CN111552023A - Special-shaped core fiber grating preparation technology based on semi-circle phase compensation plate - Google Patents
Special-shaped core fiber grating preparation technology based on semi-circle phase compensation plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111552023A CN111552023A CN202010233211.5A CN202010233211A CN111552023A CN 111552023 A CN111552023 A CN 111552023A CN 202010233211 A CN202010233211 A CN 202010233211A CN 111552023 A CN111552023 A CN 111552023A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
- G02B6/02133—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference
- G02B6/02138—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference based on illuminating a phase mask
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for preparing a special-shaped core fiber grating based on a semicircular phase compensation plate. The system comprises an optical platform, an excimer laser, a reflector group, a diaphragm, a beam expanding lens group, a cylindrical lens, a phase mask plate, a phase compensation plate, an optical fiber clamp, an optical fiber V-shaped groove connector and a grating writing on-line monitoring system, wherein one side of the phase compensation plate is attached to the phase mask plate, and the other side of the phase compensation plate is provided with a concave semicircular groove for fixing an optical fiber to be written, and meanwhile, the light beam convergence effect caused by an optical fiber cladding curved surface structure can be eliminated. The invention can effectively improve the uniform distribution of the writing light beam in the cross section of the optical fiber and is suitable for grating writing of the special-shaped core optical fiber.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber grating preparation, in particular to a grating preparation technology suitable for a special-shaped core fiber.
(II) background of the invention
The optical fiber grating refers to a grating structure formed by constructing a periodic variation of refractive index on an optical fiber core by a certain technical means. The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) engraved on a single-mode fiber is the most mature fiber bragg grating currently studied, and the fiber bragg grating has excellent optical narrow-band filtering characteristics and sensing characteristics and has wide application in the fields of photoelectron and fiber sensing. In recent years, in order to meet the requirements of communication and sensing, many special optical fibers are designed and manufactured, such as few-mode optical fibers, multi-core optical fibers, ring-core optical fibers, multi-clad optical fibers, and the like, and research on grating characteristics of the special optical fibers is also increasing year by year, for example: wei Ying (Wei Ying, Focus Star, Experimental study of sensing characteristics of polarization maintaining fiber Bragg grating [ J ] Infrared and laser engineering, 2008 (37): 107-; bervek (bervek. novel fiber bragg grating vector strain sensor research [ D ]. northwest university, 2018.) studies to write FBGs on multi-clad fibers and realize vector strain measurement; research on the FBG inscription technology of the multi-core fiber is carried out by Lindley (Lindley E, MIN S-S, LEON-SAVAL S, et al. Demonstroration of unicomplex fiber Bragg gratings [ J ]. Optics Express,2014,22(25):31575.), and the FBG can be used for inhibiting noise signals in space exploration and has very important application prospect in the field of celestial photonics.
The phase mask method is a widely used fiber grating writing method at present, and generally, the method uses ultraviolet light to irradiate the phase mask plate to form diffraction fringes and utilizes the side surfaces of the diffraction fringes of +/-1 order to expose photosensitive fibers to prepare the FBG. The method greatly reduces the requirement on the coherence of the light source, and the Bragg wavelength of the prepared FBG only depends on the fringe period of the phase mask plate, thereby reducing the difficulty of the grating preparation process. The phase mask plate method based on the ultraviolet laser is used as the most commonly adopted FBG preparation method, and lays a foundation for the practicability and industrialization of FBGs.
The phase mask method based on ultraviolet laser is also tried to be used for grating writing of special optical fibers, but because the structure of the special optical fibers is greatly different from that of single-mode optical fibers, part of the special optical fibers belong to special-shaped core optical fibers, namely waveguide fiber cores of the special optical fibers are not positioned in the center of the optical fibers, but distributed in the whole optical fiber interface. Therefore, when the phase mask plate is adopted to prepare the fiber grating, due to the cylindrical lens effect of the fiber, the +/-1-order diffracted beams emitted from the mask plate are difficult to form uniform light intensity distribution on the whole cross section of the fiber, so that the fiber grating with high quality is difficult to prepare.
To solve the above problems, two methods are currently available:
(1) an improved process is proposed in the literature (LINDLEY E, MIN S-S, LEON-SAVAL S, et al. Demonstroration of unidentified nuclear fiber gratings [ J ]. Optics Express,2014,22(25): 31575.): selecting a section of quartz capillary with proper size, polishing one side of the capillary after polishing the capillary to a certain thickness, inserting the optical fiber to be inscribed into the capillary, and irradiating the diffracted light beam of the phase mask plate from the side polished surface of the capillary to eliminate the cylindrical lens effect of the optical fiber.
(2) The patent (grant No. CN 106249348B) proposes an apodized fiber grating writing method, which suggests to rotate the fiber to be written while writing the grating, eliminating the asymmetry of the light-sensitive refractive index modulation due to the large core diameter.
In the method (1), the process of side polishing the quartz capillary is complex, the processing time is long, the inner diameter of the capillary is inevitably larger than the diameter of the optical fiber in order to insert the optical fiber into the capillary, and the air filled between the capillary and the optical fiber still influences the writing result; in the method (2), the fiber to be inscribed is rotated while the FBG is inscribed, and the inscription effect of the FBG can be influenced by slight asymmetry of the light path or slight vibration of the rotating motor.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention aims to provide a technology for preparing a special-shaped core fiber grating based on a semicircular phase compensation plate. The technology can uniformly write the distribution of the light beams in the optical fiber, thereby improving the grating writing quality.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a grating preparation system suitable for special-shaped core optical fibers, which consists of an optical platform, an excimer laser, a reflector group, a diaphragm, a beam expanding group, a cylindrical lens, a phase mask plate, a phase compensation plate, an optical fiber clamp, an optical fiber V-shaped groove connector and a grating writing online monitoring system, wherein the reflector group is arranged on the optical platform and is used for adjusting the height and the position of a light beam output by the excimer laser, the diaphragm, the beam expanding group, the cylindrical lens, the phase mask plate and the phase compensation plate are sequentially arranged on the optical platform along the direction of the light beam output by the reflector group, one surface of the phase compensation plate is provided with a concave semicircular groove for fixing an optical fiber to be written, the other surface of the phase compensation plate is attached to the phase mask plate, the optical fiber clamp is used for fixing the optical fiber to be written, the grating writing online monitoring system consists of a wide-spectrum light source, the real-time monitoring of the transmission spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the optical fiber to be inscribed can be realized in the inscribing process.
The length and the width of the phase compensation plate are equal to those of the phase mask plate, the thickness of the phase compensation plate is between 100 and 200 micrometers, the phase compensation plate must be larger than the cladding radius of the optical fiber to be etched, the phase compensation plate is made of quartz glass, has high transmissivity in an ultraviolet light wave band for etching, can transmit diffracted light beams generated by the phase mask plate to the optical fiber to be etched without loss, and can protect the phase mask plate from being polluted by the optical fiber to be etched.
One surface of the phase compensation plate is engraved with a concave semicircular groove, the groove direction is consistent with the period direction of the phase mask grid, the groove width is equal to the diameter of the cladding of the optical fiber to be engraved, and the groove depth is equal to the radius of the cladding of the optical fiber to be engraved.
In the phase compensation plate, one surface, on which the concave semicircular groove is not etched, is attached to the phase mask plate.
The bottom of the optical fiber clamp is fixed with the optical platform through the displacement table, and the optical fiber clamp is arranged on two sides of the phase compensation plate and used for fixing the optical fiber to be etched and adjusting the position of the optical fiber to be etched.
In the grating inscription on-line monitoring system, the output end of the wide-spectrum light source is connected with the port 1 of the optical fiber circulator, the port 3 of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the port 1 of the optical switch, the output port of the optical switch is connected with the input end of the spectrometer, the connection adopts the optical fiber jumper, the port 2 of the circulator is used as the output/reflection input end of the optical fiber inscription monitoring system, and the port 2 of the optical switch is used as the transmission input end of the grating inscription monitoring system.
The invention discloses a grating preparation method suitable for a special-shaped core optical fiber, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting the frequency and energy parameters of an excimer laser, and adjusting the positions of a phase mask plate and a phase compensation plate to focus writing light beams in a concave semicircular groove of the phase compensation plate;
step 2: stripping an optical fiber coating layer of an area to be engraved on the optical fiber to be engraved, wherein the stripping length is greater than the length of the concave semicircular groove of the phase compensation plate, wiping the optical fiber coating layer with alcohol, slightly applying force to two ends of the optical fiber, straightening the optical fiber, fixing the optical fiber coating layer in an optical fiber clamp, and adjusting the position of the optical fiber clamp to enable the optical fiber to be engraved to enter the concave semicircular groove and be attached to the concave semicircular groove at one side close to the phase compensation plate;
and step 3: respectively connecting two ends of an optical fiber to be inscribed into a grating inscription online monitoring system through optical fiber V-shaped groove connectors;
and 4, step 4: starting the output of the excimer laser, starting the grating writing online monitoring system, monitoring the reflection spectrum and the transmission spectrum of the optical fiber to be written respectively by controlling the optical switch, stopping the output of the excimer laser when the writing optical fiber meets the grating writing requirement, and closing the grating writing online monitoring system;
and 5: and opening the optical fiber V-shaped connector, disconnecting the optical fiber which is completed with the writing from the grating writing on-line monitoring system, opening the optical fiber clamp, taking out the optical fiber, and completing the grating preparation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the concave semicircular groove of the phase compensation plate can improve the convergence effect of the light beam after entering the optical fiber, so that the distribution of the writing light in the cross section of the optical fiber is wider, and the light intensity distribution is more uniform;
(2) the concave semi-circular groove of the phase compensation plate can pass the existing CO2The laser processing system is manufactured, the manufacturing time is short, and the processing precision is guaranteed;
(3) the operation steps of the writing process are simple, the grating can be quickly written, and the consistency of the grating is guaranteed.
