CN111511049A - Heating plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Heating plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111511049A CN111511049A CN202010454023.5A CN202010454023A CN111511049A CN 111511049 A CN111511049 A CN 111511049A CN 202010454023 A CN202010454023 A CN 202010454023A CN 111511049 A CN111511049 A CN 111511049A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/16—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Abstract
The invention relates to a heating plate, which comprises a base material (1), a first insulating layer (2), a conducting layer (3), a heating layer (4) and a second insulating layer (5) which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence, and is characterized in that: the base material (1) is made of metal material with low thermal expansion coefficient. Also provides a manufacturing method of the heating plate. The heating plate can be used for high-temperature heating, and has the advantages of high safety, high heating efficiency, economy and wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heating materials, in particular to a heating plate and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
At present, the heating elements on the market include tubular and panel-shaped types, wherein the tubular type mainly comprises a high-temperature heating element such as a ceramic heating tube, a silicon carbide heating tube and a resistance wire heating element, and the panel-shaped heating element comprises a microcrystalline glass heating element and a graphene coating heating plate.
The high-temperature heating element can provide high temperature, but the shape of the heating element is limited, the heating element can only be made into a tubular shape or a linear shape, the heating area is small, the heat is concentrated, and the high-efficiency contact heating is difficult to be made; the microcrystalline glass heater can be made into contact heating, but is difficult to be processed into different shapes, is not easy to be made into a special-shaped heater, and is high in cost and not suitable for common electric heating products; the graphene coating heating plate mostly adopts PP epoxy cloth, a PET film and a PI film as a base material, if the heating temperature is more than 150 ℃, the base material is not durable, easy to burn and then fire hazard occurs, and the heating plate has low heat conduction efficiency and cannot be used for manufacturing a high-power high-temperature heating plate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat generating plate which is durable, highly safe, generates heat uniformly, and has high heating efficiency.
The invention also aims to provide the heating plate which is wide in application range and low in cost.
The invention also aims to provide a corresponding manufacturing method of the heating plate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a heating plate, includes substrate, first insulating layer, conducting layer, the layer that generates heat, the second insulating layer that sets gradually from bottom to top, its characterized in that:
the base material is a metal material with low thermal expansion coefficient.
Further, the conducting layers are arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the first insulating layer, the heating layers are arranged between the conducting layers, and the distance between the conducting layers is matched with the area of the heating layers so that the edges of the heating layers cover partial areas of the conducting layers on two sides.
Further, the base material is a steel plate or an aluminum plate.
Further, the carbon content of the steel plate is 0.0218% -2.06%, the thickness of the steel plate is 0.4-0.8mm, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel plate is 1.2 × 10-5/℃。
Further, the base material is planar, arc-shaped, circular or irregular.
Furthermore, the conducting layer is a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode which are formed by silver paste films.
Further, the thickness of the silver paste film is 10-20 μm, the width of the film is 10-20mm, the distance between the silver paste film and the edge of the first insulating layer is at least 20mm, and the length of the silver paste film which is not covered by the heat generating layer is at least 10 mm.
Further, the heating layer is formed by coating graphene carbon paste, and the thickness of the heating layer is 5-18 μm.
Further, the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are both high-temperature insulating ceramic coating layers, and the high-temperature insulating ceramic coating layers comprise superfine flaky mica powder with the solid content of more than 25%, calcined kaolin with the solid content of more than 15% or high-temperature resistant inorganic resin with the solid content of more than 35%.
