CN111565840A - 通过涉及多于一种二氧化硅材料的方法制备的fcc催化剂 - Google Patents
通过涉及多于一种二氧化硅材料的方法制备的fcc催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111565840A CN111565840A CN201980008140.4A CN201980008140A CN111565840A CN 111565840 A CN111565840 A CN 111565840A CN 201980008140 A CN201980008140 A CN 201980008140A CN 111565840 A CN111565840 A CN 111565840A
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- Prior art keywords
- silica
- stabilized
- sodium
- colloidal silica
- catalyst
- Prior art date
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 silicaCalcium Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052916 barium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HMOQPOVBDRFNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O HMOQPOVBDRFNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- PWZFXELTLAQOKC-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O PWZFXELTLAQOKC-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014571 C—O—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004110 Zinc silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCCZVLHHCNQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na][Si] Chemical compound [Na][Si] JCCZVLHHCNQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGZSVWMBUCGDCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(methyl)silane Chemical class C[SiH2]Cl YGZSVWMBUCGDCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGHUUVGIRWMJGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorodimethylsilane Chemical class C[SiH](C)Cl YGHUUVGIRWMJGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical class C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013411 master cell bank Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001921 poly-methyl-phenyl-siloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052917 strontium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSQXISIULMTHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O QSQXISIULMTHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc silicate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019352 zinc silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/12—Silica and alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/16—Clays or other mineral silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/084—Y-type faujasite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
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Abstract
本文提供了用于制备催化剂的方法和包含多于一种二氧化硅的催化剂。因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种颗粒状FCC催化剂,其包含约5至约60重量%的一种或多种沸石,约10至约45重量%的准结晶勃姆石(QCB),约0至约35重量%的微晶勃姆石(MCB),大于约0至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,大于约0至约30重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,和余量的粘土;以及用于制备所述催化剂的方法。此方法形成具有良好性能的耐磨损催化剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有更好的物理性质和性能的催化剂组合物及其在用于裂化或转化由烃(例如像从原油加工获得的那些烃)组成的进料的方法中的用途。
背景技术
在非均相催化剂的设计和生产中的常见挑战是在活性位点的有效性和/或可及性与固定基质在赋予催化剂颗粒足够的物理强度(即耐磨损性)方面的有效性之间寻找良好的折衷。
在一些现有技术文献中公开了耐磨损催化剂的制备。US4,086,187公开了通过喷雾干燥水性浆液来制备耐磨损催化剂的方法,所述水性浆液通过将(i)钠含量小于5重量%的八面沸石与(ii)高岭土、(iii)胶溶的假勃姆石和(iv)聚硅酸铵混合而制备。根据US 4,206,085的耐磨损催化剂通过喷雾干燥浆液来制备,所述浆液通过混合两种类型的酸化假勃姆石、沸石、氧化铝、粘土和聚硅酸铵或硅溶胶而制备。
WO 02/098563公开了一种制备具有高耐磨损性和高可及性的FCC催化剂的方法。催化剂通过以下来制备:将沸石、粘土和勃姆石浆化,将浆液进料到成形设备中,并使混合物成形以形成颗粒,其特征在于就在成形步骤之前使混合物去稳定。这种去稳定化是通过例如温度升高、pH升高、pH降低或加入凝胶诱导剂(诸如盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐和(部分)胶凝的二氧化硅)来实现的。在去稳定化之前,浆液中存在的任何可胶溶化合物必须已被充分胶溶。
WO 06/067154描述了FCC催化剂、其制备和用途。它公开了一种用于制备具有高耐磨损性和高可及性的FCC催化剂的方法。催化剂通过以下来制备:将粘土、沸石、无钠二氧化硅源、准结晶勃姆石和微晶勃姆石浆化,条件是所述浆液不包含胶溶的准结晶勃姆石,b)向浆液中加入一价酸,c)将浆液的pH调节至大于3的值,和d)使浆液成形以形成颗粒。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种FCC催化剂,其意在用于在特定催化剂组合物上裂化烃进料以产生分子量低于进料烃的转化产物烃化合物(例如包含高汽油馏分的产物)的方法。本发明的独特特征是使用多于一种二氧化硅源。
因此,在一个实施方案中,提供了一种颗粒状FCC催化剂,其包含约5至约60重量%的一种或多种沸石,约10至约45重量%的准结晶勃姆石(QCB),约0至约35重量%的微晶勃姆石(MCB),大于约0至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,大于约0至约30重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,和余量的粘土。
在另一个实施方案中,提供了一种用于制造FCC催化剂的方法,其中所述方法包括:
(a)加入粘土、勃姆石、钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅以形成浆液;
(b)用单质子酸消化浆液至pH小于4;
(c)向浆液中加入一种或多种沸石;
(d)在步骤(a)–(c)期间或之后,但在步骤(e)之前的任何时间,加入氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅;
(e)混合浆液,然后通过将pH提高至4.0以上使浆液去稳定;
(f)成形并收集所得的FCC催化剂。
所得的催化剂显示出改进的超过在本领域中已知的益处。从物理性质(ABD和磨损)明显看出,本发明的催化剂显示出与本领域已知的催化剂相似的属性。然而,所述催化剂中的每一种都显示出性能优点,特别是在塔底物或焦炭方面。
在再一实施方案中,提供了一种用于裂化石油馏分原料的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a)提供一种FCC催化剂组合物,其包含约5至约60重量%的一种或多种沸石,约10至约45重量%的准结晶勃姆石,约0至约35重量%的微晶勃姆石,大于约0至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,大于约0至约30重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,和余量的粘土;
b)使所述FCC催化剂与所述石油馏分原料在400℃至650℃范围内的温度下接触,停留时间在0.5至12秒的范围内。
根据以下包括所附权利要求的详细描述,本发明的这些以及其他实施方案、优点和特征将变得更加明显。
具体实施方式
除非另有说明,否则本文所用的重量百分比(___重量%)是基于指定物质或物质形式为其成分或组分的产品的总干基重,物质的指定形式的干基重百分比。应当进一步理解,当在本文中以某种方式将步骤或组分或元素描述为优选时,它们在本公开的初始日期是优选的,并且这些优选当然可以根据给定的情况或本领域的未来发展而变化。
一般程序
制造改进的催化剂的方法的第一步骤是将粘土源与钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅以及一种或多种氧化铝(勃姆石)源混合。如以下将讨论的,可以向此浆液中或在随后的步骤中任选地加入氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的第二二氧化硅源。可以将粘土、沸石、QCB、MCB、钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅和任选的其他组分作为干燥固体加入水中而石浆化。或者,将包含单独材料的浆液混合以形成浆液。也可以将某些材料作为浆液加入,而另一些材料作为干燥固体加入。任选地,可以加入其他组分,例如水合氯化铝、硝酸铝、Al2O3、Al(OH)3、阴离子粘土(例如水滑石)、蒙脱石、海泡石、钛酸钡、钛酸钙、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、钛酸镁、混合金属氧化物、层状羟基盐、其他沸石、氧化镁、碱或盐和/或金属添加剂,诸如含有碱土金属(例如Mg、Ca和Ba)、IIIA族过渡金属、IVA族过渡金属(例如Ti、Zr)、VA族过渡金属(例如V、Nb)、VIA族过渡金属(例如Cr、Mo、W)、VIIA族过渡金属(例如Mn)、VIIIA族过渡金属(例如,Fe、Co、Ni、Ru、Rh、Pd、Pt)、IB族过渡金属(例如,Cu)、IIB族过渡金属(例如,Zn)、镧系元素(例如,La、Ce)或其混合物的化合物。可以使用这些化合物的任何添加顺序。也可以同时组合所有这些化合物。
术语“勃姆石”在工业中用于描述表现出接近于氧化铝-氢氧化物[AlO(OH)]的X射线衍射(XRD)图案的氧化铝水合物。此外,术语勃姆石通常用于描述各种氧化铝水合物,其包含不同量的水合水,具有不同的表面积、孔体积、比密度并且在热处理时表现出不同的热特性。然而,尽管它们表现出特征性勃姆石[AlO(OH)]峰,但它们的XRD图案通常在其宽度上有所变化,并且在其位置上也会发生偏移。XRD峰的尖锐度及其位置已用于指示结晶度、晶体尺寸和缺陷量。
广义上,勃姆石氧化铝有两类:准结晶勃姆石(QCB)和微晶勃姆石(MCB)。在现有技术中,准结晶勃姆石也被称为假勃姆石和凝胶状勃姆石。通常,与MCB相比,这些QCB具有更高的表面积、更大的孔和孔体积以及更低的比密度。它们容易分散在水或酸中,晶体尺寸比MCB更小,并且含有更大量的水合水分子。QCB的水合程度可具有宽范围的值,例如每摩尔Al约1.4直至约2摩尔水,通常有序地或以其他方式插在八面体层之间。一些典型的可商购获得的QCB是和产品。
微晶勃姆石与QCB的区别在于它们的高结晶度、相对较大的晶体尺寸、非常低的表面积和高密度。与QCB相反,MCB显示的XRD图案具有较高的峰强度和非常窄的半宽度。这是由于它们的***的水分子的数量相对较少,晶体尺寸大,块状材料的结晶度较高以及晶体缺陷量较小。通常,***的水分子的量可以在每摩尔Al约1直至约1.4的范围内变化。
基于最终催化剂,浆液优选包含约1至约50重量%、更优选约10至约35重量%的非胶溶QCB。基于最终催化剂,浆液还包含约0至约50重量%、更优选约0至约35重量%的MCB。
粘土优选具有低钠含量或不含钠。合适的粘土包括高岭土、膨润土、皂石、海泡石、绿坡缕石、合成锂皂石、锂蒙脱石、英国粘土、阴离子粘土诸如水滑石和热处理或化学处理的粘土诸如偏高岭土。基于最终催化剂,浆液优选包含约5至约70重量%、更优选约10至约60重量%、并且最优选约10至约50重量%的粘土。
在下一步骤中,将一价酸加入悬浮液中,引起消化。可以使用有机和无机一价酸,或其混合物。合适的一价酸的实例是甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、硝酸和盐酸。将酸以足以获得低于7、更优选在1与4之间的pH值的量加入浆液中。
在下一步骤中,加入一种或多种沸石。用于根据本发明的方法的沸石优选具有低钠含量(小于1.5重量%的Na2O),或者不含钠。待使用的合适的沸石包括诸如Y-沸石的沸石,包括HY、USY、脱铝的Y、RE-Y和RE-USY沸石β、ZSM-5、磷活化的ZSM-5、离子交换的ZSM-5、MCM-22和MCM-36、金属交换的沸石、ITQ、SAPO、ALPO及其混合物。基于最终催化剂,浆液优选包含5至60重量%的一种或多种沸石。
如以下将讨论的,如果第二二氧化硅源是氨稳定或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅,可以在任何事先点将所述第二二氧化硅源加入浆料中。
然后,使上述浆液通过高剪切混合器,在其中通过增加pH值使其去稳定。随后将浆液的pH调节至3以上、更优选3.5以上、甚至更优选4以上的值。浆液的pH优选不高于7,因为具有较高pH的浆液可能难以处理。可以通过向浆液中加入碱(例如,NaOH或NH4OH)来调节pH。pH调节与成形步骤d)之间的时间段优选为30分钟或更短,更优选小于5分钟,并且最优选小于3分钟。在此步骤中,浆液的固体含量优选为约10至约45重量%,更优选约15至约40重量%,并且最优选约25至约35重量%。
然后使浆液成形。合适的成形方法包括喷雾干燥、脉冲干燥、造粒、挤出(任选地与捏合组合)、成珠或在催化剂和吸收剂领域中使用的任何其他常规成形方法或其组合。优选的成形方法是喷雾干燥。如果通过喷雾干燥使催化剂成形,则喷雾干燥器的入口温度优选在300℃至600℃范围内,并且出口温度优选在105℃至200℃范围内。
二氧化硅源
本发明的独特特征是在催化剂颗粒内使用至少两种二氧化硅源。加入的二氧化硅总量大于1.0%。优选总二氧化硅大于约5.0%,并且最优选二氧化硅的总量大于约10.0%。此外,优选第一二氧化硅源与第二二氧化硅源的比例为约1:1至约1:10。
第一二氧化硅源通常是低钠二氧化硅源,并且被加入初始浆液中。此类二氧化硅源的实例包括但不限于硅酸钾、硅酸钠、硅酸锂、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸钡、硅酸锶、硅酸锌、硅酸磷和硅酸钡。合适的有机硅酸盐的实例是硅酮(聚有机硅氧烷,诸如聚甲基苯基硅氧烷和聚二甲基硅氧烷)和其他包含Si-O-C-O-Si结构的化合物及其前体,诸如甲基氯硅烷、二甲基氯硅烷、三甲基氯硅烷及其混合物。优选的低钠二氧化硅源是钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅。基于最终催化剂的重量,浆液还包含大于0至约15重量%、并且更优选大于约0.5至约10重量%的来自低钠硅源的二氧化硅,并且最优选大于约1重量%至8重量%。
第二二氧化硅源通常是氨稳定的胶态二氧化硅或钠含量低于第一二氧化硅源的更低钠稳定的二氧化硅。通常,在氨作为电荷稳定剂存在的情况下,氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的pH为约7-11。更通常地,氨稳定的胶体的pH为约8-10.5。氨稳定的二氧化硅也可具有非常低的钠或基本不含钠。作为第二二氧化硅源加入的合适的硅源包括(聚)硅酸、硅酸铵、无钠硅源和有机硅源或其混合物。基于最终催化剂的重量,此第二次加入二氧化硅以大于约0至30重量%、优选大于约1重量%至约25重量%并且最优选约5至约20%的量加入。
所得的催化剂
所述催化剂通常是FCC催化剂,其包含约5至约60%的一种或多种沸石,约10至约45重量%的准结晶勃姆石,约0至约25重量%的微晶勃姆石,大于约0重量%至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,大于约0重量%至约30重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,和余量的粘土。
这些催化剂可在加氢处理催化剂、烷基化催化剂、重整催化剂、气液转化催化剂、煤转化催化剂、制氢催化剂和汽车催化剂中用作FCC催化剂或FCC添加剂。本发明的方法特别适用于流化催化裂化(FCC)。在FCC方法(其细节通常是已知的)中,催化剂通常以细颗粒状存在,其包含超过90重量%的直径在约5至约300微米范围内的颗粒。在反应器部分中,将烃原料气化并向上引导通过反应区,使得颗粒状催化剂在烃原料流中被夹带和流化。来自再生器的热催化剂与被催化剂汽化和裂化的烃进料反应。通常反应器中的温度为400C-650C,并且压力可以在减压、大气压或超大气压下,通常为约大气压至约5个大气压。催化方法可以是固定床、移动床或流化床,并且烃流可以与催化剂流并流或逆流。本发明的方法也适用于TCC(Thermofor催化裂化)或DCC。
实施例
在任何实验室测试之前,必须使催化剂失活以模拟精炼装置中的催化剂,这通常是用蒸汽完成的。这些样品通过在蒸汽存在下用Ni/V(其由裂化、汽提和再生步骤组成)或在较高温度下用100%蒸汽(这是工业上接受的用于FCC催化剂的失活方法)的循环失活来失活。失活步骤是本领域已知的,并且对于催化活性是必需的。在商业FCC环境中,失活会在引入催化剂后不久发生,并且不需要作为单独的步骤进行。
实施例1使用本文所述的技术制备四个单独的实施例。将每个单独的实施例与使用单个二氧化硅源的基础情形进行比较。对于所述实施例中的每一个,每种二氧化硅的量都是变化的,如下表中所详述。从以下显示的物理性质(ABD和磨损)数据明显看出,本发明的所有催化剂显示出与基础催化剂相似的属性。但是,所述催化剂中的每一种都显示出性能优点,特别是在塔底物或焦炭方面。
使实施例进行流体微活性测试、流化床模拟测试(FST)或高级裂化评估(ACE)。ACE是本领域已知并普遍接受的用于确定催化剂的FCC裂化活性的测试。在ACE中,用一系列四种催化剂与进料比(CTO)进行测试,所述四种催化剂与进料比(CTO)通过改变注入反应器的进料的质量获得,同时对于所有运行使用相同量的催化剂。测试设备模拟已知量和组成特征的烃原料的已知量的裂化。此小型测试装置是单程装置,并且大致如ASTM 5154-10中那样操作。
催化剂的耐磨损性使用基本上基于用于通过空气射流测定粉末催化剂的磨损和磨耗的ASTM 5757标准测试方法的方法来测量,其结果表明,当使用上述方法测试材料时,催化剂的耐磨损性越强,观察到的所得磨损指数值越低。
实施例1-A:
催化剂说明 | 对比例1 | 催化剂1 |
低钠胶态二氧化硅 | 20.0 | 5.0 |
NH4-胶态二氧化硅 | 0.0 | 15.0 |
性质 | 对比例1 | 催化剂1 |
ABD | 0.69 | 0.74 |
磨损性 | 1.52 | 0.83 |
实施例1-B:
催化剂说明 | 对比例2 | 催化剂2 |
低钠胶态二氧化硅 | 20.0 | 5.0 |
NH4-胶态二氧化硅 | 0.0 | 15.0 |
性质 | 对比例2 | 催化剂2 |
ABD | 0.71 | 0.7 |
磨损性 | 1.14 | 1.04 |
实施例1-C:
催化剂说明 | 对比例3 | 催化剂3 | 催化剂4 |
低钠胶态二氧化硅 | 13.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
NH4-胶态二氧化硅 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 |
性质 | 对比例3 | 催化剂3 | 催化剂4 |
ABD | 0.68 | 0.67 | 0.67 |
磨损性 | 1.27 | 1.36 | 1.30 |
Claims (14)
1.一种FCC催化剂组合物,其包含约5至约60重量%的一种或多种沸石,约10至约45重量%的准结晶勃姆石,约0至约35重量%的微晶勃姆石,大于0重量%至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,大于0重量%至约30重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,和余量的粘土。
2.如权利要求1所述的FCC催化剂,其具有大于.5重量%至约10重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
3.如权利要求2所述的FCC催化剂,其具有大于1重量%至约8重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
4.如权利要求1所述的FCC催化剂,其具有大于1重量%至约25重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
5.如权利要求4所述的FCC催化剂,其具有大于5重量%至约20重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
6.一种用于制造FCC催化剂的方法,其包括:
a.加入粘土、勃姆石、钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅以形成浆液;
b.用单质子酸消化浆液至pH小于4;
c.向所述浆液中加入一种或多种沸石;
d.在步骤(a)–(c)期间或之后,但在步骤(e)之前的任何时间,加入氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅;
e.混合所述浆液,然后通过将pH提高至4.0以上使所述浆液去稳定;
f.成形并收集所得的FCC催化剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其还包括加入约5至约60重量%的一种或多种沸石。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法,其还包括加入大于0至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的碱性胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
9.如权利要求6所述的方法,其还包括加入大于.5重量%至约10重量%的来自钠稳定的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
10.如权利要求6所述的方法,其还包括加入大于0至约30重量%的氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅。
11.如权利要求6所述的方法,其还包括加入大于1重量%至约25重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
12.如权利要求6所述的方法,其还包括加入大于5重量%至约20重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅。
13.一种由权利要求6所述的方法制成的催化剂,其包含约5至约60重量%的一种或多种沸石,约10至约45重量%的准结晶勃姆石,约0至约35重量%的微晶勃姆石,大于0至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的碱性胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,大于0至约30重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,和余量的粘土。
14.一种用于由烃原料生产更多液体组分的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a.提供一种FCC催化剂组合物,其具有约5至约60重量%的一种或多种沸石,约10至约45重量%的准结晶勃姆石,约0至约35重量%的微晶勃姆石,大于0至约15重量%的来自钠稳定的碱性胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,大于0至约30重量%的来自氨稳定的或更低钠的胶态二氧化硅的二氧化硅,和余量的粘土;
b.在约400℃至约650℃范围内的一种或多种温度下,使所述FCC颗粒状催化剂组合物与所述烃原料接触,停留时间在约0.5至约12秒的范围内;使得形成丙烯的转化效率在基于所述烃原料的重量的约4至约20重量%的范围内。
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