CN111577537A - Marine power-generating rotary sail navigation aid system and method - Google Patents
Marine power-generating rotary sail navigation aid system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111577537A CN111577537A CN202010402624.1A CN202010402624A CN111577537A CN 111577537 A CN111577537 A CN 111577537A CN 202010402624 A CN202010402624 A CN 202010402624A CN 111577537 A CN111577537 A CN 111577537A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/08—Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like
- B63H9/10—Running rigging, e.g. reefing equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/32—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on moving objects, e.g. vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a marine power generation type sail spinning assisting system and method, wherein in a marine sailing assisting mode, a motor controller of an integrated controller controls a base motor to be switched into a motor, a hydraulic controller of the integrated controller drives a hydraulic mechanical arm to fold up to enable two rotating blades to fold up to form a sail spinning barrel, the base motor drives a central rotating shaft to rotate through a transmission gear, and the hydraulic mechanical arm drives the sail spinning barrel to rotate, so that a ship can utilize the sail spinning barrel to assist in sailing; in the wind power generation mode, the motor controller controls the base motor to be switched into a generator, the hydraulic controller drives the hydraulic mechanical arm to expand to enable the two rotating blades to be expanded and serve as wind power generation blades, wind drives the wind power generation blades to rotate, and the hydraulic mechanical arm drives the central rotating shaft to rotate to drive the base motor to generate power. The wind energy power generation and sail navigation aid system organically combines wind energy power generation and sail navigation aid, utilizes wind energy in multiple ways and multiple angles, enlarges the utilization range of the wind energy, obviously improves the utilization rate of the wind energy, and has simple structure and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship energy conservation and emission reduction, in particular to a marine power generation type navigation assisting system and method with a rotary sail.
Background
The ship transportation has the obvious advantages of low cost, large carrying capacity and the like, bears 90 percent of the transportation volume of global trade, and is an indispensable strategic service industry in national economic operation. With the increasing prominence of energy pressure and environmental problems, energy conservation and emission reduction in the ship industry become the focus of wide attention at present. Abundant wind energy resources are contained in the broad sea, and the application of the sail navigation assisting technology to the ship has a long history and is a hot spot of the current new energy ship research. Wind energy, as a clean and renewable energy, promotes its wide use on ships, and has important significance and profound influence on realizing green shipping. In order to realize the popularization and application of the sail navigation aiding technology on ships, the improvement of the performance of sail equipment is particularly critical. Firstly, the sail equipment needs to have good real-time wind energy capture efficiency so as to embody the practical utilization value of sail navigation aid technology. Secondly, the sail equipment needs to be operated flexibly and conveniently to adapt to the random variation characteristics of wind direction and wind speed. In addition, the sail equipment needs to fully consider deck structure and support strength to meet the structural safety requirements when in navigation aid use. Because the ship is not always in a sailing state, the conventional sail equipment is in an idle state when the ship is anchored on water and is in port-berthing operation, and therefore the waste of effective utilization time of wind energy is caused. However, ships with special purposes such as yachts, cruise ships, fishing boats and engineering workboats are not practical in navigation for a long time, and often need to be stopped for long time to carry out water entertainment or production operation. Therefore, how to improve the wind energy utilization time of the sail equipment is a problem to be considered. Under the joint action of random waves, the motion control of the sail ship needs to consider not only the hydrodynamic characteristics of the ship, but also the aerodynamic characteristics of the sail and the mutual coupling action between the two, so that the ship has good theoretical research significance. The rotary-barrel type sail is based on the Magnus effect, and flexible change of the stress magnitude and direction of the sail body is realized by actively adjusting the rotating speed and the steering of the rotary barrel, so that the rotary-barrel type sail has good wind energy utilization efficiency, and conditions are provided for advanced motion control of a sailing aid ship.
