CN111548113A - Preparation method of high-performance environment-friendly gypsum - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-performance environment-friendly gypsum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111548113A CN111548113A CN202010279302.2A CN202010279302A CN111548113A CN 111548113 A CN111548113 A CN 111548113A CN 202010279302 A CN202010279302 A CN 202010279302A CN 111548113 A CN111548113 A CN 111548113A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/16—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00508—Cement paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-performance environment-friendly gypsum. The plastering gypsum produced by the traditional process often has the problems of large field pollution and more consumable materials during wall construction. Firstly feeding the vitrified micro bubbles, then simultaneously feeding industrial aluminum sulfate, industrial potassium sulfate and cellulose, pre-mixing the calcium powder in a mixer for 2-3 minutes after feeding the calcium powder, finally simultaneously feeding the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand and the cement, and mixing and stirring the raw materials and the auxiliary materials in the mixer for 7 minutes; the invention limits the plant boundary according to the condition that the equivalent sound level contribution value generated by the point sound source at the predicted point needs to meet the limit value of environmental noise emission standard of the factory boundary of industrial enterprises in daytime and nighttime, and simultaneously comprehensively considers the limit of the sanitary protection distance to the plant boundary and takes the smaller value of the two. The waste gas can reach the emission standard, the waste gas and the noise both meet the requirement of a total amount control index, the influence on the surrounding environment is small, and the existing environmental function of the area cannot be changed; no pollutants such as wastewater and solid waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gypsum preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of high-performance environment-friendly gypsum.
Background
The plastering gypsum has the characteristics of high technical content, high added value, high environmental protection, low energy consumption and good adaptability. The production process has no three wastes discharged, can realize green production, and is the key development direction of the current building material industry. The plastering gypsum is widely applied to house construction and house plastering, is nontoxic and pollution-free, can gradually replace the traditional dry powder mortar plastering, has obvious technical, economic and social benefits and huge market demand. The plastering gypsum is the technical guarantee for realizing green HPC for house interior decoration, and has obvious economic, technical and social benefits because the plastering speed and the house decoration plastering speed are obviously improved, the efficiency and the quality are enhanced, the durability of a wall body is improved, the construction energy consumption is greatly saved, and the like. At present, the demand for house decoration increases year by year. The data show that the product produces ten thousand tons every year in China at present, the project consumption is more than ten thousand tons, the demand is rapidly increased year by year, the market gap is very large, and the product has wide market potential.
In the production process of the plastering gypsum, the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand and the cement are firstly added into the mixer, and then other component materials are added, so the operation has the defects that: once metering or timing errors occur, the influence on the proportion of other component materials is large, the later adding mode of other component materials also easily causes uneven mixing, the long-time mixing can influence the production efficiency, and particularly for the production of plastering gypsum containing vitrified micro bubbles, the later adding of the vitrified micro bubbles can cause the vitrified micro bubbles to be damaged (smashed). Therefore, the wall plastering gypsum produced by the traditional process often has the problems of large field pollution and more consumable materials during wall construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of high-performance environment-friendly gypsum aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1. storing the raw materials and the auxiliary materials;
the purchased anhydrous gypsum is weighed by a scale and then is put into an anhydrous gypsum warehouse, the purchased yellow sand and cement are respectively put into a yellow sand warehouse and a cement warehouse, the purchased vitrified micro bubbles are weighed by the scale and then are put into a vitrified micro bubble warehouse, the purchased industrial aluminum sulfate is weighed by the scale and then is put into an industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, the purchased industrial potassium sulfate is weighed by the scale and then is put into an industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, the purchased cellulose is weighed by the scale and then is put into a cellulose warehouse, and the purchased calcium powder is weighed by the scale and then is put into a calcium powder warehouse. The anhydrous gypsum warehouse, the yellow sand warehouse, the cement warehouse, the vitrified micro-bead warehouse, the industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, the industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, the cellulose warehouse and the calcium powder warehouse are all provided with a cloth bag dust removal system.
If the purchased anhydrous gypsum is blocky, conveying the blocky anhydrous gypsum to a gypsum modification machine for crushing through a screw conveyor in an anhydrous gypsum warehouse; conveying the crushed anhydrous gypsum to an European board grinder through a belt transmission mechanism for grinding to form powdery anhydrous gypsum; the belt transmission mechanism is provided with an outer cover. A bag-type dust removal system is arranged at the gypsum modification machine to collect dust generated in the crushing process; and a cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at the position of the European plate mill to collect dust generated in the milling process.
2. Feeding of raw and auxiliary materials
The method comprises the steps of conveying powdered anhydrous gypsum in an anhydrous gypsum library, yellow sand in a yellow sand library, cement in a cement library, vitrified micro bubbles in a vitrified micro bubble library, industrial aluminum sulfate in an industrial aluminum sulfate library, industrial potassium sulfate in an industrial potassium sulfate library, cellulose in a cellulose library and calcium powder in a calcium powder library to a corresponding belt transmission mechanism through a screw conveyor respectively, conveying the products to a production workshop through the belt transmission mechanism, and then lifting the products in the production workshop through a lifter respectively to convey the products into an anhydrous gypsum tank, a yellow sand tank, a cement tank, a vitrified micro bubble tank, an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, an industrial potassium sulfate tank, a cellulose tank and a calcium powder tank. The elevator is provided with an outer cover for sealing; the feed inlets of the anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank, the cement tank, the vitrified micro-bead tank, the industrial aluminum sulfate tank, the industrial potassium sulfate tank, the cellulose tank and the calcium powder tank are all provided with a cloth bag dust removal system.
If the bottom layer plastering gypsum is produced, the yellow sand is dried by a dryer before entering the yellow sand tank. And a cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at a feed inlet of the dryer.
3. The raw materials and the auxiliary materials are measured and mixed according to the mass part ratio
The anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank, the cement tank, the vitrified micro bubbles tank, the industrial aluminum sulfate tank, the industrial potassium sulfate tank, the cellulose tank and the calcium powder tank are all fed by a quantitative feeder at the bottom, and the feeding amount is measured by an automatic weighing scale at the bottom; the controller controls the feeding amount and the feeding sequence of each quantitative feeder, and each dynamic scale transmits a metering signal to the controller; feeding anhydrous gypsum in an anhydrous gypsum tank, yellow sand in a yellow sand tank, cement in a cement tank, vitrified micro bubbles in a vitrified micro bubble tank, industrial aluminum sulfate in an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, industrial potassium sulfate in an industrial potassium sulfate tank, cellulose in a cellulose tank and calcium powder in a calcium powder tank according to a mass part ratio, and respectively conveying the materials into a mixer through a spiral conveyor with an outer cover; firstly feeding the vitrified micro bubbles, then simultaneously feeding industrial aluminum sulfate, industrial potassium sulfate and cellulose, pre-mixing the calcium powder in a mixer for 2-3 minutes after feeding the calcium powder, finally simultaneously feeding the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand and the cement, and mixing and stirring the raw materials and the auxiliary materials in the mixer for 7 minutes; a cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at a feed inlet of the mixer to collect dust generated in the mixing process; and outputting the mixed finished product.
When preparing the bottom layer plastering gypsum, the mass parts of the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder are as follows: 2.05, 0.1, 0.65, 0.25, 0.075, 0.1; when preparing the light bottom layer plastering gypsum, the mass parts of the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder are as follows: 6.15, 0, 1.95, 1.05, 0.225, 0.3 or 6.15, 0.3, 1.95, 0.75, 0.225, 0.3.
4. Product sampling inspection
And (3) performing spot inspection on the mixed finished product, wherein the detection steps are as follows: adding water into a detection sample for stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the detection sample to the water is 2:0.1, detecting the fluidity and the setting time, and detecting the 3d strength after forming, wherein the 3d strength comprises 3d compressive strength and 3d flexural strength. The fluidity of the mixture was 165mm or more after the completion of stirring, and the water retention rate, the setting time and the 3d strength after molding were qualified as shown in the following table. And (4) drying the detected solid mixture of the detection sample, and returning the dried solid mixture to the mixer for use.
5. Packaging or bulk
Performing bulk packaging or bagging packaging on the finished products qualified by the spot check, wherein the bulk packaging process is to load the finished products into a tank car; the packaging machine is used for bagging and packaging. A feed port of the packaging machine is provided with a bag-type dust removal system for collecting dust generated in the bag-forming packaging process. When finished products are packaged in bags, the packaged finished products are conveyed to a stacker, and the stacker stacks the packaged finished products and places the stacked finished products into a warehouse.
6. Exhaust gas treatment
The dust in the anhydrous gypsum warehouse, the yellow sand warehouse, the cement warehouse, the vitrified micro bubble warehouse, the industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, the industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, the cellulose warehouse, the calcium powder warehouse, the production workshop and the stacking finished product warehouse is directly discharged out through an exhaust funnel respectively, and the exhaust funnel is connected with a fan.
Furthermore, the bag-type dust removal system collects dust generated in the discharging process through a fan, and the dust collected by the fan enters the bag through a pipeline.
Further, the height of the anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank and the cement tank is 20 m.
Furthermore, the vitrified micro bubbles are made of silicon dioxide, cellulose is made of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and calcium carbonate is used as calcium powder.
Furthermore, when the finished product is packaged in bags, the finished product is packaged into 25kg of bags.
Further, 2 sets of automatic spraying devices are installed in the warehouse, and each device is provided with 2 spray heads for settling dust generated by stacking; water used for product sampling inspection and water mist sprayed by an automatic spraying device are both discharged through evaporation; and (4) putting the dust settled by the automatic spraying device into a mixer for recycling.
Further, the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder collected by the cloth bag dust removal systems are respectively put into an anhydrous gypsum tank, a yellow sand tank, a cement tank, a vitrified micro bubbles tank, an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, an industrial potassium sulfate tank, a cellulose tank and a calcium powder tank for recycling, and the dust collected by the cloth bag dust removal systems in the mixing process is put into a mixer for recycling.
