CN111530899B

CN111530899B - Integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111530899B
Application number: CN202010475696.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何适
Original assignee: Guilin Yikela Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guilin Yikela Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-29
Filing date: 2020-05-29
Publication date: 2024-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-29
Also published as: CN111530899A

Abstract

The invention discloses integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment, which comprises a household garbage treatment unit, wherein a feeding unit, a feeding unit and a crushing unit are arranged corresponding to the household garbage treatment unit, a homogenizing unit, a discharging unit and a sorting unit are also arranged corresponding to the household garbage treatment unit, a conveying unit is connected with the crushing unit and the homogenizing unit, a tail gas treatment unit is arranged to purify fermentation gas generated by the household garbage treatment unit, a seepage recharging unit is arranged to collect leachate generated by the household garbage treatment unit and send back to the homogenizing unit, and a screening material return crushing unit is arranged to send back incompletely fermented materials of the sorting unit to the feeding unit. The invention relates to a miniaturized low-energy-consumption household garbage treatment facility, which can simultaneously complete multiple functions of drying, sterilization, deodorization, reduction and classification, fully realizes automation of all the functions, and can be directly applied to main generation sources of household garbage such as residential communities, business centers, office buildings, hotels and restaurants.

Description

Integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to garbage treatment equipment, in particular to integrated household garbage multifunctional treatment equipment.

Background

Garbage classification is a necessary means for realizing the recycling of household garbage. However, the household garbage has complex components, the water content is more than 65%, perishable matters (i.e. organic matters which are easy to be biodegraded, such as kitchen waste) account for more than 50% of the total weight of the garbage, and the household garbage is mutually wrapped, adhered and mixed with inorganic matters (such as metal, stone sand, tile, glass, ceramics and the like) and organic matters which are difficult to be biodegraded (such as plastics, rubber, fabrics, wood bamboo, paper and the like) in the garbage. If the garbage is directly classified, perishable matters are adhered to the surfaces of the components, so that the garbage cannot be directly recycled, the garbage is cleaned, and a large amount of sewage generated by the garbage is further treated, so that the garbage treatment process is large in occupied area, high in cost, high in energy consumption and complex in process. Therefore, in order to ensure that perishable objects can be effectively separated from other garbage components, the most effective treatment mode is to dry garbage first and then to realize garbage classification by utilizing various separation processes.

In the existing garbage drying technology, the advantage of realizing garbage drying (namely biological drying) by utilizing aerobic fermentation is obvious, and the technology has the functions of sterilization and reduction because of low energy consumption and no generation of a large amount of wastewater, and the mode can be roughly divided into two categories of open type and closed type.

The open fermentation mode has the advantages of less fixed asset investment and low energy consumption, but generates a large amount of odor, harmful gas and percolate in the treatment process, and has bad influence on the environment; in addition, the method has the advantages of low automation degree, long fermentation period, large occupied area and unstable quality of compost products.

The closed fermentation mode well solves the problems, can collect odor and percolate and process the odor and the percolate in the treatment process, and has small influence on the environment; in addition, the method has the advantages of high automation degree, short fermentation period and stable composting quality. However, due to the closed design of the mode, continuous blasting, aeration or stirring is generally required to ensure sufficient oxygen supply in the fermentation tank, so that the investment of fixed assets is large and the energy consumption is high.

The closed fermentation mode can be further divided into a horizontal mode and a vertical mode, wherein the vertical fermentation mode occupies smaller area compared with the horizontal fermentation mode, and the fermentation material can be discharged from top to bottom by utilizing the gravity of the fermentation material without a transmission device or a groveling device to assist in discharging, so that the advantages are obvious; therefore, the low-energy-consumption vertical aerobic fermentation mode is a preferred mode for drying the household garbage.

In the prior art, the following vertical fermentation technical scheme does not need to realize oxygen supply through stirring and blowing, but completes natural oxygen supply through the ventilation functions of a fermentation cylinder with upper and lower openings, a middle shaft pipe and a ventilation device, can feed when the bottom of the fermentation cylinder is closed, and completes discharging due to self gravity when the bottom of the fermentation cylinder is opened:

1. the invention patent application number 201210419045.3 is organic solid waste fermentation system.

2. Patent application 201210419061.2, honeycomb type organic solid waste fermentation System.

3. The invention patent application number 201410094070.8 is organic solid waste fermentation equipment.

4. The invention patent application number 201310033091.4 is 'air cushion type organic solid waste bag fermentation system'.

5. The invention patent application number 201310033093.3 is 'air cushion type organic solid waste tank fermentation system'.

The vertical fermentation technical schemes have the characteristics of small occupied area, low fermentation cost, small environmental pollution, automatic and large-scale production and the like, and oxygen supply is completed without manual stirring or blowing, but the defects are also obvious:

1. the fermentation tank feed inlet is not provided with a material flattening device, and the volume of the fermentation device is not fully utilized.

2. When the fermentation materials are discharged, the bottom of the fermentation tank can be closed again only after the fermentation materials fall out of the fermentation tank at one time, and the fermentation tank can not be shut down immediately during discharging, so that the fermentation tank can only perform batch fermentation, and continuous fermentation and simultaneous feeding and discharging can not be realized.

3. The discharge amount and the discharge speed of the fermentation tank are uncontrollable.

4. The sharp objects such as metal, glass, ceramic and the like contained in the household garbage are easy to pierce or scratch the fermentation bag and the air cushion in the feeding and discharging process, and particularly the part of the bottom of the fermentation tank for bearing weight, so that the household garbage cannot be directly treated, and the sharp objects must be separated before fermentation.

5. Part of condensed water generated in the fermentation process can flow downwards along the inner walls of the ventilation device and the center shaft pipe or the outer wall of the inflatable ventilation device, so that the water content of fermentation materials at the bottom of the fermentation tank is increased, and the fermentation and drying effects are affected; if the bottom end of the aerator extends out of the bottom of the fermenter, the condensed water can flow down the inner wall of the aerator out of the fermenter, resulting in water accumulation on the device (e.g., conveyor) connected to the bottom of the fermenter.

6. The oxygen supply of the fermentation device is not adjustable.

7. No gas collection and purification device is provided.

8. No percolate collection and treatment device is provided.

9. The fermentation is carried out by adding a fermentation regulator manually.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment, which aims to overcome the defects that the volume utilization rate of a fermentation device is low, the fermentation device cannot continuously ferment, the discharge amount and the discharge speed of the fermentation device are uncontrollable, the fermentation device is easy to damage, condensed water of the fermentation device is difficult to collect, the oxygen supply amount of the fermentation device is uncontrollable, a gas collecting and purifying device is not arranged, a percolate collecting and treating device is not arranged, a fermentation regulator is required to be manually added, and the integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment which is miniaturized and can simultaneously finish drying, sterilization, deodorization, reduction and classification of household garbage is absent.

The invention relates to integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment, which comprises a household garbage treatment unit, a tail gas treatment unit, a seepage recharging unit and a screening material recrushing unit, wherein the household garbage treatment unit is provided with a feeding unit, a crushing unit, a homogenizing unit, a discharging unit and a sorting unit, and the integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment comprises a household garbage treatment unit, a feeding unit, a crushing unit, a homogenizing unit, a discharging unit, a tail gas treatment unit, a seepage recharging unit and a screening material recrushing unit, wherein:

1. The household garbage treatment unit comprises a plurality of rows of ventilating pipes arranged in the fermentation tank, the upper ends of the rows of ventilating pipes are communicated with upper supporting pipes which are correspondingly arranged at the upper opening of the fermentation tank, dense ventilating holes and exhaust openings which are higher than the upper opening of the fermentation tank are formed in the upper supporting pipes, the lower ends of the rows of ventilating pipes are communicated with lower supporting pipes which are correspondingly arranged outside the lower opening of the fermentation tank, the lower supporting pipes are obliquely arranged and are communicated with air inlet pipes with drain pipes, an air flow regulating valve is arranged on each air inlet pipe, and each ventilating pipe comprises a corrosion-resistant net sleeve and a corrosion-resistant framework which is arranged in the corrosion-resistant net sleeve and plays a supporting role.

2. The homogenizing cylinder of the homogenizing unit is arranged at the upper opening of the fermentation tank, a material containing plate is arranged in the homogenizing cylinder, blanking openings are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the material containing plate, blanking plates capable of opening and closing the blanking openings are coaxially arranged at the bottom of the material containing plate, stirring paddles and bulk cargo paddles arranged on a central rotating shaft are arranged on the homogenizing cylinder above and below the material containing plate, and a homogenizing motor with a speed reducer is driven by the central rotating shaft.

3. The feeding barrel of the feeding unit is arranged above the homogenizing barrel, a feeding hopper is arranged on the front side of the barrel of the feeding barrel, a propeller is arranged at the upper opening of the feeding barrel, a telescopic rod of the propeller extends downwards into the barrel, and a push plate is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic rod.

4. The crushing unit comprises a coarse crusher and a fine crusher which are arranged between the feeding cylinder and the homogenizing cylinder and are communicated up and down, a pair of precise crushing biting teeth are arranged in a crushing box of each crusher, the two precise crushing biting teeth are connected through a pair of meshed transmission gears, the driving of the driving precise crushing biting teeth is a crushing motor with a speed reducer, the upper opening of the crushing box of the coarse crusher is arranged at the lower opening of the feeding cylinder, and the lower opening of the crushing box of the fine crusher is arranged at the upper opening of the homogenizing cylinder.

5. The feeding unit is arranged corresponding to a horizontal feeding hole of the feeding hopper and comprises a left panel, a right panel and a front panel, wherein the front panel is provided with a feeding hole, the left part and the right part of the feeding hole are parallel and level to the left panel and the right panel, a baffle plate hinged to the back of the front panel is arranged between the tops of the left panel and the right panel, a feeding shovel matched with the feeding hole is arranged corresponding to the feeding hole, the feeding shovel is hinged to the bottom of the feeding hole, a linkage rod which is bilaterally symmetrical is hinged between the feeding shovel and the baffle plate, the back of the front panel is provided with a baffle plate opening and closing mechanism, when the feeding hole is closed by the baffle plate, the feeding shovel is opened to the horizontal direction forward, and when the feeding hole is opened by the baffle plate, the feeding hole is closed and simultaneously fed to the horizontal feeding hole.

6. The tail gas treatment unit comprises a gas treatment chamber, and the gas treatment chamber is communicated with the homogenizing cylinder below the material containing plate through an exhaust pipe.

7. The discharging unit is arranged at the lower opening of the fermentation tank and comprises a plurality of rotating shafts which are arranged on the horizontal plane at equal intervals, radial scraping plates are uniformly distributed on the circumference of each rotating shaft, each row of ventilation pipes are arranged between the corresponding adjacent rotating shafts, the discharging transmission mechanism drives each rotating shaft to synchronously rotate, when the scraping plates on each rotating shaft are all positioned at the horizontal position, the lower opening of the fermentation tank is closed, and in the closing position, the interval between the scraping plates on the adjacent rotating shafts is the pipe diameter of the ventilation pipe at the minimum.

8. The liquid seepage recharging unit comprises a liquid collecting frame arranged below the lower supporting pipe, a plurality of liquid baffle plates are arranged in the liquid collecting frame, each liquid baffle plate is arranged in baffle sliding grooves which are correspondingly formed in the frame bodies on two sides of the liquid collecting frame and are stepped, each liquid baffle plate slides and expands (end to end) in the corresponding baffle sliding groove to form an inclined frame bottom, the lowest part of the inclined frame bottom is communicated with a drain pipe, the drain pipe is communicated with a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is communicated with the homogenizing cylinder through a pump pipe.

9. The separation unit comprises a vibrating screen arranged below the discharging unit, and the vibrating screen comprises an upper layer screen plate, a middle layer screen plate and a lower layer screen plate which are used for classifying materials through a fan.

