CN111575748A - Electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid molding - Google Patents
Electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid molding Download PDFInfo
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- CN111575748A CN111575748A CN202010376620.0A CN202010376620A CN111575748A CN 111575748 A CN111575748 A CN 111575748A CN 202010376620 A CN202010376620 A CN 202010376620A CN 111575748 A CN111575748 A CN 111575748A
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- electroforming
- mold
- method based
- metal
- mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/10—Moulds; Masks; Masterforms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/20—Separation of the formed objects from the electrodes with no destruction of said electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/02—Heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/10—Agitating of electrolytes; Moving of racks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
Abstract
The invention discloses an electroforming forming method based on 3D printing rapid molding, which relates to the field of electroforming and comprises the following steps: 1) drawing a three-dimensional model of the mold, slicing the three-dimensional model, importing sliced data into a 3D printer, and manufacturing the mold by using the 3D printer; 2) carrying out metallization treatment on the surface of the mold to obtain an electroforming core mold; 3) placing the electroforming core mould in electroforming liquid of an electroforming device, wherein the electroforming core mould is used as a cathode, and the casting layer metal is used as an anode; 4) demolding to obtain an electroformed product; the mode that utilizes 3D printing technique shaping electroforming mould is simpler, and the mould shaping is more quick to can print various complicated structures, the shaping precision is high, is applicable to the mould of various shapes, and electroforming and 3D printing technique combine together can shorten the manufacturing cycle and the cost of single small batch volume product greatly, produce good economic benefits and social.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electroforming, in particular to an electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid molding.
Background
Electroforming is a process for preparing products by using a metal electrodeposition method, can prepare products consisting of various alloys and composite materials, makes up for the defects of the traditional processing process, is applied to manufacturing large products with complex structures and can also be used for manufacturing precise elements. Since electroforming is performed by growth from the surface of a mandrel, and an electroformed mandrel is processed by a mold, the suitability and efficiency of the material and manufacturing process of the electroforming mold are very important, and are important indexes for realizing the electroforming process.
In recent years, the electroforming field is developing the manufacturing process of the electroforming mold, and the common processing processes are as follows: manual processing mould and machining preparation mould. The manual machining of the mold has high manual capability for operators and a complex process, and particularly for the mold with a special texture on the surface, the manual machining period is long and the required precision is difficult to achieve. The machining and manufacturing die mainly comprises a general machining method, an electric spark machining method and a numerical control machining method, is widely applied to dies of industrial products, and has the advantages of high machining speed, high efficiency, high precision and the like. However, this machining method is currently only suitable for large-scale production, and for small-scale production, the cost of producing the mold is high, so the method of machining the mold is not suitable for small-scale production.
Therefore, there is a need for an electroforming method suitable for small-scale production, which can reduce the manufacturing cost and ensure the processing quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid molding, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and can obviously reduce the production period and the processing cost of single small-batch products on the premise of ensuring the processing quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides an electroforming forming method based on 3D printing rapid die making, which comprises the following steps:
1) drawing a three-dimensional model of the mold, slicing the three-dimensional model, importing sliced data into a 3D printer, and manufacturing the mold by using the 3D printer;
2) carrying out metallization treatment on the surface of the mold to obtain an electroforming core mold;
3) placing the electroforming core mold in electroforming liquid of an electroforming device, wherein the electroforming core mold is used as a cathode, and a casting layer metal is used as an anode;
4) and demolding to obtain the electroformed product.
Preferably, in step 1), the material of the mold is one or more of ABS resin, polycarbonate, PPSF resin, polylactic acid, and polyetherimide.
Preferably, in the step 2), graphite powder is sprayed on the surface of the mold to obtain the electroforming core mold.
Preferably, the electroforming solution in step 3) is an aqueous solution containing a casting layer metal water-soluble salt, and the casting layer metal water-soluble salt is one or more of metal hydrochloride, metal sulfate and metal organic salt.
Preferably, the metal of the casting layer is a phosphorus copper plate, the phosphorus copper plate and the electroforming core mold are symmetrically arranged in parallel, and the electroforming liquid is H with the concentration of 60-70 g/L2SO4Aqueous solution and 200-300 g/L CuSO4Aqueous solution, and adding a brightener to the electroforming solution.
Preferably, the pH value of the electroforming solution in the step 3) is 3-5, the electroforming temperature is 30-80 ℃, and the current density is 5A/dm2-70A/dm2The electroforming time is 0.5h-10 h.
Preferably, in step 3), a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the electroforming solution container, and the constant-temperature magnetic stirrer is used for heating and stirring the electroforming solution in the electroforming process.
Preferably, in step 4), the electroforming core mold with the electroforming metal layer is heated in an oven, the electroforming core mold is melted and lost under the heating condition, the electroforming metal layer is taken out, and the electroforming metal layer is cleaned in a cleaning agent to obtain the required electroforming product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the mode of forming the electroforming mold by using the 3D printing technology is simpler, the mold is formed more quickly, compared with the manual processing or mechanical processing in the prior art, the forming period of the mold can be obviously reduced, and the 3D printing technology can be used for printing various complex structures, has high forming precision and is suitable for molds of various shapes; the method for spraying graphite powder on the surface of the electroforming mold to carry out surface metallization has the advantages of low raw material price and convenient and fast operation, and the processing cost of small-scale product production can be obviously reduced by combining the pollution-free thermoplastic material adopted by the 3D printing technology; therefore, the combination of electroforming and 3D printing technology can greatly shorten the manufacturing period and cost of single small-batch products, and generate good economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an electroforming forming method based on 3D printing rapid molding, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and can obviously reduce the production period and the processing cost of single small-batch products on the premise of ensuring the processing quality.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the above objects, features and advantages more comprehensible.
The invention provides an electroforming forming method based on 3D printing rapid molding, which comprises the following steps:
1) drawing a three-dimensional model of the electroforming mold by utilizing three-dimensional modeling software such as SolidWorks and the like, and converting the three-dimensional model into a stl format file which can be recognized by a 3D printer; then, importing the stl format file into slicing software, setting slicing parameters for slicing, importing sliced data into a 3D printer, and manufacturing a mold by using the 3D printer; preferably, the printing material is one or more of ABS resin, polycarbonate, PPSF resin, polylactic acid and polyetherimide, and the thermoplastic material is selected, so that the price is lower, and the demolding process is very convenient;
2) carrying out metallization treatment on the surface of the mold to obtain an electroforming core mold; it should be noted that the purpose of the metallization treatment of the mold surface is to form a conductive layer on the mold surface for electroforming, and the existing methods include chemical plating, silver sintering and the like, but such methods have many chemical treatment steps and complicated processes; the method for spraying the graphite layer on the surface of the die is adopted in the embodiment, the thickness of the graphite layer is kept uniform, the region needing electroforming can be ensured to be conductive, the spraying method is simple, the processing period is short, and the cost is lower;
3) placing the electroforming core mould in electroforming liquid of an electroforming device, wherein the electroforming core mould is used as a cathode, and the casting layer metal is used as an anode; in the embodiment, the metal of the casting layer is a phosphor copper plate, the phosphor copper plate and the electroforming core mold are symmetrically arranged in parallel, and the electroforming liquid is H with the concentration of 60-70 g/L2SO4Aqueous solution and 200-300 g/L CuSO4The pH value of the water solution is 3-5, and additives such as brightening agent and the like are added into the electroforming solution. Among them, the electroforming apparatus used in the electroforming process is the existing apparatus, for example, the invention patents of patent numbers "201210161272.0" and "201310126312.2" all disclose electroforming apparatuses, so the detailed structure of the electroforming apparatus selected here is not repeated in this application; preferably, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the electroforming solution container, the constant temperature magnetic stirrer is used for heating and stirring the electroforming solution in the electroforming process, the electroforming temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, and the current density is 50A/dm2The electroforming time is 0.5h, and of course, the skilled person can select the specific electroforming temperature, current density and electroforming time by himself or herself according to the material of the electroforming metal.
4) Demolding to obtain an electroformed product; heating the electroforming core mould with the electroforming metal layer in an oven, melting and losing the electroforming core mould under the heating condition, taking out the electroforming metal layer, and cleaning the electroforming metal layer in a cleaning agent to obtain the required electroforming product.
In the embodiment, the mode of forming the electroforming mold by using the 3D printing technology is simpler, the mold is formed more quickly, compared with the manual processing or mechanical processing in the prior art, the forming period of the mold can be obviously reduced, various complex structures can be printed by using the 3D printing technology, the forming precision is high, and the method is suitable for molds with various shapes; the method for spraying graphite powder on the surface of the electroforming mold to carry out surface metallization has the advantages of low raw material price and convenient and fast operation, and the processing cost of small-scale product production can be obviously reduced by combining the pollution-free thermoplastic material adopted by the 3D printing technology; therefore, the combination of electroforming and 3D printing technology in this embodiment can greatly shorten the manufacturing cycle and cost of a single product, resulting in good economic and social benefits.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; also, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the embodiments and applications of the invention. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid molding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) drawing a three-dimensional model of the mold, slicing the three-dimensional model, importing sliced data into a 3D printer, and manufacturing the mold by using the 3D printer;
2) carrying out metallization treatment on the surface of the mold to obtain an electroforming core mold;
3) placing the electroforming core mould in electroforming liquid of an electroforming device, wherein the electroforming core mould is used as a cathode, and the casting layer metal is used as an anode;
4) and demolding to obtain the electroformed product.
2. The electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid prototyping according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the material for preparing the mold is one or more of ABS resin, polycarbonate, PPSF resin, polylactic acid, and polyetherimide.
3. The electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid prototyping of claim 1, wherein in step 2), graphite powder is sprayed on the surface of the mould to obtain the electroforming mandrel.
4. The electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid prototyping according to claim 1, wherein the electroforming solution in step 3) is an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble salt of the metal of the casting layer, and the water-soluble salt of the metal of the casting layer is one or more of metal hydrochloride, metal sulfate and metal organic salt.
5. The electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid prototyping of claim 4, wherein the metal of the casting layer is a phosphor copper plate, the phosphor copper plate and the electroforming core mold are symmetrically arranged in parallel, and the electroforming liquid is H with 60-70 g/L2SO4Aqueous solution and 200-300 g/L CuSO4Aqueous solution, and adding a brightener to the electroforming solution.
6. The electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid prototyping of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the pH value of the electroforming solution is 3-5, the electroforming temperature is 30-80 ℃, and the current density is 5A/dm2-70A/dm2The electroforming time is 0.5h-10 h.
7. The electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid prototyping of claim 1, wherein in step 3), a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the electroforming solution container, and the constant temperature magnetic stirrer is used for heating and stirring the electroforming solution during electroforming.
8. The electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid prototyping of claim 1, wherein in step 4), the electroforming core mold with the electroforming metal layer is heated in an oven, the electroforming core mold is melted and lost under the heating condition, the electroforming metal layer is taken out, and the electroforming metal layer is cleaned in a cleaning agent to obtain the required electroforming product.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010376620.0A CN111575748A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid molding |
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| CN202010376620.0A CN111575748A (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Electroforming method based on 3D printing rapid molding |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113354948A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Efficient manufacturing method of bionic adhesion material with expanded tail end |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113354948A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Efficient manufacturing method of bionic adhesion material with expanded tail end |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |