CN111533270A

CN111533270A - Method for restoring lake water ecology by utilizing original ecological plant system

Info

Publication number: CN111533270A
Application number: CN202010380778.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张友德; 周洁茹; 张军; 周善武; 郝宗云; 张艳
Original assignee: Anhui Xinyu Ecological Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Xinyu Ecological Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-07
Filing date: 2020-05-07
Publication date: 2020-08-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for restoring lake water ecology by using an original ecological plant system, which is characterized in that iris falcata is planted in shallow water areas at two sides of a lake and is respectively distributed in two rows in parallel, potamogeton crispus is planted in a water area in the middle of a lake sheet, and potamogeton crispus can be planted in a lake water source middle area and can be respectively planted with reed, waterweed, peltate grass and eyeweed, and bacteria are put in water by exposure to oxygen. So as to achieve the purpose of enhancing and accelerating the decomposition of organic pollutants in water.

Description

Method for restoring lake water ecology by utilizing original ecological plant system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water ecology restoration, in particular to a method for restoring lake water ecology by utilizing an original ecological plant system.

Background

Water ecology refers to the influence of environmental water factors on organisms and the adaptation of the organisms to various water conditions, life originates in water, and water is an important component of all organisms. The organism continuously exchanges water with the environment, the quality (salinity) and the quantity of water in the environment are important factors for determining the distribution, the composition and the quantity of the organism and the life style, the life process cannot be separated from water, the occurrence of the organism enables the earth water circulation to be changed greatly, the water ecology is one of important marks for judging whether the water conservancy development is healthy, and the water ecology refers to the influence of environmental water factors on the organism and the adaptation of the organism to various water conditions. The water ecological research in the fields of agriculture, forestry, fishery and the like is emphasized, and the water ecology is increasingly more generally emphasized from the perspective of human environment.

At present, the pollution and prevention conditions in the aspects of urban landscape water, ecological lakes, river water environments, rural domestic sewage, aquaculture circulating water and the like in China are not optimistic, the demand of urban landscape water is increased due to the enhancement of urban construction, the treatment requirement on the water environment is further increased, the pollution treatment on water bodies such as lakes and the like is urgent, and some lands are also changed, so that the water loss caused by the change of the temperature and the humidity of the lands cannot adapt to the growth of plants and is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for restoring the ecology of lake water by using an original ecological plant system, which solves the problems that the demand of urban landscape water is increased due to the enhancement of urban construction, the treatment requirement on the water environment is further intensified, the pollution treatment of water bodies such as lakes and the like is urgent, and the water loss is caused because some lands are changed and cannot adapt to the growth of plants and the temperature and humidity of the lands are improved.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for restoring lake water ecology by using an original ecological plant system comprises the following steps:

s1, reserving a space on a river bank, excavating the ground, planting a mangrove forest with a crown in a pit, gradually forming a forest belt, planting a lawn on the ground in the middle of the mangrove forest, planting green climbing vines on one side of a slope of the river bank, and layering to build a strip-type and point-type flower bed.

S2, planting different water plants according to different water areas with different depths, planting 50-100 plants/mu of yellow iris at shallow water areas on two sides of a lake, planting 50-100 plants/mu of curly pondweed at the middle water area of the lake, and planting 50-150 plants/mu of reed, 50-100 plants/mu of waterweed, 50-150 plants/mu of sculellaria sinensis and 30-80 plants/mu of eyeweed in the middle water area of the lake.

S3, arranging bird repeller around herba curly pondweed and rhizoma curly pondweed in the shallow water area.

And S4, periodically supplementing oxygen to the water by using an aerator.

Preferably, the planting deep pits of the mangrove forest are 100cm-150cm, the distance between the mangrove forests is 50cm-100cm, the lawn occupies the middle line position of the mangrove forest, the mangrove forest and the lawn are both aligned, and the tree crown close to the bank extends to the upper part of the lake.

Preferably, shrubs and flowers and plants are planted on the flower bed to form a slope protection slope with a hard structure.

Preferably, said yellow iris is subjected to weed removal and disinfestation measures every 1 to 3 months after planting, and then observed, requiring the elimination of plants that are not growing and dead.

Preferably, the iris citrifolia L.is distributed in two rows in parallel, the distance between the iris citrifolia L.is 30-80 cm, the depth of a shallow water area is 0.1-0.8 m, and the depth of a middle water area is 1-2 m.

Preferably, the bird repeller needs to be inspected and maintained every 7 to 14 days.