10. The screening and crushing unit comprises a horizontal screw conveyer and a vertical screw conveyer, wherein the lower screening plate screens materials are returned to the storage hopper, the storage hopper is arranged above the feeding barrel, and the discharge hole of the storage hopper is communicated with the horizontal feed inlet of the feeding hopper.

A preferable scheme of the fermentation tank comprises an inner layer and an outer layer of air-permeable materials which are closely attached, wherein the inner layer of air-permeable materials are made of corrosion-resistant metal meshes, and the outer layer of air-permeable materials are made of plastic woven films.

One preferred embodiment of the corrosion resistant skeleton employs a metal screw rod.

In order to avoid mixing large metal blocks into the garbage materials, a metal detector is arranged on the feeding shovel, and the feeding shovel cannot be closed when the large metal blocks are detected.

Conventionally, the discharging transmission mechanism is a chain wheel and chain transmission pair driven by a discharging servo motor.

Further, the feeding shovel is used for feeding materials to the horizontal feeding hole in four modes:

1. And directly blanking, wherein the bottom of the feeding port is flush with the horizontal feeding port.

2. And (3) blanking by free falling, wherein the bottom of the feeding port is higher than the horizontal feeding port.

3. And (3) discharging by a pipeline, wherein the feeding port is connected with the horizontal feeding port by a pipeline.

4. And conveying and discharging, wherein the feeding port is connected with the horizontal feeding port through a conveying device.

For the convenience in human height batch feeding and reduction equipment height, storage hopper, feed cylinder, coarse crusher and fine crusher locate homogeneity section of thick bamboo and fermentation cylinder the place ahead, be equipped with conveying unit between fine crusher and the homogeneity section of thick bamboo, conveying unit includes material receiving conveyer belt, promotes conveyer and feed conveyer belt, material receiving conveyer belt corresponds the lower mouth setting of the crushing case of fine crusher, the feed conveyer belt corresponds the upper shed setting of homogeneity section of thick bamboo, it connects material receiving conveyer belt and feed conveyer belt to promote conveyer.

For further compact equipment structure, the gas treatment chamber is arranged above the storage hopper, and the lifting conveying device is vertically arranged.

The structure of the invention is as follows:

1. The feeding unit can avoid equipment damage caused by large-block metal entering, ensure the safety of equipment users and prevent untreated gas from being discharged from the feeding port.

2. The feeding unit can ensure that the household garbage materials can be effectively crushed by the crushing unit, so that the crushed particles are suitable for aerobic fermentation, and blockage and manual intervention feeding are avoided.

3. The homogenizing unit makes all components and physical and chemical properties of the household garbage materials uniform, and makes the household garbage materials uniformly fall into the fermentation tank body.

4. The household garbage treatment unit carries out natural oxygen supply on household garbage materials so as to finish aerobic fermentation with low energy consumption, can regulate and control the oxygen supply of fermentation, and can collect condensed water generated in the fermentation process.

5. The discharging unit is used for containing materials when not moving, is used for discharging at a uniform speed when moving, and the moving speed can be regulated and controlled.

6. The leachate recharging unit can recharge leachate from the water outlet to the homogenizing unit to be mixed with the household garbage materials again for fermentation.

7. The tail gas treatment unit introduces the gas generated in the treatment process from the household garbage treatment unit into the gas treatment chamber for purification treatment, the gas treatment chamber is filled with a gas treatment formula, and the gas is fully contacted with the gas treatment formula and then is discharged through the exhaust port.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment is a miniaturized low-energy-consumption household garbage treatment facility, can simultaneously complete multiple functions of drying, sterilization, deodorization, reduction and classification, can be directly applied to main sources of household garbage such as residential communities, business centers, office buildings, hotels and restaurants, solves the problem that the whole throwing and clearing process of the household garbage before being transported to a centralized treatment station in the prior art causes harm to residents and the environment, and realizes the full recycling of the household garbage under the condition of not needing manual garbage classification.

2. In the structure of the invention, a homogenizing unit is adopted, so that materials uniformly fall into the fermentation tank, and the volume of the fermentation device is fully utilized.

3. In the structure of the invention, the discharging unit is used for discharging at a constant speed, and the material is allowed to be fed into the fermentation tank at the same time during discharging, so that continuous fermentation is realized.

4. In the structure of the invention, the discharging unit can be opened and closed immediately, so that the discharging amount and the discharging speed can be controlled.

5. In the structure of the invention, the inner wall of the fermentation tank adopts a corrosion-resistant metal net, so that the fermentation tank is not easy to damage.

6. In the structure of the invention, the vent pipe is communicated with the drain pipe, and condensed water generated in the fermentation process can be collected and utilized.

7. In the structure of the invention, the air inlet pipe is provided with an air flow regulating valve, so that the oxygen supply can be regulated.

8. In the structure of the invention, the leachate recharging unit collects and recycles leachate, thereby avoiding polluting the environment.

9. In the structure of the invention, the screening material return crushing unit avoids the artificial intervention of supplementing the fermentation regulator for fermentation.

10. In the structure of the invention, the tail gas treatment unit can collect and purify the gas generated in the fermentation process.

11. In the structure of the invention, each unit layout is compact and can be miniaturized.

12. The invention has the functions of drying, sterilizing, deodorizing, reducing and classifying, and all the functions can be completely automated without manual intervention operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the embodiment of fig. 1 from another angle.

Fig. 3 is a front isometric view of the feeder apparatus of the embodiment of fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a rear isometric view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of fig. 3 and 4.

Fig. 6 is an isometric view of the feeder apparatus of the embodiment of fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is an isometric view of each crusher in the embodiment of fig. 1, 2.

Fig. 9 is an isometric view of the homogenizing apparatus of the embodiment of fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of fig. 9.

FIG. 11 is a front perspective view of the fermentation apparatus of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.

Fig. 12 is a recline perspective view of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is an isometric view of the vent assembly of fig. 11 and 12.

