CN111500888B - Graphene composite metal material and preparation method and production equipment thereof - Google Patents
Graphene composite metal material and preparation method and production equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111500888B CN111500888B CN202010524211.0A CN202010524211A CN111500888B CN 111500888 B CN111500888 B CN 111500888B CN 202010524211 A CN202010524211 A CN 202010524211A CN 111500888 B CN111500888 B CN 111500888B
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- metal material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1031—Alloys containing non-metals starting from gaseous compounds or vapours of at least one of the constituents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/12—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from gaseous material
Abstract
The invention discloses a graphene composite metal material and a preparation method and production equipment thereof, wherein the production equipment comprises a plasma high-temperature heating zone for heating metal powder to generate gaseous metal, a suspension zone connected with the plasma high-temperature heating zone and used for storing graphene powder, and a cooling zone connected with the suspension zone; and the plasma high-temperature heating area is provided with a plasma high-temperature heater. According to the graphene composite metal material prepared by the invention, graphene is uniformly compounded inside and outside the metal material, and the novel graphene composite metal material can overcome the defect that the graphene is not rigid, and can enhance the electric conduction and heat conduction performance of the metal material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of graphene materials, in particular to a graphene composite metal material and a preparation method and production equipment thereof.
Background
Graphene has been used in various fields as a novel high-electrical conductivity and high-thermal conductivity non-metallic material. Since graphene itself is difficult to form, it must be supported by a rigid metal material, however, it is difficult to achieve efficient recombination of graphene and the rigid metal material in the prior art.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a graphene composite metal material, a preparation method and production equipment thereof, and aims to solve the problem that efficient compounding of graphene and a rigid metal material is difficult to realize in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the production equipment of the graphene composite metal material comprises a plasma high-temperature heating area, a suspension area and a cooling area, wherein the plasma high-temperature heating area is used for heating metal powder to generate gaseous metal; and the plasma high-temperature heating area is provided with a plasma high-temperature heater.
The production equipment of the graphene composite metal material is characterized in that the plasma high-temperature heater is a plasma heating gun.
The production equipment of the graphene composite metal material is characterized in that the plasma high-temperature heating zone and the suspension zone are located on the same horizontal plane.
The production equipment of the graphene composite metal material is characterized in that the cooling zone is perpendicular to the suspension zone, and the opening of the cooling zone is downward.
A preparation method of a graphene composite metal material comprises the following steps:
introducing metal powder into a plasma high-temperature heating zone, and heating the metal powder by a plasma high-temperature heater to obtain gaseous metal;
introducing the gaseous metal into a suspension region distributed with graphene powder, so that the gaseous metal is attached to the graphene powder to form composite liquid particles;
and introducing the composite liquid particles into a cooling area for cooling treatment to obtain the graphene composite metal material.
The preparation method of the graphene composite metal material comprises the step of preparing a graphene composite metal material, wherein the metal powder is one of iron powder, copper powder or silver powder.
The invention discloses a graphene composite metal material, which is prepared by the preparation method of the graphene composite metal material.
Has the advantages that: the production equipment of the graphene composite metal material comprises a plasma high-temperature heating zone for heating metal powder to generate gaseous metal, and a suspension zone connected with the plasma high-temperature heating zone and used for storing graphene powder, wherein the gaseous metal is in contact with the graphene powder in the suspension zone to enable the gaseous metal to be attached to the graphene powder to form composite liquid particles, and the composite liquid particles are cooled in a cooling zone to obtain the graphene composite metal material. In other words, according to the graphene composite metal material prepared by the invention, graphene is uniformly compounded inside and outside the metal material, and the novel graphene composite metal material can overcome the defect that graphene does not have rigidity, and meanwhile, the electric conduction performance and the heat conduction performance of the metal material can be enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a production apparatus for a graphene composite metal material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the plasma heating gun according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of a method for preparing a graphene composite metal material according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a graphene composite metal material and a preparation method and production equipment thereof, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and more clear and definite. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a production device of a graphene composite metal material, which comprises a plasma high-temperature heating area 100, a suspension area 200 and a cooling area 300, wherein the plasma high-temperature heating area 100 is used for heating metal powder to generate gaseous metal, the suspension area 200 is connected with the plasma high-temperature heating area 100 and is used for storing graphene powder, and the cooling area 300 is connected with the suspension area 200; the plasma high-temperature heating zone 100 is provided with a plasma high-temperature heater.
