rate of the powder feeding gas is 0.5 to 2.5L/min, and the flow rate of the protective gas is 15 to 30L/min; the scanning power is 2200-; the linear speed of laser movement is 2-5 mm/min; the thickness of single-layer cladding is 0.2-1.2 mm. The parameter ranges of the powder feeding airflow, the protective airflow, the scanning power, the linear speed of laser movement and the single-layer cladding thickness are the parameter ranges of qualified product performance and available efficiency for batch production after multiple tests of the inventor.
Further, in the above scheme, in step S4, the copper-coated CuCr mixed powder with the predetermined component is overlaid and fused, and 1 to 25 layers are co-fused to form a multilayer CuCr composite contact with a maximum total fusion thickness of 8 mm. The number of layers and cladding thickness defined above are data tested by the inventor and may be higher, but the thickness is enough for the product application of my department, so that higher cladding tests are not made, and the interest can be continued to try later.
Still further preferably, in the above scheme, the total cladding thickness is preferably 7 mm. Namely, CuCr mixed powder with the total thickness of 7mm can be cladded on a new copper sheet in a multi-layer mode to form the composite contact, and the use effect is good.
In view of cost saving, the produced CuCr composite contact can be cladded again on the copper sheet substrate according to the cladding method after being used. Namely, for the contact which is used by a customer and has a failed copper base and is basically complete, the contact can be recovered at a reduced price, then laser cladding CuCr mixed powder is carried out to restore the qualified thickness, and the contact is processed into a product with a smaller specification for secondary use.
Compared with the existing preparation method, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the existing laser cladding scheme is that powder paste is coated on metal, then laser melting is carried out to complete the cladding process, and the method can not carry out lamination processing and can not carry out batch processing; or a thicker coating is cladded on the surface of the formed finished product by using laser to play a role in oxidation resistance or corrosion resistance, but the whole working layer is not completely cladded by using the laser. The laser cladding method can replace the existing casting and arc melting methods to produce the CuCr contact, is formed in a mode that the mixed CuCr powder is cladded on a copper sheet at a high speed, can simultaneously carry out one-time cladding on a plurality of products, and has batch conditions; the metallographic Cr particles of the contact processed by the method are subjected to secondary refining and are distributed in a dispersed manner; the grain diameter of the refined Cr particles is 2-10 microns, the electric conductivity reaches more than 35% IACS, the mechanical strength reaches more than 400Mpa, the hardness reaches 80-130HB, and the softening temperature reaches 800-.
The CuCr composite contact designed and researched by the invention is mainly used for processing blanks of previous working procedures by a machine, and the size and shape are not limited. The composite contact provided by the invention directly melts and coats CuCr powder on the surface of the copper sheet, so that the composite contact conforms to the replacement of an invalid contact part made of cheap materials, saves raw materials and reduces the cost; the powder laser cladding adopts two processes of saw cutting and cladding to manufacture a part blank, and then lathe processing can be carried out, so that the method is a new contact production process end; the product manufactured by the new technology, especially the CuCr25 product, has excellent appearance and high hardness, and can reach good conductivity after heat treatment; the Cr particles are dispersed and uniformly distributed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an X50-fold metallographic photograph of a CuCr composite contact prepared by applying the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a metallographic X1000-fold photograph of a CuCr composite contact prepared by applying the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and the skilled engineers in this field may make certain insubstantial improvements and modifications to the invention based on the above disclosure.
Example 1
A preparation method for producing CuCr10 composite contacts in batch type by laser cladding comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing of CuCr mixed powder with set components:
weighing Cr and atomized copper powder according to the mass percentage ratio of 10 wt% of Cr powder to 90 wt% of atomized copper powder; the powder granularity of the Cr powder is required to be between 30 and 55 mu m, and the powder granularity of the atomized copper powder is required to be between 35 and 50 mu m; the sphericity requirement of the powder is more than 80%.
