CN111593197A - Method for removing iron from bauxite by suspension roasting dehydration dry method - Google Patents
Method for removing iron from bauxite by suspension roasting dehydration dry method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111593197A CN111593197A CN202010473974.7A CN202010473974A CN111593197A CN 111593197 A CN111593197 A CN 111593197A CN 202010473974 A CN202010473974 A CN 202010473974A CN 111593197 A CN111593197 A CN 111593197A
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- bauxite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/10—Roasting processes in fluidised form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
Abstract
A method for removing iron from bauxite by a suspension roasting dehydration dry method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing and grinding bauxite to obtain fine ore; (2) conveying the fine ore to a pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace, wherein the fine ore is in a suspension state under the action of airflow and negative pressure, heating to 750-850 ℃, performing pre-oxidation roasting to remove adsorbed water, and remaining oxidation slag powder; (3) introducing the oxidized slag powder into a reduction roasting furnace, and carrying out reduction roasting at 650-700 ℃ to obtain residual reduced slag powder; (4) cooling the reduced slag powder, and then carrying out dry grinding to prepare secondary fine ore; (5) and magnetically separating the secondary fine ore by using a dry magnetic separator to obtain a non-magnetic product, namely high-grade aluminum concentrate. The method can eliminate the restriction of water on bauxite beneficiation, has strong adaptability to bauxite beneficiation in different areas, and is particularly suitable for areas lacking water resources; the process flow is simple, the efficiency is high, the adaptability is strong, and the equipment is easy to realize large-scale and industrialization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ore dressing, and particularly relates to a method for removing iron from bauxite by a suspension roasting dehydration dry method.
Background
The main mineral compositions of bauxite are gibbsite, boehmite and diaspore, wherein the main mineral compositions of iron minerals are hematite, limonite and goethite; under the condition of the same bauxite transportation amount, the weight of the bauxite can be obviously reduced by removing the crystal water and the iron minerals of the minerals in the bauxite, and the transportation amount of the aluminum oxide in the bauxite can be effectively improved; therefore, the quality of imported bauxite is improved, the transportation cost of the imported bauxite of alumina production enterprises of various countries is reduced, direct economic benefits can be achieved, and the method has important significance for low-carbon and green development.
Patent CN201610294513.7 discloses a method for separating iron and aluminum from high-iron bauxite, which proposes mixing high-iron bauxite powder with sodium hydroxide, limestone and water to make pellets, placing the high-iron bauxite pellets in a shaft furnace for direct reduction roasting after oxidation roasting, and obtaining aluminum enrichment and metallic iron through cooling, water grinding and wet magnetic separation; the iron-aluminum separation is realized, but the iron-aluminum separation needs to be carried out at the temperature of more than 1300 ℃ for oxidation roasting, and needs to be carried out at the temperature of more than 850 ℃ for direct reduction roasting for 3.5-4 hours, so that the defects of high energy consumption, low treatment capacity and the like exist, and the problem that the metal iron is easily oxidized again in the ore grinding and drying processes exists.
Patent CN201910374809.3 discloses a method for comprehensively utilizing iron and aluminum in high-iron bauxite, which proposes to use an acid solution to leach high-iron bauxite through stepwise oxidation, reduction and precipitation technologies to separate iron and aluminum, and recycle leachate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing bauxite processing technology, the invention provides a method for removing iron from bauxite by a suspension roasting dehydration dry method.
