CN111596224B - Percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit detection method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit detection method, wherein a detection circuit comprises an optical coupling isolation output circuit, a constant current source circuit, an analog switch circuit, an operational amplifier circuit and a driving operational amplifier circuit. The detection method comprises the steps of comparing output difference values of different channels by switching the analog switch, so as to judge whether the current state is in a short-circuit state. The sampled data is amplified by a high-precision instrument amplifier, passes through a filtering and shaping circuit and is isolated and output to an ADC circuit. The sampling frequency of the probe is 1 KHz. The circuit has the advantages of accuracy in short circuit detection method and good real-time performance, and can more effectively detect and protect the short circuit detection of the output probe electrode through the measurement of a high-precision device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electricity, in particular to a percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit detection method
Background
Aiming at the defects that the used circuit cannot effectively play the roles of detection and protection, the used ADC circuit has low precision and low sampling rate, the IC current of a triode is sensitive to temperature and the like in the conventional percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short-circuit protection method due to various reasons such as technology, method and the like. Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a novel percutaneous/transcutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit detection method, which adopts a high-precision ADC sampling circuit and a high-speed operational amplifier circuit, and has the advantages of simple circuit, high reliability, high stability to temperature, small current loss, wider input voltage range of the circuit and the like. The ADC precision is improved, so that the circuit detection efficiency is higher, the circuit detection precision is high, and the loop stability is better. The MOS tube has the advantages of extremely low working current, small Ron on-resistance, small internal consumption and the like. The MOS tube drive is adopted to ensure that the whole output short circuit detection circuit has the advantages of lower power consumption, small heat productivity and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting a short circuit of a percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation output aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a detection circuit of the detection method comprises an optical coupling isolation output circuit, a constant current source circuit, an analog switch circuit, an operational amplifier circuit and a driving operational amplifier circuit.
The optical coupling isolation output circuit comprises a first optical coupler and a second optical coupler; the analog switch circuit comprises an analog switch and a single chip microcomputer for controlling and selecting an analog switch channel, wherein the model of the single chip microcomputer is STC15W4K56S 4.
The input end of the constant current source circuit is connected to the percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation detection voltage, and the output end of the constant current source circuit and the collector electrode of the output end of the first optical coupler are connected to the first channel input pin of the analog switch. The emitter of the output end of the first optical coupler is connected to Pout2_ L; the emitter of the output terminal of the second optocoupler is connected to the input pin and the output pin of the second channel of the analog switch, and the collector of the output terminal of the second optocoupler is connected to Pout2_ R +. The anodes of the input ends of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler are connected with 3.3V voltage, and the cathodes of the input ends are connected with Spst _ 1. The input pin and the output pin of the first channel of the analog switch are connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier circuit, and the input pin and the output pin of the third channel of the analog switch are connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier circuit. The A, B pins of the analog switch are respectively connected with the control pins 4052_ B _ SEL1 and 4052_ B _ SEL2 of the single chip microcomputer and are used for controlling the channel of the selected analog switch. The output end of the operational amplifier circuit is connected with the forward input end of the driving operational amplifier circuit, and the reverse input end of the driving operational amplifier circuit is connected with the output end. The Pout2_ L and the Pout2_ R + are connected with the output of the front-end percutaneous/transcutaneous pin electrical stimulation output isolation transformer and connected with the sampling voltage output by the transformer; spst _1 is a control level pin. The detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) At the time t0, controlling the Spst _1 to output a low level, so that the optical coupling tubes of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler are opened;
(2) at the time of t0+ t1, t1 is the time required by the opening of the optical coupler, and after the optical coupler is delayed, at the time, Pout _2_ L-and Pout _2_ R + are conducted through the optical coupler;
(3) at the time of t0+ t1+ t2, generally, the time of t2 is about 2ms, two control pins 4052_ B _ SEL1 and 4052_ B _ SEL2 are controlled to output low levels respectively, at this time, the analog switch selects a first channel as an output channel, a voltage signal output by the operational amplifier circuit is amplified, a Temp _ Out _2 signal output by the driving operational amplifier circuit is sampled, and a result V0 value is obtained;
(4) at the time of t0+ t1+ t2+ t3, t3 delay is about 5ms generally, an analog switch is switched, two control pins output low level and high level respectively, a second channel is selected as an output channel by the analog switch, and a voltage value V1 is obtained through amplification by an operational amplifier circuit and sampling;
(5) the final output result, the value of V1-V0, is calculated, if V1-V0< TEMP0, the short circuit is generated, if V1-V0> TEMP0, the normal work is realized.