Fig. 14 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 13 at a.

Fig. 15 is an isometric view of the percolate collection in the embodiment of fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 16 (a) is a state diagram of the percolate cover plate of fig. 15 when closed.

Fig. 16 (b) is a state diagram of the percolate cover plate of fig. 15 when it is opened.

Fig. 17 is an internal configuration diagram of the discharging device in the embodiment of fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 18 is a top view of fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is an isometric view of the sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 20 is a front view of fig. 19.

Drawing number identification: 1. a household garbage treatment unit; 2. a feeding unit; 2-1, left panel; 2-2, right panel; 2-3, a front panel; 2-4, a striker plate; 2-5, a feeding shovel; 2-6, a linkage rod; 2-7, an electric push rod; 3. a feeding unit; 3-1, a feeding cylinder; 3-2, a feed hopper; 3-3, a propeller; 3-4, a telescopic rod; 4. a crushing unit; 4-1, a crushing box; 4-2, precisely crushing biting teeth; 4-3, a crushing motor; 4-4, a transmission gear; 5. a material receiving conveyor belt; 6. a homogenizing unit; 6-1, homogenizing cylinder; 6-2, a material containing plate; 6-3, blanking plate; 6-4, a central rotating shaft; 6-5, stirring paddles; 6-6, dispersing paddles; 6-7, homogenizing the motor; 6-8, blanking port; 6-9, collecting gas and introducing air ports; 7. a discharging unit; 7-1, a rotating shaft; 7-2, a scraping plate; 7-3, a discharging servo motor; 7-4, a chain wheel and chain transmission pair; 8. a sorting unit; 8-1, an upper coarse screen; 8-2, a middle layer screen; 8-3, a lower screen; 8-4, a fan; 8-5, a winnowing cover; 8-6, a material returning port; 9. a gas treatment chamber; 10. a seepage recharging unit; 10-1, a liquid collecting frame; 10-2, a liquid storage tank; 10-3, pump tube; 10-4, a drawing type liquid baffle plate; 10-5, baffle sliding grooves; 11. a horizontal screw conveyor; 12. a fermentation tank; 13. a vent pipe; 13-1, a corrosion-resistant net cover; 13-2, a corrosion-resistant framework; 14. upper escrow; 14-1, dense ventilation holes; 14-2, an exhaust port; 15. a lower support pipe; 16. an air inlet pipe; 16-1, a gas flow regulating valve; 17. a drain pipe; 18. an exhaust pipe; 19. lifting the conveying device; 20. a feed conveyor; 21. a storage hopper; 22. a push plate; 23. a vertical screw conveyor; 24. a frame.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings.

The invention relates to integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment, which comprises a household garbage treatment unit 1, a feeding unit 2, a feeding unit 3, a crushing unit 4, a conveying unit, a homogenizing unit 6, a discharging unit 7 and a sorting unit 8 which are arranged on the basis of a frame 24, wherein the frame 24 comprises a vertical front steel framework and a vertical rear steel framework, the homogenizing unit 6, the household garbage treatment unit 1, the discharging unit 7, the liquid seepage recharging unit 10 and the sorting unit 8 are arranged in the rear steel framework from top to bottom, the tail gas treatment unit, the sieve material crushing unit, the feeding unit 2, the feeding unit 3 and the crushing unit 4 are arranged in the front steel framework from top to bottom, and the conveying unit is arranged between the front steel framework and the rear steel framework as shown in fig. 1 and 2.

The household garbage treatment unit 1 comprises a fermentation tank 12 and a plurality of ventilation pipes 13 (the specific number of the ventilation pipes 13 is determined according to the size of the fermentation tank 12, nine ventilation pipes 13 are set for convenience of description), the fermentation tank 12 comprises an inner layer and an outer layer of closely attached ventilation materials, the inner layer of ventilation materials is made of a corrosion-resistant metal net, and the outer layer of ventilation materials is made of a plastic woven film; nine vent pipes 13 are arranged in three rows, each row is three vent pipes 13 at the front, middle and rear positions, the upper ends of the three vent pipes 13 are communicated with three horizontal upper support pipes 14 correspondingly arranged at the upper opening of the fermentation tank 12 through pipe joints, each upper support pipe 14 is a square pipe with the front and rear ends closed, the left and right pipe bodies of each square pipe are provided with dense vent holes 14-1, the front and rear ends of the upper pipe body of each square pipe are communicated with vertical vent pipes, the exhaust port 14-2 of each vent pipe is higher than the upper opening of the fermentation tank 12, the lower ends of the three vent pipes 13 are communicated with three lower support pipes 15 which are correspondingly arranged outside the lower opening of the fermentation tank 12 through pipe joints, each lower support pipe 15 is a square pipe with the front end open and the rear end closed, the front ends of the three lower support pipes 15 are communicated with a horizontal air inlet pipe 16, each air inlet pipe 16 is a square pipe with one end closed and the other end open, the open end of each air inlet pipe 16 is provided with an air quantity regulating valve 16-1, and the bottom of each air inlet pipe 16 is communicated with a vertical drain pipe 17; each ventilation pipe 13 comprises a corrosion-resistant net cover 13-1, and a corrosion-resistant framework 13-2 (a metal screw rod) with a supporting function is arranged in each corrosion-resistant net cover 13-1, as shown in fig. 11, 12, 13 and 14.

The homogenizing unit 6 comprises a homogenizing cylinder 6-1 arranged at the upper opening of the fermentation tank 12, a material containing plate 6-2 is arranged at the lower part in the homogenizing cylinder 6-1, four fan-shaped blanking openings 6-8 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the material containing plate 6-2, a blanking plate 6-3 is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the material containing plate 6-2, four fan-shaped openings staggered with the blanking openings 6-8 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the blanking plate 6-3, the blanking openings 6-8 of the material containing plate 6-2 can be opened and closed by rotating the blanking plate 6-3, stirring paddles 6-5 and bulk material paddles 6-6 arranged on a central rotating shaft 6-4 are arranged in the homogenizing cylinder 6-1 on the upper and lower sides of the material containing plate 6-2, a homogenizing motor 6-7 with a speed reducer is arranged on a frame plate at the upper opening of the homogenizing cylinder 6-1, the upper end of the central rotating shaft 6-4 is connected with an output shaft of the speed reducer, and a gas collecting air guiding opening 6-9 is arranged on the homogenizing cylinder 6-1 below the material containing plate 6-2, as shown in figures 9 and 10.

