CN111541398A - Preparation method of functionalized graphene roll-up photovoltaic PN junction - Google Patents
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction. Respectively performing cold quenching on the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene to obtain a carboxylated graphene roll and an aminated graphene roll; and then, coating the carboxylated graphene roll slurry and the aminated graphene roll slurry on the surface of the substrate, which is provided with the upper electrode and the lower electrode, respectively at the upper half part and the lower half part, and drying to obtain the functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction. The functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction prepared by the method can absorb moisture in a humid environment to form a built-in electric field similar to a p-n junction in a solar cell, so that electric energy is generated in an external circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of moisture power generation devices, in particular to a preparation method of a functionalized graphene roll-up photovoltaic PN junction.
Background
Water is closely related to energy, maintains the energy circulation of the earth system, balances the temperature of organisms, and is a natural energy absorber, an energy storage device, an energy converter and an energy transfer device. Nearly 70% of the energy of the solar radiation reaching the earth surface is absorbed by water, and the annual average power of the water dynamically absorbing and releasing the energy on the earth is as high as 60 trillion kilowatts, which is 3 orders of magnitude higher than the annual average energy consumption power of the whole human. The traditional water energy utilization mode is greatly limited by natural conditions and is easily influenced by external factors such as terrain, climate and the like, and the construction and the use of large-scale facilities and equipment easily cause ecological damage and cost improvement. Novel energy conversion and storage technologies play an extremely important role in the development of society. Solar cells, wind generators, hydroelectric generators, and the like have been successfully developed to convert this energy into electrical energy to facilitate everyday activities. However, it is not uncommon to use the moisture diffusion process in nature directly for the generation of electrical energy. The nano material has obvious quantum effect and surface effect, can be coupled with water in various forms to output obvious electric signals, for example, graphene can directly convert the energy of dragging and falling water drops into electric energy through the boundary motion of an electric double layer, and can also convert the wave energy of seawater into electric energy. Nano-structured materials such as carbon black can continuously generate electric energy in volt level through natural evaporation of ubiquitous water in atmospheric environment. This phenomenon of direct conversion of water into electrical energy is known as the "hydro-voltaic effect". The hydroelectric effect opens up a brand new direction for capturing the water energy of the earth water circulation in a full-chain manner, and the water energy utilization capacity is improved. Guowanlin, Queliang, Zhang, Tang dynasty, Zhou Jianxin, Zhou Jun and the like make pioneer researches in the fields of wet gas power generation and hydroelectric science and technology. The research on the photovoltaic effect and the moisture power generation is just started, and novel materials and devices with diversified application environments, high energy conversion efficiency and low power generation cost need to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction. By taking graphene oxide or single-sided selective graphene oxide as raw materials, carboxylated graphene, aminated graphene and reduced graphene oxide are respectively prepared. The reduced graphene oxide can be obtained by treating graphene oxide or single-sided selective graphene oxide with a conventional reducing agent and a microwave method. And (3) performing cold quenching on the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene in liquid nitrogen to prepare the nano coil. The purpose of preparing the nano-coil is to coil two-dimensional graphene oxide into a quasi-one-dimensional structure or shrink the graphene oxide into three-dimensional particles, wherein due to the asymmetry of single-sided selective graphene oxide, the acting force applied on the surface of the graphene oxide is different in the heating and cooling processes, and the coiled structure is formed by a planar structure more easily. The carboxylated graphene roll and the aminated graphene roll can absorb moisture in a humid environment, the surface of the carboxylated graphene roll can be ionized to form positive ions after water is absorbed by the carboxylated graphene roll, so that the surface of the carboxylated graphene roll has negative charges, the surface of the aminated graphene roll can be adsorbed with hydrogen ions after water is absorbed by the aminated graphene roll, so that the surface of the aminated graphene roll has positive charges, the two materials are placed on two sides of a device to form a graphene-based photovoltaic PN junction, the charge distribution is different due to the ionization of water molecules, the carboxylated or aminated graphene roll cannot move after being ionized or adsorbing ions, and the hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions in an adsorbed water layer can freely move, the separation and combination are finally in a dynamic equilibrium process, a built-in electric field similar to that in a p-n junction in a solar cell is formed, therefore, electric energy is generated in an external circuit, the power generation mode is green, environment-friendly and stable, and the power generation device can be used for humidity sensors or moisture power generation.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing 100mg of graphene oxide or single-sided selective graphene oxide in water, adding 6g of sodium hydroxide and 5g of monochloroacetic acid, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h to obtain carboxylated graphene;
(2) dispersing 100mg of graphene oxide or single-sided selective graphene oxide in 100mLDMF, adding 15g of ethylenediamine and 5g of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and reacting at 120 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain aminated graphene;
(3) heating the prepared carboxylated graphene and aminated graphene solution, putting the solution into liquid nitrogen for cold quenching after the graphene oxide solution is boiled until the solution is completely frozen, taking out the solution, and carrying out in-situ freeze drying to obtain a carboxylated graphene roll and an aminated graphene roll;
(4) respectively dispersing the carboxylated graphene roll and the aminated graphene roll in a solvent to obtain slurry;
(5) coating two graphene oxide layers on the upper and lower sides of a substrate, and performing conventional microwave reduction treatment to obtain an upper electrode and a lower electrode;
(6) the method comprises the steps of coating carboxylated graphene roll slurry and aminated graphene roll slurry on the upper half part and the lower half part of one surface of a substrate, coating the next area after one area is completely dried, and drying to obtain the functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction, wherein the surface is provided with an upper electrode and a lower electrode.