Furthermore, the process of waste gas treatment also comprises the step of controlling the dust generated by the running of vehicles for transporting raw materials, auxiliary materials or finished products, and the control measure is to regularly spray the ground in the plant area. In the case of dry roads, the dust emission Q per kilometer of the vehicle is calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝0.123(V/5)(W/6.8)0.85(P/0.5)0.75
in the formula, V is the running speed of the vehicle and is in km/h; w is the vehicle load capacity, unit ton; p is the amount of dust on the surface of the road in kg/m 3.
Further, the plant boundary is limited according to the sanitary protection distance L between the production unit which discharges the waste gas and the residential area, and the calculation formula of L is as follows:
in the formula, CmIs a primary value of concentration limit standard in mg/m3；QcIs made wasteThe unit of the gas discharge amount is kg/h; r is the equivalent radius of the production unit where the unorganized waste gas emission source is located, the unit is m, and r is (S/pi) calculated according to the floor area S of the production unit0.5(ii) a The sanitation protection distance calculation coefficient A, B, C, D is selected according to the regulation of technical method for establishing local atmospheric pollutant emission standard (GB/T13201-1991).
Further, the following measures are adopted to prevent and control noise: the walls of an anhydrous gypsum warehouse, a yellow sand warehouse, a cement warehouse, a vitrified micro bubble warehouse, an industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, an industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, a cellulose warehouse, a calcium powder warehouse and a production workshop all adopt heat-insulating sound-absorbing materials, and the noise reduction is more than 15dB (A); all fans are provided with sound insulation covers, and noise reduction is achieved by more than 15dB (A); thirdly, damping bases are arranged on the fan, the spiral conveyor, the European board grinder, the gypsum reshaping machine, the hoister, the dryer, the mixer, the discharger and the packing machine, and the noise is reduced by more than 10dB (A); fourthly, greening the factory.
According to the equivalent sound level contribution value L generated by the point sound source i at the predicted pointeqgThe factory boundary is limited by meeting the 3-class standard of environmental noise emission standard of the factory boundary of industrial enterprises (GB12348-2008), and the limit of the sanitary protection distance to the factory boundary is comprehensively considered, and the smaller value of the two limits to the fixed value of the factory boundary is taken.
Equivalent sound level contribution value L generated by point sound source i at predicted pointeqgThe calculation is as follows:
in the formula, LAiThe sound level A generated by the point sound source i at the predicted point is in dB (A); t is prediction time and unit s; t is tiIs the running time of the point sound source i within the predicted time T, in units of s. The point sound source is a point on a fan, a screw conveyor, an Oldham grinder, a gypsum modifying machine, a lifter, a dryer, a mixer, a discharger or a packaging machine.
The point sound source i is at a distance r1The a sound level generated at the predicted point of (3) is calculated as follows:
LAi＝LAW-20lgr1-8
in the formula, LAWThe sound power level A of the point sound source i is dB (A);
the predicted equivalent sound level for the predicted point is calculated as:
Leq＝10lg(100.1Leqg+100.1Leqb)
in the formula, LeqbThe background value for the predicted point is given in dB (A).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. firstly, adding vitrified micro bubbles; the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder are small in doping amount, so that timing errors are reduced, timing accuracy is guaranteed, vitrified micro beads are damaged (smashed) as little as possible during premixing, the vitrified micro beads are arranged and added after the vitrified micro beads, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose, the calcium powder and the micro beads are pre-mixed, and therefore the vitrified micro beads, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder can be uniformly mixed and production efficiency is improved.
2. The waste gas can reach the emission standard, the waste gas and the noise both meet the requirement of a total amount control index, the influence on the surrounding environment is small, and the existing environmental function of the area cannot be changed; no pollutants such as wastewater and solid waste.
3. According to the invention, after the waste gas and noise precautionary measures are adopted and the factory boundary is limited through scientific accounting, the environmental risk is effectively controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a preparation method of high-performance environment-friendly gypsum, which is characterized in that two production lines for producing two products of bottom layer plastering gypsum and light bottom layer plastering gypsum are arranged, raw material and auxiliary material storage, raw material and auxiliary material feeding, gypsum modification (crushing) and grinding process share equipment in the two production lines, and after gypsum grinding enters a production workshop, the production workshop is divided into a No. 1 line and a No. 2 line. The production equipment is automatic integrated closed equipment, and manual feeding is not needed. The modification and grinding processes are carried out in a raw material warehouse, and the feeding, drying, metering, mixing, finished product sampling inspection, packaging or bulk loading and stacking are all carried out in a production workshop. The No. 1 line is used for producing bottom layer plastering gypsum, the raw materials comprise yellow sand, and the yellow sand needs to be dried for use.