The discharging unit 7 is arranged at the lower opening of the fermentation tank 12 and comprises a plurality of front and rear rotating shafts 7-1 which are arranged at equal intervals from left to right on the horizontal plane (the specific number of the rotating shafts 7-1 is determined according to the size of the fermentation tank 12), eight rotating shafts 7-1 are arranged corresponding to three rows of ventilation pipes 13 (the eight rotating shafts corresponding to the three rows of ventilation pipes 13 are only one type of example), a plurality of radial scraping plates 7-2 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of each rotating shaft 7-1 (four scraping plates 7-2 are preferably arranged), the shaft ends of the adjacent rotating shafts 7-1 are connected through sprocket chain transmission pairs 7-4 with the same transmission ratio, the driving of the sprocket chain transmission pairs 7-4 is a discharging servo motor 7-3, the discharging servo motor 7-3 drives each rotating shaft 7-1 to synchronously and intermittently rotate through the sprocket chain transmission pairs, when the scraping plates 7-2 on each rotating shaft 7-1 are all in the horizontal position, the lower opening of the fermentation tank 12 is closed, the maximum spacing between the left scraping plate 7-2 and the right scraping plate 7-2 on the adjacent rotating shaft 7-1 is ensured, the third rotating shaft 7-1 and the fifth rotating shaft 7-1 is arranged on the left and the fourth rotating shaft 7-1, the sixth rotating shaft 13 is arranged on the third rotating shaft 13 and the fourth rotating shaft 13 and the sixth rotating shaft 13 is arranged between the third rotating shaft 1 and the third rotating shaft 13 and the fourth rotating shaft 1, as shown in fig. 1, 17 and 18.

The sorting unit 8 is arranged below the eight rotating shafts 7-1 and is used for sorting decomposed materials processed by the household garbage processing unit 1 according to the use functions thereof so as to facilitate the recycling, the sorting unit 8 comprises a vibrating screen and a pneumatic sorting mechanism, the vibrating screen comprises a screen body arranged on a spring element, the screen body comprises an upper layer screen plate 8-1, a middle layer screen plate 8-2, a lower layer screen plate 8-3 and a screen body bottom plate from top to bottom, the upper layer screen plate 8-1 and the lower layer screen plate 8-3 are all inclined leftwards, the middle layer screen plate 8-2 and the screen body bottom plate are inclined rightwards, the mesh aperture of the upper layer screen plate 8-1 is 10 mm-15 mm, the mesh aperture of the middle layer screen plate 8-2 and the mesh aperture of the lower layer screen plate 8-3 are all 2 mm-5 mm, the pneumatic sorting mechanism comprises a fan 8-4 and a pneumatic sorting cover 8-5, the fan 8-4 is arranged at the left end of the bottom of the lower layer screen plate 8-3, the pneumatic sorting cover 8-5 is arranged at the left end of the upper layer screen plate 8-1 and the left end of the screen plate 8-3, and the left layer screen plate 8-3 corresponds to the left end of the upper layer screen plate 8-3; the right end of the middle layer sieve plate 8-2 is communicated with the right end of the lower layer sieve plate 8-3 in the sieve body, the left end discharge port of the lower layer sieve plate 8-3 corresponds to the bottom of the winnowing cover 8-5, and the material returning port 8-6 and the discharge port at the front and rear positions are separated from the bottom of the winnowing cover 8-5 by two sloping plates according to the specific gravity of the oversize material of the lower layer sieve plate 8-3, as shown in figures 1, 2, 19 and 20.

The crushing unit 4 comprises a coarse crusher and a fine crusher which are communicated up and down, the coarse crusher and the fine crusher are arranged in a front steel framework of the frame 24 and correspond to the front side of the sorting unit 8, a pair of precise crushing biting teeth 4-2 are arranged in a crushing box 4-1 of each crusher, the two precise crushing biting teeth 4-2 are connected through a pair of meshed driving gears 4-4, the driving of the driving precise crushing biting teeth 4-2 is a crushing motor 4-3 with a speed reducer, the crushing motor 4-3 is arranged on a side box body of the crushing box 4-1, and an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with a rotating shaft of the driving precise crushing biting teeth 4-2, as shown in figures 1,2 and 8.

The lower port of a feeding cylinder 3-1 of the feeding unit 3 is arranged at the upper port of a crushing box 4-1 of the coarse crusher, a propeller 3-3 is arranged at the upper port of the feeding cylinder 3-1, a telescopic rod 3-4 of the propeller 3-3 extends downwards into the cylinder body, a push plate 22 is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic rod 3-4, and a feed hopper 3-2 of the feeding cylinder 3-1 is arranged on the front cylinder body of the feeding cylinder 3-1, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.