Furthermore, the constant current source circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode, a triode, a first resistor with one end connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode, and a second resistor with one end connected with the emitting electrode of the triode. The cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with 12V voltage, and the base of the triode is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode. The collector of the triode is the output end of the constant current source circuit. The other end of the first resistor is grounded, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with 12V voltage.
Further, the operational amplifier circuit is an AD620 operational amplifier circuit. The AD620 operational amplifier circuit includes that first fortune is put, locate first fortune and put the third resistance between forward input and the output, locate first fortune and put the first electric capacity between forward input and the reverse input, the fourth resistance that the forward input links to each other is put with first fortune to one end, the fifth resistance that reverse input links to each other is put with first fortune to one end, the sixth resistance that the output links to each other is put with first fortune to one end, the second electric capacity that links to each other with the other end of sixth resistance. The other ends of the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are respectively a forward input end, a reverse input end and an output end of the AD620 operational amplifier circuit, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded. The pins 4 and 5 of the first operational amplifier are grounded.
Further, the model of the analog switch is CD 4066.
Further, t1 is about 2-5 ms.
Further, by repeatedly performing the above steps every T1, a continuous monitoring of the transcutaneous/transcutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit is achieved.
Further, the TEMP0 is obtained by initializing calibration adjustment, specifically as follows:
and (3) the channel is short-circuited, and an ADC value is obtained by sampling the ADC value, wherein the ADC value is U0, an initial value TEMP0 is U0R 0, and the value of R0 is generally 0.8.
Furthermore, a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor are respectively arranged at the front ends of the collectors at the output ends of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler.
Further, the output waveform of the percutaneous/trans-needle electrical stimulation is a continuous wave, a hydrophobic wave, or an intermittent wave.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the acquisition and amplification of analog quantity are realized by adopting a high-precision instrument amplifier circuit, and compared with the traditional method adopting a common operational amplifier, the precision is higher and the efficiency is higher. Combining low on-resistance and high speed switching of the analog switch. The short circuit detection can finish multiple sampling in a short time, and the short circuit detection efficiency is higher through the characteristics of software filtering algorithm, multi-channel acquisition and the like. The constant current source circuit of the invention adopts a high-precision voltage stabilization and triode constant current mode to drive output, and the output current does not change along with the load.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit detection method, as shown in figure 1, a detection circuit of the method comprises an optical coupling isolation output circuit, a constant current source circuit, an analog switch circuit, an operational amplifier circuit and a driving operational amplifier circuit. Specifically, the circuit comprises an optocoupler U20/U21, a single chip microcomputer, a voltage stabilizing diode U25, a seventh resistor R59, an eighth resistor R60, a first resistor R56, a second resistor R55, a third resistor R15, a fourth resistor R10, a fifth resistor R11, a sixth resistor R17, an analog switch U10, a first operational amplifier, namely an instrument amplifier U1, a driving operational amplifier circuit, namely an operational amplifier U7, a first capacitor C12, a second capacitor C13, a triode Q1 and other components.
