CN111562646A - Method for manufacturing non-uniform Bragg fiber grating and structure thereof - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing non-uniform Bragg fiber grating and structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111562646A CN111562646A CN202010478914.4A CN202010478914A CN111562646A CN 111562646 A CN111562646 A CN 111562646A CN 202010478914 A CN202010478914 A CN 202010478914A CN 111562646 A CN111562646 A CN 111562646A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
- G02B6/02133—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference
- G02B6/02138—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference based on illuminating a phase mask
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
- G02B6/02152—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating involving moving the fibre or a manufacturing element, stretching of the fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a non-uniform Bragg fiber grating and a structure thereof, comprising the following steps: s100, carrying out hydrogen loading treatment in a hydrogen loading reaction kettle under the high pressure condition of 12-15 Mpa; s200, writing a Bragg fiber grating on the optical fiber subjected to the hydrogen-carrying sensitization treatment in the S100 by using a fiber grating writing system with a phase mask plate to manufacture a uniform Bragg fiber grating; s300, performing optical fiber tapering treatment on the prepared uniform Bragg optical fiber grating in an optical fiber tapering system to prepare a non-uniform Bragg optical fiber grating; the manufactured non-uniform Bragg fiber grating comprises a grating area, a left bare leg and a right bare leg which are arranged at two ends of the grating area, wherein a cladding and a fiber core radius of the grating area form a structure with an optical period changing, and the effective refractive index of the grating area changes periodically along the axial direction. The chirped fiber grating is simple and convenient to manufacture and high in applicability, and the problem of high cost caused by the fact that the chirped fiber grating is manufactured by using the chirped phase mask plate can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber grating manufacture, in particular to a method and a structure for manufacturing a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating.
Background
The chirped fiber grating is a fiber grating formed by gradually increasing (decreasing) the amplitude or period of the refractive index change of the fiber core along the axial direction of the fiber. The chirped fiber grating is an important device widely applied to the technical field of optical fibers such as optical fiber communication, optical fiber sensing, optical fiber light source and the like, can be applied to dispersion compensation, stable synthesis of a multi-wavelength light source, shaping of short fiber laser, manufacturing of stable continuous wave and adjustable mode-locked external cavity semiconductor laser and the like, wherein the most important application lies in that the chirped fiber grating is used for dispersion compensation, and the chirped fiber grating is the most effective scheme in realizing a dispersion compensation system by different methods due to the advantages of full fiber type, low loss, small volume, light weight, low cost, flexibility, convenience and the like. Because the effective refractive index or grating period of the chirped fiber grating is non-uniform, resulting in different wavelengths of incident light reflected at different positions along the chirped fiber grating axis, the chirped fiber grating is characterized by a broad reflection spectrum, a gradually changing group delay within the reflection bandwidth, and the slope of the group delay curve, i.e., the dispersion value of the fiber grating, so that the chirped fiber grating can be used as a dispersion compensator.
Chirped fiber gratings are generally made by two types of methods: the first type, a non-uniform effective refractive index is used, i.e. the grating period of the fiber grating is uniform, but the modulation depth of the effective refractive index of the waveguide medium within the grating period varies with length; in the second category, a non-uniform grating period is used, i.e. the grating period of the fiber grating varies with length. Byron et al, the first report on a method for fabricating chirped fiber gratings, which generated equal-period fringes in a tapered sensitive fiber by using a conventional two-beam UV interference method, and generated chirps under tension due to different cross-sectional areas of points along the axial direction of the grating, and thus formed chirped fiber gratings, which was the earliest method for fabricating chirped fiber gratings, but had disadvantages in that it was necessary to form a taper by corroding the cladding of the fiber, and thus it was difficult to control the performance of reflected waves, and it inevitably damaged the mechanical properties of the fiber. Thereafter, in order to improve the manufacturing process of the chirped fiber grating, various new manufacturing methods are continuously introduced, such as a double exposure method, a holographic interference method, a bending method, a fiber tilt method, a chirped phase mask method, and the like, however, each method has its advantages and relative limitations, for example, it is the most stable and efficient method to make chirped fiber bragg grating by using chirped phase mask, the period of which is gradually changed according to the designed requirement, the required chirped fiber bragg grating