CN111592367B - 高炉出铁口用无水炮泥 - Google Patents

高炉出铁口用无水炮泥 Download PDF

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CN111592367B
CN111592367B CN202010505163.0A CN202010505163A CN111592367B CN 111592367 B CN111592367 B CN 111592367B CN 202010505163 A CN202010505163 A CN 202010505163A CN 111592367 B CN111592367 B CN 111592367B
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丁丰收
李旭柯
晁尚奎
校小帅
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Zhengzhou Ruiwo New Material Co ltd
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REWELL REFRACTORY (ZHENGZHOU) CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高炉出铁口用无水炮泥，是由回收的鱼雷罐衬砖、铁水沟浇注料、碳化硅板、碳化硅碳砖、滑板、硅莫砖和成品原料叶腊石、氮化硅铁、高温沥青粉、粘土粉和混合油结合剂按一定的重量份配比配制而成。本发明根据无水炮泥的材质和特性，较大比例的采用相近材质的回收耐火材料取代了原生耐火材料，同时取消了传统无水炮泥生产时必须加入的焦炭粒、绢云母等非耐火原料，降低了无水炮泥材料成本，不但节约了宝贵的原生矿产资源，同时也减少了工业固废排放对于生态环境的破坏，符合国家资源循环利用政策。本发明制备的无水炮泥产品经过炉前实际使用，其应用效果达到并超过了现有的无水炮泥产品。

Description

高炉出铁口用无水炮泥
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料，尤其是涉及一种高炉出铁口用无水炮泥。
背景技术
出铁口是炼铁高炉或矿热电炉的重要组成部分，是冶炼产品流出炉体的必要通道。无水炮泥则是用于封堵炼铁高炉或矿热电炉出铁口的专用耐材，起到渣铁出口通道开关的作用。为保证封堵效果，要求无水炮泥产品具有易打泥、堵口严密、泥包稳定、易开口、铁口深度稳定、不潮泥、耐冲刷、耐侵蚀、出铁时间长等性能，并同时具有有效的保护炉缸的出铁口区域、稳定出铁操作、提高铁水产出率的功能。
目前市场上销售的无水炮泥多采用高铝矾土、石墨、焦粒及90碳化硅为主要原材料，市场价格超过3500～4000元/吨，由于出铁口开闭操作频繁，使得无水炮泥消耗量很大，导致生产成本较高。
对用后耐材进行合理的回收利用，不仅能大大减少原材的消耗量，也可减少工业固废对生态环境造成的破坏。目前世界各国都开展了对用后耐火材料的研究，国外有些钢厂的耐火材料回收利用率达到了80%，而我国对用后耐材的回收率仅为30%左右，远低于发达国家。
鱼雷罐衬砖、铁水沟浇注料、碳化硅板、碳化硅碳砖、滑板、硅莫砖等均是冶炼行业中常用的耐材，在对设备进行保养和维修时，一些用后的耐材被更换废弃，如果能将其作为无水炮泥的原材料加以应用，则可大大降低无水炮泥的原料成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有无水炮泥原材料成本高的缺陷，提供一种利用回收的耐火材料作为原材料配制的高炉出铁口用无水炮泥，既降低了无水炮泥的原材料成本，同时也减少了工业固废排放对生态环境的破坏。
为实现上述目的，本发明可采取下述技术方案：
本发明所述的高炉出铁口用无水炮泥，是由回收的鱼雷罐衬砖、铁水沟浇注料、碳化硅板、碳化硅碳砖、滑板、硅莫砖和成品原料叶腊石、氮化硅铁、高温沥青粉、粘土粉和混合油结合剂按下述重量份配比配制而成：
回收鱼雷罐衬砖30～50份，其中粒度0~4mm的颗粒料25～40份，200目的粉料5~10份；
回收铁水沟浇注料0～18份，其中粒度0~4mm的颗粒料0～8份，120目的粉料0~10份；
回收碳化硅板10～15份，120目粉料；
回收碳化硅碳砖0～13份，粒度0～1mm颗粒料；
回收滑板0～15份，粒度0～1mm颗粒料；
回收硅莫砖0～35份，粒度1～4mm颗粒料；
叶蜡石0～13份，粒度0～1mm颗粒料；
氮化硅铁0～12份；
高温沥青粉2～5份；
200目粘土粉8～11份；
混合油结合剂按物料总重量的16～20%添加。
需要注意的是：当回收滑板、回收硅莫砖、叶蜡石同时为零时，回收铁水沟浇注、回收碳化硅碳砖和氮化硅铁不能同时为零。
为保证配制的无水炮泥产品的质量满足使用要求，对所用回收料和成品原料的质量要求如下：
本发明所用的回收鱼雷罐衬砖中Al2O3≥55%，SiC≥8%，C≥4%，Fe2O3≤2.5%。
本发明所用的回收铁水沟浇注料中Al2O3≥55%，SiC≥12%，C≥3%，Fe2O3≤2.5%。
本发明所用的回收碳化硅板中SiC≥80%；所述回收碳化硅碳砖中SiC≥18%，C≥55%。
本发明所用的回收滑板中Al2O3≥65%，SiC≥4%，C≥6%；所述回收硅莫砖中Al2O3≥45%，SiO2≥20%，SiC≥3%。
本发明所用的叶蜡石中Al2O3≥14%，SiO2≥68%，水分 ≤3。
本发明所用的氮化硅铁中Si含量45～50%，Fe含量14～17%，N含量25～35%。
本发明所用的高温沥青粉的软化点≥125℃，固定碳≥58%，灰份≤0.6%。
本发明所用的粘土粉中Al2O3≥30%，SiO2≥50%，水分 ≤3%。
本发明所用的混合油结合剂采用煤焦油和蒽油按照0.8～0.95:0.05～0.2之重量份配比配制而成。
首先将回收的鱼雷罐衬砖、铁水沟浇注料、碳化硅板、碳化硅碳砖、滑板、硅莫砖分别进行成分检测，满足使用要求后，进行拣选、去杂，分别破碎成符合要求的颗粒料或/和粉料，将以上回收料和成品原料叶腊石、氮化硅铁、高温沥青粉、粘土粉分别准确称量后一起放入混碾机中混碾搅拌，然后加入混合油结合剂充分混合均匀后通过挤泥机成型制得成品，单块分别用塑料膜包裹后入库。
本发明的优点在于根据无水炮泥的材质和特性，较大比例的采用相近材质的回收耐火材料取代了原生耐火材料，同时取消了传统无水炮泥生产时必须加入的焦炭粒、绢云母等非耐火原料，降低了无水炮泥材料成本，不但节约了宝贵的原生矿产资源，同时也减少了工业固废排放对于生态环境的破坏，符合国家资源循环利用政策。
本发明制备的无水炮泥产品经过炉前实际使用，可以满足无水炮泥的易打泥、堵口严密、泥包稳定、易开口、铁口深度稳定、不潮泥、耐冲刷、耐侵蚀、出铁时间长等性能，其应用效果达到并超过了现有的无水炮泥产品，但由于添加了较大比例的回收耐材原料，销售价格仅为2500～3000元/吨，远低于使用原生耐火材料制成的无水炮泥产品。并同时能够有效的保护炉缸的出铁口区域，稳定出铁操作，提高铁水产出率。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明做更加详细的说明，以便于本领域技术人员的理解。
本发明所用的回收耐材，包括鱼雷罐衬砖、铁水沟浇注料、碳化硅板、碳化硅碳砖、滑板、硅莫砖均为本行业作为固废的用后耐材，用时需先进行成分检测，满足组分要求后才可使用；原料叶腊石、氮化硅铁、高温沥青粉、粘土粉以及配制混合油结合剂的煤焦油和蒽油均为市售产品。
本发明按照下表1列举出三个配制实例：
表1
Figure 622799DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
对上述1~3#成品无水炮泥进行检测，其理化指标如下表2：
表2
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
常规使用的无水炮泥的指标为：Al2O3含量25~30%，SiC+C含量25~40%，密度1.8~2.0g/cm3，强度为6~12MPa。
将表2数据和常规产品指标进行对比可以看出，以上制备的1~3#成品无水炮泥可满足高炉出铁口的使用要求。
具体配制时，根据实际使用场所，即根据冶炼工艺需求，本发明所用的回收耐材和成品原料均可在本发明公开的范围内进行适当调整；如当省去回收铁沟浇注料、回收碳化硅砖和氮化硅铁后，就需要增加回收碳化硅板、回收滑板、回收硅莫砖和叶腊石的用量；当省去回收滑板、回收硅莫砖和叶腊石后，就需要增加回收鱼雷罐砖颗粒料、回收铁沟浇注料粉料等。