The instrumentation amplifier U1 in the invention can adopt products such as ti, maxim and the like, and the operational amplifier U7 can adopt OP 07; the seventh resistor R59 and the eighth resistor R60 are generally 100-300 ohms; the second resistance R55 is typically 3.7kohm and the first resistance R56 is typically 1 kohm. The zener diode U25 is typically a 2.5V zener chip, which may be of the type TL 431. The fourth resistor R10 and the fifth resistor R11 are typically 100 ohm-300 ohm. The sixth resistor R17 is typically 2Kohm and the second capacitor C13 is typically 0.1 uF. The transistor Q1 is 8550 and the analog switch U10 is CD 4066. The model of the optical coupler U20/U21 is G3 VM-401G. The singlechip adopts STC15W4K56S 4. The detection circuit of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific components.
As shown in FIG. 1, Pout _2_ L-is connected to pin 4 of the first optocoupler U20, pin 1 of the first optocoupler U20 is connected to 3.3V, and pin 6 of the first optocoupler U20 is connected to pin 1 of the analog switch U10. The pin 3 of the first optocoupler U20 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R59, while the other end of the seventh resistor R59 is connected to Spst _ 1.
The front-end percutaneous/transcutaneous electrical stimulation output isolation transformer is connected with the output end of the front-end percutaneous/transcutaneous electrical stimulation output isolation transformer through the Pout2_ L and Pout2_ R +, and is connected with the sampling voltage output by the transformer; and the Spst _1 is a control level pin on the singlechip.
Meanwhile, in the constant current source circuit, the cathode of the zener diode U25 is connected to 12V, the anode of the zener diode U25 is connected to one end of the first resistor R56, and the other end of the first resistor R56 is connected to ground. The positive terminal of U25 is also connected to the base of transistor Q1. While the emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to one terminal of a second resistor R55. The other end of the second resistor R55 is connected to 12V. Wherein, the 12V voltage connected with the constant current source circuit is the output voltage of the percutaneous/percutaneous acupuncture needle instrument. The collector of the transistor Q1 is also connected to pin 12 of the analog switch U10. The 1 pin and the 12 pin of the analog switch U10 are connected. The 16 pin of the analog switch U10 is connected to 3.3V. The pins 9 and 10 of the analog switch U10 are respectively connected with the control pins 4052_ B _ SEL1 and 4052_ B _ SEL2 of the single chip microcomputer, and are used for controlling the analog switch to select a specific channel to work, so that the voltage value of each channel is output, and when the values of 4052_ B _ SEL1 and 4052_ B _ SEL2 are 1 and 0, the channel 2 works. The collected voltage is the voltage value of the system. Pins 7 and 8 of analog switch U10 are connected to ground, respectively. Pins 3 and 13 of the analog switch U10 are respectively connected to one end of a fifth resistor R11, while the other end of the fifth resistor R11 is connected to one end of a first capacitor C12 and to pin 2 of the instrumentation amplifier U1 of the AD 620. Pins 1 and 12 of the analog switch U10 are connected to one end of a fourth resistor R10, while the other end of the fourth resistor R10 is connected to the other end of the first capacitor C12 and pin 3 of the instrumentation amplifier U1. The pins 1 and 8 of the instrumentation amplifier U1 are connected to the two ends of the third resistor R15, respectively. Meanwhile, the 4 pin of the instrumentation amplifier U1 is grounded, and the 5 pin is grounded. The 6-pin output pin of the instrumentation amplifier U1 is connected to one end of a sixth resistor R17. The other end of the sixth resistor R17 is connected to the second capacitor C13. The other terminal of the second capacitor C13 is connected to ground. Meanwhile, the other end of the sixth resistor R17 is connected to pin 3 of another operational amplifier U7. The 2 pin of the operational amplifier U7 is connected with the 6 pin of the operational amplifier U7 as the final analog output pin.