Preferably, in step S4, the oxygen is periodically supplemented to the water for 1-3 months, and the time for each supplement is at least 4.5-6 h.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a method for restoring lake water ecology by using an original ecological plant system. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: the method for restoring lake water ecology by utilizing original ecological plant system is characterized by that in the deep pit of river bank a mangrove with larger crown is planted, in the ground surface of adjacent middle portion of mangrove a lawn is planted, its lawn is occupied by central line position of mangrove, its mangrove and lawn are aligned, the shoreside crown also can be extended into the upper portion of river channel and one side of river bank slope can be used for planting green vine-climbing plant, in the shallow water regions of two sides of lake the lake several rows are respectively parallelly-distributed, and in the middle water region of lake sheet two rows of potamogeton crispus are planted, in the middle water source region of lake water source several reed, elodea, water fennel and eyeweed can be respectively planted, and in the water the modes of exposing oxygen and releasing bacteria, and exposing oxygen and releasing bacteria in the water, and by means of using mangrove the actions of preventing wind and reducing waves, fixing bank and protecting, purifying seawater and air, several green plants can raise transparency in the water, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients is reduced, a large amount of oxygen is generated in the sewage purification process, the odor of the water body caused by oxygen deficiency can be reduced, the transparency of the water is improved, the growth and the propagation of aerobic bacteria are promoted by increasing the oxygen in the water body, and the aim of enhancing and accelerating the decomposition of organic pollutants in the water is fulfilled.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph comparing experimental data according to the present invention;

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the lake water source is 5 mu, the transparency of the water before restoration is 60cm, and the pollution degree is V standard.

The invention provides a method for restoring lake water ecology by utilizing an original ecological plant system, which comprises the following steps:

s1, firstly, reserving space as much as possible on a river bank, excavating the ground, planting 100cm deep pits, planting mangroves with larger crowns in the deep pits to gradually form forest belts, planting lawns on the ground between the mangroves, wherein the lawns occupy the center line positions of the mangroves, the mangroves and the lawns are aligned, the crowns close to the banks can also extend to the upper part of a river channel and can be used for planting green vine climbing plants on one side of a slope of the river bank, the green vine climbing plants climb up from bottom to top, the green vine climbs down to the water surface of a lake after reaching the top, or building strip-type and point-type flower beds by layering, planting shrubs or flowers, and planting upright or slope-type slope protection of a hard structure, and planting weeping shrubs.

S2, planting different water plants according to water areas with different depths, planting 50 plants/mu of yellow fleur-de-lis at 0.1mm of shallow water areas on two sides of a lake, wherein the space between the yellow fleur-de-lis is 30cm, the yellow fleur-de-lis is distributed in two rows in parallel, 50 plants/mu of potamogeton crispus are planted at 1m of the water area in the middle of a lake, 50 plants/mu of reed, 50 plants/mu of waterweed, 50 plants/mu of sculellaria barbata and 30 plants/mu of gynura bicolor can be planted in the middle of a lake water source, weed removal and insect elimination measures are carried out every 1 month after planting, and then observation is carried out, and plants which do not grow or die are required to be removed.

S3, carrying out bird repeller on the yellow iris and the curly pondweed in the shallow water area to ensure the normal growth of the water plants, and carrying out inspection and maintenance on the bird repeller for 7 days.

And S4, supplementing oxygen to the water every 1 month, wherein the time for supplementing each time is at least 4.5h, increasing the oxygen in the water body by an oxygenator, and promoting the growth and propagation of aerobic bacteria by using the method so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing and accelerating the decomposition of organic pollutants in the water.

Example 2:

the lake water source is 10 mu, the transparency of the water before restoration is 40m, and the pollution degree is VI standard.

s1, firstly, reserving space as much as possible on a river bank, excavating the ground, planting mangroves with larger crowns in the pits with a depth of 120cm, gradually forming forest belts, planting lawns on the ground between the mangroves with the larger crowns, wherein the lawns occupy the center line positions of the mangroves, the mangroves and the lawns are aligned, the crowns close to the bank can extend to the upper part of a river channel and one side of the slope of the river bank to plant green vine climbing plants, the green vine climbing plants climb from bottom to top, and the green vine climbing plants climb from top to bottom after reaching the top to the water surface of a lake, or building strip-shaped and point-shaped flower beds by layering, planting shrubs or flowers, and planting upright or slope-shaped revetments with hard structures, and planting weeping shrubs.