(IV) description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial fiber type to which the present invention is applicable: (a) a single-mode optical fiber structure schematic diagram, (b) a multimode optical fiber structure schematic diagram, (c) a ring core optical fiber structure schematic diagram, and (d) a multi-core optical fiber structure schematic diagram;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a phase compensation plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an on-line monitoring system for grating writing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the spatial positions of a phase mask, a phase compensation plate, an optical fiber clamp and an optical fiber to be written
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-excimer laser, a 2-reflector group, a 3-diaphragm, a 4-beam expander group, a 5-cylindrical lens, a 6-phase mask plate, a 7-phase compensation plate, an 8-grating inscription online monitoring system, a 9-optical fiber to be inscribed, a 10-optical fiber clamp, an 11-optical fiber V-shaped groove connector, a 12-inscription light beam, a 100-optical platform, an 801-wide spectrum light source, an 802-spectrometer, a 803-optical fiber circulator, an 804-1 × 2 optical switch, a 805-output/reflection input end and a 806-transmission input end.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention provides a technology for preparing a special-shaped core fiber grating based on a semicircular phase compensation plate, and fig. 2 lists optical fibers applicable to the invention, and the technology can be used for preparing the grating of the special-shaped core fiber and the grating of common single-mode and multimode fibers. The choice of optical fiber has no effect on the manufacturing apparatus and method of the present invention, and thus the specific fiber type is not specified in the following examples.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for manufacturing a special-shaped core fiber grating based on a semicircular phase compensation plate of the present invention includes an optical platform 100, an excimer laser 1, a mirror group 2, a diaphragm 3, a beam expanding mirror group 4, a cylindrical lens 5, a phase mask 6, a phase compensation plate 7, a fiber clamp 10, a fiber V-groove connector, and a fiber writing online monitoring system 8, wherein the mirror group 2 is installed on the optical platform 100 for adjusting the position and height of the output beam of the excimer laser, and the diaphragm 3, the beam expanding mirror group 5, the cylindrical lens 5, the phase mask 6, and the phase compensation plate 7 are sequentially arranged on the optical platform 100 along the direction of the output beam of the mirror group 2.
The phase compensation plate 7 is made of quartz, the length and width of the phase compensation plate are equal to those of the phase mask plate 6, the thickness of the phase compensation plate is 100-200 micrometers, and the thickness of the phase compensation plate needs to be larger than the cladding radius of the optical fiber 9 to be etched, as shown in fig. 3, a concave semicircular groove is etched on one surface of the phase compensation plate 7, the groove direction is consistent with the grid period direction of the phase mask plate 6, the groove width is equal to the cladding diameter of the optical fiber 9 to be etched, and the groove depth is equal to the cladding radius of the optical fiber 9 to.