S2, mixing powder of CuCr predetermined component mixed powder:
mixing the Cr powder and the atomized copper powder of S1 according to the proportion, putting the mixture into a ball mill, and firstly vacuumizing to 10 DEG-1pa, filling hydrogen for protection, filling hydrogen to 0.6Mpa, and ball milling for 1h according to the ball-to-material ratio of 1: 3;
s3, preprocessing a copper ingot:
cutting the copper ingot to be clad into single pieces with 1/10 processing allowance according to the size of the finished product for later use;
s4, high-speed laser cladding of CuCr mixed powder with set components on a copper sheet:
processing by adopting a high-speed laser cladding technology, wherein a laser beam is vertical to the surface of a copper matrix for scanning; inert gas is used for both shielding gas and powder feeding gas in the scanning process; the powder feeding flow is 0.5L/min, and the protective gas flow is 15L/min; the scanning power is 2200W; the linear speed of laser movement is 2 mm/min; the thickness of single-layer cladding is 1.2 mm;
s5, carrying out heat treatment on the clad sample:
the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: the solid solution temperature is 850 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the aging temperature is 350 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 h;
s6, surface processing:
and (4) performing surface processing treatment on the sample after heat treatment according to the size of the finished contact to meet the final requirements of surface roughness and precision of the design.
Example 2
A preparation method for producing CuCr25 composite contacts in batch type by laser cladding comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing of CuCr mixed powder with set components:
weighing 25 wt% of Cr powder and 75 wt% of atomized copper powder according to the mass percentage; the powder granularity of the Cr powder is required to be between 30 and 55 mu m, and the powder granularity of the atomized copper powder is required to be between 35 and 50 mu m; the sphericity requirement of the powder is more than 80%.
S2, mixing powder of CuCr predetermined component mixed powder:
mixing the Cr powder and the atomized copper powder of S1 according to the proportion, putting the mixture into a ball mill, and firstly vacuumizing to 10 DEG-1pa, filling hydrogen for protection, filling hydrogen to 0.6Mpa, and ball milling for 3 hours according to the ball-to-material ratio of 1: 4;
s3, preprocessing a copper ingot:
cutting the copper ingot to be clad into single pieces with 1/9 machining allowance according to the size of a finished product for later use;
s4, high-speed laser cladding of CuCr mixed powder with set components on a copper sheet:
processing by adopting a high-speed laser cladding technology, wherein a laser beam is vertical to the surface of a copper matrix for scanning; inert gas is used for both shielding gas and powder feeding gas in the scanning process; the powder conveying flow is 1.5L/min, and the protective gas flow is 24L/min; the scanning power is 3500W; the linear speed of laser movement is 3.5 mm/min; the thickness of single-layer cladding is 1 mm;
s5, carrying out heat treatment on the clad sample:
the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: the solid solution temperature is 930 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 3 hours, the aging temperature is 450 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours;
s6, surface processing:
and (4) performing surface processing treatment on the sample after heat treatment according to the size of the finished contact to meet the final requirements of surface roughness and precision of the design.
Example 3
A preparation method for producing CuCr50 composite contacts in batch type by laser cladding comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing of CuCr mixed powder with set components:
weighing Cr and atomized copper powder according to the mass percentage ratio of 50 wt% of Cr powder to 50 wt% of atomized copper powder; the powder granularity of the Cr powder is required to be between 30 and 55 mu m, and the powder granularity of the atomized copper powder is required to be between 35 and 50 mu m; the sphericity requirement of the powder is more than 80%.
S2, mixing powder of CuCr predetermined component mixed powder:
mixing the Cr powder and the atomized copper powder of S1 according to the proportion, putting the mixture into a ball mill, and firstly vacuumizing to 10 DEG-1pa, filling hydrogen for protection, filling hydrogen to 0.6Mpa, and ball milling for 5 hours according to the ball-to-material ratio of 1: 5;
s3, preprocessing a copper ingot:
cutting the copper ingot to be clad into single pieces with 1/8 processing allowance according to the size of the finished product for later use;
s4, high-speed laser cladding of CuCr mixed powder with set components on a copper sheet:
processing by adopting a high-speed laser cladding technology, wherein a laser beam is vertical to the surface of a copper matrix for scanning; inert gas is used for both shielding gas and powder feeding gas in the scanning process; the powder conveying flow is 2.5L/min, and the protective gas flow is 30L/min; the scanning power is 4500W; the linear speed of laser movement is 5 mm/min; the thickness of single-layer cladding is 1.2 mm;
s5, carrying out heat treatment on the clad sample:
the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: the solid solution temperature is 1100 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours, the aging temperature is 500 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 8 hours;
s6, surface processing:
and (4) performing surface processing treatment on the sample after heat treatment according to the size of the finished contact to meet the final requirements of surface roughness and precision of the design.
Example 4
The rest of the operation and process parameters were the same as those in example 2, except that in step S4, 3 layers of mixed powder of CuCr predetermined components were clad on the single-layer copper sheet 3 times to form 3 layers of CuCr composite contacts, each layer having a thickness of 1.2mm and a total thickness of 3.6 mm.