A method for manufacturing a heating plate is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of,
s1, sandblasting the base material and drying: adopting carborundum to carry out surface sand blasting and coarsening treatment on two surfaces of a base material made of a steel plate, cleaning with pure water, and then drying in a drying tunnel;
s2, spraying a first insulating layer, surface drying and drying: carrying out insulating paint spraying for 2-3 times on one surface of the base material treated by the S1, wherein the spraying thickness of each time is 0.06-0.1mm, carrying out surface drying but not curing process treatment on the base material for 2-5 minutes at 50-70 ℃ after each time of spraying, and then baking the base material in a baking channel for 15-20 minutes at 220 ℃ to form a first insulating layer;
s3, high voltage breakdown test: horizontally placing an aluminum plate on a first insulating layer of a completely cured substrate, grounding the substrate, performing a high-voltage breakdown test of 4000V for 10-60 seconds on the aluminum plate on the first insulating layer by using a high-voltage tester, performing S4 operation if the first insulating layer is not broken down, and continuing to perform S2 if the first insulating layer is broken down;
s4, printing a silver paste film, curing and sintering to manufacture a conductive layer: determining a heating area on the first insulating layer of the base material steel plate obtained after the S3 treatment, printing silver paste films on two sides of the heating area to form a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode, entering a drying tunnel for primary curing at 200 ℃ and 5-10 minutes, and then placing the base material steel plate into a sintering furnace at 650 ℃ according to the use temperature requirement for sintering for 10-25 minutes to form a conducting layer;
s5, coating graphene carbon slurry and drying to manufacture a heating layer and carrying out power detection on the heating layer: printing or roll-coating or spraying graphene carbon paste between two electrodes formed by silver paste films, wherein the area of the graphene carbon paste covers partial areas of a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode, then placing a steel plate into a drying tunnel to be baked at 260 ℃ for 10-20 minutes, so that the graphene carbon paste is completely cured to form a heating layer, and then carrying out power detection on the heating layer;
s6, spraying and curing a second insulating layer: adhering the uncovered silver paste film with a non-setting adhesive round sticker, spraying the insulating layer on the one surface of the substrate for 2-3 times, wherein the spraying thickness of each time is 0.06-0.1mm, carrying out surface drying on the substrate for 2-5 minutes at 50-70 ℃ after each spraying without curing, and then, entering a drying tunnel for curing and baking at 220 ℃ for 15-20 minutes to form a second insulating layer;
s7, spraying the other surface of the base material to enhance the heat radiation performance, punching a hole at the position of the adhesive sticker circular paste to expose an electrode for wiring, and finally obtaining the high-temperature heating plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the metal with low thermal expansion coefficient is used as a base material, the inorganic ceramic coating is sprayed on the base material to serve as an insulating layer, and the graphene carbon slurry is used as a heating layer, so that the base material of the heating plate is durable in use and high in safety, and meanwhile, the heating plate is uniform in heating and high in heating efficiency based on the plate-shaped characteristics; the metal material, the carbon slurry and the ceramic insulating coating are all economical materials, so that the production cost is reduced; the base material and the heating layer can be made into different shapes according to requirements, and can be in seamless butt joint with a heated body, so that the application range is improved; the corresponding manufacturing method of the product is simple, economical and applicable, the production cost is further reduced, and the performance of the heating plate is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a layered structure diagram of the heating panel of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the heat generating plate according to the present invention between the first insulating layer and the conductive layer and the heat generating layer.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a heat-generating plate of the present invention includes a substrate 1, a first insulating layer 2, a conductive layer 3, a heat-generating layer 4, and a second insulating layer 5, which are sequentially disposed from bottom to top, wherein the substrate 1 is made of a metal material with a low thermal expansion coefficient, and the substrate using the metal material with the low thermal expansion coefficient as a high-temperature heat-generating body has a small deformation amount after high temperature, and does not generate deformation impact on the insulating layer and the heat-generating layer on the substrate, in this embodiment, the substrate 1 uses a carbon content of 0.0218% -2.06%, a thickness of 0.4-0.8mm, and a thermal expansion coefficient of 1.2 × 10-5The steel plate has strength when being used as a base material, is suitable for bending, solves the problem that the manufactured heating plate has low quality due to poor ductility, hardness and strength in the processing process, and can use an aluminum plate meeting the requirements without detailed description.
Meanwhile, the substrate 1 can be processed into different shapes according to specific requirements, such as plane, arc, round or even special shapes. Traditional high temperature heat-generating body is mostly the threadiness and generates heat, and the heat is inhomogeneous, and secondly is difficult to make the dysmorphism, and some occasions need the heat-generating body to hug closely by the heating piece, and this kind of steel sheet that this application adopted is as slabby substrate, solution this type of problem that can be fine.