As shown in fig. 5, the phase mask plate 6 is attached to the non-grooved surface of the phase compensation plate 7, and the optical fiber clamps 10 are disposed on two sides of the phase compensation plate 7 for fixing the optical fiber 9 to be written.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a special-shaped core fiber grating based on a semicircular phase compensation plate, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, parameter adjustment: setting the frequency and energy parameters of an excimer laser, and adjusting the positions of a phase mask plate and a phase compensation plate to focus writing light beams in a concave semicircular groove of the phase compensation plate;
step 3, accessing an optical fiber: two ends of an optical fiber to be etched are respectively connected with an output/reflection input end and a transmission input end of the grating etching online monitoring system through optical fiber V-shaped groove connectors;
step 4, writing a grating: starting the output of the excimer laser, starting the grating writing online monitoring system, monitoring the reflection spectrum and the transmission spectrum of the optical fiber to be written respectively by controlling the optical switch, stopping the output of the excimer laser when the writing optical fiber meets the grating writing requirement, and closing the grating writing online monitoring system;
and 5, finishing preparation: and opening the optical fiber V-shaped connector, disconnecting the optical fiber which is completed with the writing from the grating writing on-line monitoring system, opening the optical fiber clamp, taking out the optical fiber, and completing the grating preparation.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a special-shaped core fiber grating preparation system based on semicircle phase compensation board which characterized by: write online monitoring system including optical platform, excimer laser, speculum group, diaphragm, beam expanding mirror group, cylindrical lens, phase mask plate, phase compensation board, fiber clamp, optic fibre V-arrangement groove connector and grating inscription, the speculum group is installed and is used for adjusting height and the position of excimer laser output light beam on optical platform, diaphragm, beam expanding mirror group, cylindrical lens, phase mask plate, phase compensation board are arranged on optical platform along speculum group outgoing beam direction in proper order, the phase compensation board has the spill half slot to be used for fixed waiting to write the optic fibre, phase mask plate and phase compensation board not inscription groove simultaneously laminate, grating inscription online monitoring system comprises wide spectrum light source, spectrum appearance, optical fiber circulator, 1X 2 photoswitch.
2. The phase compensating plate of claim 1, wherein: the length and width of the phase mask plate are equal to those of the phase mask plate, the thickness of the phase mask plate is between 100 and 200 micrometers, the phase mask plate is larger than the cladding radius of the optical fiber to be engraved, the material is quartz glass, the ultraviolet light wave band for engraving has high transmittance, diffraction light beams generated by the phase mask plate can be transmitted to the optical fiber to be engraved without loss, and meanwhile the phase mask plate is protected from being polluted by the optical fiber to be engraved.
3. The phase compensating plate of claim 1, wherein: one surface is engraved with a concave semicircular groove, the direction of the groove is consistent with the periodic direction of the phase mask grid, the width of the groove is equal to the diameter of the cladding of the optical fiber to be engraved, and the depth of the groove is equal to the radius of the cladding of the optical fiber to be engraved.
4. The fiber clamp of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the optical fiber is fixed with the optical platform through a displacement table, and the optical fiber is arranged on two sides of the phase compensation plate and used for adjusting and fixing the position of the optical fiber to be inscribed.
5. A method for preparing a special-shaped core fiber grating based on a semicircular phase compensation plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: setting the frequency and energy parameters of an excimer laser, and adjusting the positions of a phase mask plate and a phase compensation plate to focus writing light beams in a concave semicircular groove of the phase compensation plate;
step 2: stripping a coating layer of an area to be engraved on the optical fiber to be engraved, wherein the stripping length is greater than the length of the concave semicircular groove of the phase compensation plate, wiping the coating layer with alcohol, slightly applying force to two ends of the optical fiber, straightening the two ends of the optical fiber, fixing the optical fiber in an optical fiber clamp, and adjusting the position of the optical fiber clamp to enable one surface, close to the phase compensation plate, of the optical fiber to be engraved to enter the concave semicircular groove and be attached to the concave semicircular groove;
and step 3: two ends of an optical fiber to be engraved are connected into the grating engraving on-line monitoring system through an optical fiber V-shaped groove connector;
and 4, step 4: starting the output of the excimer laser, starting the grating writing online monitoring system, monitoring the reflection spectrum and the transmission spectrum of the optical fiber to be written respectively by controlling the optical switch, stopping the output of the excimer laser when the writing optical fiber meets the grating writing requirement, and closing the grating writing online monitoring system;
and 5: and opening the optical fiber V-shaped connector, disconnecting the optical fiber which is completed with the writing from the grating writing on-line monitoring system, opening the optical fiber clamp, taking out the optical fiber, and completing the grating preparation.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112596149A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-04-02 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Multi-core fiber grating array inscribing system |
| CN113671621A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Linear movable fiber grating continuous writing system and method |
| CN114137654A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-04 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Grating preparation method and grating preparation monitoring system for annular waveguide fiber |
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| CN114137654A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-04 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Grating preparation method and grating preparation monitoring system for annular waveguide fiber |
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| CN111552023B (en) | 2022-10-25 |
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Application publication date: 20200818 Assignee: Aifeibo (Ningbo) Optoelectronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2023980045807 Denomination of invention: Preparation System and Method of Irregular Core Fiber Bragg Grating Based on Half Circle Phase Compensation Plate Granted publication date: 20221025 License type: Common License Record date: 20231105 |