As shown in figure 1, the preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum disclosed by the invention comprises the following specific steps of:
1. storing the raw materials and the auxiliary materials;
when producing the light bottom layer plastering gypsum, the raw materials consist of anhydrous gypsum, cement and vitrified micro bubbles, or consist of anhydrous gypsum, yellow sand, cement and vitrified micro bubbles; when producing the bottom layer plastering gypsum, the raw materials consist of anhydrous gypsum, yellow sand, cement and vitrified micro bubbles; the auxiliary materials comprise industrial aluminum sulfate (aluminum sulfate product with model number ZBDZ-W09 of Zibo popular edible chemical industry Co., Ltd.), industrial potassium sulfate (industrial first-grade potassium sulfate product with model number 00-503 of Zhengzhou Huayan chemical industry Co., Ltd.), cellulose and calcium powder; the vitrified micro bubbles adopt silicon dioxide; the cellulose is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; the calcium powder is calcium carbonate; the physicochemical properties and toxicology of anhydrite, cement, vitrified micro bubbles, industrial aluminum sulfate, industrial potassium sulfate, cellulose and calcium powder are now listed in table 1.
TABLE 1
The emission of the dust of each component must meet the national standard, and in the subsequent steps, the invention adopts various measures to strictly control the emission of the dust of each component.
The purchased anhydrous gypsum is weighed by a scale and then is put into an anhydrous gypsum warehouse, the purchased yellow sand and cement are respectively put into a yellow sand warehouse and a cement warehouse, the purchased vitrified micro bubbles are weighed by the scale and then are put into a vitrified micro bubble warehouse, the purchased industrial aluminum sulfate is weighed by the scale and then is put into an industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, the purchased industrial potassium sulfate is weighed by the scale and then is put into an industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, the purchased cellulose is weighed by the scale and then is put into a cellulose warehouse, and the purchased calcium powder is weighed by the scale and then is put into a calcium powder warehouse.
The anhydrous gypsum warehouse, the yellow sand warehouse, the cement warehouse, the vitrified micro bubble warehouse, the industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, the industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, the cellulose warehouse and the calcium powder warehouse are all provided with cloth bag dust removal systems, the cloth bag dust removal systems collect dust generated in the unloading process through fans, and the dust collected by the fans enters the cloth bags through pipelines.
If the purchased anhydrous gypsum is blocky, conveying the blocky anhydrous gypsum to a gypsum modification machine for crushing through a screw conveyor in an anhydrous gypsum warehouse; conveying the crushed anhydrous gypsum to an European board grinder through a belt transmission mechanism for grinding to form powdery anhydrous gypsum with the particle size of less than 1 mm; the belt transmission mechanism is provided with an outer cover, and the transmission process is totally closed. A cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at the crushing position to collect dust generated in the crushing process; the position of the milling powder is provided with a cloth bag dust removal system for collecting dust generated in the milling process.
2. Feeding of raw and auxiliary materials
The method comprises the steps of conveying powdered anhydrous gypsum in an anhydrous gypsum library, yellow sand in a yellow sand library, cement in a cement library, vitrified micro bubbles in a vitrified micro bubble library, industrial aluminum sulfate in an industrial aluminum sulfate library, industrial potassium sulfate in an industrial potassium sulfate library, cellulose in a cellulose library and calcium powder in a calcium powder library to a corresponding belt transmission mechanism through a screw conveyor respectively, conveying the products to a production workshop through the belt transmission mechanism, and then lifting the products in the production workshop through a lifter respectively to convey the products into an anhydrous gypsum tank, a yellow sand tank, a cement tank, a vitrified micro bubble tank, an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, an industrial potassium sulfate tank, a cellulose tank and a calcium powder tank. The elevator is provided with an outer cover for sealing; the feed inlets of the anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank, the cement tank, the vitrified micro-bead tank, the industrial aluminum sulfate tank, the industrial potassium sulfate tank, the cellulose tank and the calcium powder tank are all provided with a cloth bag dust removal system; the height of the anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank and the cement tank is 20 m.
If the bottom layer plastering gypsum is produced, the yellow sand is dried by a dryer before entering the yellow sand tank, and the dryer adopts electric heating. The feed inlet of the drying machine is provided with a cloth bag dust removal system.