S2, planting different water plants according to water areas with different depths, planting 70 plants/mu of yellow iris at 0.4m of shallow water areas on two sides of a lake, wherein the space between the yellow irises is 50cm, the yellow irises are respectively distributed in two rows in parallel, planting 70 plants/mu of potamogeton crispus in the water area 1m of the middle of a lake sheet, planting 70 plants/mu of reed, 70 plants/mu of waterweed, 70 plants/mu of sculellaria, 50 plants/mu of glehnia littoralis, and removing weeds and eliminating insects every 1 month after planting, observing, and removing plants which do not grow and die.

And S4, supplementing oxygen to the water every 2 months, wherein the time for supplementing each time is at least 5 hours, increasing the oxygen in the water body by an oxygenator, and promoting the growth and propagation of aerobic bacteria by using the method so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing and accelerating the decomposition of organic pollutants in the water.

Example 3:

the lake water source is 20 mu, the transparency of the water before restoration is 20m, and the pollution degree is I standard.

s1, firstly, reserving space as much as possible on a river bank, excavating the ground, planting a mangrove with a large crown in a pit of 150cm, gradually forming a forest belt, planting a lawn on the ground between adjacent mangroves, wherein the lawn occupies the center line of the mangrove, the mangrove and the lawn are aligned, the crown attached to the bank can extend to the upper part of a river channel and can be used for planting green vine climbing plants on one side of the slope of the river bank, the green vine climbing plants climb up from the lower part to the upper part, and the green vine climbing plants climb down to the lower part after reaching the top until reaching the water surface of a lake, or building strip-type and point-type flower beds by layering, planting shrubs or flowers, and planting upright or slope-type slope protection of a hard structure, and planting weeping shrubs.

S2, planting different water plants according to water areas with different depths, planting 100 plants/mu of yellow iris at 0.8m of shallow water areas on two sides of a lake, wherein the space between the yellow irises is 80cm, the yellow irises are respectively distributed in two rows in parallel, planting 100 plants/mu of potamogeton crispus in 1m of the water area in the middle of a lake sheet, planting 100 plants/mu of reed, 100 plants/mu of waterweed, 150 plants/mu of sculellaria sinensis and 80 plants/mu of gynura segetum in the middle of a lake water source, carrying out weed removal and insect elimination measures every 3 months after planting, observing, and removing the plants which do not grow and die.

S3, secondly, carrying out bird repeller on the yellow iris and the curly pondweed in the shallow water area to ensure the normal growth of the water plants, and carrying out inspection and maintenance on the bird repeller for 14 days.

And S4, supplementing oxygen to the water every 3 months, wherein the time for supplementing each time is at least 6h, increasing the oxygen in the water body by an oxygenator, and promoting the growth and propagation of aerobic bacteria by using the method so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing and accelerating the decomposition of organic pollutants in the water.

Mangrove and lawn can prevent wind and wave, fix bank and protect and lift, purify the effects of sea water and air, various green plants can improve the transparency in the water, increase the dissolved oxygen of the water, reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, improve the temperature, humidity, provide food; thirdly, the slope is stabilized, water and soil loss is prevented, simultaneously, the hard, straight and light images of the slope protection are changed, and people can enjoy green, soft and colorful effects.

The yellow iris is extremely cold, is evergreen all year round in foreign-style houses in China, is suitable for growing in water with the depth of about 01m, has strong weldability, has very strong vitality, leaves are emerald green, and the flower color is bright and the plant per mu can reach 06-1 m.

Potamogeton crispus L has strong cold resistance, has scientific research performance of natural overwintering, is suitable for growing in water with the depth of 05-2m, starts to sprout in late autumn, has a flowering period of 4-6 months, enters a dormant period in the second year, resists stains, has moderate purification capacity, has good effect on low-concentration N, P cleaning, has higher clean oxygen production capacity of potamogeton crispus L, can change water quality, and can survive in muddy sand in sewage.

The reed aquatic plant can purify sewage, create biological living space and improve landscape, and is an essential component for water ecology, and can fix the surface of the wetland, provide good conditions for physical filtration, form an isolation layer, prevent direct freezing of the ground in winter, provide good habitat for microorganisms in root areas and part of wild organisms, biologically circulate through the oxygen transport function of root systems, reduce pollution load and improve landscape.

The waterweed is a high-quality, fast-growing and high-yield submerged plant, is strip-shaped, has strong pollution resistance, is suitable for silt or sediment containing a large amount of humus, and has high growth speed and strong water purification capacity.