The graphene oxide and the single-sided selective graphene oxide in the step (1) can be prepared by the existing method, and commercial products can also be directly purchased.
And (4) the concentration of the graphene oxide solution required by the liquid nitrogen cold quenching in the step (3) is 0.5-8 mg/ml.
The solvent in the step (4) is methanol, ethanol or deionized water, and the concentration of the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene is 0.1-10 mg/mL.
The substrate in the step (5) is a flexible substrate and a hard substrate, the flexible substrate is a polyester resin film, a polyimide film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a polypropylene film, a polytetrafluoroethylene film or a teflon tape, and the hard substrate is glass, quartz or ceramic.
And (4) the electrode interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode in the step (5) is 1-10cm, and the electrode is used for contacting the graphene-based photovoltaic PN junction and serving as an extraction electrode.
The drying time in the step (6) is 1s-1800s, and the drying temperature is 0-80 ℃.
The thickness of the photovoltaic PN junction in the step (6) is 0.1-50 μm.
The humidity of the environment in which the moisture power generation device in the step (6) is operated should be more than 70%.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction prepared by the method can absorb moisture in a humid environment, the surface of the carboxylated graphene roll is provided with negative charges, the surface of the aminated graphene roll is provided with positive charges, but the carboxylated or aminated graphene cannot move, hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions in an adsorbed water layer can move freely, and the separation and combination of the hydrogen ions and the hydroxyl ions are finally in a dynamic balance process to form a built-in electric field similar to a p-n junction in a solar cell, so that electric energy is generated in an external circuit.
(2) Due to the fact that the graphene is curled into the graphene roll, the problem that graphene lamellar junctions are formed to be shielded mutually is avoided, the coating of the functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction can be thickened, more mobile charges are generated, and the power generation amount is improved.
(3) The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, easily obtained used materials, low requirement on equipment, large-scale production and great significance on the sustainable development of the society.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of forming an internal p-n junction-like structure of the device according to the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described by way of examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Dispersing 100mg of graphene oxide in water, adding 6g of sodium hydroxide and 5g of monochloroacetic acid, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours to obtain carboxylated graphene; dispersing 100mg of graphene oxide in 100mLDMF, adding 15g of ethylenediamine and 5g of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and reacting at 120 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain aminated graphene.
(2) Respectively dispersing the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene in ethanol to obtain slurry, wherein the concentration of the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene is 4 mg/mL.
(3) Heating the prepared carboxylated graphene and aminated graphene solution, putting the solution into liquid nitrogen for cold quenching after the graphene oxide solution is boiled until the solution is completely frozen, taking out the solution, and carrying out in-situ freeze drying to obtain a carboxylated graphene roll and an aminated graphene roll.
(4) Two graphene oxide layers are coated on a substrate polyester resin film, the width of an electrode is 1cm, the length of the electrode is 20cm, the interval between an upper electrode and a lower electrode is 8cm, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode are obtained after conventional microwave reduction treatment.
(5) The method comprises the steps of coating carboxylated graphene roll slurry and aminated graphene roll slurry on the upper half part and the lower half part of one surface, which is provided with an upper electrode and a lower electrode, on a substrate, coating the next area after one area is completely dried, and drying to obtain the functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction.
(6) The device is placed in a humid environment with a humidity greater than 70% and the device generates voltage and current signals.
Example 2
(1) Dispersing 100mg of single-sided selective graphene oxide in water, adding 6g of sodium hydroxide and 5g of monochloroacetic acid, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h to obtain carboxylated graphene; dispersing 100mg of single-sided selective graphene oxide in 100mLDMF, adding 15g of ethylenediamine and 5g of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and reacting at 120 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain aminated graphene.