can be written by using the mask, but the processing technology of the method is difficult, the chirp phase mask plate is expensive, the price of a good chirp phase mask plate is ten-million yuan, and the chirp amount is fixed, the use is not flexible, and one chirp phase mask plate can only write chirp fiber bragg grating within a certain wavelength range, so that the practicality of the chirp phase mask plate is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mask plate which solves the problem of inflexible use caused by that one mask plate can only write the chirped fiber grating with a certain wavelength range when the chirped phase mask plate is used for manufacturing the chirped fiber grating, and simultaneously avoids the problem of high cost caused by the use of the chirped phase mask plate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for manufacturing a non-uniform Bragg fiber grating comprises the following steps:
s100, carrying out hydrogen loading treatment on the hydrogen-loaded sensitization treated optical fiber under the high-pressure condition of 12-15 Mpa in a hydrogen-loaded reaction kettle;
s200, manufacturing a uniform Bragg fiber grating, namely, etching the Bragg fiber grating on the fiber subjected to the hydrogen-carrying sensitization treatment in the S100 by utilizing a fiber grating etching system with a phase mask plate to manufacture the uniform Bragg fiber grating;
s300, performing optical fiber tapering treatment on the prepared uniform Bragg optical fiber grating in an optical fiber tapering system to prepare a non-uniform Bragg optical fiber grating;
the manufactured non-uniform Bragg fiber grating comprises a grating area, a left bare leg and a right bare leg which are arranged at two ends of the grating area, wherein a cladding and a fiber core radius of the grating area form a structure with an optical period changing, and the effective refractive index of the grating area changes periodically along the axial direction.
The optical fiber tapering system of the non-uniform Bragg optical fiber grating manufacturing method comprises a computer, a hydrogen generator, a tapering machine and a torch head, wherein the tapering machine comprises a first vacuum groove suction clamp and a stretching table for clamping an optical fiber, a second vacuum groove suction clamp and a stretching table, the first vacuum groove suction clamp and the stretching table, the second vacuum groove suction clamp and the stretching table control the stretching speed through a stretching control motor, and the torch head controls the torch position and the torch size of the torch head through a torch control motor;
step S300 is to perform the optical fiber tapering process using the optical fiber tapering system as follows:
opening a computer, starting the optical fiber tapering system, and fixing the two ends of the uniform optical fiber Bragg grating manufactured in the step S200 on a first vacuum groove suction clamp and a stretching table, and a second vacuum groove suction clamp and a stretching table;
and then opening a hydrogen generator to ensure hydrogen flow, heating and melting the uniform fiber Bragg grating under oxyhydrogen flame, simultaneously stretching the uniform fiber Bragg grating to two sides at a certain speed by the first vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table, the second vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table, and finally forming a conical structure in a heating zone, namely finishing the manufacture of the non-uniform fiber Bragg grating.
Further, the drawing speed of the optical fiber tapering process in step S300 of the method for manufacturing the non-uniform bragg fiber grating is 100 μm/S to 300 μm/S, which can ensure that the non-uniform bragg fiber grating obtained by drawing has a good chirp effect.
When the optical fiber tapering system of the non-uniform bragg optical fiber grating manufacturing method is in operation, the computer 1 further uses a tapering system parameter setting program to control:
firstly, opening a computer to run a parameter setting program of a tapering system, clicking to determine when the displayed connection is successful;
secondly, entering parameter setting to set parameters of stretching speed, hydrogen flow and torch position, entering a working interface after the parameter setting is finished, and clicking an initialization torch head to automatically adjust to the set position;
then, opening the hydrogen generator, ensuring the hydrogen flow, waiting for the hydrogen flow to reach a preset value, and simultaneously fixing uniform Bragg fiber gratings manufactured by a uniform phase mask plate on a first vacuum suction groove clamp and a stretching table and a second vacuum suction groove clamp and a stretching table of the tapering machine when the hydrogen flow reaches the preset value, wherein the optical fiber is placed in a position that a grid area part is placed between two stretching supports, and igniting the hydrogen by using a lighter when the hydrogen flow reaches the preset value, and starting combustion by using a torch head;
and finally, covering a protective cover of the cone drawing machine, clicking to operate, starting the cone drawing machine to work, stopping the cone drawing machine when the cone region is stretched to the target distance in length, closing a hydrogen flow switch, opening the protective cover of the cone drawing machine, and respectively opening the first vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table and the clamps of the second vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table to obtain the chirped fiber grating.