Claims (3)

1.一种高炉出铁口用无水炮泥，其特征在于：是由回收的鱼雷罐衬砖、铁水沟浇注料、碳化硅板、碳化硅碳砖、滑板、硅莫砖和成品原料叶腊石、氮化硅铁、高温沥青粉、粘土粉和混合油结合剂按下述重量份配比配制而成：
回收鱼雷罐衬砖30～50份，其中粒度0~4mm的颗粒料25～40份，200目的粉料5~10份；
回收铁水沟浇注料0～18份，其中粒度0~4mm的颗粒料0～8份，120目的粉料0~10份；
回收碳化硅板10～15份，120目粉料；
回收碳化硅碳砖0～13份，粒度0～1mm颗粒料；
回收滑板0～15份，粒度0～1mm颗粒料；
回收硅莫砖0～35份，粒度1～4mm颗粒料；
叶蜡石0～13份，粒度0～1mm颗粒料；
氮化硅铁0～12份；
高温沥青粉2～5份；
200目粘土粉8～11份；
混合油结合剂按物料总重量的16～20%添加；
当回收滑板、回收硅莫砖、叶蜡石同时为零时，回收铁水沟浇注、回收碳化硅碳砖和氮化硅铁不能同时为零；
所述回收鱼雷罐衬砖中Al2O3≥55%，SiC≥8%，C≥4%，Fe2O3≤2.5%；
所述回收铁水沟浇注料中Al2O3≥55%，SiC≥12%，C≥3%，Fe2O3≤2.5%；
所述回收碳化硅板中SiC≥80%；所述回收碳化硅碳砖中SiC≥18%，C≥55%；
所述回收滑板中Al2O3≥65%，SiC≥4%，C≥6%；所述回收硅莫砖中Al2O3≥45%，SiO2≥20%，SiC≥3%；
所述叶蜡石中Al2O3≥14%，SiO2≥68%，水分≤3；
所述高温沥青粉的软化点≥125℃，固定碳≥58%，灰份≤0.6%；
所述粘土粉中Al2O3≥30%，SiO2≥50%，水分≤3%；
所述混合油结合剂为煤焦油和蒽油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高炉出铁口用无水炮泥，其特征在于：所述氮化硅铁中Si含量45～50%，Fe含量14～17%，N含量25～35%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高炉出铁口用无水炮泥，其特征在于：所述混合油结合剂为煤焦油和蒽油按照0.8～0.95:0.05～0.2之重量份配比配制而成。
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