The conducting layers 3 of the heating plate are arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the first insulating layer 2, the heating layers 4 are arranged between the conducting layers 3, and the distance between the conducting layers 3 is matched with the area of the heating layers 4, so that the edges of the heating layers 4 cover partial areas of the conducting layers 3 on two sides. The conducting layer 3 is formed by silver paste film with thickness of 10-20 μm and width of 10-20mm to form phase line electrode and zero line electrode, the distance between the silver paste film and the edge of the first insulating layer 2 is at least 20mm, meanwhile, the length of the silver paste film not covered by the heating layer 4 is at least 10mm, as shown in fig. 2, correspondingly, the heating layer 4 is formed by graphene carbon paste coating, and the thickness is 5-18 μm.
The distance between two electrodes and the area looks adaptation of the layer that generates heat that the graphite alkene carbon thick liquid formed for the producer can do different areas that generate heat on the substrate steel sheet according to different demands, and the silver thick liquid membrane just coats in the area both sides that generate heat that confirm well, so be convenient for produce the board that generates heat of different power types, thereby enlarged application scope and suitable object, can not only replace the organic board that generates heat of low temperature on the existing market, can also accomplish the surface temperature 450 degree usage with the power and use, almost covered most electric heat usage.
When the power type is designed, the area of the heating layer can be controlled by the shape of the heating layer, such as the heating layer is designed into a plate shape, a strip shape, a grid shape, and the like. Simultaneously, graphite alkene carbon thick liquid in this application can require the different side of allotting to hinder according to different service temperature.
The first insulating layer 2 and the second insulating layer 5 of the heating plate are both high-temperature insulating ceramic coating layers, each high-temperature insulating ceramic coating layer comprises superfine flaky mica powder with the solid content of more than 25%, calcined kaolin with the solid content of more than 15% or high-temperature resistant inorganic resin with the solid content of more than 35%, the superfine flaky mica powder can enhance the anti-cracking and voltage insulation effects, and the calcined kaolin and the high-temperature resistant inorganic resin can play a role in skeleton bonding, enhance the viscosity and prevent cracking, prevent voltage breakdown and enhance the interlayer bonding force.
The corresponding manufacturing method of the invention is as follows:
s1, sandblasting the base material and drying: the surface of the two sides of the base material made of the steel plate is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using carborundum, and the base material is dried in a drying tunnel after being cleaned by pure water. Specifically, both surfaces of a base material made of the steel plate are subjected to surface sand blasting treatment by adopting 40-60-mesh carborundum, the adhesion is optimal only after the steel plate subjected to 40-60-mesh carborundum sand blasting is sprayed with the high-temperature insulating coating, and even if the steel plate is sintered at a high temperature of 650 ℃, the insulating layer cannot crack or even fall off. After the sand blasting procedure, the sand is cleaned by pure water and then enters a drying tunnel for drying treatment, and the procedure does not use any deoiling and degreasing chemical liquid and has relatively little influence on environmental pollution;
s2, spraying a first insulating layer, surface drying and drying: carrying out insulating paint spraying for 2-3 times on one surface of the base material treated by the S1, wherein the spraying thickness of each time is 0.06-0.1mm, carrying out surface drying for 2-5 minutes at 50-70 ℃ after each spraying without curing process treatment, and then baking for 15-20 minutes at 220 ℃ in a baking channel to form a first insulating layer; when spraying, a spray gun with the caliber of 1.5mm is used, and the pressure is correspondingly 0.4-0.6 mPA; during baking, the drying tunnel is subjected to air exhaust treatment to ensure that the coating at the deep part of the first insulating layer is completely cured, so that the integrity and the compactness of the first insulating layer are ensured; at least ten thousand levels of dust-free environment is needed in a spraying workshop, otherwise, impurities such as dust particles and the like are mixed into the insulating layer, and high-voltage breakdown is caused to cause defective products;
s3, high voltage breakdown test: horizontally placing an aluminum plate on a first insulating layer of a completely cured substrate, grounding the substrate, performing a high-voltage breakdown test of 4000V for 10-60 seconds on the aluminum plate on the first insulating layer by using a high-voltage tester, performing S4 operation if the first insulating layer is not broken down, and continuing to perform S2 if the first insulating layer is broken down; the length and the width of the aluminum plate are 40mm smaller than those of the base steel plate, the thickness of the aluminum plate is more than 5mm, and the distance between four edges of the aluminum plate and four edges of the steel plate is 20 mm;