The method of the invention is carried out according to the following steps:
1. crushing bauxite until the grain diameter is less than or equal to 15mm, then grinding until the part with the grain diameter of-0.074 mm accounts for more than or equal to 80 percent of the total mass, and obtaining fine ore; the bauxite contains Al according to the mass percentage2O330～55％，TFe 10～35％；
2. Conveying the fine ore into a pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace with a burner at the bottom, wherein the top of the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is communicated with an induced draft fan through a pipeline; igniting coal gas and air through a burner to generate high-temperature flue gas under the condition of starting an induced draft fan, enabling the fine ore to be in a suspension state under the action of airflow and negative pressure, heating to 750-850 ℃, performing pre-oxidation roasting to remove adsorption water, and taking the residual solid material after the pre-oxidation roasting as oxide slag powder;
3. introducing the oxidized slag powder into a reduction roasting furnace, wherein the top of the reduction roasting furnace is communicated with an induced draft fan through a pipeline; introducing coal gas and nitrogen from the bottom of the reduction roasting furnace under the condition of starting an induced draft fan, keeping the oxidized slag powder in a suspension state under the action of air flow and negative pressure, and carrying out reduction roasting at 650-700 ℃, wherein the weak magnetic Fe2O3By reduction to ferromagnetic Fe3O4The residual solid material after reduction roasting is used as reduction slag powder;
4. after the reduced slag powder is cooled to normal temperature, dry grinding is carried out by a dry grinding machine until the part with the particle size of-0.074 mm accounts for more than or equal to 90 percent of the total mass, and secondary fine ore is prepared;
5. and (3) carrying out magnetic separation on the secondary fine ore by adopting a dry magnetic separator, wherein the obtained nonmagnetic product is high-grade aluminum concentrate, and the magnetic product is iron-containing tailings.
In the step 2, the main reaction formula of the pre-oxidation roasting is as follows:
2Al(OH)3＝Al2O3+3H2O、
2Al(OOH)＝Al2O3+H2o and
mFe2O3·nH2O＝mFe2O3+nH2O。
in the step 2, the retention time of the fine ore in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 2-15 min.
In the step 3, the introduction amount of the coal gas is determined according to the H in the coal gas2CO and Fe in fine ore2O31.1-1.3 times of the amount required by the complete reaction theory is introduced, and the reaction formula of the complete reaction is as follows:
Fe2O3+H2/CO＝Fe2O3+CO2/H2O。
in the step 3, the volume concentration of the coal gas in the reduction roasting furnace is 25-40%.
In the step 3, the retention time of the oxide slag powder in the reduction roasting furnace is 20-60 min.
In the step 4, the materials after the dry grinding are classified by wind power, the settled sand obtained by the wind power classification is returned to the dry grinding machine, and the overflow is used as secondary fine ore.
In the step 5, the magnetic field intensity of the dry magnetic separation is 1100-1200 Oe.
The high-grade aluminum concentrate contains less than or equal to 6 percent of TFe and Al according to mass percent2O365～80％。
In the method, the recovery rate of the alumina is 80-85%.
Compared with the method for removing iron by dehydrating bauxite, the method has the advantages that the aluminum concentrate product meets the raw material requirement of producing aluminum oxide by the Bayer process, can effectively treat different types of bauxite, and can effectively remove crystal water and iron minerals of various minerals in the bauxite; gas is adopted to carry out suspension roasting on the bauxite, the heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency is high compared with static roasting, and iron minerals impregnated by fine particles in the bauxite can be fully reduced; the dry grinding-dry magnetic separation method can eliminate the restriction of water on bauxite beneficiation, has strong adaptability to bauxite beneficiation in different areas, and is particularly suitable for areas lacking water resources. The invention has simple process flow, high efficiency and strong adaptability, and the equipment is easy to realize large-scale and industrialization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for removing iron from bauxite by a suspension roasting dehydration dry method in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The bauxite adopted in the implementation of the invention contains Al according to the mass percentage2O330～55％，TFe 10～35％，SiO22～10％。
The dry ore mill used in the examples of the present invention is a commercially available product.
The dry magnetic separator adopted in the embodiment of the invention is a commercial product.