The sail in the prior patent (CN 201220343897.4; name: sail, wind power comprehensive energy-saving ship) is a traditional wing-shaped sail, and under different wind conditions (wind speed and wind direction), a large amount of manpower is needed to lift and lower the sail body and adjust the angle, so that the operation is troublesome. And the power generation in navigation can increase the resistance borne by the ship so as to increase the oil consumption. In addition, in the patent (CN 201610115680.0; name: a self-adaptive sail capable of generating power), the sails can be used for assisting navigation of the ship during navigation, and a fan is used for assisting power generation during anchoring, but the movable wing-shaped sail is adopted, a power supply system needs to be additionally designed, and the structure is complex; when the wind condition is changed, the operation is complicated, the navigation aiding mode is single, the steering and navigation aiding are inconvenient, and the flexibility is not good; can occupy larger space on the deck of the ship and reduce the freight volume.
In order to solve the above problems, a comprehensive application scheme of sailing assistance and power generation of a spinning sail with simple structure, flexible operation and high wind energy utilization efficiency needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a marine power generation type navigation assisting system and method with a rotary sail, which organically combine wind power generation with navigation assisting of the sail, utilize wind energy in multiple ways and multiple angles, enlarge the utilization range of the wind energy and obviously improve the utilization rate of the wind energy, have simple integral structure and convenient operation, can realize steering navigation assisting, occupy small deck space, are easy to maintain and have low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a marine power generation type sail spinning aid system with at least a ship aid mode and a wind power generation mode comprises:
the integrated controller comprises a motor controller and a hydraulic controller;
the power supply/generation system comprises a plurality of base motors and a power storage module for supplying power to the base motors, and the motor controller controls the base motors to be switched into motors or generators;
the rotary-cylinder sails are respectively provided with two rotary blades, a central rotating shaft and a hydraulic mechanical arm, and the hydraulic controller drives the hydraulic mechanical arms to retract or expand according to a working mode; the hydraulic mechanical arm is connected with the central rotating shaft, the hydraulic mechanical arm is connected with the rotating blade, and the central rotating shaft is connected with the input shaft of the base motor through a transmission mechanism;
when the ship navigation aid mode is adopted, the motor controller controls each base motor to be switched into a motor, the hydraulic controller drives the hydraulic mechanical arm to retract, so that the two rotating blades of each pair are retracted to form the rotary tube sail, the base motor drives the central rotating shaft to rotate through the transmission mechanism and drives the rotary tube sail to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm, and the ship navigates by using the rotary tube sail in an auxiliary mode;
when the wind power generation mode is adopted, the motor controller controls each base motor to be switched into a generator, the hydraulic controller drives the hydraulic mechanical arm to be unfolded, so that the two rotating blades are unfolded and respectively used as wind power generation blades, wind drives the wind power generation blades to rotate, the central rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm, the base motors are further driven to generate power, and power is supplied to the whole system.
Preferably, the integrated controller further comprises an auxiliary controller; each of the sails further comprises one or more of the following:
the angle regulator is controlled by the auxiliary controller to regulate the windward angle of the rotating blade and is connected to a first side of the hydraulic mechanical arm through a movable flange, the first side is far away from the central rotating shaft, and the angle regulator is fixedly connected with the rotating blade;
the electromagnetic lock is controlled by the auxiliary controller to be powered on and off to lock the two rotating blades in the ship navigation aid mode and to be powered off and opened to release the rotating blades in the wind power generation mode;
the wind speed sensor is connected with the auxiliary controller; the auxiliary controller receives the wind speed and wind direction data measured by the wind speed sensor and controls the angle regulator to regulate the windward angle of the rotating blade in real time;
the flow guide blade is installed on the outer side of the rotating blade through a spring hinge and has a certain inclination angle, the auxiliary controller controls the opening and closing of the spring hinge of the flow guide blade to control the airflow gathering effect of the rotating blade, so that wind passes through the concave surface of the rotating blade gathered by the flow guide blade, and the wind power generation blade is driven to rotate under the action of wind power.
Preferably, a bearing type flange is fixedly arranged on the central rotating shaft, a second side of the hydraulic mechanical arm is arranged on the flange, and the second side is close to one side of the central rotating shaft, so that the hydraulic mechanical arm is connected to the central rotating shaft through the flange, and the rotating wind power generation blade drives the central rotating shaft to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm and the flange to drive the base motor to generate power.