s4, printing a silver paste film, curing and sintering to form a conductive layer: determining a heating area on the first insulating layer of the substrate obtained after the treatment of S3, forming a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode on two sides of the heating area by adopting 100-mesh 150-mesh screen printing silver paste films, entering a drying tunnel for primary curing at the temperature of 150-;
s5, coating graphene carbon slurry and drying to manufacture a heating layer and carrying out power detection on the heating layer: printing or roll-coating or spraying graphene carbon paste between two electrodes formed by silver paste films, wherein the area of the graphene carbon paste covers partial areas of a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode, then placing a steel plate into a drying tunnel to be baked at 260 ℃ for 10-20 minutes to completely cure the heating paste, and then carrying out power detection on a heating layer; specifically, in the step, different sheet resistances are prepared by the graphene carbon paste according to different use temperature requirements, then the carbon paste is silk-screened between two electrodes formed by the silver paste film by using a 100-mesh 180-mesh screen, or the graphene carbon paste is coated on a first insulating layer of a substrate by adopting a roll coating or spraying process according to the shape of the steel plate substrate, the area of the graphene carbon paste cannot completely cover a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode, and the silver paste film with the thickness of about 10mm needs to be exposed for wire welding; of course, other electrothermal slurry can be adopted to replace graphene carbon slurry;
s6, spraying and curing a second insulating layer: adhering the uncovered silver paste film with a non-setting adhesive round sticker, spraying the insulating layer on the surface of the substrate for 2-3 times, wherein the spraying thickness of each time is 0.06-0.1mm, carrying out surface drying on the substrate for 2-5 minutes at 50-70 ℃ after each spraying without curing, and then entering a drying tunnel for curing and baking at 220 ℃ for 15-20 minutes to form a second insulating layer; the diameter of the non-setting adhesive round sticker is 6-8mm, a spray gun with the caliber of 1.5mm is also adopted during spraying, and the pressure is controlled between 0.4-0.6 mPA;
s7, spraying the other surface of the substrate to enhance the thermal radiation performance, punching a hole at the position of the adhesive sticker circular paste to expose an electrode for wiring, and finally obtaining the high-temperature heating plate, wherein the spraying of the thermal radiation performance can be far infrared ceramic paint or decorative ceramic paint.
The heating plate produced according to the process is durable, generates heat in a surface shape, is more uniform, and has a large heat conduction area no matter used for heating air or solid, so that the heating efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the heating element can be made into a special shape, and the heating element can be made into a proper shape to be in seamless butt joint with the heating element according to the shape requirement of the heating element; the steel plate, the ceramic insulating coating and the heating element carbon paste are all economical materials in the market, so that the production cost is greatly reduced; compare with the heating pipe, this generate heat the board heating efficiency high, can produce same power, but single-point area temperature is not high, but the conflagration that greatly reduced high temperature caused and the scald risk, compare with the microcrystalline glass heating member, the heating panel surface strength of this application is high, be difficult to the damage, do not exist the danger of bursting, the security is higher, and, the used material of this design is inorganic material, do not have the easy ageing problem of organic material, generate heat layer and insulating layer after the high temperature sintering, the performance is more stable, make the board life-span that generates heat longer.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a heating plate, includes substrate (1), first insulating layer (2), conducting layer (3), layer (4), second insulating layer (5) that set gradually from bottom to top, its characterized in that:
the base material (1) is made of metal material with low thermal expansion coefficient.
2. A heat generating plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the conducting layers (3) are arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the first insulating layer (2), the heating layers (4) are arranged between the conducting layers (3), and the distance between the conducting layers (3) is matched with the area of the heating layers (4) so that the edges of the heating layers (4) cover partial areas of the conducting layers (3) on two sides.
3. A heat generating plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the base material (1) is a steel plate or an aluminum plate.