The utility model provides a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating structure, is including setting up in the left naked shank and the right naked shank at both ends to and set up the grating district that is the optical period change between left naked shank and right naked shank, the cladding and the fibre core radius of the grating district that are the optical period change form the structure that the optical period changes, and the grating effective refractive index of the grating district that is the optical period change changes along axial periodicity.
Furthermore, the total length of the grating region with optical period variation of the non-uniform fiber Bragg grating structure is 20-30mm, the grating region with optical period variation comprises two symmetrically arranged fiber fused tapering regions, each fiber fused tapering region comprises a cladding and a fiber core, the diameters of the cladding and the fiber core of each fiber fused tapering region are tapered along the axial direction of the fiber to form a tapered structure, the ratio of the diameters of the cladding and the fiber core is kept constant, and the minimum outer diameter of the fiber fused tapering region is smaller than 50 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the chirp fiber grating manufacturing method has the advantages of low processing difficulty, low cost and flexible use, can control the chirp period by adjusting the stretching speed of the tapering machine and the length of the stretching cone area, is suitable for simple manufacture of common chirp fiber gratings, solves the problem of inflexible use caused by that one mask plate can only write chirp fiber gratings in a certain wavelength range when the chirp phase mask plate is used for manufacturing the chirp fiber gratings, and simultaneously avoids the problem of high cost caused by using the chirp phase mask plate. The chirped fiber grating has important significance for further application in the fields of fiber communication and fiber sensing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating a non-uniform Bragg fiber grating;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber tapering system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber grating writing system;
FIG. 5 is one embodiment of a flow chart of a method of fabricating a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating;
wherein: 1-computer, 2-hydrogen generator, 3-uniform fiber grating, 4-tapering machine, 41-first vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table, 42-second vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table, 5-torch head, 6-control motor, 61-stretching control motor, 62-torch control motor, 7-laser source, 8-reflector, 9-diaphragm, 10-beam expander, 11-cylindrical mirror, 12-phase mask plate, 13-optical fiber, 14-fiber clamp, 20-non-uniform fiber Bragg grating structure, 21-left bare leg, 22-right bare leg, 23-grating zone with optical period change.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the combination or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description process of the embodiment of the present invention, the positional relationships of the devices such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like in all the drawings are based on fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for fabricating a non-uniform bragg fiber grating includes the following steps:
s100, carrying out hydrogen loading treatment on the hydrogen-loaded sensitization treated optical fiber under the high-pressure condition of 12-15 Mpa in a hydrogen loading reaction kettle, discharging high-pressure hydrogen from the hydrogen loading reaction kettle through a hydrogen exhaust pipe after the hydrogen loading treatment is finished, and taking out the optical fiber in the reaction kettle to have photosensitivity; generally, in the hydrogen-carrying reaction, the amount of hydrogen gas injected into the hydrogen-carrying reactor may be set to 12MPa, 13MPa, 14MPa and 15 MPa.
S200, manufacturing a uniform Bragg fiber grating, namely, etching the Bragg fiber grating on the fiber subjected to the hydrogen-carrying sensitization treatment in the S100 by utilizing a fiber grating etching system with a phase mask plate to manufacture the uniform Bragg fiber grating;
s300, performing optical fiber tapering treatment on the prepared uniform Bragg optical fiber grating in an optical fiber tapering system to prepare a non-uniform Bragg optical fiber grating;
the manufactured non-uniform Bragg fiber grating comprises a grating area, a left bare leg and a right bare leg which are arranged at two ends of the grating area, wherein a cladding and a fiber core radius of the grating area form a structure with an optical period changing, and the effective refractive index of the grating area changes periodically along the axial direction. The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating, which comprises the steps of firstly utilizing a uniform phase mask plate to write on a common single-mode fiber to manufacture the uniform fiber Bragg grating, and then utilizing an optical fiber tapering machine to taper a fiber grating area to form the non-uniform fiber Bragg grating.
In the process of fusion tapering the uniform Bragg fiber grating, due to the high temperature of the hydrogen flame zone, the stretching of the two ends of the fiber and other factors, the fiber grating zone forms a conical structure with uneven diameter along the axial direction, thereby causing the grating period to change, simultaneously generating the equivalent refractive index distribution with uneven period, and finally realizing the manufacture of the chirped fiber grating. The chirped fiber grating is simple and convenient to manufacture and high in applicability, the problem of high cost caused by the fact that the chirped fiber grating is manufactured by using the chirped phase mask plate can be effectively solved, and the chirped fiber grating has certain application value in the field of manufacturing of the chirped fiber grating.