The basic principle of the detection circuit is that when the output electrode slice is short-circuited in a percutaneous or needle mode, the effective direct current impedance between the two probes is below 100ohm, and if the output electrode works normally, the direct current impedance of the probes is above 1 Kohm. And the direct current impedance between the two probes is sampled from time to time, so that whether the current state is in a short circuit state or not is judged. The sampled data is amplified by a high-precision instrument amplifier, passes through a filtering and shaping circuit and is isolated and output to an ADC circuit. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) at the time t0, controlling the Spst _1 to output a low level, so that the optical coupling tubes of the first optical coupler U20 and the second optical coupler U21 are opened;
(2) at the time of t0+ t1, t1 is the time required by the opening of the optical coupler, and after the optical coupler is delayed, at the time, Pout _2_ L-and Pout _2_ R + are conducted through the optical coupler; in general, t1 is about 2-5ms
(3) At the time t0+ t1+ t2, generally the time t2 is about 2ms, two control pins 4052_ B _ SEL1 and 4052_ B _ SEL2 are controlled to output low levels respectively, at this time, the analog switch U10 selects a first channel as an output channel, the output voltage signal is amplified by the operational amplifier circuit, and the CPU samples a Temp _ Out _2 signal output by the driving operational amplifier circuit to obtain a result V0 value;
(4) At the time of t0+ t1+ t2+ t3, t3 delay is about 5ms generally, an analog switch U10 is switched, two control pins output a low level and a high level respectively, the analog switch U10 selects a second channel as an output channel, the output channel is amplified by an operational amplifier circuit, and a voltage value V1 is obtained through sampling;
(5) the final output result, the value of V1-V0, is calculated, if V1-V0< TEMP0, the short circuit is generated, if V1-V0> TEMP0, the normal work is realized.
The TEMP0 is obtained by initializing, calibrating and adjusting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the channel is short-circuited, namely two electrode pins on the electric acupuncture instrument are short-circuited, then a Temp _ Out _2 signal output by the driving operational amplifier circuit is sampled, and the ADC value is U0, the initial value TEMP0 is U0 by R0, and the value of R0 is generally 0.8. The TEMP0 is stored in EEPROM.
In addition, continuous monitoring of the transcutaneous/transcutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit may be achieved by repeatedly performing the above steps every T1. Preferably, the sampling frequency is 1 KHz.
The output waveform that can be applied to the percutaneous/transcutaneous needle electrical stimulation by the method of the present invention is a continuous wave, a hydrophobic wave, or an intermittent wave.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned list is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A percutaneous/percutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit detection method is characterized in that a detection circuit comprises an optical coupling isolation output circuit, a constant current source circuit, an analog switch circuit, an operational amplifier circuit and a driving operational amplifier circuit;
the optically coupled isolated output circuit comprises a first optical coupler (U20) and a second optical coupler (U21); the analog switch circuit comprises an analog switch (U10) and a single chip microcomputer for controlling and selecting an analog switch channel, wherein the model of the single chip microcomputer is STC15W4K56S 4;
the input end of the constant current source circuit is connected with the percutaneous/transcutaneous needle electrical stimulation detection voltage, and the output end of the constant current source circuit and the collector electrode of the output end of the first optical coupler (U20) are connected to the first channel input pin of the analog switch; the emitter of the output end of the first optocoupler (U20) is connected to Pout2_ L; the emitter of the output end of the second optical coupler (U21) is connected with the input pin and the output pin of the second channel of the analog switch (U10), and the collector of the output end of the second optical coupler (U21) is connected to Pout2_ R +; the anodes of the input ends of the first optical coupler (U20) and the second optical coupler (U21) are both connected with 3.3V voltage, and the cathodes of the input ends are both connected to Spst _ 1; an input pin and an output pin of a first channel of the analog switch (U10) are connected with a positive input end of the operational amplifier circuit, and an input pin and an output pin of a third channel of the analog switch (U10) are connected with a negative input end of the operational amplifier circuit; the A, B pin of the analog switch (U10) is respectively connected with the control pins 4052_ B _ SEL1 and 4052_ B _ SEL2 of the single chip microcomputer and is used for controlling the channel of the selection analog switch (U10); the output end of the operational amplifier circuit is connected with the forward input end of the driving operational amplifier circuit, and the reverse input end of the driving operational amplifier circuit is connected with the output end; the Pout2_ L and the Pout2_ R + are connected with the output of the front-end percutaneous/transcutaneous pin electrical stimulation output isolation transformer and connected with the sampling voltage output by the transformer; spst _1 is a control level pin; the detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) At the time t0, controlling the Spst _1 to output a low level, so that the optical coupling tubes of the first optical coupler (U20) and the second optical coupler (U21) are opened;