4. A heat generating plate according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the carbon content of the steel plate is 0.0218-2.06%, the thickness is 0.4-0.8mm, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 1.2 × 10-5/℃。
5. A heat generating plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the base material (1) is planar, arc-shaped, circular or special-shaped.
6. A heat generating plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and the conducting layer (3) is a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode formed by silver paste films.
7. A heat generating plate according to claim 6, characterized in that:
the thickness of the silver paste film is 10-20 mu m, the film width is 10-20mm, the distance between the silver paste film and the edge of the first insulating layer is at least 20mm, and the length of the silver paste film which is not covered by the heating layer is at least 10 mm.
8. A heat generating plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the heating layer (4) is formed by coating graphene carbon paste, and the thickness is 5-18 mu m.
9. A heat generating plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the first insulating layer (2) and the second insulating layer (5) are both high-temperature insulating ceramic coating layers, and the high-temperature insulating ceramic coating layers comprise superfine flaky mica powder with the solid content of more than 25%, calcined kaolin with the solid content of more than 15% or high-temperature-resistant inorganic resin with the solid content of more than 35%.
10. A method for manufacturing a heating plate is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of,
s1, sandblasting the base material and drying: adopting carborundum to carry out surface sand blasting and coarsening treatment on two surfaces of a base material made of a steel plate, cleaning with pure water, and then drying in a drying tunnel;
s2, spraying a first insulating layer, surface drying and drying: carrying out insulating paint spraying for 2-3 times on one surface of the base material treated by the S1, wherein the spraying thickness of each time is 0.06-0.1mm, carrying out surface drying but curing process treatment on the base material at 50-70 ℃ for 2-5 minutes after each spraying, and then baking the base material in a baking channel at 220 ℃ for 15-20 minutes to form a first insulating layer;
s3, high voltage breakdown test: horizontally placing an aluminum plate on a first insulating layer of a completely cured substrate, grounding the substrate, performing a high-voltage breakdown test of 4000V duration and 10-60 seconds on the aluminum plate on the first insulating layer by using a high-voltage tester, performing S4 operation if the first insulating layer is not broken down, and continuing to perform S2 if the first insulating layer is broken down;
s4, printing a silver paste film, curing and sintering to manufacture a conductive layer: determining a heating area on the first insulating layer of the base material steel plate obtained after the S3 treatment, printing silver paste films on two sides of the heating area to form a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode, entering a drying tunnel for primary curing at 200 ℃ and 5-10 minutes, and then placing the base material steel plate into a sintering furnace at 650 ℃ according to the use temperature requirement for sintering for 10-25 minutes to form a conducting layer;
s5, coating graphene carbon slurry and drying to manufacture a heating layer and carrying out power detection on the heating layer: printing or roll-coating or spraying graphene carbon paste between two electrodes formed by silver paste films, wherein the area of the graphene carbon paste covers partial areas of a phase line electrode and a zero line electrode, then placing a steel plate into a drying tunnel to be baked at 260 ℃ for 10-20 minutes, so that the graphene carbon paste is completely cured to form a heating layer, and then carrying out power detection on the heating layer;
s6, spraying and curing a second insulating layer: adhering the uncovered silver paste film with a non-setting adhesive round sticker, spraying the insulating layer on the one surface of the substrate for 2-3 times, wherein the spraying thickness of each time is 0.06-0.1mm, carrying out surface drying on the substrate for 2-5 minutes at 50-70 ℃ after each spraying without curing, and then entering a drying tunnel for curing and baking at 220 ℃ for 15-20 minutes to form a second insulating layer;
s7, spraying the other surface of the base material to enhance the heat radiation performance, punching a hole at the position of the adhesive sticker circular paste to expose an electrode for wiring, and finally obtaining the high-temperature heating plate.
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| CN113423151A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-21 | 江阴市辉龙电热电器有限公司 | Heating method and heating structure for curved surface of workpiece |
| CN113863601A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2021-12-31 | 佛山(华南)新材料研究院 | Heat-preservation heating rock plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114025441A (en) * | 2021-11-21 | 2022-02-08 | 付思学 | Heating plate and processing method thereof |
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