3. The raw materials and the auxiliary materials are measured and mixed according to the mass part ratio
The anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank, the cement tank, the vitrified micro bubbles tank, the industrial aluminum sulfate tank, the industrial potassium sulfate tank, the cellulose tank and the calcium powder tank are all fed by a quantitative feeder at the bottom, and the feeding amount is measured by an automatic weighing scale at the bottom; the controller controls the feeding amount and the feeding sequence of each quantitative feeder, and each dynamic scale transmits a metering signal to the controller; feeding anhydrous gypsum in an anhydrous gypsum tank, yellow sand in a yellow sand tank, cement in a cement tank, vitrified micro bubbles in a vitrified micro bubble tank, industrial aluminum sulfate in an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, industrial potassium sulfate in an industrial potassium sulfate tank, cellulose in a cellulose tank and calcium powder in a calcium powder tank according to a mass part ratio, and respectively conveying the materials into a mixer through a screw conveyor (provided with an outer cover, and the conveying process is totally closed); firstly feeding the vitrified micro bubbles, then simultaneously feeding industrial aluminum sulfate, industrial potassium sulfate and cellulose, pre-mixing the calcium powder in a mixer for 2-3 minutes after feeding the calcium powder, finally simultaneously feeding the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand and the cement, and fully mixing and stirring the raw materials and the auxiliary materials in the mixer for 7 minutes; the mixing process is totally sealed, and a cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at a feed inlet of the mixer to collect dust generated in the mixing process; and outputting the mixed finished product. For the description of the order of the ingredients fed: the vitrified micro bubbles have small specific gravity and light weight, and are firstly added for reducing the metering error, ensuring the metering accuracy and ensuring the stable quality; the blending amount of the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder is small, so that the timing error is reduced, the timing is accurate, the vitrified micro bubbles are damaged (smashed) as little as possible during premixing, the vitrified micro bubbles are added after the vitrified micro bubbles are arranged, and the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose, the calcium powder and the micro bubbles are considered to be premixed together; if industrial aluminum sulfate, industrial potassium sulfate, cellulose and calcium powder are added at last, the materials are not easy to be uniformly mixed, and the production efficiency is affected after long-time mixing. The invention considers that each automatic metering scale may have metering or timing error under certain condition, and changes the adding sequence of each component in order to reduce the error as much as possible.
When preparing the bottom layer plastering gypsum, the mass parts of the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder are as follows: 2.05, 0.1, 0.65, 0.25, 0.075, 0.1; when preparing the light bottom layer plastering gypsum, the mass parts of the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder are as follows: 6.15, 0, 1.95, 1.05, 0.225, 0.3 or 6.15, 0.3, 1.95, 0.75, 0.225, 0.3.
4. Product sampling inspection
For the mixed finished product, every 100 tons is taken as a batch to be subjected to sampling inspection for 2000 times, the weight of a detected sample is 2kg, and 0.1 liter of water is used for each detection. The detection steps are as follows: adding water into a detection sample for stirring, detecting the fluidity and the setting time, and carrying out 3d strength detection after forming, wherein the 3d strength comprises 3d compressive strength and 3d flexural strength. The fluidity of the mixture was 165mm or more after the completion of stirring, and the water retention rate, the setting time and the 3d strength after molding were standardized as shown in Table 2. And (5) drying the detected solid mixture of the detection sample, and returning to the mixer for use.
TABLE 2
5. Packaging or bulk
Performing bulk packaging or bagging packaging on the finished products qualified by the spot check according to the requirements of customers, and loading the finished products into a tank car in the bulk packaging process (through a discharger); the bags were packed using a packing machine to 25kg per bag. A feed inlet of the discharger is provided with a cloth bag dust removal system for collecting dust generated in the bulk loading process; a feed port of the packaging machine is provided with a bag-type dust removal system for collecting dust generated in the bag-forming packaging process. When finished products are packaged in bags, the packaged finished products are conveyed to a stacker, and the stacker stacks the packaged finished products and places the stacked finished products into a warehouse. Preferably, the warehouse is provided with 2 sets of automatic spraying devices, each device is provided with 2 spray heads, and the water quantity and the intensity can be automatically adjusted to settle dust generated by stacking.
6. Exhaust gas treatment
Because the anhydrous gypsum warehouse, the yellow sand warehouse, the cement warehouse, the vitrified microsphere warehouse, the industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, the industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, the cellulose warehouse and the calcium powder warehouse are dedusted by the cloth bag dedusting system and reach the emission standard (the dust emission concentration is less than 20mg/m3 in the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants for cement industry (GB 4915-2013)), the exhaust pipe with the height of 30m and the inner diameter of 0.4m can be directly exhausted by connecting the fan; after dust is removed by a plurality of dust removal systems in a production workshop, the dust can also be directly discharged outside by connecting an exhaust funnel with the height of 30m and the inner diameter of 0.4m with a fan; after dust is settled in a warehouse stacked with finished products by an automatic spraying device, the finished products can also be directly discharged out by a fan connected with an exhaust funnel with the height of 30m and the inner diameter of 0.4 m.
The water used for product sampling inspection and the water mist sprayed by the automatic spraying device are discharged by evaporation, so no waste water is generated.
The anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder collected by each cloth bag dust removal system can be respectively put into an anhydrous gypsum tank, a yellow sand tank, a cement tank, a vitrified micro bubbles tank, an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, an industrial potassium sulfate tank, a cellulose tank and a calcium powder tank for recycling, and the dust collected by the cloth bag dust removal system in the mixing process and the dust settled by an automatic spraying device in the packaging or bulk loading process can be both put into a mixer for recycling, so that no industrial solid waste is generated.
As a preferred example, the screw conveyor model was DIN273 (purchased from Weichang successful mechatronic device manufacturing, Inc.), the European plate Mill model was MTW1380, the gypsum remodelling machine model was PE 250X 1000 (purchased from Shanghai Songhao device machinery, Inc.), the elevator model was NE50 (purchased from Weichang successful mechatronic device manufacturing, Inc.), the doser model was YE3 (purchased from Weichang successful mechatronic device manufacturing, Inc.), the automated scale model was DSJL-1 (purchased from Weichang successful mechatronic device manufacturing, Inc.), the mixer model was WZL-6C (purchased from Shanghai mechanical manufacturing, Inc.), the packaging machine model was GZM-SDA (purchased from Shanghai Guangzi automated device, Inc.), and the stacker model was M410-185 (purchased from alloy Intelligent science, Inc.).