(2) Respectively dispersing the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene in ethanol to obtain slurry, wherein the concentration of the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene is 4 mg/mL.
(3) Heating the prepared carboxylated graphene and aminated graphene solution, putting the solution into liquid nitrogen for cold quenching after the graphene oxide solution is boiled until the solution is completely frozen, taking out the solution, and carrying out in-situ freeze drying to obtain a carboxylated graphene roll and an aminated graphene roll.
(4) Two single-sided selective graphene oxide layers are coated on a substrate polyester resin film, the width of an electrode is 1cm, the length of the electrode is 20cm, the interval between an upper electrode and a lower electrode is 8cm, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode are obtained after conventional microwave reduction treatment.
(5) The method comprises the steps of coating carboxylated graphene roll slurry and aminated graphene roll slurry on the upper half part and the lower half part of one surface, which is provided with an upper electrode and a lower electrode, on a substrate, coating the next area after one area is completely dried, and drying to obtain the functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction.
(6) The device is placed in a humid environment with a humidity greater than 70% and the device generates voltage and current signals.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing 100mg of graphene oxide or single-sided selective graphene oxide in water, adding 6g of sodium hydroxide and 5g of monochloroacetic acid, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h to obtain carboxylated graphene;
(2) dispersing 100mg of graphene oxide or single-sided selective graphene oxide in 100mLDMF, adding 15g of ethylenediamine and 5g of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and reacting at 120 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain aminated graphene;
(3) heating the prepared carboxylated graphene and aminated graphene solution, putting the solution into liquid nitrogen for cold quenching after the graphene oxide solution is boiled until the solution is completely frozen, taking out the solution, and carrying out in-situ freeze drying to obtain a carboxylated graphene roll and an aminated graphene roll;
(4) respectively dispersing the carboxylated graphene roll and the aminated graphene roll in a solvent to obtain slurry;
(5) coating two graphene oxide layers on the upper and lower sides of a substrate, and performing conventional microwave reduction treatment to obtain an upper electrode and a lower electrode;
(6) the method comprises the steps of coating carboxylated graphene roll slurry and aminated graphene roll slurry on the upper half part and the lower half part of one surface of a substrate, coating the next area after one area is completely dried, and drying to obtain the functionalized graphene roll photovoltaic PN junction, wherein the surface is provided with an upper electrode and a lower electrode.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide and the single-side selective graphene oxide in the step (1) can be prepared by an existing method, and can also be directly purchased as a commercial product.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the graphene oxide solution required for liquid nitrogen quenching in the step (3) is 0.5-8 mg/ml.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the solvent in the step (4) is methanol, ethanol or deionized water, and the concentration of the carboxylated graphene and the aminated graphene is 0.1-10 mg/mL.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate in the step (5) is a flexible substrate and a rigid substrate, the flexible substrate is a polyester resin film, a polyimide film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a polypropylene film, a polytetrafluoroethylene film or a teflon tape, and the rigid substrate is glass, quartz or ceramic.
6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the electrode separation of the upper electrode and the lower electrode in the step (5) is 1 to 10cm, which functions as a contact with the graphene-based hydrophotovoltaic PN junction and as a lead-out electrode.
7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the drying time in the step (6) is 1s to 1800s, and the drying temperature is 0 to 80 ℃.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the hydrophytic PN junction in the step (6) is 0.1-50 μm, and the humidity of the environment in which the moisture power generating device operates is more than 70%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112152510A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-29 | 大连理工大学 | Thermal charge power circulation system with liquid drops as carriers |
| CN114212780A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-03-22 | 北京航空航天大学杭州创新研究院 | Janus photovoltaic power generation material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116694074A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-09-05 | 南京工业大学 | graphene/PI composite material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101950593A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Composite material and application thereof serving as super capacitor electrode material |
| CN109301068A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Driving photodetector and preparation method certainly based on photovoltaic and water volt effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101950593A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Composite material and application thereof serving as super capacitor electrode material |
| CN109301068A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Driving photodetector and preparation method certainly based on photovoltaic and water volt effect |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112152510A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-29 | 大连理工大学 | Thermal charge power circulation system with liquid drops as carriers |
| CN112152510B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-08-03 | 大连理工大学 | Thermal charge power circulation system with liquid drops as carriers |
| CN114212780A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-03-22 | 北京航空航天大学杭州创新研究院 | Janus photovoltaic power generation material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116694074A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-09-05 | 南京工业大学 | graphene/PI composite material and preparation method thereof |
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