(2) at the time of t0+ t1, t1 is the time required by opening the optical coupler, and after the optical coupler delays, at the time, Pout _2_ L-and Pout _2_ R + are conducted through the optical coupler;
(3) at the time of t0+ t1+ t2, the time of t2 is 2ms, two control pins 4052_ B _ SEL1 and 4052_ B _ SEL2 are controlled to output low levels respectively, at the time, an analog switch (U10) selects a first channel as an output channel, the output voltage signal is amplified by an operational amplifier circuit, and a Temp _ Out _2 signal output by the operational amplifier circuit is sampled and driven, so that a result V0 value is obtained;
(4) at the time of t0+ t1+ t2+ t3, the delay of t3 is 5ms, an analog switch (U10) is switched, two control pins respectively output a low level and a high level, the analog switch (U10) selects a second channel as an output channel, the output channel is amplified by an operational amplifier circuit, and a voltage value V1 is obtained through sampling;
(5) the final output, V1-V0 values, are calculated, short-circuited if V1-V0< TEMP0, and working normally if V1-V0> TEMP 0.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the constant current source circuit comprises a zener diode (U25), a transistor (Q1), a first resistor (R56) having one end connected to the positive electrode of the zener diode (U25), and a second resistor (R55) having one end connected to the emitter of the transistor (Q1); the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode (U25) is connected with 12V voltage, and the base of the triode (Q1) is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode (U25); the collector of the triode (Q1) is the output end of the constant current source circuit; the other end of the first resistor (R56) is grounded, and the other end of the second resistor (R55) is connected with 12V voltage.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the operational amplifier circuit is an AD620 operational amplifier circuit; the AD620 operational amplifier circuit comprises a first operational amplifier (U1), a third resistor (R15) arranged between a forward input end and an output end of the first operational amplifier (U1), a first capacitor (C12) arranged between the forward input end and a reverse input end of the first operational amplifier (U1), a fourth resistor (R10) with one end connected with the forward input end of the first operational amplifier (U1), a fifth resistor (R11) with one end connected with the reverse input end of the first operational amplifier (U1), a sixth resistor (R17) with one end connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier (U1), and a second capacitor (C13) connected with the other end of the sixth resistor (R17); the other ends of the fourth resistor (R10), the fifth resistor (R11) and the sixth resistor (R17) are divided into a positive input end, a reverse input end and an output end of the AD620 operational amplifier circuit, and the other end of the second capacitor (C13) is grounded; the pins 4 and 5 of the first operational amplifier (U1) are grounded.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the analog switch is of a type CD 4066.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein t1 is 2-5 ms.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein continuous monitoring of the transcutaneous/transcutaneous needle electrical stimulation output short circuit is achieved by repeating the above steps every T1.
7. The method of detecting a short circuit in the output of transcutaneous/transcutaneous needle electrical stimulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the TEMP0 is obtained by initializing calibration adjustments as follows:
and (3) short-circuiting the channel, and sampling the ADC value to obtain an ADC value of U0, wherein an initial value TEMP0 is U0R 0, and a value of R0 is 0.8.
8. The method for detecting the short circuit of the electrical stimulation output of the percutaneous/percutaneous needle according to claim 1, wherein a seventh resistor (R59) and an eighth resistor (R60) are respectively arranged at the front ends of the collector electrodes of the output ends of the first optical coupler (U20) and the second optical coupler (U21).
9. The transcutaneous/transcutaneous-needle electrostimulation output short-circuit detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the output waveform of the transcutaneous/transcutaneous-needle electrostimulation is a continuous wave, a hydrophobic wave, or an intermittent wave.
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