As a preferred embodiment, the process of exhaust gas treatment further comprises controlling dust generated by the running of vehicles transporting raw materials, auxiliary materials or finished products; in the case of dry roads, the dust emission Q per kilometer of the vehicle is calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝0.123(V/5)(W/6.8)0.85(P/0.5)0.75
in the formula, V is the running speed of the vehicle and is in km/h; w is the vehicle load capacity, unit ton; p is the dust content of the road surface in kg/m3。
In the embodiment, the driving distance of the vehicle in the factory area is 200 meters, and 30 vehicles are respectively sent out on average every day for empty vehicles and heavy vehicles (vehicles carrying raw materials, auxiliary materials or finished products); the weight of the empty vehicle is 10.0t, the weight of the heavy vehicle is 30.0t, the heavy vehicle runs at the speed of 20km/h, the ground in a factory area is regularly sprayed to reduce road dust, and based on the road surface dust amount, the road surface dust amount is 0.2kg/m3And calculating to obtain the total amount of the dust generated by the empty vehicles per day by 2.744kg, the total amount of the dust generated by the heavy vehicles per day by 6.991kg, and the total amount of the dust generated per day by 9.739kg, wherein the dust is discharged in an unorganized form.
As a preferred embodiment, a sanitary protection distance should be set between a production unit for inorganically discharging harmful gas and a residential area according to the regulations of technical method for making local atmospheric pollutant discharge standards (GB/T13201-1991).
The calculation formula of the sanitary protection distance L is as follows:
in the formula, CmIs a primary value of concentration limit standard in mg/m3；QcThe unit is kg/h, which is the control level that the inorganization discharge amount of harmful gas can reach; r is the origin of the inorganized emission of harmful gasesEquivalent radius of the production cell, in m, according to the footprint S of the production cell (in m)2) Calculation, r ═ (S/π)0.5(ii) a The sanitation distance calculation coefficient A, B, C, D is selected according to the relevant regulations of "technical method for establishing local atmospheric pollutant emission standard" (GB/T13201-1991), and in this embodiment, a is 350, B is 0.021, C is 1.85, and D is 0.84 according to table 3.
TABLE 3
In this example, Q is takencAnd (5) calculating to obtain the L of 14m when the L is 0.255kg/h, and taking the L of 50m after grading. And defining the factory boundary according to the L value.
As a preferred embodiment, in order to perform noise prevention and control, the following measures are taken: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, adopting heat-insulating sound-absorbing materials (noise reduction is more than or equal to 15) on the walls of an anhydrous gypsum warehouse, a yellow sand warehouse, a cement warehouse, a vitrified micro bubble warehouse, an industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, an industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, a cellulose warehouse, a calcium powder warehouse and a production workshop; all fans are provided with sound insulation covers (noise reduction is more than or equal to 15); a fan, a screw conveyor, an European board grinder, a gypsum modification machine, a lifter, a dryer, a mixer, a discharger and a packing machine are all provided with damping bases (noise reduction is more than or equal to 10); fourthly, greening the factory.
Equivalent sound level contribution value L generated by point sound source i at predicted pointeqgThe calculation is as follows:
in the formula, LAiThe sound level A generated by the point sound source i at the predicted point is in dB (A); t is prediction time and unit s; t is tiIs the running time of the point sound source i within the predicted time T, in units of s. The point sound source is a point on a fan, a screw conveyor, an Oldham grinder, a gypsum modifying machine, a lifter, a dryer, a mixer, a discharger or a packaging machine.
The point sound source i is at a distance r1The a sound level generated at the predicted point of (3) is calculated as follows:
LAi＝LAW-20lgr1-8
in the formula, LAWThe sound power level A (weighted sound power level A) of the point sound source i is expressed in dB (A);
the predicted equivalent sound level for the predicted point is calculated as:
Leq＝10lg(100.1Leqg+100.1Leqb)
in the formula, LeqbThe background value for the predicted point is given in dB (A).
