CN112110546A - Construction method of landscape lake water ecosystem - Google Patents
Construction method of landscape lake water ecosystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN112110546A CN112110546A CN201910908507.XA CN201910908507A CN112110546A CN 112110546 A CN112110546 A CN 112110546A CN 201910908507 A CN201910908507 A CN 201910908507A CN 112110546 A CN112110546 A CN 112110546A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a landscape lake water ecosystem, which comprises the following steps: 1. dividing the landscape lake into a fixed slope ecological system, an aquatic animal system and a lake bottom aquatic plant ecological system according to different ecological effects; 2. pretreatment of landscape lake water: applying a tedding and quicklime sterilization method to the soil at the bottom of the lake; 3. constructing a slope ecosystem: planting emergent aquatic plants at the shallow water side slope of the landscape lake; 4. constructing a lake bottom aquatic weed ecosystem: planting submerged plants in a deep water area in the center of the landscape lake; 5. constructing an aquatic animal system: after the aquatic plants are planted, putting filter-feeding fishes and other filter-feeding benthonic animals into the lake water; 6. later maintenance: periodically harvesting the aquatic plants and catching the aquatic animals. The invention has the effects of improving the survival rate of aquatic plants and enhancing the self-repairing capability and self-purifying capability of the water body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water environment pollution treatment, in particular to a construction method of a landscape lake water ecosystem.
Background
Landscape lakes are generally artificial lakes, which are a lake excavated by people on a planned and purposeful basis and are produced in unnatural environments. The landscape lake provides proper landscape interest for the city and is beneficial to improving the environmental quality of the city.
However, the landscape lake, as an open system, is inevitably challenged by various pollution factors, mainly including the following aspects: 1. and (3) atmospheric dry and wet sedimentation: atmospheric pollution is increasingly serious, and nutrient substances in the atmosphere enter the lake along with dust fall and rainfall, so that nutrient elements such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), nitrogen and phosphorus are brought into water to be dissolved, and the water quality of the landscape lake is influenced; 2. surface runoff of rainwater: the rainwater is easy to mix with dust and pollutants in the air in the falling process, various pollutants such as dust, impurities, garbage, oil and the like are fused in the process that the rainwater flows and washes on road surfaces, roofs, greenbelts, ditch slopes and other places, the rainwater is converged and then flows into lake water along surface runoff, and pollutants such as garbage deposited on roadside and the like are easy to be carried into a landscape lake; 3. influence of the ambient Environment: landscaping pesticides and fertilizers in the surrounding environment are gathered, and various activities such as surrounding residents, restaurants and the like can cause pollution to water bodies, so that the water quality of lake water is influenced; 4. endogenous contamination: after aquatic animal excrement and animal and plant corpses in lake water are decomposed, organic matters enter a water body, and the water quality of the lake water is easily affected; 5. natural factors: the landscape lake has the characteristics of poor water body fluidity, small water area, easy pollution, small water environment capacity, low water body self-purification capacity or lack of self-purification function, and if ecological purification measures are implemented without manual intervention, the phenomena of increase of suspended matters and turbidity in a water system, increase of the content of common bacteria and escherichia coli, mass propagation of algae, blackening and smelling of the water body and the like are easily caused. Therefore, it is extremely important to construct a water ecosystem in a landscape lake to restore to enhance the self-restoration ability of the water body of the landscape lake, so that the water environment of the landscape lake is harmonious and sustainable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a landscape lake water ecosystem.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a construction method of a landscape lake water ecosystem comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the landscape lake into a fixed slope ecological system, an aquatic animal system and a lake bottom aquatic plant ecological system according to different ecological effects;
(2) pretreatment of landscape lake water: applying a tedding and quicklime sterilization method to lake bottom soil, applying 10 kg of calcium superphosphate to every 600 square meters of the lake bottom soil, and putting one or more of bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria into lake water, wherein the input amount of microorganisms is 50kg-200 kg/mu/time, the input frequency of the microorganisms is 2-3 times per month, and the input time is 3-6 months; meanwhile, the zooplankton is thrown into the lake water, the throwing amount of the zooplankton is 30-60L/mu/time, the throwing frequency of the zooplankton is 1-2 times per month, and the throwing time is 1-2 months;
(3) constructing a slope ecosystem: emergent aquatic plants are planted on shallow water side slopes of the landscape lake to fix slope and bank silt and reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the lake water body;
(4) constructing a lake bottom aquatic weed ecosystem: planting submerged plants in a deep water area in the center of the landscape lake;
(5) constructing an aquatic animal system: after the aquatic plants are planted, putting filter-feeding fishes and other filter-feeding benthonic animals into the lake water;
(6) later maintenance: periodically harvesting the aquatic plants and catching the aquatic animals.