In this embodiment, the plasma high-temperature heater disposed in the plasma high-temperature heating area 100 may heat the passing metal powder to generate a gaseous metal, where the gaseous metal may fully contact with the graphene powder when passing through the suspension area and adhere to the graphene powder to form composite liquid particles, and the composite liquid particles are cooled in the cooling area to obtain the graphene composite metal material. In other words, according to the graphene composite metal material prepared by the invention, graphene is uniformly compounded inside and outside the metal material, and the novel graphene composite metal material can overcome the defect that graphene does not have rigidity, and meanwhile, the electric conduction performance and the heat conduction performance of the metal material can be enhanced.
In the present embodiment, the plasma high temperature heater is electrically heated by utilizing the high temperature at which the working gas ionizes to form plasma and the energy released when the free electrons in the plasma recombine with positive ions, and the working gas includes nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, or a mixed gas of nitrogen and argon, argon and hydrogen, etc. according to the use requirement. The plasma formed by gas ionization is composed of unionized gas molecules, atoms, positive ions, free electrons and negative ions with the same total charge amount, and the aggregation state of the plasma is listed after the solid state, the liquid state and the gas state, and is called as the fourth state of the substance. The plasma is generally neutral but has a large electrical conductivity, and its motion is dominated by electromagnetic force. The higher the temperature of the plasma, the higher the degree of ionization of the gas, and the higher the temperature of the plasma. The heating temperature of the plasma high-temperature heater can be adjusted according to the gasification temperature of the metal material.
In some embodiments, the plasma high temperature heater is used for heating the metal material, so that the metal material has the characteristics of high temperature, high power density and concentrated heat, the plasma is generally neutral, the metal material can be prevented from being oxidized and reduced, and compared with electron beam heating and laser heating, the plasma high temperature heater is used for heating the metal material, and the equipment and the production cost are lower. Therefore, the embodiment adopts the plasma high-temperature heater to directly heat the metal material to gasify the metal material, so that the heat utilization rate can be effectively improved, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
In some embodiments, the plasma is classified into two categories, i.e., a complete ionization plasma (e.g., a nuclear aggregation degree) with ultrahigh temperature and ultrahigh energy density and a weak ionization plasma (e.g., an arc discharge) with an ionization degree less than 1%, where the latter category is the plasma applied in this embodiment, and the weak ionization plasma is further classified into a balance plasma, i.e., a high temperature plasma and a non-balance plasma (i.e., a low temperature plasma), according to whether the neutral particles, ions and electrons are in a thermal equilibrium state or not. The high-temperature plasma has high temperature of about 4500-tens of thousands of degrees centigrade, has very large heat capacity, and can be used for heating and melting materials.
In some embodiments, the plasma high temperature heater may be a plasma heat gun. The plasma heating gun comprises an electric arc plasma gun and a high-frequency plasma gun, and the principle of the plasma heating gun is as follows: an arc formed by arc discharge of the working gas is generated between a cathode (usually thoriated tungsten or cerium tungsten electrode) and a copper nozzle as an anode, and the arc plasma forms a small-diameter stream due to the pressure of the working gas and the compression of the nozzle opening, and the temperature is above 3000 ℃, and the gas flow rate is generally above 10m/s, and can be as high as 5000 m/s. The arc is not transferred to the heated material, so the arc is called a non-transfer arc type; if the arc generated between the electrode and the nozzle is transferred to the material connected with the anode of the power supply after being generated, the arc transfer type is called. The arc between the cathode and the material is strongly compressed due to the combined action of the mechanical compression effect (caused by the nozzle opening), the thermal contraction effect (because the center of the arc column is higher than the temperature of the periphery thereof, the ionization degree is high, the conductivity is large, the current naturally tends to the center of the arc column) and the magnetic compression effect (caused by the magnetic field of the arc column), and the arc column becomes slender (thin like a needle, and can also be as long as more than 1 m). Under the condition of keeping balance with the expansion pressure in the arc column, the gas at the center of the arc column is highly ionized, the temperature can reach 10000-52000 ℃, and the air flow speed can reach 10000 m/s. Transferred arc plasma guns are most widely used in plasma heating. In practice, sometimes the arc-sustaining arc between the cathode and the copper nozzle remains in addition to the arc-main arc between the cathode and the material.