The reproduction speed of water shield grass is fast, breeds the diffusivity extremely strong, can all survive to obstructed waters, is favorable to the use in the aquatic attitude, can increase the sewage median, can accelerate the purification of sewage simultaneously, and the reproduction speed of simultaneously because of water shield grass is fast, breeds the diffusivity extremely strong, so in the use of carrying out the aquatic attitude in sewage, will avoid the input of quantity, prevent to send out the expansion of scope.

The overwintering buds of the submerged plant of the eyedrops grow into new plants/mu in the last 4 th month, the flowering period is 5-6 months, the fruit period is 7-8 months, and the overwintering buds growing on the fruits, the rhizomes and the rhizomes propagate; when the fruits are scattered in water after being ripe, the epicarp is loose and stores air, so the epicarp floats on the water surface and spreads the fruits when the paddy field is used for drainage and irrigation; in the early vegetative growth stage, buds on the rhizomes develop into new rhizomes and stems and leaves on the ground, the rhizomes and the leaves grow on low-lying terrain, water is accumulated for a long time, soil is heavy, and the stems and the leaves grow in a pond, and the rhizomes and the leaves have good purification effect in sewage.

The aeration and oxygen release bacteria are the living and the reproduction of biological populations such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, soil protozoa and the like which can not be seen by human eyes, organic substances in water are decomposed into inorganic substances and water at any time, and the inorganic substances and the water need sufficient oxygen, so various methods and means are applied to aeration as much as possible, and the growth and the reproduction of aerobic bacteria are promoted by a method of increasing the oxygen in the water body, so that the aim of enhancing and accelerating the decomposition of organic pollutants in the water is fulfilled.

And (3) test comparison:

the test for restoring the water ecology is carried out according to the steps, the test is carried out in a stage of 7 days, the water source of example 1 was collected by a sampler on day seven of the experiment, and the change in clarity and contamination level in the water source of example 1 was determined by testing the water source, and the water source of example 2 was collected by a sampler on day 14 of the experiment, the water source of example 2 was collected by a sampler, the change in transparency and degree of contamination in the water source of example 2 was obtained by performing an assay on the water source, the water source of example 3 was collected by a sampler on day 21 of the experiment, the following data, shown in figure 1, were obtained by testing the water source after collection of the example 3 water source by a sampler to determine the change in transparency and contamination level in the example 3 water source.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for restoring lake water ecology by using an original ecological plant system is characterized by comprising the following steps:

S2, planting different water plants according to different depths of water areas, planting 50-100 plants/mu of yellow iris in shallow water areas on two sides of a lake, planting 50-100 plants/mu of curly pondweed in the middle water area of the lake, and planting 50-150 plants/mu of reed, 50-100 plants/mu of waterweed, 50-150 plants/mu of sculellaria peltata and 30-80 plants/mu of eyeweed in the middle water area of the lake.

S3, arranging bird repeller around rhizoma Iridis Tectori and Potamogeton crispus in the shallow water region.

And S4, periodically supplementing oxygen to the water by using an aerator.

2. The method for restoring the ecology of lake water by using the original ecological plant system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the planting deep pits of the mangroves are 100cm-150cm, the distance between the mangroves is 50cm-100cm, the lawn occupies the middle line position of the mangroves, the mangroves and the lawn are aligned, and the tree crowns close to the bank extend to the upper part of the lake.

3. The method for restoring the ecology of lake water by using the original ecological plant system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: shrubs and flowers and plants are planted on the flower bed to form the slope protection with the hard structure and the slope.

4. The method for restoring the ecology of lake water by using the original ecological plant system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after the yellow iris is planted, weed removal and insect elimination measures are carried out every 1-3 months, and then observation is carried out, and plants which do not grow or die need to be eliminated.

5. The method for restoring the ecology of lake water by using the original ecological plant system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the yellow iris flowers are respectively distributed in two rows in parallel, the distance between the yellow iris flowers is 30-80 cm, the depth of the shallow water area is 0.1-0.8 m, and the depth of the middle water area is 1-2 m.

6. The method for restoring the ecology of lake water by using the original ecological plant system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the bird repeller needs to be inspected and maintained every 7-14 days.

7. The method for restoring the ecology of lake water by using the original ecological plant system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S4, the time interval for periodically supplementing oxygen to the water is 1-3 months, and the time for supplementing each time is at least 4.5-6 h.