Preferably, the submerged plants are mainly selected from eel grass, short eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, lentinus edodes and watermifoil, and the plants with strong decontamination performance are used for reducing the concentration of pollutants in the inlet water, removing garbage, sludge and weeds and intercepting sewage, silt and floating objects.
Preferably, the filter feeding fish and other filter feeding benthonic animals include mandarin fish, snakeheads, elopichthys bambusa, bighead carp, pelteobagrus fulvidraco, catfish, snails and mussels.
Preferably, the dwarf bitter herbs are selected and cultivated according to the average water depth of the regulation lake, and the planting method comprises the steps of smashing the strip-shaped bitter herb seeds and the hydrilla verticillata, soaking the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs in water for about one week, soaking the surfaces of the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs into the water for about one week, and then uniformly sprinkling the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs into the regulation lake.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. applying superphosphate to the lake bottom soil by applying a tedding and quicklime sterilization and disinfection method to the lake bottom soil, and putting one or more of bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria into lake water, so that bacterial pathogens and mold which are easy to cause brown spot, leaf rust, stem rust, smut and the like of aquatic plants when being hibernated in the soil can be eliminated, the survival rate of higher aquatic plants is improved, algae spores in the soil are killed, the propagation and growth of filamentous algae and planktonic algae at the initial stage of the construction of an aquatic ecosystem are prevented, harmful bacteria are killed, and gill rot, printing diseases, mildew and gill diseases and the like caused by bacteria in the growth process of fishes are prevented;
2. by planting submerged plants in the deep water area and planting submerged plants and emergent plants in the shallow water area, the interaction of the submerged plants and the emergent plants is beneficial to improving the water body purification effect and simultaneously enhancing the landscape effect of the landscape lake;
3. the biological diversity and the ecological diversity of the landscape lake are obviously and effectively improved, the healthy and stable development of the ecological system of the landscape lake is promoted, the ecological problems of water quality pollution degradation of the landscape lake, weak self-purification capacity of the landscape lake, sharp reduction of the biological diversity and the like are effectively solved, and feasible and effective ecological restoration measures are provided for natural restoration and reconstruction of the landscape lake.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
The invention discloses a method for constructing a landscape lake water ecosystem, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the landscape lake into a fixed slope ecological system, an aquatic animal system and a lake bottom aquatic plant ecological system according to different ecological effects;
(2) pretreatment of landscape lake water: applying a tedding and quicklime sterilization method to lake bottom soil, applying 10 kg of calcium superphosphate to every 600 square meters of the lake bottom soil, and putting one or more of bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria into lake water, wherein the input amount of microorganisms is 50kg-200 kg/mu/time, the input frequency of the microorganisms is 2-3 times per month, and the input time is 3-6 months; meanwhile, the zooplankton is thrown into the lake water, the throwing amount of the zooplankton is 30-60L/mu/time, the throwing frequency of the zooplankton is 1-2 times per month, and the throwing time is 1-2 months;
(3) constructing a slope ecosystem: emergent aquatic plants are planted on shallow water side slopes of the landscape lake to fix slope and bank silt and reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the lake water body;
(4) constructing a lake bottom aquatic weed ecosystem: planting submerged plants in a deep water area in the center of the landscape lake;
(5) constructing an aquatic animal system: after the aquatic plants are planted, putting filter-feeding fishes and other filter-feeding benthonic animals into the lake water;
(6) later maintenance: periodically harvesting the aquatic plants and catching the aquatic animals.
Preferably, the submerged plants are mainly selected from eel grass, short eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, lentinus edodes and watermifoil, and the plants with strong decontamination performance are used for reducing the concentration of pollutants in the inlet water, removing garbage, sludge and weeds and intercepting sewage, silt and floating objects.
Preferably, the filter feeding fish and other filter feeding benthonic animals include mandarin fish, snakeheads, elopichthys bambusa, bighead carp, pelteobagrus fulvidraco, catfish, snails and mussels.