Preferably, the hydraulic mechanical arm comprises a telescopic supporting rod which is a telescopic part of the hydraulic mechanical arm and is used for retracting or expanding the two rotating blades and playing a supporting role; the telescopic supporting rod is connected with the angle regulator through a movable flange.
Preferably, the rotating blades are hollow semi-cylinders and are fixed on the central rotating shaft in pairs; the wind speed sensor is arranged at the top of the central rotating shaft.
Preferably, the power supply/generation system further comprises a plurality of inverter modules, and the power storage module is a storage battery used for supplying power to the base motor in the ship navigation mode or storing electric energy converted by the base motor in the wind power generation mode; each inverter module is respectively connected with the corresponding base motor and the storage battery and used for boosting and reducing the charging and discharging voltage of the storage battery.
Preferably, two rotary-drum sails are respectively arranged at the front and the back of a main deck of the ship and are fixed on the main deck through a base; each base motor is arranged below the corresponding rotary cylinder sail base respectively; the transmission mechanism is a transmission gear.
The invention provides a working method based on the marine power generation type sail spinning aid system, which comprises the following processes:
when the ship navigation aid mode is used, a motor controller in the integrated controller controls a base motor to be switched into a motor, a hydraulic controller in the integrated controller drives a hydraulic mechanical arm to retract so that two rotating blades of each pair retract and form a rotating cylinder sail, the base motor drives a central rotating shaft to rotate through a transmission mechanism and drives the rotating cylinder sail to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm, and the ship navigates by using the rotating cylinder sail in an auxiliary mode;
in a wind power generation mode, a motor controller in the integrated controller controls a base motor to be switched into a generator, a hydraulic controller in the integrated controller drives a hydraulic mechanical arm to be unfolded, so that two rotating blades are unfolded and respectively used as wind power generation blades, wind drives the wind power generation blades to rotate, the central rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm, and the base motor is further driven to generate power to supply power to the whole system.
Preferably, when the ship is sailing in the forward direction, the motor controller controls the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the base motor by receiving the wind speed and the wind direction data transmitted by the wind speed sensor and receiving the real-time sailing speed and the course data transmitted by a ship driving system of the ship driving platform so as to adjust the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the rotary tube sail, obtain the effective propelling force consistent with the movement direction of the ship and convert the wind energy into the auxiliary advancing power of the ship.
Preferably, when the ship turns, the motor controller controls the turning direction and the rotating speed of the base motor by receiving the wind speed and the wind direction data transmitted by the wind speed sensor and the real-time sailing speed and heading data transmitted by the ship speed sensor of the ship driving system so as to adjust the turning direction and the rotating speed of the rotary tube sail, so that the direction of the thrust generated by the rotary tube sail of the bow is consistent with the turning direction of the ship, and the thrust generated by the rotary tube sail close to the inner side is smaller than the thrust generated by the rotary tube sail close to the outer side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention can realize the switching between the sailing assisting mode and the power generation mode of the sail equipment by dynamically changing the structure of the rotary tube sail; (2) the invention also utilizes the energy storage device to use the electric energy generated in the power generation mode of the power generation type rotary-drum sail for driving the rotary drum to adjust the rotating speed and the direction in the navigation aid mode, thereby not needing additional energy supply and further improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the wind energy of the rotary-drum sail; (3) the rotary-drum sail has excellent active adjusting performance, and differential steering can be realized by arranging four power-generating rotary-drum sails on the deck, so that the course control stability and flexibility of sailing ships are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a marine propulsion system with a power-generating rotary sail according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural top view of the marine propulsion system with the power-generating rotary sail of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the marine propulsion system with a power generating rotary sail according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method for assisting the navigation of the marine power-generating sail of the rotary cylinder of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic control structure diagram of the marine propulsion method for the rotary sail with the power generation function.