Example 1
The flow is shown in figure 1;
crushing bauxite until the grain diameter is less than or equal to 15mm, then grinding until the part with the grain diameter of-0.074 mm accounts for 80 percent of the total mass, and obtaining fine ore; the bauxite contains Al according to the mass percentage2O351.63％，TFe 19.75％，SiO22.84％；
Conveying the fine ore into a pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace with a burner at the bottom, wherein the top of the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is communicated with an induced draft fan through a pipeline; under the condition of starting an induced draft fan, igniting coal gas and air through a burner to generate high-temperature flue gas, enabling the fine ore to be in a suspension state under the action of airflow and negative pressure, heating to 750 ℃, performing pre-oxidation roasting to remove adsorption water, and taking the residual solid material after the pre-oxidation roasting as oxide slag powder; the retention time of the fine ore in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 15 min;
introducing the oxidized slag powder into a reduction roasting furnace, wherein the top of the reduction roasting furnace is communicated with an induced draft fan through a pipeline; introducing coal gas and nitrogen from the bottom of the reduction roasting furnace under the condition of starting the induced draft fan, keeping the oxidized slag powder in a suspension state under the action of air flow and negative pressure, and carrying out reduction roasting at 650 ℃ to obtain weak-magnetic Fe2O3By reduction to ferromagnetic Fe3O4The residual solid material after reduction roasting is used as reduction slag powder; the input of the coal gas is according to H in the coal gas2CO and Fe in fine ore2O31.1 times of the amount theoretically required for complete reaction; volume concentration of coal gas in reduction roasting furnace40 percent; the retention time of the oxidized slag powder in the reduction roasting furnace is 60 min;
cooling the reduced slag powder to normal temperature, carrying out dry grinding by using a dry grinding machine, carrying out wind classification on the materials subjected to dry grinding, returning settled sand obtained by wind classification to the dry grinding machine, and preparing secondary powder ore by using a part with an overflow particle size of-0.074 mm accounting for 90% of the total mass;
carrying out magnetic separation on the secondary fine ore by adopting a dry magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the dry magnetic separation is 1100Oe, the obtained nonmagnetic product is high-grade aluminum concentrate, and the magnetic product is iron-containing tailings;
the high-grade aluminum concentrate contains 5.37 percent of TFe and Al according to the mass percentage2O375.21 percent; the recovery rate of alumina is 80.53%.
Example 2
The method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) the part which is ground to the particle size of-0.074 mm accounts for 85 percent of the total mass; the bauxite contains Al according to the mass percentage2O340.56％， TFe 22.07％，SiO22.93％；
(2) The pre-oxidation roasting temperature is 800 ℃; the retention time of the fine ore in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 10 min;
(3) reducing and roasting at 680 deg.c with the amount of coal gas introduced being H2CO and Fe in fine ore2O31.2 times of the amount required by the complete reaction theory is introduced; the volume concentration of the coal gas in the reduction roasting furnace is 30 percent; the retention time of the oxidized slag powder in the reduction roasting furnace is 40 min;
(4) the part with the overflow grain diameter of-0.074 mm accounts for 95 percent of the total mass and is used as secondary fine ore;
(5) the magnetic field intensity of the dry magnetic separation is 1200Oe, the high-grade aluminum concentrate contains 5.72 percent of TFe and Al according to the mass percentage2O365.38 percent; the recovery rate of alumina was 81.21%.
Example 3
The method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) the part which is ground to the particle size of-0.074 mm accounts for 90 percent of the total mass; the bauxite contains Al according to the mass percentage2O333.67％， TFe 31.34％，SiO25.86％；
(2) The pre-oxidation roasting temperature is 850 ℃; the retention time of the fine ore in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 2 min;
(3) reducing and roasting at 700 deg.c with the amount of coal gas being H2CO and Fe in fine ore2O31.3 times of the amount theoretically required for complete reaction; the volume concentration of the coal gas in the reduction roasting furnace is 25 percent; the retention time of the oxidized slag powder in the reduction roasting furnace is 20 min;
(4) the part with the overflow grain diameter of-0.074 mm accounts for 95 percent of the total mass and is used as secondary fine ore;
(5) the magnetic field intensity of the dry magnetic separation is 1200Oe, the high-grade aluminum concentrate contains 3.29 percent of TFe and Al according to the mass percentage2O367.94 percent; the recovery rate of alumina is 84.2%.