The working gas is excited and ionized by the high-frequency induction coil and the capacitance electrode respectively, and the generated plasma can be sprayed out through the nozzle to form plasma flame and can also be left in the working area for heating materials. The high-frequency plasma has the advantages of no pollution caused by electrode materials, high production cost, low generator power and less consumption. The power supply of the arc plasma gun is generally a direct current power supply with the characteristic of steep drop, is positively connected, is also provided with a three-phase alternating current power supply, has no-load voltage which is generally within the range of 75-400V for machining and can be more than 3000V for smelting, and is generally a high-frequency electron tube oscillator with the frequency within the range of 0.4-75 MHz. The heating device varies with the application of the equipment, such as a plasma smelting furnace with a refractory lining or a furnace body of a water-cooled crystallizer; a worktable or a working trolley of the plasma cutting and spraying device; reaction tanks for chemical production, and the like.
In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the plasma heating gun may include a baffle 1, an electric push rod 2, a piston rod 3, an articulation 4, a negative electrode connection end 5, a sealing member 6, an outer sleeve 7, an air inlet ring 8, a cathode rod 9, an anode nozzle 10, an air outlet hole 11, a positive electrode connection end 12, an air inlet nozzle 13, a base 14, an insulation plate 15, and a pull rod 16, wherein the insulation plate 15 is disposed below the electric push rod 2, the insulation plate 15 is fixedly connected to the base 14, the baffle 1 is disposed on one side of the electric push rod 2, the baffle 1 is vertically connected to the base 14, the piston rod 3 is disposed on the other side of the electric push rod 2, the piston rod 3 is connected to one end of the pull rod 16 through the articulation 4, the pull rod 16 is sequentially provided with the air inlet nozzle 13, the negative electrode connection end 5, and the air outlet hole 11, the other end of the pull rod 16 is connected to the cathode rod 9, the air inlet ring 8 is disposed at the connection position of the cathode rod 9 and the pull rod 16, the other end of cathode bar 9 is equipped with anode nozzle 10, the ring 8 outside of admitting air is equipped with overcoat 7, the one end and the anode nozzle 10 of overcoat 7 are connected, the other end of overcoat 7 is equipped with sealing member 6, and sealing member 6 is arranged in between overcoat 7 and pull rod 16, be equipped with anodal link 12 on the left base 14 of sealing member 6. The device is used, firstly, the heating temperature is set, the negative connecting end 5 and the positive connecting end 12 are touched to strike fire, when the firing device runs, the electric push rod 2 automatically adjusts the distance between the cathode rod 9 and the anode nozzle 10 according to the temperature in the furnace, the electric push rod 2 drives the cathode rod 9 to be far away from the anode nozzle 10, so that a plasma arc is formed between the cathode rod 9 and the anode nozzle 10, high-pressure air is filled between the cathode rod 9 and the anode nozzle 10, the high-pressure air enters the space between the cathode rod 9 and the anode nozzle 10 through the air inlet nozzle 13, the cathode rod 9 and the anode nozzle 10 are far away, the plasma arc emitted by the anode nozzle 10 is larger, the temperature is higher, the air pressure balance of gas in the device can be adjusted through the air inlet ring 8 and the air outlet 11, and manual intervention is not needed in the running process of the device.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the plasma high temperature heating zone is connected to the levitation zone and located at the same level. In this embodiment, the metal material is heated in the plasma high-temperature heating zone to generate metal gas, and then the metal gas can directly enter the suspension zone, the metal gas is in full contact with the graphene powder distributed in the suspension zone and is attached to the graphene powder, and when the metal gas is in contact with the graphene powder in the suspension zone, the metal gas is attached to the graphene powder to form composite liquid particles due to the temperature of the suspension zone.
In some embodiments, the cooling zone is connected to and perpendicular to the levitation zone, and the cooling zone opens downward. In this embodiment, the composite liquid particles continue to be cooled when passing through the cooling zone, the composite liquid particles gradually solidify into a solid to form the graphene composite metal material, and at this time, graphene is uniformly composited inside and outside the metal material.