Wherein, 1-central rotating shaft; 2-leaf rotation; 3-a telescopic supporting rod; 4-rotary sail; 5-a receiving disc; 6-a bearing; 7-a transmission gear; 8-an integrated controller; 801-motor controller; 802-hydraulic controller; 803-an auxiliary controller; 9-a base motor; 10-an inverter module; 11-a storage battery; 12-a hydraulic mechanical arm; 13-an angle adjuster; 14-an electromagnetic lock; 15-a wind speed sensor; 16-guide vane.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a sailing aid system for a marine power generating sail with a rotating tube, which includes a sail 4 with a rotating tube, a power supply/generation system, and an integrated controller 8. Wherein, two rotary tube sails 4 are respectively arranged at the front and the back of a main deck of the ship and are fixed on the main deck through a base. The marine rotatable sail navigation aid system capable of generating electricity at least comprises two operation modes: the system comprises a ship navigation assisting mode and a wind power generation mode.
As shown in fig. 1-3, each of the rotary tube sails 4 includes two rotating blades 2, a central rotating shaft 1, a hydraulic mechanical arm 12, an angle adjuster 13, an electromagnetic lock 14, a wind speed sensor 15, and a guide blade 16, and a base motor 9 is disposed under the base of the rotary tube sail. Preferably, the rotating blades 2 are hollow semi-cylinders fixed in pairs on the central rotating shaft 1. Illustratively, a wind speed sensor 15 is disposed on top of the central rotating shaft 1 for measuring wind speed and wind direction data.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the power supply/generation system includes four base motors 9, four inverter modules 10, and one storage battery 11. Wherein, each base motor 9 is switched into a motor in the ship navigation aiding mode, and the base motor 9 is switched into a generator in the wind power generation mode. The battery 11 provides electric energy for the whole system and also stores electric energy converted by the motor. Each inverter module 10 is connected to the corresponding base motor 9 and the battery 11, and is configured to step up and step down a charge/discharge voltage of the battery 11.
The integrated controller 8 includes a motor controller 801, a hydraulic controller 802, and an auxiliary controller 803.
The motor controller 801 is connected to the base motor 9, and the motor controller 801 controls the base motor 9 to operate in an electric state or a power generation state based on an operation mode of the power generation type sail navigation aid system. In addition, the motor controller 801 in the integrated controller 8 is configured to receive wind speed and wind direction data transmitted by the wind speed sensor 15 and receive real-time navigational speed and heading data transmitted by a ship navigation system of the ship navigation platform, and perform algorithm calculation to control the rotation direction and rotation speed of the four base motors 9, so as to adjust the rotation direction and rotation speed of the four swing tube sails 4, thereby achieving effective navigation assistance and steering.
The hydraulic controller 802 drives the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 to retract or expand based on the operation mode of the power generation type sail navigation aid system, and meanwhile, the auxiliary controller 803 controls the angle adjuster 13 to automatically adjust the windward angle of the rotating blade 2 and controls the opening and closing of the spring hinge of the guide blade 16 to control the airflow convergence action of the concave surface of the rotating blade.
The angle regulator 13 is connected to a first side (a side far away from the central rotating shaft) of the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 through a movable flange, and the angle regulator 13 is further fixedly connected with the rotating blade 2 and used for regulating the windward angle of the rotating blade 2 and fully utilizing wind energy. The guide vane 16 is installed on the outer side of the rotating vane 2 through a spring hinge and has a certain inclination angle for gathering air flow and increasing wind energy. Preferably, the angle adjuster 13 is fixedly attached at the position of the intermediate shaft (vertical center shaft) of the rotary vane 2. In addition, the auxiliary controller 803 of the integrated controller 8 controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic lock 15.
In one example, after the integrated controller 8 receives the ship navigational mode signal: a first instruction is sent to the base motor 9 through the motor controller 801, the base motor 9 is switched to be a motor, meanwhile, a second instruction is sent to the electromagnetic lock 14 through the auxiliary controller 803, the electromagnetic lock 14 is controlled to be powered on and powered off, at the moment, the hydraulic controller 802 drives the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 to be retracted, and at the moment, the two rotating blades 2 can be overlapped together to form the rotating cylinder sail 4 when the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 is retracted; and the electromagnetic lock 14 which is closed by electrifying locks the two rotating blades 2, thereby preventing the rotating blades from being separated due to the influence of rotation and sea waves. The rotary-barrel sail 4 is composed of two hollow semicylinders, each hollow semicylinder is a rotating blade 2, the two rotating blades 2 are locked to form the rotary-barrel sail 4, the rotary-barrel sail 4 is combined into a whole, the two rotating blades 2 are locked by the electromagnetic lock 14 to prevent the rotary-barrel sail 4 from being blown away by wind during navigation assistance, and the rotary-barrel sail 4 is formed by combining the two rotating blades 2 together, as shown in fig. 1. Specifically, in the ship navigation aid mode, the hydraulic controller 802 controls the check valve to open, the hydraulic controller 802 controls the hydraulic motor to rotate (for example, clockwise rotate) to retract the hydraulic mechanical arm blade, so that the two rotating blades 2 are tightly closed to form the rotary cylinder sail 4, at this time, the check valve is closed to fix the hydraulic mechanical arm 12, and the ship uses the rotary cylinder sail 4 to assist navigation in navigation.