The feeding unit 2 is arranged corresponding to a horizontal feeding port of the feeding hopper 3-2, and comprises a front panel 2-3 arranged on the front side surface of a front steel frame of the frame 24, a left panel 2-1 and a right panel 2-2 arranged on the rear plate surface of the front panel 2-3, a feeding port is arranged on the front panel 2-3, the bottom of the feeding port is flush with the horizontal feeding port, the left and right panels 2-1 and 2-2 are flush with the left and right parts of the feeding port, a baffle plate 2-4 hinged on the rear plate surface of the front panel 2-3 is arranged between the tops of the left and right panels 2-1 and 2-2, a feeding shovel 2-5 matched with the feeding port is arranged corresponding to the feeding port, a metal detector is arranged on the feeding shovel 2-5, the bottom of the feeding shovel 2-5 is hinged on the bottom of the feeding port, A left-right symmetrical linkage rod 2-6 is hinged between a feeding shovel 2-5 and a striker plate 2-4, a striker plate opening and closing mechanism is arranged on a rear panel of a front panel 2-3, the striker plate opening and closing mechanism is preferably an electric push rod 2-7, two ends of the electric push rod 2-7 are hinged on a rear panel of the front panel 2-3 and the striker plate 2-4 respectively, when the striker plate 2-4 is closed by the elongated electric push rod 2-7, the feeding shovel 2-5 is opened to be horizontal forward by the left-right linkage rod 2-6, when the striker plate 2-4 is opened to be horizontal by the shortened electric push rod 2-7 from the feeding opening by the left-right linkage rod 2-6, the feeding shovel 2-5 is closed to the feeding opening by the left-right linkage rod 2-6, and the feeding shovel 2-5 at the moment, the left panel 2-1, the right panel 2-2, the baffle plate 2-4 and the front cylinder surface of the feeding cylinder 3-1 above the horizontal feeding hole jointly form a seal for the horizontal feeding hole, so that the overflow of peculiar smell gas generated in the crushing process of the household garbage materials is prevented, as shown in figures 1,2,3, 4 and 5.

The conveying unit comprises a receiving conveyor belt 5, a lifting conveyor 19 and a feeding conveyor belt 20, wherein the receiving conveyor belt 5 is arranged in a front steel framework below the lower opening of a crushing box 4-1 of the fine crusher, the feeding conveyor belt 20 is arranged on a rear steel framework above the upper opening of the homogenizing cylinder 6-1, and the vertical lifting conveyor 19 is connected with the receiving conveyor belt 19 and the feeding conveyor belt 20, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.

The screen material return crushing unit comprises a storage hopper 21, a horizontal screw conveyer 11 and a vertical screw conveyer 23, wherein the storage hopper 21 is arranged in a front steel framework corresponding to the feeding barrel 3-1, a discharge hole of the storage hopper 21 is communicated with a horizontal feed hole of the feeding hopper 3-2, a discharge valve is arranged at the discharge hole of the storage hopper 21, the horizontal screw conveyer 11 is arranged between the front steel framework and the rear steel framework of the frame 24 corresponding to a return hole 8-6 of the screen body, and the vertical screw conveyer 23 is connected with the storage hopper 21 and the horizontal screw conveyer 11 in the front steel framework, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.

The gas treatment chamber 9 of the tail gas treatment unit is arranged above the storage hopper 21 in the front steel frame, and the gas treatment chamber 9 is communicated with the gas collection air inlet 6-9 on the homogenizing cylinder 6-1 through the air exhaust pipe 18, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.

The liquid seepage recharging unit 10 comprises a liquid collecting frame 10-1 arranged below three lower supporting pipes 15, a plurality of liquid baffle plates 10-4 (the specific number is determined according to the situation) are arranged in the liquid collecting frame 10-1, each liquid baffle plate 10-4 is arranged in baffle sliding grooves 10-5 which are correspondingly arranged on the left side frame body and the right side frame body of the liquid collecting frame 10-1 and are in a step shape (the length of each baffle sliding groove 10-5 is gradually increased to the front end of the liquid collecting frame 10-1 from top to bottom and from back to front), each liquid baffle plate 10-4 is connected into an inclined frame bottom in the corresponding baffle sliding groove 10-5 in a front-to-back sliding mode, the lowest part (the front end of the liquid collecting frame 10-1) of the inclined frame bottom is communicated with a drain pipe 17, the liquid storage tank 10-2 arranged at the bottom of a front steel frame is communicated with the drain pipe 17, and the liquid storage tank 10-2 is communicated with the homogenizing cylinder 6-1 through a vertical pump pipe 10-3; each baffle plate 10-4 slides back and retracts to the rear end of the liquid collecting frame 10-1 in the corresponding baffle chute 10-5, so that the bottom of the liquid collecting frame 10-1 is empty to leave a discharging channel of the discharging unit 7, as shown in fig. 1,2, 15, 16 (a) and 16 (b).

The working flow of the invention is as follows:

1. And (3) placing a flat feeding shovel 2-5 (at the moment, a feeding port is closed by a baffle plate 2-4), pouring untreated mixed household garbage materials on the feeding shovel 2-5, and detecting whether large metal blocks exist in the mixed household garbage materials by a metal detector on the feeding shovel 2-5, wherein if the large metal blocks exist in the mixed household garbage materials, an alarm is sent to remind a person to clean, and the feeding shovel 2-5 cannot be closed after the large metal blocks are not cleaned.

2. The feeding shovel 2-5 closes the feeding port and pours the mixed household garbage material into the feeding barrel 3-1 through the feeding hopper 3-2, the mixed household garbage material falls into the crushing box 4-1 of the coarse crusher, the precise crushing biting teeth 4-2 coarsely crush the mixed household garbage material, and the telescopic rod 3-4 of the propeller 3-3 drives the push plate 22 to push down the mixed household garbage material to forcibly feed the precise crushing biting teeth 4-2; the mixed household garbage materials which are coarsely crushed enter a crushing box 4-1 of the fine crusher to be finely crushed.

3. The two-stage crushed household garbage materials (reaching the particle size suitable for aerobic fermentation) fall down on a receiving conveyor belt 5 and are conveyed into a homogenizing cylinder 6-1 through a lifting conveyor 19 and a feeding conveyor belt 20, the crushed garbage materials are piled up on a material containing plate 6-2 and are uniformly mixed under the stirring of a stirring paddle 6-5, a blanking plate 6-3 is opened to discharge the crushed garbage materials into a fermentation tank 12, under the scattering of a bulk material paddle 6-6, the crushed garbage materials are uniformly spread and piled up on a horizontal scraping plate 7-2 of each rotating shaft 7-1, and fermentation conditions are met after the material pile reaches a certain thickness.