Example 5
The rest of the operation and process parameters are the same as those in embodiment 4, except that in step S4, 10 layers are clad to form 10 layers of CuCr composite contacts, each layer has a thickness of 0.6mm, and the total thickness is 6 mm.
Example 6
The rest of the operation and process parameters are the same as those in embodiment 4, except that in step S4, 25 layers are clad to form 25 layers of CuCr composite contacts, each layer has a thickness of 0.2mm, and the total thickness is 5 mm.
Example 7
The rest of the operation and process parameters are the same as those in embodiment 4, except that in step S4, 25 layers are clad to form 25 layers of CuCr composite contacts, each layer has a thickness of 0.32mm, and the total thickness is 8 mm.
Example 8
And (3) performing discount recovery on the contact which is used by a customer and has a basically complete copper base after failure, then performing laser cladding on the CuCr mixed powder to restore the qualified thickness of 4mm, and processing the CuCr mixed powder into a product with a smaller specification for secondary use.
The relevant performance parameters of the copper alloy materials prepared according to examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Table of product Performance parameters prepared in examples 1-3
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method for producing CuCr composite contacts in batch type by laser cladding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing of CuCr mixed powder with set components:
weighing Cr and atomized copper powder according to the mass percentage ratio of 10-50 wt% of Cr powder to 90-50 wt% of atomized copper powder;
s2, mixing powder of CuCr predetermined component mixed powder:
mixing the Cr powder and the atomized copper powder of S1 according to the proportion, and ball-milling for 1-5h according to the ball-material ratio of 1:3-1: 5;
s3, preprocessing a copper ingot:
cutting the copper ingot to be clad into single pieces with 1/10-1/8 processing allowance according to the size of a finished product for later use;
s4, high-speed laser cladding of CuCr mixed powder with set components on a copper sheet:
processing by adopting a high-speed laser cladding technology, wherein a laser beam is vertical to the surface of a copper matrix for scanning; inert gas is used for both shielding gas and powder feeding gas in the scanning process;
s5, carrying out heat treatment on the clad sample:
the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: the solid solution temperature is 850-;
s6, surface processing:
and (4) performing surface processing treatment on the sample after heat treatment according to the size of the finished contact to meet the final requirements of surface roughness and precision of the design.
2. The method for preparing the CuCr composite contact through batch laser cladding production according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the powder granularity of the Cr powder is required to be 30-55 μm, and the powder granularity of the atomized copper powder is required to be 35-50 μm.
3. The method for preparing the CuCr composite contact through batch laser cladding production according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the sphericity requirement of the powder is more than 80%.
4. The method for preparing CuCr composite contacts through batch laser cladding production according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, before the ball milling is started, vacuum pumping is performed to 10 degrees-1pa, hydrogen is charged for protection, and the pressure is increased to 0.6 Mpa.
5. The method for preparing the CuCr composite contact through batch laser cladding production according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the powder feeding gas flow is 0.5-2.5L/min, and the protective gas flow is 15-30L/min; the scanning power is 2200-; the linear speed of laser movement is 2-5 mm/min; the thickness of single-layer cladding is 0.2-1.2 mm.
6. The method for preparing the CuCr composite contact through batch laser cladding production according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the mixed powder with the set copper CuCr components can be overlaid on a single-layer copper sheet, 1-25 layers of the mixed powder are co-cladding, a multi-layer CuCr composite contact is formed, and the maximum total cladding thickness is 8 mm.
7. The method for preparing the CuCr composite contact through batch laser cladding production according to claim 6, wherein in step S4, the cladding total thickness is preferably 7 mm.
8. The method for preparing the CuCr composite contact through batch laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein the produced CuCr composite contact can be re-clad on the copper sheet substrate according to the cladding method after being used.
Priority Applications (2)
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| CN112692305A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-04-23 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of batch type 3D printed CuCr composite contact |
| CN112719297A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-04-30 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for 3D printing of high-density dispersion-strengthened copper part |
| CN113732295A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-03 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Alloy powder material for outdoor high-voltage isolating switch contact, cladding layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113793767A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-14 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-mechanical-strength composite conducting rod for vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber |
| CN114367675A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 西安空天机电智能制造有限公司 | Copper-chromium mixture and additive manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN115106544A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-27 | 天津大学 | Powder feeding system and forming device for laser arc and laser cladding integrated forming |
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| CN113793767B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-08-29 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-mechanical-strength composite conducting rod for vacuum arc extinguishing chamber |
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| JP6864810B1 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
| JP2021171820A (en) | 2021-11-01 |
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