According to the equivalent sound level contribution value L generated by the point sound source i at the predicted pointeqgThe factory boundary is limited by meeting 3 types of standard daytime and nighttime limit values of environmental noise emission standard of factory boundary of industrial enterprise (GB12348-2008), and the smaller value of the two plant boundary fixed values is taken by comprehensively considering the limitation of the sanitation protection distance to the factory boundary.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of high-performance environment-friendly gypsum is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, storing raw materials and auxiliary materials;
weighing purchased anhydrous gypsum by a scale and then putting the weighed anhydrous gypsum into an anhydrous gypsum warehouse, respectively putting purchased yellow sand and cement into a yellow sand warehouse and a cement warehouse, weighing purchased vitrified micro bubbles by the scale and then putting the vitrified micro bubbles into a vitrified micro bubble warehouse, weighing purchased industrial aluminum sulfate by the scale and then putting the purchased industrial potassium sulfate into an industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, weighing purchased cellulose by the scale and then putting the cellulose warehouse, and weighing purchased calcium powder by the scale and then putting the calcium powder into a calcium powder warehouse; a bag-type dust removal system is arranged in an anhydrous gypsum warehouse, a yellow sand warehouse, a cement warehouse, a vitrified micro bubble warehouse, an industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, an industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, a cellulose warehouse and a calcium powder warehouse;
if the purchased anhydrous gypsum is blocky, conveying the blocky anhydrous gypsum to a gypsum reshaping machine for crushing through a screw conveyor in an anhydrous gypsum warehouse; conveying the crushed anhydrous gypsum to an European plate mill through a belt transmission mechanism for grinding to form powdery anhydrous gypsum; the belt transmission mechanism is provided with an outer cover; a bag-type dust removal system is arranged at the gypsum modification machine to collect dust generated in the crushing process; a cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at the position of the European plate mill to collect dust generated in the milling process;
step 2, feeding raw materials and auxiliary materials
The method comprises the following steps of conveying powdered anhydrous gypsum in an anhydrous gypsum library, yellow sand in a yellow sand library, cement in a cement library, vitrified micro bubbles in a vitrified micro bubble library, industrial aluminum sulfate in an industrial aluminum sulfate library, industrial potassium sulfate in an industrial potassium sulfate library, cellulose in a cellulose library and calcium powder in a calcium powder library to a corresponding belt transmission mechanism through a screw conveyer respectively, conveying the products to a production workshop through the belt transmission mechanism, and then lifting the products in the production workshop through a lifter respectively to convey the products into an anhydrous gypsum tank, a yellow sand tank, a cement tank, a vitrified micro bubble tank, an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, an industrial potassium sulfate tank, a cellulose tank and a calcium powder tank; the elevator is provided with an outer cover for sealing; the feed inlets of the anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank, the cement tank, the vitrified micro-bead tank, the industrial aluminum sulfate tank, the industrial potassium sulfate tank, the cellulose tank and the calcium powder tank are all provided with a cloth bag dust removal system;
if the bottom layer plastering gypsum is produced, drying the yellow sand by using a dryer before the yellow sand enters a yellow sand tank; a cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at a feed inlet of the dryer;
step 3, metering and mixing the raw materials and the auxiliary materials according to the mass part ratio
The anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank, the cement tank, the vitrified micro bubbles tank, the industrial aluminum sulfate tank, the industrial potassium sulfate tank, the cellulose tank and the calcium powder tank are all fed by a quantitative feeder at the bottom, and the feeding amount is measured by an automatic weighing scale at the bottom; the controller controls the feeding amount and the feeding sequence of each quantitative feeder, and each automatic weighing scale transmits a metering signal to the controller; feeding anhydrous gypsum in an anhydrous gypsum tank, yellow sand in a yellow sand tank, cement in a cement tank, vitrified micro bubbles in a vitrified micro bubble tank, industrial aluminum sulfate in an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, industrial potassium sulfate in an industrial potassium sulfate tank, cellulose in a cellulose tank and calcium powder in a calcium powder tank according to a mass part ratio, and respectively conveying the materials into a mixer through a spiral conveyor with an outer cover; firstly feeding the vitrified micro bubbles, then simultaneously feeding industrial aluminum sulfate, industrial potassium sulfate and cellulose, pre-mixing the calcium powder in a mixer for 2-3 minutes after feeding the calcium powder, finally simultaneously feeding the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand and the cement, and mixing and stirring the raw materials and the auxiliary materials in the mixer for 7 minutes; a cloth bag dust removal system is arranged at a feed inlet of the mixer to collect dust generated in the mixing process; outputting the mixed finished product;
when preparing the bottom layer plastering gypsum, the mass parts of the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder are as follows: 2.05, 0.1, 0.65, 0.25, 0.075, 0.1; when preparing the light bottom layer plastering gypsum, the mass parts of the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder are as follows: 6.15, 0, 1.95, 1.05, 0.225, 0.3 or 6.15, 0.3, 1.95, 0.75, 0.225, 0.3;
step 4, sampling and inspecting finished products
And (3) performing spot inspection on the mixed finished product, wherein the detection steps are as follows: adding water into a detection sample for stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the detection sample to the water is 2:0.1, detecting the fluidity and the setting time, and carrying out 3d strength detection after forming, wherein the 3d strength comprises 3d compressive strength and 3d flexural strength; the fluidity of the mixture is 165mm or more after stirring is finished, and the water retention rate, the setting time and the 3d strength after molding are qualified as shown in the following table; drying the detected solid mixture of the detection sample, and returning the dried solid mixture to the mixer for use;
step 5, packaging or bulk packaging
Performing bulk packaging or bagging packaging on the finished products qualified by the spot check, wherein the bulk packaging process is to load the finished products into a tank car; packaging with a packaging machine; a feed port of the packaging machine is provided with a bag-type dust removal system for collecting dust generated in the bag-forming packaging process; when finished products are packaged in bags, the packaged finished products are conveyed to a stacker, and the stacker stacks the packaged finished products and places the stacked finished products into a warehouse;
step 6, waste gas treatment
The dust in the anhydrous gypsum warehouse, the yellow sand warehouse, the cement warehouse, the vitrified micro bubble warehouse, the industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, the industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, the cellulose warehouse, the calcium powder warehouse, the production workshop and the stacking finished product warehouse is directly discharged out through an exhaust funnel respectively, and the exhaust funnel is connected with a fan.
2. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bag-type dust removal system collects dust generated in the unloading process through the fan, and the dust collected by the fan enters the bag through the pipeline.
3. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the anhydrous gypsum tank, the yellow sand tank and the cement tank is 20 m.
4. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vitrified micro bubbles are made of silicon dioxide, the cellulose is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and the calcium powder is made of calcium carbonate.
5. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the finished product is packaged in bags, the finished product is packaged into 25kg of bags.
6. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: 2 sets of automatic spraying devices are installed in the warehouse, and each device is provided with 2 nozzles for settling dust generated by stacking; water used for product sampling inspection and water mist sprayed by an automatic spraying device are both discharged through evaporation; and (4) putting the dust settled by the automatic spraying device into a mixer for recycling.
7. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anhydrous gypsum, the yellow sand, the cement, the vitrified micro bubbles, the industrial aluminum sulfate, the industrial potassium sulfate, the cellulose and the calcium powder collected by the cloth bag dust removal systems are respectively put into an anhydrous gypsum tank, a yellow sand tank, a cement tank, a vitrified micro bubbles tank, an industrial aluminum sulfate tank, an industrial potassium sulfate tank, a cellulose tank and a calcium powder tank for recycling, and the dust collected by the cloth bag dust removal systems in the mixing process is put into a mixer for recycling.
8. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste gas treatment process also comprises the step of controlling dust generated by the running of vehicles for transporting raw materials, auxiliary materials or finished products, wherein the control measure is to regularly spray the ground in a factory; in the case of dry roads, the dust emission Q per kilometer of the vehicle is calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝0.123(V/5)(W/6.8)0.85(P/0.5)0.75
in the formula, V is the running speed of the vehicle and is in km/h; w is the vehicle load capacity, unit ton; p is the dust amount on the surface of the road, and the unit is kg/m3。
9. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plant boundary is limited according to the sanitary protection distance L between the production unit which discharges the waste gas and the residential area, and the calculation formula of L is as follows:
in the formula, CmIs a primary value of concentration limit standard in mg/m3；QcThe unit is kg/h, and the unit is the inorganization exhaust amount of waste gas; r is the equivalent radius of the production unit where the unorganized waste gas emission source is located, the unit is m, and r is (S/pi) calculated according to the floor area S of the production unit0.5(ii) a The sanitation protection distance calculation coefficient A, B, C, D is selected according to the regulation of technical method for establishing local atmospheric pollutant emission standard (GB/T13201-1991).
10. The preparation method of the high-performance environment-friendly gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the following measures are adopted to prevent and control noise: the walls of an anhydrous gypsum warehouse, a yellow sand warehouse, a cement warehouse, a vitrified micro bubble warehouse, an industrial aluminum sulfate warehouse, an industrial potassium sulfate warehouse, a cellulose warehouse, a calcium powder warehouse and a production workshop all adopt heat-insulating sound-absorbing materials, and the noise reduction is more than 15dB (A); all fans are provided with sound insulation covers, and noise reduction is achieved by more than 15dB (A); thirdly, damping bases are arranged on the fan, the spiral conveyor, the European board grinder, the gypsum reshaping machine, the hoister, the dryer, the mixer, the discharger and the packing machine, and the noise is reduced by more than 10dB (A); fourthly, greening the factory;
according to the equivalent sound level contribution value L generated by the point sound source i at the predicted pointeqgThe factory boundary is limited by meeting 3 types of standard daytime and nighttime limit values of environmental noise emission standard of factory boundary of industrial enterprise (GB12348-2008), and the limit of the sanitary protection distance to the factory boundary is comprehensively considered, and the smaller value of the two limit fixed values is taken;
equivalent sound level contribution value L generated by point sound source i at predicted pointeqgThe calculation is as follows:
in the formula, LAiThe sound level A generated by the point sound source i at the predicted point is in dB (A); t is prediction time and unit s; t is tiThe running time of the point sound source i in the prediction time T is unit s; the point sound source is a point on a fan, a screw conveyor, an Ou plate grinder, a gypsum reshaping machine, a lifter, a dryer, a mixer, a discharger or a packaging machine;
the point sound source i is at a distance r1The a sound level generated at the predicted point of (3) is calculated as follows:
LAi＝LAW-20lgr1-8
in the formula, LAWThe sound power level A of the point sound source i is dB (A);
the predicted equivalent sound level for the predicted point is calculated as:
in the formula, LeqbThe background value for the predicted point is given in dB (A).
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