4. The crushed garbage materials are subjected to aerobic fermentation in a fermentation tank 12 (the temperature of a material pile can be increased to more than 60-80 ℃ during fermentation), gas (such as ammonia, carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds) generated during fermentation is collected, treated and discharged by a gas treatment chamber 9, part of condensed water (formed by water vapor contacting an upper supporting pipe 14 with lower temperature) generated during fermentation flows downwards along the inner wall of a ventilation pipe 13 due to gravity and sequentially flows through a lower supporting pipe 15, an air inlet pipe 16 and a drain pipe 17 until reaching a liquid storage tank 10-2 (and can also be discharged from the drain pipe 17 for cleaning or irrigation); percolate generated in the fermented product in the fermentation tank 12 drops down through gaps between the scraping plates 7-2 and is uniformly collected by the liquid collecting frame 10-1 (at the moment, each drawing type liquid blocking plate 10-4 is arranged at the bottom of the frame), and the percolate is collected in the liquid storage tank 10-2 through the drain pipe 17; the mixture of condensed water and percolate in the liquid storage tank 10-2 is recharged in the homogenizing cylinder 6-1 by the pump pipe 10-3 for secondary fermentation, thereby playing a role in adjusting the carbon nitrogen ratio and the water content of the fermented material.

5. The decomposed materials generated by fermentation are discharged to a sorting unit 8 through a discharging unit 7: the rotating shafts 7-1 synchronously rotate for a certain angle, and the horizontal scraping plates 7-2 on the rotating shafts 7-1 rotate along with the rotating shafts to turn over decomposed materials on the horizontal scraping plates to the sorting unit 8 for discharging.

6. The sorting unit 8 sorts the decomposed materials according to the granularity and the specific gravity to obtain nutrient soil, building filling materials, fermentation regulator, plastics and the like, and the whole materials can be used for recycling:

the oversize material of the upper layer sieve plate 8-1 is mainly plastic material (which can be used as fuel or regenerated plastic), and the plastic material is discharged from the upper outlet of the winnowing cover 8-5 under the action of wind power.

The oversize materials of the middle layer sieve plate 8-2 and the lower layer sieve plate 8-3 are paper, fabric, wood bamboo and the like (which can be used as fermentation regulator), stone sand, glass, ceramic and the like (which can be used as building filling material) and a small amount of plastic materials (which can be used as fuel or regenerated plastic), under the action of wind force, the oversize materials with larger specific gravity on the middle layer sieve plate 8-2 and the lower layer sieve plate 8-3 are respectively discharged from a front material returning opening 8-6 (paper, fabric, wood bamboo) and a rear outlet (stone sand, glass, ceramic and the like) at the bottom of the winnowing cover 8-5, and the oversize materials with smaller specific gravity (a small amount of plastic materials) are mixed with the plastic materials at the upper part of the winnowing cover 8-5 and discharged.

The undersize of the lower layer sieve plate 8-3 is mainly nutrient soil which can be used for soil improvement, landscaping and agricultural production, and the nutrient soil is discharged from a discharge hole at the right end of a sieve body bottom plate.

7. The discharged papers, fabrics and bamboos are returned to the storage hopper 21 through the horizontal screw conveyor 11 and the vertical screw conveyor 23 to be re-participated in the household garbage treatment process from the crushing process, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content of the fermented materials are adjusted.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an integrated multifunctional household garbage treatment equipment, includes domestic garbage treatment unit (1), is equipped with feeding unit (2), feed unit (3), crushing unit (4), homogeneity unit (6), ejection of compact unit (7), sorting unit (8) corresponding to domestic garbage treatment unit (1), still includes tail gas treatment unit, oozes liquid recharging unit (10) and sieves material and returns garrulous unit, wherein:

The household garbage treatment unit (1) comprises a plurality of rows of vent pipes (13) arranged in a fermentation tank (12), the upper ends of the vent pipes (13) are communicated with upper supporting pipes (14) correspondingly arranged at the upper opening of the fermentation tank (12), dense vent holes (14-1) and exhaust openings (14-2) higher than the upper opening of the fermentation tank (12) are formed in the upper supporting pipes (14), the lower ends of the vent pipes (13) are communicated with lower supporting pipes (15) correspondingly arranged outside the lower opening of the fermentation tank (12), the lower supporting pipes (15) are obliquely arranged and the lower ends are communicated with air inlet pipes (16) with drain pipes (17), an air flow regulating valve (16-1) is arranged on each air inlet pipe (16), and each vent pipe (13) comprises a corrosion-resistant net sleeve (13-1) and a corrosion-resistant framework (13-2) which is arranged in the corrosion-resistant net sleeve (13-1) and has a supporting effect;

The homogenizing device is characterized in that a homogenizing cylinder (6-1) of the homogenizing unit (6) is arranged at an upper opening of a fermentation tank (12), a material containing plate (6-2) is arranged in the homogenizing cylinder (6-1), blanking openings (6-8) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the material containing plate (6-2), blanking plates (6-3) capable of opening and closing the blanking openings (6-8) are coaxially arranged at the bottom of the material containing plate (6-2), the homogenizing cylinder (6-1) above and below the material containing plate (6-2) is provided with stirring paddles (6-5) and bulk paddles (6-6) arranged on a central rotating shaft (6-4), and a homogenizing motor (6-7) with a speed reducer is driven by the central rotating shaft (6-4);

The feeding device is characterized in that a feeding barrel (3-1) of the feeding unit (3) is arranged above the homogenizing barrel (6-1), a feeding hopper (3-2) is arranged on a front barrel of the feeding barrel (3-1), a propeller (3-3) is arranged at an upper opening of the feeding barrel (3-1), a telescopic rod (3-4) of the propeller (3-3) extends downwards into the barrel, and a push plate (22) is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic rod (3-4);