Preferably, the dwarf bitter herbs are selected and cultivated according to the average water depth of the regulation lake, and the planting method comprises the steps of smashing the strip-shaped bitter herb seeds and the hydrilla verticillata, soaking the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs in water for about one week, soaking the surfaces of the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs into the water for about one week, and then uniformly sprinkling the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs into the regulation lake.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: applying superphosphate to the lake bottom soil by applying a tedding and quicklime sterilization and disinfection method to the lake bottom soil, and putting one or more of bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria into lake water, so that bacterial pathogens and mold which are easy to cause brown spot, leaf rust, stem rust, smut and the like of aquatic plants when being hibernated in the soil can be eliminated, the survival rate of higher aquatic plants is improved, algae spores in the soil are killed, the propagation and growth of filamentous algae and planktonic algae at the initial stage of the construction of an aquatic ecosystem are prevented, harmful bacteria are killed, and gill rot, printing diseases, mildew and gill diseases and the like caused by bacteria in the growth process of fishes are prevented;
by planting submerged plants in the deep water area and planting submerged plants and emergent plants in the shallow water area, the interaction of the submerged plants and the emergent plants is beneficial to improving the water body purification effect and simultaneously enhancing the landscape effect of the landscape lake;
the biological diversity and the ecological diversity of the landscape lake are obviously and effectively improved, the healthy and stable development of the ecological system of the landscape lake is promoted, the ecological problems of water quality pollution degradation of the landscape lake, weak self-purification capacity of the landscape lake, sharp reduction of the biological diversity and the like are effectively solved, and feasible and effective ecological restoration measures are provided for natural restoration and reconstruction of the landscape lake.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A construction method of a landscape lake water ecosystem is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the landscape lake into a fixed slope ecological system, an aquatic animal system and a lake bottom aquatic plant ecological system according to different ecological effects;
(2) pretreatment of landscape lake water: applying a tedding and quicklime sterilization method to lake bottom soil, applying 10 kg of calcium superphosphate to every 600 square meters of the lake bottom soil, and putting one or more of bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria into lake water, wherein the input amount of microorganisms is 50kg-200 kg/mu/time, the input frequency of the microorganisms is 2-3 times per month, and the input time is 3-6 months; meanwhile, the zooplankton is thrown into the lake water, the throwing amount of the zooplankton is 30-60L/mu/time, the throwing frequency of the zooplankton is 1-2 times per month, and the throwing time is 1-2 months;
(3) constructing a slope ecosystem: emergent aquatic plants are planted on shallow water side slopes of the landscape lake to fix slope and bank silt and reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the lake water body;
(4) constructing a lake bottom aquatic weed ecosystem: planting submerged plants in a deep water area in the center of the landscape lake;
(5) constructing an aquatic animal system: after the aquatic plants are planted, putting filter-feeding fishes and other filter-feeding benthonic animals into the lake water;
(6) later maintenance: periodically harvesting the aquatic plants and catching the aquatic animals.
2. The construction method of landscape lake water ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: the submerged plants are mainly selected from eel grass, dwarf eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, lentinus edodes and foxtail algae, and the plants with strong decontamination performance are used for reducing the concentration of pollutants in the inlet water, removing garbage, silt and weeds and intercepting sewage, silt and floaters.
3. The construction method of landscape lake water ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filter feeding fish and other filter feeding benthonic animals include mandarin fish, snakehead fish, elopichthys bambusa, bighead carp, pelteobagrus fulvidraco, catfish, snail and mussel.
4. The construction method of landscape lake water ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that: the dwarf bitter herbs are selected and cultivated according to the average water depth of the regulation lake, and the planting method comprises the steps of smashing strip-shaped bitter herb seeds and hydrilla verticillata, soaking the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs in water for about one week, soaking the surfaces of the smashed strip-shaped bitter herbs into water, and then uniformly sprinkling the soaked strip-shaped bitter herbs into the regulation lake.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112746593A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-04 | 华南理工大学 | Construction method of low-maintenance ecological wetland |
| CN113321307A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-31 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for rebuilding ecological system of eutrophic water body |
| CN113371833A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-10 | 广西壮族自治区自然资源生态修复中心 | Composite ecological restoration method for lakeside zone of shallow lake |
| CN113526680A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-10-22 | 上海禹尚水环境科技有限公司 | Water ecosystem construction method guided by symbiosis of fungi and grasses |
| CN113979599A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-28 | 中建三局绿色产业投资有限公司 | Multi-interface gradient treatment method for mountain land type deepwater landscape lakes and reservoirs |
| CN115849637A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-03-28 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Artificial lake water treatment and purification method based on landscape system and water body circulation system |
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| CN113979599A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-28 | 中建三局绿色产业投资有限公司 | Multi-interface gradient treatment method for mountain land type deepwater landscape lakes and reservoirs |
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Application publication date: 20201222 |