CN111616020A - Improvement method and application of composite matrix - Google Patents
Improvement method and application of composite matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN111616020A CN111616020A CN202010571721.3A CN202010571721A CN111616020A CN 111616020 A CN111616020 A CN 111616020A CN 202010571721 A CN202010571721 A CN 202010571721A CN 111616020 A CN111616020 A CN 111616020A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to an improvement method and application of a composite matrix, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing banana stems and leaves and coconut coir according to a weight ratio of 2: (1-3) mixing to obtain a mixture A; s2, adding medical stone powder into the mixture A obtained in the step S1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B, wherein the mass of the medical stone powder is 3% -6% of the total mass of the banana stems and leaves and the coconut coir; s3, in the step S2, adding 1-1.3L of modifier solution into each kilogram of mixture A to obtain a mixture C, wherein the modifier solution is a mixed solution consisting of humic acid with the concentration of 6-8 g/L and brown granulated sugar with the concentration of 4-6 g/L; and S4, stacking the mixture B for 4-7 days at normal temperature. The method has the advantages of low raw material cost, simple method, easy industrialization, no pollution to the environment and capability of effectively promoting the growth of plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to an improvement method and application of a composite matrix.
Technical Field
At present, peat is mostly used as a main substrate for vegetable seedling at home and abroad, and due to limited peat resources and large usage amount of industrial seedling substrate, the seedling cost is high, so that various organic wastes such as wormcast, bark, bagasse, reed powder, mushroom residue and straw are used for replacing or partially replacing the peat substrate in domestic and foreign researches. However, most organic matrix materials have not been used in large scale due to limited sources, poor stability of properties, low degree of industrialization, etc. Therefore, the method has important practical significance for the research and development of the organic matrix with excellent performance and low price, and simultaneously provides an effective way for the matrixing utilization of agricultural wastes.
Due to the defects of physical and chemical properties, a single matrix hardly meets various requirements of crop growth, and the composite matrices can complement each other to enable the performance of the matrices to tend to be optimized. Many studies have shown that the agricultural and forestry waste can be used as a good culture medium after being treated. The waste stems and leaves of bananas are used as a special agricultural waste resource and can form an organic fertilizer with higher nutrient content through biological fermentation and stack retting. The banana waste stem leaf compost has good physical and chemical properties due to the fact that the banana waste stem leaf compost contains more nutrient elements, is basically suitable for plant cultivation, and has the problem of higher EC value like other agricultural and forestry wastes; coconut chaff belongs to the by-product of coconut, has better water retention performance and air permeability after processing treatment, and can replace peat for medium cultivation. The coconut chaff has a good gap structure, is water-retaining and air-permeable, and can promote the growth of plant roots, but the nutrients contained in the coconut chaff cannot completely meet the requirements of vegetables on mineral elements. The banana pineapple waste stem and leaf compost and the coconut husk have unique physical and chemical properties respectively, and the mixture of the banana pineapple waste stem and leaf compost and the coconut husk can be used as a seedling culture substrate with low price and good performance. The volume weight and porosity of the composite matrix are equivalent to those of common matrixes (peat and perlite), but the composite matrix contains higher total N (0.9-1.2%), total P (0.17-0.18%) and total K (1.5-2.1%), and the contents of organic matters and quick-acting nutrients are also obviously higher than those of the common matrixes.
However, agricultural and forestry waste composts are used as matrix materials, the problems of high pH value, high EC value and the like exist, the EC value of the coconut coir is increased along with the increase of the decomposition degree and the crushing degree of the coconut coir, a modifier needs to be added into the matrix for regulation and control, most of matrix modification methods at the present stage adopt soil modifiers, the soil modifiers are mostly modified by single chemical agents, the problems of limited continuous effect, secondary pollution, high cost and the like exist, and the methods which can be practically applied are few.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems of secondary pollution, high cost and the like of a matrix modifier in the prior art, and provides an improvement method and application of a composite matrix.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an improved method of composite matrix comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing banana stems and leaves and coconut coir according to a weight ratio of 2: (1-3) mixing to obtain a mixture A;
s2, adding medical stone powder into the mixture A obtained in the step S1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B, wherein the mass of the medical stone powder is 3% -6% of the total mass of the banana stems and leaves and the coconut coir;
s3, in the step S2, adding 1-1.3L of modifier solution into each kilogram of mixture A to obtain a mixture C, wherein the modifier solution is a mixed solution consisting of humic acid with the concentration of 6-8 g/L and brown granulated sugar with the concentration of 4-6 g/L;
and S4, stacking the mixture B for 4-7 days at normal temperature.