As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the optical fiber tapering system of fig. 3, the optical fiber tapering system of the non-uniform bragg fiber grating manufacturing method includes a computer 1, a hydrogen generator 2, a tapering machine 4, a torch head 5, and a control motor 6, where the tapering machine 4 includes a first vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 41 and a second vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 42 for clamping an optical fiber, and the first vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 41 and the second vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 42 control the stretching speed through a stretching control motor 61, and the torch head 5 controls the torch position and the torch size of the torch head 5 through a torch control motor 62, that is, the control motor 6 includes a stretching control motor 61 and a torch control motor 62;
step S300 is to perform the optical fiber tapering process using the optical fiber tapering system as follows:
opening a computer, starting the optical fiber tapering system, and fixing the two ends of the uniform optical fiber bragg grating manufactured in the step S200 on the first vacuum groove suction clamp and stretching table 41 and the second vacuum groove suction clamp and stretching table 42;
then, the hydrogen generator 2 is opened to ensure the hydrogen flow, the uniform fiber bragg grating is heated and melted under oxyhydrogen flame, and simultaneously the first vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 41 and the second vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 42 stretch the uniform fiber bragg grating to two sides at a certain speed, and finally a conical structure is formed in a heating zone, thus completing the manufacture of the non-uniform fiber bragg grating. In the treatment process of the optical front-end tapering system, as shown in fig. 5, when the tapering machine of the optical fiber tapering system is started, the uniform fiber bragg grating is subjected to tapering melting, whether the non-uniform fiber bragg grating is qualified or not is judged, when the non-uniform fiber bragg grating is unqualified, the setting of the stretching speed and the torch position of the tapering machine needs to be returned, the step of returning to the step of S100 is performed, the hydrogen-carrying sensitization treatment is performed on the optical fiber, and the hydrogen-carrying treatment is performed under the high-pressure condition of 12Mpa-15Mpa in the hydrogen-carrying reaction kettle.
In the step S300 of the method for manufacturing a non-uniform bragg fiber grating, the drawing speed of the fiber tapering process is 100 μm/S to 300 μm/S, so that the fiber grating obtained by drawing has a proper chirp period.
When the optical fiber tapering system of the non-uniform bragg optical fiber grating manufacturing method is in operation, the computer 1 further uses a tapering system parameter setting program to control:
firstly, opening a computer tapering system parameter setting program to ensure that the display connection is successful and clicking to determine;
secondly, entering parameter setting to set parameters of stretching speed, hydrogen flow and torch position, entering a working interface after the parameter setting is finished, and clicking an initialization torch head to automatically adjust to the set position;
then, opening the hydrogen generator, ensuring the hydrogen flow, waiting for the hydrogen flow to reach a preset value, and simultaneously fixing the uniform Bragg fiber bragg grating manufactured by the uniform phase mask plate on a first vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 41 and a second vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table 42 of the cone drawing machine when the hydrogen flow reaches the preset value, wherein the optical fiber is placed in a position that the part of a grid area is placed between two stretching supports, and when the hydrogen flow reaches the preset value, igniting the hydrogen by using a lighter, and starting combustion by using a torch head;
and finally, covering a protective cover of the cone drawing machine, clicking to operate, starting the cone drawing machine, stopping the operation of the cone drawing machine when the length of the cone area is stretched to a target distance, closing a hydrogen flow switch, opening the protective cover of the cone drawing machine, and respectively opening the clamps of the first vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table 41 and the clamps of the second vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table 42 to obtain the chirped fiber grating.
The hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen generator 2 according to the non-uniform bragg grating fabrication method is set to 100sccm to 200sccm, where sccm is a volume flow unit, and an abbreviation of Standard Cubic center meter per Minute indicates Standard milliliters per Minute.
The optical fiber tapering system of the non-uniform Bragg optical fiber grating manufacturing method is any one of an oxyhydrogen flame method and a high-pressure discharge method and is used for performing fused tapering on an optical fiber. As an example, the laser is a femtosecond laser. Specifically, the working wavelength of the laser is 800nm, the pulse width is 50fs, and the repetition frequency is 1 KHz.
The manufacturing method of the non-uniform fiber Bragg grating adjusts the position of the torch head to the position that the distance Y parameter from the central axis of the torch head to the center of the uniform fiber Bragg grating is set to be 24.179mm, so that the position of the torch head can be aligned to the fiber cone region and is uniformly heated and fused.