Claims (9)
1. A method for removing iron from bauxite by a suspension roasting dehydration dry method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing bauxite until the grain diameter is less than or equal to 15mm, then grinding until the part with the grain diameter of-0.074 mm accounts for more than or equal to 80 percent of the total mass, and obtaining fine ore; the bauxite contains Al according to the mass percentage2O330～55％，TFe 10～35％；
(2) Conveying the fine ore into a pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace with a burner at the bottom, wherein the top of the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is communicated with an induced draft fan through a pipeline; igniting coal gas and air through a burner to generate high-temperature flue gas under the condition of starting an induced draft fan, enabling the fine ore to be in a suspension state under the action of airflow and negative pressure, heating to 750-850 ℃, performing pre-oxidation roasting to remove adsorption water, and taking the residual solid material after the pre-oxidation roasting as oxide slag powder;
(3) introducing the oxidized slag powder into a reduction roasting furnace, wherein the top of the reduction roasting furnace is communicated with an induced draft fan through a pipeline; introducing coal gas and nitrogen from the bottom of the reduction roasting furnace under the condition of starting an induced draft fan, keeping the oxidized slag powder in a suspension state under the action of air flow and negative pressure, and carrying out reduction roasting at 650-700 ℃, wherein the weak magnetic Fe2O3By reduction to produce strong magnetismFe (b) of3O4The residual solid material after reduction roasting is used as reduction slag powder;
(4) after the reduced slag powder is cooled to normal temperature, dry grinding is carried out by a dry grinding machine until the part with the particle size of-0.074 mm accounts for more than or equal to 90 percent of the total mass, and secondary fine ore is prepared;
(5) and (3) carrying out magnetic separation on the secondary fine ore by adopting a dry magnetic separator, wherein the obtained nonmagnetic product is high-grade aluminum concentrate, and the magnetic product is iron-containing tailings.
2. The method for removing iron from bauxite by the dry method through suspension roasting and dehydration according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the retention time of the fine ore in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 2-15 min.
3. The method for removing iron from bauxite by the dry method through suspension roasting and dehydration process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the amount of coal gas is introduced according to the amount of H in the coal gas2CO and Fe in fine ore2O31.1-1.3 times of the amount required by the complete reaction theory is introduced, and the reaction formula of the complete reaction is as follows:
Fe2O3+H2/CO＝Fe2O3+CO2/H2O。
4. the method for removing iron from bauxite by the dry method through suspension roasting and dehydration process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the volume concentration of coal gas in the reduction roasting furnace is 25-40%.
5. The method for removing iron from bauxite by the dry method through suspension roasting and dehydration according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the retention time of the oxide slag powder in the reduction roasting furnace is 20-60 min.
6. The method for removing iron from bauxite by the dry method through suspension roasting and dehydration according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the material after the dry grinding is subjected to wind classification, the sand setting obtained by the wind classification is returned to the dry grinding machine, and the overflow is used as secondary fine ore.
7. The method for removing iron from bauxite by the dry method through suspension roasting and dehydration according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the magnetic field intensity of the dry magnetic separation is 1100-1200 Oe.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-grade aluminum concentrate contains, by mass, not more than 6% of TFe and not more than 6% of Al2O365～80％。
9. The method for removing iron from bauxite by the dry method through suspension roasting and dehydration according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the recovery rate of alumina is 80-85%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113880122A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 遵义能矿投资股份有限公司 | Method for preparing fine ore from bauxite |
| CN116426768A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-07-14 | 东北大学 | Method for synchronously reducing and cooperatively recycling cobalt and iron in cobalt oxide ore by dry method |
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| CN107460307A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of high-iron bauxite suspension roasting utilization system and method |
| CN107686886A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-02-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of method of the suspension roasting separation ferro-aluminum of high-iron bauxite |
| CN111118281A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-08 | 东北大学 | Method for separating titanium and iron from seaside placer based on suspension roasting |
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2020
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| US3983210A (en) * | 1970-09-30 | 1976-09-28 | Det Norske Zinkkompani A/S | Process for separation of iron from metal sulphate solutions in hydrometallurgic processes |
| CN102921547A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 北方重工集团有限公司 | Dry type ore dressing process for iron ore |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113880122A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 遵义能矿投资股份有限公司 | Method for preparing fine ore from bauxite |
| CN116426768A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-07-14 | 东北大学 | Method for synchronously reducing and cooperatively recycling cobalt and iron in cobalt oxide ore by dry method |
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