In another example, after the integrated controller 8 receives the wind power mode signal: the motor controller 801 sends a third instruction to the base motor 9 to switch the base motor 9 to a generator, and the auxiliary controller 803 sends a fourth instruction to the electromagnetic lock 14 to control the electromagnetic lock 14 to be powered off and opened, at this time, the hydraulic controller 802 drives the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 to be unfolded, the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 can prop open the two rotating blades 2, the electromagnetic lock 14 which is powered off and opened does not lock the two rotating blades 2, and each rotating blade 2 is taken as a vertical axis wind power generation blade, as shown in fig. 3. In addition, the invention transmits the ship navigation aid mode signal or the wind power generation mode signal to the integrated controller 8 by pressing the navigation aid model button or the wind power generation model button by a person. Specifically, in the wind power generation mode (for example, in parking), the hydraulic controller 802 controls the check valve to open, the hydraulic controller 802 controls the hydraulic motor to rotate in the reverse direction (for example, counterclockwise) to prop up the hydraulic mechanical arm blade, two symmetrical rotating blades 2 are unfolded, each rotating blade 2 is used as a vertical axis wind power generation blade, at this time, the check valve is closed, the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 is fixed, and thus the ship generates electricity by using wind power in parking, that is, the vertical axis wind power generation blade is driven by wind to rotate, so that the central rotating shaft 1 is driven to rotate, and the base motor 9 is driven to generate electricity.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a flange 5 is disposed on the central rotating shaft 1, the flange 5 is fixed on the central rotating shaft 1 with respect to a bearing, and a second side (a side close to the central rotating shaft) of the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 is mounted on the flange 5, that is, the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 is connected to the central rotating shaft 1 through the flange 5. The hydraulic mechanical arm 12 comprises a telescopic supporting rod 3 which is a telescopic part of the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 and is used for retracting or expanding the two symmetrical rotating blades 2 and playing a supporting role; the telescopic supporting rod 3 is connected with the angle regulator 13 through a movable flange.
As shown in fig. 1, a central rotating shaft 1 is connected with an input shaft of a base motor 9 through a bearing 6 and a transmission gear 7 for transmitting power; the transmission gear 7 adopts a conical gear set. In the power generation mode, the rotating blade 2 (namely, the vertical axis wind power generation blade) is driven by wind to rotate, the force of the wind is transmitted to the connecting disc 5 through the hydraulic mechanical arm 12, the connecting disc 5 is transmitted to the central rotating shaft 1 again so as to drive the central rotating shaft 1 to rotate, then the wind energy is transmitted to the input shaft of the base motor 9 through the transmission gear 7, finally the base motor 9 is driven to generate power, the storage battery 11 is charged through the inverter module 10, and the wind energy is converted into electric power to be supplied to the whole system for use.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a method for assisting a marine wind-generating sail, which comprises the following steps:
when the ship navigation aid mode is adopted, the motor controller 801 in the integrated controller 8 switches the four base motors 9 into motors, and the storage battery 11 supplies power to the base motors 9; the hydraulic controller 802 in the integrated controller 8 drives the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 to retract the two symmetrical rotating blades 2, the auxiliary controller 803 in the integrated controller 8 controls the electromagnetic lock 14 to be electrically closed and lock the rotating blades 2 to form the rotating cylinder sail 4, the base motor 9 drives the central rotating shaft 1 to rotate through the transmission gear 7, then the rotating cylinder sail 4 is driven to rotate through the connecting disc 5 and the hydraulic mechanical arm 12, the rotating cylinder sail 4 rotates to generate propelling force, namely, the ship sails by the aid of the rotating cylinder sail in sailing, and in a ship sailing assisting mode, the spring hinges of the angle regulator 13 and the guide blades 17 are both idle at the moment.