The crushing unit (4) comprises a coarse crusher and a fine crusher which are arranged between the feeding cylinder (3-1) and the homogenizing cylinder (6-1) and are communicated up and down, a pair of precise crushing biting teeth (4-2) are arranged in the crushing box (4-1) of each crusher, the two precise crushing biting teeth (4-2) are connected through a pair of meshed driving gears (4-4), the driving of the driving precise crushing biting teeth (4-2) is a crushing motor (4-3) with a speed reducer, the upper opening of the crushing box (4-1) of the coarse crusher is arranged at the lower opening of the feeding cylinder (3-1), and the lower opening of the crushing box (4-1) of the fine crusher is arranged at the upper opening of the homogenizing cylinder (6-1);

The feeding unit (2) is arranged corresponding to a horizontal feeding hole of the feeding hopper (3-2), and comprises a left panel (2-1), a right panel (2-2) and a front panel (2-3), wherein a feeding hole is formed in the front panel (2-3), the left part and the right part of the feeding hole are flush with the left panel (2-1) and the right panel (2-2), a baffle plate (2-4) hinged to the back surface of the front panel (2-3) is arranged between the tops of the left panel (2-1) and the right panel (2-2), a feeding shovel (2-5) matched with the feeding hole is arranged corresponding to the feeding hole, the feeding shovel (2-5) is hinged to the bottom of the feeding hole, a left-right symmetrical linkage rod (2-6) is hinged between the feeding shovel (2-5) and the baffle plate (2-4), a baffle plate opening and closing mechanism is arranged on the back surface of the front panel (2-3), and when the baffle plate (2-4) closes the feeding hole, the feeding shovel (2-5) is opened to the horizontal position, and when the baffle plate (2-4) is opened to the feeding hole is opened to the horizontal feeding hole;

The tail gas treatment unit comprises a gas treatment chamber (9), and the gas treatment chamber (9) is communicated with a homogenizing cylinder (6-1) below the material containing plate (6-2) through an exhaust pipe (18);

The discharging unit (7) is arranged at the lower opening of the fermentation tank (12), comprises a plurality of rotating shafts (7-1) which are arranged on the horizontal plane at equal intervals, radial scraping plates (7-2) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of each rotating shaft (7-1), each row of vent pipes (13) is arranged between the corresponding adjacent rotating shafts (7-1), a discharging transmission mechanism is arranged to drive each rotating shaft (7-1) to synchronously rotate, when the scraping plates (7-2) on each rotating shaft (7-1) are all positioned at the horizontal position, the lower opening of the fermentation tank (12) is closed, and in the closed position, the interval between the scraping plates (7-2) on the adjacent rotating shafts (7-1) is the pipe diameter of the vent pipe (13) at the minimum;

The liquid seepage recharging unit (10) comprises a liquid collecting frame (10-1) arranged below a lower supporting pipe (15), a plurality of liquid baffle plates (10-4) are arranged in the liquid collecting frame (10-1), each liquid baffle plate (10-4) is arranged in baffle sliding grooves (10-5) which are correspondingly arranged on two side frame bodies of the liquid collecting frame (10-1) and are stepped, each liquid baffle plate (10-4) slides and expands into an inclined frame bottom in the corresponding baffle sliding groove (10-5), the lowest part of the inclined frame bottom is communicated with a drain pipe (17), the drain pipe (17) is communicated with a liquid storage tank (10-2), and the liquid storage tank (10-2) is communicated with the homogenizing cylinder (6-1) through a pump pipe (10-3);

the sorting unit (8) comprises a vibrating screen arranged below the discharging unit (7), and the vibrating screen comprises an upper screen plate (8-1), a middle screen plate (8-2) and a lower screen plate (8-3) for sorting materials through a fan (8-4);

The screening material return crushing unit comprises a horizontal spiral conveyer (11) and a vertical spiral conveyer (23) for returning screening materials of a lower screening plate (8-3) to a storage hopper (21), wherein the storage hopper (21) is arranged above the feeding barrel (3-1), and a discharge hole of the storage hopper (21) is communicated with a horizontal feed hole of the feeding hopper (3-2).

2. The integrated domestic garbage multifunctional processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fermentation tank (12) comprises an inner layer and an outer layer of air-permeable materials which are closely attached, wherein the inner layer of air-permeable materials are made of corrosion-resistant metal meshes, and the outer layer of air-permeable materials are made of plastic woven films.

3. The integrated domestic garbage multifunctional processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the corrosion-resistant framework (13-2) is a metal screw rod.

4. The integrated domestic garbage multifunctional processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a metal detector is arranged on the feeding shovel (2-5).

5. The integrated domestic garbage multifunctional processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharging transmission mechanism is a chain wheel and chain transmission pair (7-4) driven by a discharging servo motor (7-3).

6. The integrated domestic garbage multifunctional processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the feeding shovel (2-5) is used for feeding materials to the horizontal feeding hole in the following manner:

① . Directly blanking, wherein the bottom of the feeding port is flush with the horizontal feeding port;

Or ②, blanking by free falling, wherein the bottom of the feeding port is higher than the horizontal feeding port;

Or ③, pipeline blanking, wherein the feeding port is connected with the horizontal feeding port through a pipeline;

Or ④, conveying and discharging, wherein the feeding port is connected with the horizontal feeding port through a conveying device.

7. The integrated domestic garbage multifunctional processing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: storage hopper (21), feed cylinder (3-1), coarse crusher and fine crusher locate homogeneity section of thick bamboo (6-1) and fermentation cylinder (12) the place ahead, be equipped with conveying unit between fine crusher and the homogeneity section of thick bamboo (6-1), conveying unit includes material receiving conveyer belt (5), promotes conveyer (19) and feed conveyer belt (20), material receiving conveyer belt (5) are corresponding to the lower mouth setting of the crushing case (4-1) of fine crusher, feed conveyer belt (20) are corresponding to the upper shed setting of homogeneity section of thick bamboo (6-1), it connects material receiving conveyer belt (5) and feed conveyer belt (20) to promote conveyer (19).

8. The integrated domestic garbage multifunctional processing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: the gas treatment chamber (9) is arranged above the storage hopper (21), and the lifting and conveying device (19) is vertically arranged.