In some embodiments, there is also provided a method for preparing a graphene composite metal material, as shown in fig. 3, including the steps of:
s10, introducing metal powder into a plasma high-temperature heating area, and heating the metal powder by a plasma high-temperature heater to obtain gaseous metal;
s20, introducing the gaseous metal into a suspension region distributed with graphene powder, so that the gaseous metal is attached to the graphene powder to form composite liquid particles;
and S30, introducing the composite liquid particles into a cooling area for cooling treatment to obtain the graphene composite metal material.
The embodiment is in through setting up plasma high temperature heater in the plasma high temperature zone of heating carries out heat treatment to the metal powder who passes through, makes it generate gaseous metal, gaseous metal passes through can fully contact with graphite alkene powder when the suspension zone is distinguished, and adhere to form compound liquid granule on the graphite alkene powder, compound liquid granule is in after the cooling zone cooling, obtain graphite alkene composite metal material. In other words, according to the graphene composite metal material prepared by the invention, graphene is uniformly compounded inside and outside the metal material, and the novel graphene composite metal material can overcome the defect that graphene does not have rigidity, and meanwhile, the electric conduction performance and the heat conduction performance of the metal material can be enhanced.
In some embodiments, the metal powder is one of iron powder, copper powder, or silver powder, but is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the invention also provides a graphene composite metal material, which is prepared by the preparation method of the graphene composite metal material. According to the graphene composite metal material, graphene is uniformly compounded inside and outside the metal material, and the novel graphene composite metal material can overcome the defect that graphene does not have rigidity, and meanwhile, the electric conduction performance and the heat conduction performance of the metal material can be enhanced.
In summary, the production equipment for the graphene composite metal material provided by the invention comprises a plasma high-temperature heating zone for heating metal powder to generate gaseous metal, and a suspension zone connected with the plasma high-temperature heating zone and used for storing graphene powder, wherein the gaseous metal is in contact with the graphene powder in the suspension zone, so that the gaseous metal is attached to the graphene powder to form composite liquid particles, and the composite liquid particles are cooled in the cooling zone to obtain the graphene composite metal material. In other words, according to the graphene composite metal material prepared by the invention, graphene is uniformly compounded inside and outside the metal material, and the novel graphene composite metal material can overcome the defect that graphene does not have rigidity, and meanwhile, the electric conduction performance and the heat conduction performance of the metal material can be enhanced.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a graphene composite metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
introducing metal powder into a plasma high-temperature heating zone, and heating the metal powder by a plasma high-temperature heater to obtain gaseous metal; the metal powder is one of iron powder, copper powder and silver powder; the plasma emitted by the plasma high-temperature heater is weak ionization plasma with the ionization degree of less than 1%;
introducing the gaseous metal into a suspension region distributed with graphene powder, so that the gaseous metal is attached to the graphene powder to form composite liquid particles;
and introducing the composite liquid particles into a cooling zone for cooling treatment to obtain the graphene composite metal material, wherein the cooling zone is connected with the suspension zone and is perpendicular to the suspension zone, and the opening of the cooling zone is downward.
2. A graphene composite metal material, which is prepared by the method for preparing the graphene composite metal material according to claim 1.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006120803A1 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2006-11-16 | Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd | Highly thermally conductive composite material |
| CN102084522A (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2011-06-01 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Intercalation electrode based on ordered graphene planes |
| CN104690281A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-10 | 青岛平度市旧店金矿 | Nano metal powder evaporation process based on plasma heating |
| CN111185595A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-05-22 | 阳江市高功率激光应用实验室有限公司 | Device for preparing coated powder and method for coating powder |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102166654B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2015-11-25 | 广东高鑫科技股份有限公司 | Efficient nickel-graphite raw powder's production technology and special purpose device thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006120803A1 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2006-11-16 | Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd | Highly thermally conductive composite material |
| CN102084522A (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2011-06-01 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Intercalation electrode based on ordered graphene planes |
| CN104690281A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-10 | 青岛平度市旧店金矿 | Nano metal powder evaporation process based on plasma heating |
| CN111185595A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-05-22 | 阳江市高功率激光应用实验室有限公司 | Device for preparing coated powder and method for coating powder |
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