When the ship sails forwards, the motor controller 801 of the integrated controller 8 calculates the optimal rotating speed and steering of the four rotary tube sails 4 through an algorithm according to the wind speed and wind direction data measured by the wind speed sensor 15 and the ship course and the ship speed measured by the ship speed sensor of the ship driving system, adjusts the rotating speed and steering of the four rotary tube sails 4 by controlling the rotating speed and steering of the four base motors 9, and further obtains effective propelling force consistent with the ship moving direction, so that wind energy is converted into auxiliary advancing power of the ship.
And (II) when the ship turns, in order to realize differential power auxiliary steering, the rotating speed and the steering of the two rotary tube sails on the bow are continuously adjusted along with the change of wind speed, wind direction, ship course and sailing speed, so that the direction of the propulsive force generated by the two rotary tube sails 4 on the bow is consistent with the steering of the ship, and the propulsive force generated by the rotary tube sail close to the inner side (the inner side refers to the side where the ship turns) is smaller than the propulsive force generated by the rotary tube sail on the outer side. For example, when the ship sails in the forward north direction, the ship needs to turn left (e.g., to the west), the wind speed and the wind direction at each of the rotor sails are different, and the expected rotating speed and the expected steering of the rotor sails are obtained according to the wind speed and the wind direction data measured by the respective wind speed sensors and by combining the magnus effect, so that the direction of the propulsive force generated by the rotor sails is consistent with the steering of the ship, and the force generated by the front and rear rotor sails 4 close to the inner side, i.e., the left side (west side) is small.
Illustratively, the propulsion generated by the two booms 4 at the rear of the deck remains the same as the course when not steered, thus achieving differential power assisted steering. Therefore, when the ship turns, the motor controller 801 of the integrated controller 8 receives the wind speed and wind direction data transmitted by the wind speed sensor 15 and the real-time speed and heading data transmitted by the ship driving system, and calculates the optimal rotation speed and turning direction of the corresponding four rotating-barrel sails 4 through an algorithm, and controls the rotation speed and turning direction of each base motor 9 in real time to adjust the rotation speed and turning direction of the rotating-barrel sails 4.
And (III) when the ship is parked and the wind power generation mode is started, the motor controller 801 in the integrated controller 8 switches the four base motors 9 into generators, and the base motors 9 charge the storage battery 11. The hydraulic controller 802 in the integrated controller 8 drives the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 to unfold the two symmetrical rotating blades 2 and the guide blades 16, so that the rotating tube sails 4 are rotated into vertical axis wind power generation blades, that is, one rotating blade corresponds to one vertical axis wind power generation blade, at this time, the auxiliary controller 803 in the integrated controller 8 controls the electromagnetic lock 14 to be powered off and opened, so that the rotating blades 2 are loosened, the vertical axis wind power generation blades corresponding to the four rotating tube sails 4 are driven by wind to rotate, the central rotating shaft 1 is driven by the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 through the connecting disc 5 to rotate, the base motor 9 is driven to generate power, and the storage battery 11 is charged.
The auxiliary controller 803 controls the windward angle of the concave surface of the rotating blade 2 in real time according to the wind speed and wind direction data measured by the wind speed sensor 15, wherein the auxiliary controller 803 correspondingly sends a control signal to the angle regulator 13 of each vertical axis wind power generation blade according to the wind speed and wind direction data measured by the wind speed sensor 15, and each angle regulator 13 automatically regulates the windward angle of two corresponding rotating blades 2, so that the two rotating blades 2 are staggered to the optimal angle, and the wind energy is fully utilized. The wind converges to the concave surface of the rotating blade 2 (which is used as a vertical axis wind power generation blade) through the guide blade 16, the vertical axis wind power generation blade is driven to rotate under the action of the wind, the hydraulic mechanical arm 12 and the receiving disc 5 are driven to rotate, so that the central rotating shaft 1 is driven to rotate, then the base motor 9 input shaft is driven through the transmission gear 7, so that the base motor 9 generates power, and the power is stored in the storage battery 11 through the inverter module 10, so that the wind energy is converted into electric power to be supplied to the whole system for use.