As shown in fig. 4, the fiber grating writing system of the non-uniform bragg fiber grating manufacturing method includes a laser 7, a reflector 8, a diaphragm 9, a beam expander 10, a cylindrical mirror 11, a phase mask 12, and a fiber clamp 13, which are sequentially disposed, the fiber clamp 14 is used to clamp an optical fiber 13, and the uniform bragg fiber grating manufacturing method specifically includes:
opening a laser and a laser pumping source, and locking the power of laser pumping light to 100-400 mW; and (2) turning on a laser light source, adjusting the power of the laser light source to 300-400 mW, simultaneously turning on an optical power meter and adjusting to zero, enabling a laser beam emitted by a laser to pass through a fiber grating writing system, presenting a linear light spot on a fiber core behind a phase mask plate 12, then etching the fiber grating, and carrying out grating etching for 2-4 minutes, wherein the refractive index of the fiber core of the fiber is periodically modulated to form the uniform fiber Bragg grating. The laser is one of an excimer laser and a femtosecond laser.
As shown in fig. 2, a non-uniform fiber bragg grating structure 20 includes a left bare leg 21 and a right bare leg 22 disposed at two ends, and a grating region 23 with an optical period varying between the left bare leg 21 and the right bare leg 22, where a cladding and a core radius of the grating region 23 with the optical period varying form a structure with the optical period varying, and a grating effective refractive index of the grating region 23 with the optical period varying varies periodically along an axial direction. The chirped fiber grating is simple and convenient to manufacture and high in applicability, and the problem of high cost caused by the fact that the chirped fiber grating is manufactured by using the chirped phase mask plate can be effectively solved.
The total length of the grating region 23 with the optical period change of the non-uniform fiber Bragg grating structure is 20-30mm, the grating region 23 with the optical period change comprises two optical fiber fused tapering regions which are symmetrically arranged, each optical fiber fused tapering region comprises a cladding and a fiber core, the diameters of the cladding and the fiber core of each optical fiber fused tapering region are gradually thinned along the axial direction of the optical fiber to form a tapered structure, the diameter ratio of the cladding to the fiber core is kept constant, and the minimum outer diameter of the optical fiber fused tapering region is smaller than 50 mu m.
The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as the preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention and make various extensions and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for manufacturing a non-uniform Bragg fiber grating is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s100, carrying out hydrogen loading treatment on the hydrogen-loaded sensitization treated optical fiber under the high-pressure condition of 12-15 Mpa in a hydrogen-loaded reaction kettle;
s200, manufacturing a uniform Bragg fiber grating, namely, etching the Bragg fiber grating on the fiber subjected to the hydrogen-carrying sensitization treatment in the S100 by utilizing a fiber grating etching system with a phase mask plate to manufacture the uniform Bragg fiber grating;
s300, performing optical fiber tapering treatment on the prepared uniform Bragg optical fiber grating in an optical fiber tapering system to prepare a non-uniform Bragg optical fiber grating;
the manufactured non-uniform Bragg fiber grating comprises a grating area, a left bare leg and a right bare leg which are arranged at two ends of the grating area, wherein a cladding and a fiber core radius of the grating area form a structure with an optical period changing, and the effective refractive index of the grating area changes periodically along the axial direction.
2. A method for fabricating a non-uniform fiber bragg grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber tapering system comprises a computer (1), a hydrogen generator (2), a tapering machine (4) and a torch head (5), wherein the tapering machine (4) comprises a first vacuum suction groove clamp and a stretching table (41) and a second vacuum suction groove clamp and a stretching table (42) which are used for clamping an optical fiber, the first vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table (41) and the second vacuum suction groove clamp and the stretching table (42) control the stretching speed through a stretching control motor (61), and the torch head (5) controls the torch position and the torch size of the torch head (5) through a torch control motor (62);
step S300 is to perform the optical fiber tapering process using the optical fiber tapering system as follows:
opening a computer, starting the optical fiber tapering system, and fixing the two ends of the uniform optical fiber Bragg grating manufactured in the step S200 on a first vacuum groove suction clamp and stretching table (41) and a second vacuum groove suction clamp and stretching table (42);
and then opening the hydrogen generator (2) to ensure hydrogen flow, heating and melting the uniform fiber Bragg grating under oxyhydrogen flame, simultaneously stretching the uniform fiber Bragg grating to two sides at a certain speed by the first vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table (41) and the second vacuum suction groove clamp and stretching table (42), and finally forming a conical structure in a heating zone, namely finishing the manufacture of the non-uniform fiber Bragg grating.