In the method for improving the composite matrix, macromolecular substances contained in humic acid are combined with various anions and cations in the matrix to form a salt, so that a system for mutual conversion is formed, the pH value of the matrix is regulated and stabilized, and the acidity of the matrix is buffered to change rapidly.
The humic acid substance can regulate the performances of ventilation, permeation, water retention, micro-nutrition transmission and the like of the matrix in the composite matrix to further promote the growth of plants, can directly provide beneficial nutrient substances for the growth of plants, and generates various biochemical effects to promote the growth of plants.
The medical stone has good dissolution performance and can dissolve Mg2+、Cu2+、Zn2+The medical stone also has the function of adjusting the pH value in two directions and has good promotion effect on the growth of plants.
The medical stone can maintain the nutrition balance of the matrix and prevent the nutrient elements from being washed out along with irrigation.
Maifanitum has effects of promoting activity of microorganism in matrix and accelerating degradation of organic substances.
The brown granulated sugar has multiple trace elements necessary for plant growth, and can effectively increase plant yield, enhance plant disease resistance, and regulate trace nutrient content in the substrate
Preferably, the weight ratio of the banana stem leaves to the coconut coir is 2:3, or 1:1, or 3: 2.
Preferably, in the step S2, the medical stone powder is 300 to 350 mesh.
Preferably, in step S2, the medical stone powder is 325 mesh.
The improved composite matrix obtained by the composite matrix improvement method.
The improved composite substrate is applied to seedling raising of cabbage heart and cultivation of scindapsus aureus.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the cost is low. The modifier material of the invention is humic acid, medical stone powder, brown granulated sugar and the like, the use amount is small, and the cost is low.
2) The operation is simple and the use is convenient. The medical stone powder is added when the substrates are mixed, and the humic acid and brown granulated sugar are prepared into solution and also added when the substrates are mixed, so that the production equipment does not need to be additionally added, and the industrialization is easy.
3) Good stability and long-acting property. The product of the invention has stable physicochemical property, and can promote the growth and development of crops to a certain extent by being added into the substrate.
4) And is environment-friendly, safe and environment-friendly. The material used in the invention has no secondary pollution, is environment-friendly, safe and environment-friendly, and accords with the direction of sustainable development of agriculture.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the devices used in this example are all conventional experimental devices, the materials and reagents used are commercially available, and the experimental method without specific description is also a conventional experimental method.
Example 1
Taking 400g of banana waste stem and leaf compost, taking 600g of coconut husk, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A, and adding 30g of 325-mesh medical stone powder into the mixture A to obtain a mixture B; taking 6g of humic acid, adding 4g of brown granulated sugar, adding 1L of purified water, mixing to prepare an aqueous solution to obtain an improver solution, adding the improver solution into the mixture B to obtain a mixture C, and stacking the mixture C at normal temperature for 5 days to obtain an improved composite matrix; the pH value of the improved composite matrix is 5.8, the EC value is 1.36mS/cm, and the organic matter content is 71.2 percent. The contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium are respectively 0.9%, 0.15% and 2.2%.
Example 2
Taking 500g of banana waste stem and leaf compost, taking 500g of coconut husk, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A, and adding 40g of 325-mesh medical stone powder into the mixture A to obtain a mixture B; taking 7g of humic acid, adding 5g of brown granulated sugar, adding 1L of purified water, mixing to prepare an aqueous solution to obtain an improver solution, adding the improver solution into the mixture B to obtain a mixture C, and stacking the mixture C at normal temperature for 5 days to obtain an improved composite matrix; the pH value of the improved composite substrate is 5.9, the EC value is 1.41mS/cm, and the organic matter content is 73.2 percent. The contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium are respectively 1.1%, 0.16% and 1.8%.
Example 3
Taking 600g of banana waste stem and leaf compost, taking 400g of coconut husk, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A, and adding 60g of 300-mesh medical stone powder into the mixture A to obtain a mixture B; taking 8g of humic acid, adding 6g of brown granulated sugar, adding 1L of purified water, mixing to prepare an aqueous solution of the modifying agent to obtain an aqueous solution of the modifying agent, adding the aqueous solution of the modifying agent into the mixture B to obtain a mixture C, and stacking the mixture C at normal temperature for 5 days to obtain a modified composite matrix; the pH value of the improved composite substrate is 6.1, the EC value is 1.2mS/cm, and the organic matter content is 74.8 percent. The contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium are respectively 1.3%, 0.19% and 2.6%.
Experimental example 1
The modified composite substrate of example 2 was placed in seedling trays (105-well plastic trays with a volume of 27cm per well)3) With unmodified composite substrate (500 g of waste stem and leaf compost of banana, 500g of coconut chaff) as a control, 10 random plants were sampled at each time of 6 leaves and 1 heart of cabbage seedlings for analysis and determination, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of different composite media on cabbage seedling
As can be seen from Table 1 above, the improved substrate obtained by the method of example 2 is more beneficial to the growth of cabbage seedlings than the improved substrate.
Experimental example 2
Taking the improved composite substrate of the example 3, putting the improved composite substrate into a seedling raising pot (phi 14cm, height of 15cm), putting the substrate to be 2cm away from the pot mouth, taking unmodified composite substrate (waste stem and leaf compost of banana, 600g of coconut coir bran, 400g of coconut husk) as a contrast, cutting robust branches from a scindapsus aureus stock plant for cuttage, reserving 2 bud points for each cutting shoot, the length of each cutting shoot is about 10cm, reserving one leaf on the upper part, and preferably, the depth of each cutting shoot is not buried. After potting, placing in a ventilated and cool place, watering once a day to keep the matrix in the potting moist. After 45d of cuttage, the growth of the scindapsus aureus is determined by investigation and analysis, and the results are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2 Effect of different composite substrates on the growth of scindapsus aureus
As can be seen from Table 2 above, the method of example 3 results in a modified substrate that is more favorable for the growth of scindapsus aureus than the modified substrate.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of modifying a composite substrate, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing banana stems and leaves and coconut coir according to a weight ratio of 2: (1-3) mixing to obtain a mixture A;
s2, adding medical stone powder into the mixture A obtained in the step S1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B, wherein the mass of the medical stone powder is 3% -6% of the total mass of the banana stems and leaves and the coconut coir;
s3, in the step S2, adding 1-1.3L of modifier solution into each kilogram of mixture A to obtain a mixture C, wherein the modifier solution is a mixed solution consisting of humic acid with the concentration of 6-8 g/L and brown granulated sugar with the concentration of 4-6 g/L;
and S4, stacking the mixture B for 4-7 days at normal temperature.
2. The method for improving the composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the banana stem leaves to the coconut coir is 2:3, or 1:1, or 3: 2.
3. The method for improving a composite substrate according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the Maifanitum is 300-350 mesh.
4. The method for improving a composite substrate according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the medical stone powder is 325 mesh.
5. Improved composite matrix obtainable by a method for improving a composite matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The use of the improved composite substrate of claim 5 in seedling raising of flowering cabbage and cultivation of scindapsus aureus.
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| CN202010571721.3A CN111616020A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Improvement method and application of composite matrix |
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| CN202010571721.3A CN111616020A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Improvement method and application of composite matrix |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114158307A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-11 | 上海辰山植物园 | Improvement method of planting soil |
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| CN106256805A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-12-28 | 安庆市龙泉生态农林开发有限公司 | A kind of purple cuckoo tea growing nursery and culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106588411A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-26 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | Cotton breeding matrix |
| CN107896910A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of wheat original silkworm egg seedling in greenhouse nursery soil |
-
2020
- 2020-06-22 CN CN202010571721.3A patent/CN111616020A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104193508A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-12-10 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for preparing composite organic type environment-friendly seedling culture medium block |
| CN106256805A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-12-28 | 安庆市龙泉生态农林开发有限公司 | A kind of purple cuckoo tea growing nursery and culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106588411A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-26 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | Cotton breeding matrix |
| CN107896910A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of wheat original silkworm egg seedling in greenhouse nursery soil |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 匡石滋等: ""育苗轻型基质块配方研究"", 《中国农学通报》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114158307A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-11 | 上海辰山植物园 | Improvement method of planting soil |
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Application publication date: 20200904 |