In conclusion, the marine power generation type sail-spinning assisting system can organically combine sail assisting with wind power generation, and is simple in overall structure and easy to maintain; the invention utilizes the energy storage device to drive the rotary drum to adjust the rotating speed and the direction in the navigation aid mode by using the electric energy generated in the power generation mode of the power generation type rotary drum sail, thereby integrating power generation and power supply into a whole without additional energy supply, further improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the wind energy of the rotary drum sail and reducing the energy consumption. The rotary-drum wind sails have excellent active adjusting performance, and differential steering can be realized by arranging four power-generating rotary-drum wind sails on the deck, so that the course control stability and flexibility of the wind sail ship are improved.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A marine propulsion system with a rotatable sail, which can generate electricity, is characterized in that the working modes at least comprise a marine propulsion mode and a wind power generation mode, and comprises:
an integrated controller (8) comprising a motor controller (801) and a hydraulic controller (802);
the power supply/generation system comprises a plurality of base motors (9) and a power storage module for supplying power to the base motors (9), wherein the motor controller (801) controls the base motors (9) to be switched into motors or generators;
the rotary-barrel sails (4) are respectively provided with two rotary blades (2), a central rotating shaft (1) and a hydraulic mechanical arm (12), and the hydraulic controller (802) drives the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) to fold or unfold according to a working mode; the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) is connected with the central rotating shaft (1), the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) is connected with the rotating blade (2), and the central rotating shaft (1) is connected with an input shaft of a base motor (9) through a transmission mechanism;
when the ship navigation aid mode is used, the motor controller (801) controls each base motor (9) to be switched into an electric motor, the hydraulic controller (802) drives the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) to retract so that the two rotating blades (2) of each pair retract and form the rotary sail (4), the base motor (9) drives the central rotating shaft (1) to rotate through the transmission mechanism and drives the rotary sail (4) to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm (12), and the ship navigates by using the rotary sail in an auxiliary mode;
in a wind power generation mode, the motor controller (801) controls each base motor (9) to be switched into a power generator, the hydraulic controller (802) drives the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) to be unfolded, so that the two rotating blades (2) are unfolded and respectively used as wind power generation blades, wind drives the wind power generation blades to rotate, the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) drives the central rotating shaft (1) to rotate, and the base motors (9) are further driven to generate power to supply power to the whole system.
2. The marine propulsion system with a rotatable sail as claimed in claim 1,
the integrated controller (8) further comprises an auxiliary controller (803);
each of the booms (4) further comprises one or more of the following:
the angle regulator (13) is controlled by the auxiliary controller (803) to regulate the windward angle of the rotating blade (2), is connected to a first side of the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) through a movable flange, the first side is far away from the central rotating shaft, and the angle regulator (13) is fixedly connected with the rotating blade (2);
an electromagnetic lock (14) which is controlled by the auxiliary controller (803) to be powered on and off to lock the two rotating blades (2) in the ship navigation mode and to be powered off and opened to release the rotating blades (2) in the wind power generation mode;
a wind speed sensor (15) connected to the auxiliary controller (803); the auxiliary controller (803) receives the wind speed and wind direction data measured by the wind speed sensor (15), and controls the angle regulator (13) to regulate the windward angle of the rotating blade (2) in real time;
the guide vane (16) is installed on the outer side of the rotary vane (2) through a spring hinge and has a certain inclination angle, the auxiliary controller (803) controls the opening and closing of the spring hinge of the guide vane (16) to control the airflow convergence effect of the rotary vane (2), so that wind passes through the concave surface of the rotary vane (2) converged by the guide vane (16), and the wind power generation vane is driven to rotate under the action of wind force.