3. A method for fabricating a non-uniform fiber bragg grating as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the drawing speed of the optical fiber tapering process in step S300 is 100 μm/S to 300 μm/S.
4. A method for fabricating a non-uniform fiber bragg grating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: when the optical fiber tapering system runs, the computer (1) controls by using a tapering system parameter setting program:
firstly, opening a computer to run a parameter setting program of a tapering system, clicking to determine when the displayed connection is successful;
secondly, entering parameter setting to set parameters of stretching speed, hydrogen flow and torch position, entering a working interface after the parameter setting is finished, and clicking an initialization torch head to automatically adjust to the set position;
then, opening a hydrogen generator, ensuring hydrogen flow, waiting for the hydrogen flow to reach a preset value, and simultaneously fixing uniform Bragg fiber gratings manufactured by a uniform phase mask plate on a first vacuum suction groove clamp and a stretching table (41) and a second vacuum suction groove clamp and a stretching table (42) of a tapering machine when the hydrogen flow reaches the preset value, wherein the optical fiber is placed in a position of placing a grid region between two stretching supports, and igniting the hydrogen by a lighter when the hydrogen flow reaches the preset value, and starting combustion of a torch head;
and finally, covering a protective cover of the cone drawing machine, clicking to operate, starting the cone drawing machine, stopping the cone drawing machine when the cone region is stretched to the target distance in length, closing a hydrogen flow switch, opening the protective cover of the cone drawing machine, and respectively opening the first vacuum suction groove clamp and the clamp of the stretching table (41) and the second vacuum suction groove clamp and the clamp of the stretching table (42) to obtain the chirped fiber grating.
5. A method for fabricating a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the hydrogen flow rate value of the hydrogen generator (2) is set to be 100sccm to 200 sccm.
6. A method for fabricating a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the optical fiber tapering system is any one of an oxyhydrogen flame method and a high-pressure discharge method.
7. A method for fabricating a non-uniform fiber Bragg grating as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and adjusting the position of the torch head to set the parameter Y of the distance from the central axis of the torch head to the center of the uniform fiber Bragg grating as 24.179 mm.
8. A method for fabricating a non-uniform fiber bragg grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fiber bragg grating writing system comprises a laser (7), a reflector (8), a diaphragm (9), a beam expander (10), a cylindrical mirror (11), a phase mask plate (12) and a fiber clamp (13), wherein the laser, the reflector (8), the diaphragm (9), the beam expander (10), the cylindrical mirror (11), the phase mask plate (12) and the fiber clamp (13) are sequentially arranged, the fiber clamp (14) is used for clamping an optical fiber (13), and the uniform bragg fiber bragg grating manufacturing:
and (2) turning on a laser and a laser pumping source, simultaneously turning on an optical power meter and zeroing, enabling a laser beam emitted by the laser to pass through a fiber grating writing system, presenting a linear light spot on a fiber core behind a phase mask plate (12), then etching the fiber grating, and etching the grating for 2-4 minutes, wherein the refractive index of the fiber core of the fiber is periodically modulated to form the uniform fiber Bragg grating.
9. A non-uniform fiber bragg grating structure (20), characterized by: the optical grating comprises a left naked leg (21) and a right naked leg (22) which are arranged at two ends, and a grating area (23) which is arranged between the left naked leg (21) and the right naked leg (22) and changes in optical period, wherein the cladding and the fiber core radius of the grating area (23) which changes in optical period form a structure which changes in optical period, and the effective refractive index of the grating area (23) which changes in optical period changes along the axial direction.
10. A non-uniform fiber bragg grating structure according to claim 9, wherein: the total length of the grating region (23) with the optical period change is 20-30mm, the grating region (23) with the optical period change comprises two optical fiber fused tapering regions which are symmetrically arranged, each optical fiber fused tapering region comprises a cladding and a fiber core, the diameters of the cladding and the fiber core of each optical fiber fused tapering region are tapered along the axial direction of the optical fiber to form a tapered structure, the ratio of the diameters of the cladding and the fiber core is kept constant, and the minimum outer diameter of the optical fiber fused tapering region is smaller than 50 mu m.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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