3. The marine propulsion system with a rotatable sail as claimed in claim 1,
the wind power generation device is characterized in that a bearing type flange (5) is fixedly arranged on the central rotating shaft (1), a second side of the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) is arranged on the flange (5), the second side is close to one side of the central rotating shaft, so that the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) is connected to the central rotating shaft (1) through the flange (5), and the rotating wind power generation blades drive the central rotating shaft (1) to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) and the flange (5) to drive the base motor (9) to generate power.
4. The marine wind-generating sail propelling system as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) comprises a telescopic supporting rod (3), which is a telescopic part of the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) and is used for retracting or expanding the two rotating blades (2) and playing a supporting role;
the telescopic supporting rod (3) is connected with the angle regulator (13) through a movable flange.
5. The marine wind-generating sail propelling system as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
the rotating blades (2) are hollow semi-cylinders and are fixed on the central rotating shaft (2) in pairs;
the wind speed sensor (15) is arranged at the top of the central rotating shaft (1).
6. The marine propulsion system with a rotatable sail as claimed in claim 1,
the power supply/generation system also comprises a plurality of inverter modules (10), and the power storage module is a storage battery (11) which is used for supplying power to the base motor (9) in a ship navigation mode or storing electric energy converted by the base motor (9) in a wind power generation mode;
each inverter module (10) is connected with the corresponding base motor (9) and the storage battery (11) respectively and is used for boosting and reducing the charging and discharging voltage of the storage battery (11).
7. The marine propulsion system with a rotatable sail as claimed in claim 1,
two rotary-drum sails (4) are respectively arranged at the front and the back of a main deck of the ship and are fixed on the main deck through a base;
each base motor (9) is respectively arranged below the base of the corresponding rotary cylinder sail (4);
the transmission mechanism is a transmission gear (7).
8. An operation method of the marine power generation type sail propelling system based on the rotary cylinder type sail with the power generation function as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized by comprising the following processes:
when the ship navigation aid mode is used, a motor controller (801) in an integrated controller (8) controls a base motor (9) to be switched into a motor, a hydraulic controller (802) in the integrated controller (8) drives a hydraulic mechanical arm (12) to retract so that two rotating blades (2) of each pair retract and form a rotating cylinder sail (4), the base motor (9) drives a central rotating shaft (1) to rotate through a transmission mechanism and drives the rotating cylinder sail (4) to rotate through the hydraulic mechanical arm (12), and the ship navigates by using the rotating cylinder sail in an auxiliary mode during navigation;
in a wind power generation mode, a motor controller (801) in an integrated controller (8) controls a base motor (9) to be switched into a generator, a hydraulic controller (802) in the integrated controller (8) drives a hydraulic mechanical arm (12) to be unfolded, so that two rotating blades (2) are unfolded and respectively used as wind power generation blades, wind drives the wind power generation blades to rotate, the central rotating shaft (1) is driven by the hydraulic mechanical arm (12) to rotate, the base motor (9) is further driven to generate power, and power is supplied to the whole system.
9. The method of claim 8,
when the ship sails forwards, the motor controller (801) receives wind speed and wind direction data transmitted by the wind speed sensor (15) and real-time sailing speed and course data transmitted by a ship driving system of the ship driving platform, controls the steering and rotating speed of the base motor (9) to adjust the steering and rotating speed of the rotary tube sail (4), obtains effective propelling force consistent with the ship moving direction, and converts wind energy into auxiliary advancing power of the ship.
10. The method of claim 1,
when the ship turns, the motor controller (801) receives wind speed and wind direction data transmitted by the wind speed sensor (15) and real-time sailing speed and heading data transmitted by a ship speed sensor of a ship driving system, controls the turning and rotating speed of the base motor (9) to adjust the turning and rotating speed of the rotary tube sail (4), so that the direction of the propulsive force generated by the rotary tube sail (4) at the bow is consistent with the turning direction of the ship and the propulsive force generated by the rotary tube sail close to the inner side is smaller than the propulsive force generated by the rotary tube sail close to the outer side.
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| CN202010402624.1A CN111577537A (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Marine power-generating rotary sail navigation aid system and method |
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| CN202010402624.1A CN111577537A (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Marine power-generating rotary sail navigation aid system and method |
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| CN114183384A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Uniform wind simulation loading system and method |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |