CN111499069A - Comprehensive treatment system and treatment method for waste cutting fluid - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment system and treatment method for waste cutting fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499069A CN111499069A CN202010348002.5A CN202010348002A CN111499069A CN 111499069 A CN111499069 A CN 111499069A CN 202010348002 A CN202010348002 A CN 202010348002A CN 111499069 A CN111499069 A CN 111499069A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/24—Sulfates of ammonium
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment system and a treatment method for waste cutting fluid. The comprehensive treatment system for the waste cutting fluid comprises a cutting fluid collecting device, a tubular membrane system, a circulating tank, a multi-stage RO system, a preparation tank, a filter, a deamination membrane system, a water production tank, a sulfuric acid tank, an RO concentrated solution tank, a normal-temperature evaporation system, an oil-water concentrated solution tank and a demulsification system. According to the invention, the effective separation of the oily wastewater and the saline wastewater is realized through the special organic membrane, the whole process is purely physically separated, the nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater are zero discharged, the ammonia nitrogen is recycled to prepare the ammonium sulfate product, the ammonia nitrogen utilization rate reaches over 90%, the oil content of the emulsified oil reaches over 95% without adding any medicament, the utilization of the emulsified oil is realized, the effluent is recycled up to the standard, and the hazardous waste reduction can reach 98%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste cutting fluid treatment, in particular to a waste cutting fluid comprehensive treatment system and a waste cutting fluid treatment method.
Background
In the machining process of turning, grinding, cutting, rolling and the like, the machining industry generally uses cutting fluid for cooling, lubricating, cleaning and rust prevention so as to improve the quality of products and prolong the service life of equipment, but because the waste cutting fluid can cause pollution and damage to the environment and human bodies, the waste cutting fluid is classified as HW09 hazardous waste by the national hazardous waste record and must be disposed by qualified units.
At present, the conventional physicochemical method and biochemical treatment are mostly adopted in the process for treating the waste cutting fluid, the conventional technical route has complicated treatment process and high cost, the treated waste fluid does not meet the discharge requirement, and a large amount of gas scum and sludge are generated in the treatment process. A few processes adopt a special membrane equipment method for treatment, but most of the processes are incomplete, and the subsequent combination of conventional physical and chemical treatment and biochemical treatment is still needed, so that the problem of recovery treatment cannot be fundamentally solved, and the conventional physical and chemical treatment cost is high; the process of evaporation concentration treatment is also directly adopted, but the cost is higher, the effluent does not reach the standard, scaling is easy to occur, and the process is difficult to popularize. The treatment methods can not realize that the waste cutting fluid can be effectively treated to reach the standard and be discharged only by physicochemical treatment, and simultaneously realize the recycling of resources.
CN108865400A a cutting waste liquid regeneration recycling processing apparatus and technology, cutting waste liquid recovery unit includes: the device comprises a molecule collision condensation reaction cavity for condensing micron-sized oil drops into large-particle-size oil drops, a separation module for removing the large-particle-size oil drops and particles and an ultraviolet catalytic oxidation module for sterilization and performance repair treatment. The treatment process couples the effects of a molecular collision coagulation technology, an out-phase oil stain separation and particulate matter removal technology and a photocatalysis advanced oxidation technology, removes machining dirty oil in the cutting waste liquid, and improves the phenomenon of blackening and smelling. The cutting waste liquid is treated by combining physicochemical and biochemical means, and the problems of oil-water separation, standard discharge of the waste liquid and effective utilization of resources are not solved in a targeted manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing waste cutting waste liquid treatment cannot realize the effective separation of oil and water only by a physical method, and provides a waste cutting liquid comprehensive treatment system, which adopts a special membrane to realize the oil-water separation, oil is used for the regeneration of emulsified oil after high-temperature concentration and demulsification, water is discharged after reaching the standard after a full-membrane process, ammonia nitrogen in the water is treated by a deamination membrane and used as a fertilizer raw material, the ammonia nitrogen zero discharge of waste water is realized, so that the resource utilization of waste cutting liquid is realized, the whole dangerous waste reduction of the process can reach more than 98 percent, and the oil content of the recovered emulsified liquid can reach more than 95 percent.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating a used cutting fluid.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid comprises a waste cutting fluid collecting device, a tubular membrane system, a circulating tank, a multi-stage RO system, a preparation tank, a filter, a deamination membrane system, a water production tank, a sulfuric acid tank, an RO concentrated solution tank, a normal temperature evaporation system, an oil-water concentrated solution tank and a demulsification system,
the cutting fluid collecting device is connected with the liquid inlet end of the tubular membrane system, the liquid outlet end of the tubular membrane system is respectively connected with the liquid inlet ends of the circulating tank and the oil-water concentrated liquid tank,
the liquid outlet end of the circulation tank is connected with the liquid inlet end of the RO system, the water outlet end of the RO system is connected with the liquid inlet end of the preparation tank, the concentrated liquid end of the RO system is connected with the liquid inlet end of the RO concentrated liquid tank,
the preparation tank, the filter, the deamination membrane system and the water production tank are sequentially connected, the sulfuric acid tank is connected with the deamination membrane system,
the oil-water concentrated solution tank is sequentially connected with the demulsification system, the water outlet end of the demulsification system is connected with the cutting fluid collecting device,
and the RO concentrated solution tank is connected with the normal-temperature evaporation system, and the water outlet end of the normal-temperature evaporation system is connected with the cutting fluid collecting device.
One end of a pipe-type membrane system in the comprehensive treatment system for the waste cutting fluid is connected with a cutting fluid collecting device, and oil-water separation treatment is carried out on the cutting fluid, so that separation of salt-containing wastewater and oil-containing emulsion in the cutting waste emulsion is realized.
Wherein the concentration discharge mode of the tubular membrane system (discharging the emulsion to an oil-water concentrated solution tank) is provided with two modes of online concentration discharge and offline concentration discharge.
The RO system is also provided with two types of on-line concentration discharge and off-line concentration discharge.
Waste water gets into the circulation jar, carries out desalination and COD through RO water treatment system and gets rid of the processing, and the waste water part after handling continues to get into filtration system, gets rid of surface active substance through the filter, absorbs the ammonia nitrogen conversion in with the waste water through deamination membrane system and becomes ammonium sulfate product, has realized the effective separation of ammonia nitrogen in the cutting waste liquid, and the zero release of ammonia nitrogen in the waste water has also been realized to the play water after the deamination, can reach standard naturally and discharge or reuse in the workshop section of adding water.
On the other hand, concentrated waste liquid from the RO water treatment system is collected to an RO concentrated liquid tank, and is crystallized through normal temperature increase, water produced by evaporation can be further recycled to a cutting liquid collecting device for circular treatment, and the solid part after evaporation is used as hazardous waste treatment tailing and is sent to a unit with qualification for comprehensive utilization, so that zero emission of waste substances is realized.
The oil-containing emulsion part can be subjected to physicochemical treatment through a demulsification system, high-temperature demulsification treatment is carried out at the temperature of more than 85 ℃, the separation of the oil part and water is further realized, the effluent water can be recycled to a cutting fluid collecting device after being cooled, the effluent water participates in recycling, and the oil part is sent to a ton barrel/iron barrel through an oil pump and is sent to a qualification unit for comprehensive utilization.
The whole treatment system is a physicochemical treatment method, the emulsified oil and salt are effectively separated by adopting fractional concentration, the hazardous waste reduction reaches more than 98%, no medicament is added in the treatment process, the oil content of the recovered emulsified oil reaches more than 95%, and the ammonia nitrogen complexed in the waste cutting fluid is effectively separated by combining the application of an evaporation and deamination membrane, so that the zero emission of nitrogen and phosphorus in the waste water is realized.
Preferably, the filter is an activated carbon filter, and the activated carbon is columnar activated carbon, so that the surface tension of water can be increased, and the removal effect of surface active substances can be improved.
Preferably, the tubular membrane system is an organic tubular membrane, the membrane aperture is 20-50 nm, and the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
For example, the membrane pore size may be 20nm, 30nm, 40nm or 50 nm;
the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system may be 0.1MPa, 0.35MPa, 0.45MPa or 0.5 MPa.
The conventional tubular membrane mostly adopts a silicon carbide membrane or a ceramic membrane, the general aperture is large, more than 50nm, the aperture is uniform, the membrane is uniform and symmetrical, the effective separation of the emulsion wastewater and the salt-containing wastewater in the cutting waste liquid can not be realized well, the effluent separation effect is unstable, and the subsequent treatment of the salt-containing wastewater and the oil-containing wastewater is not facilitated. The organic membrane with the membrane aperture of 20-50 nm is preferably selected, the organic membrane is hydrophilic and non-lipophilic, the membrane aperture is not uniform and is non-uniform and symmetrical, effective interception of oil drops and emulsified oil drops can be effectively realized, oil-water separation is better realized, and the effluent quality is clear and transparent.
The operation pressure of the tubular membrane is the key for realizing oil-water separation, the tubular membrane (composite membrane) can be damaged due to overlarge operation pressure, the service life of the membrane is shortened, the cross flow speed of the material and the membrane layer can be reduced due to undersize operation pressure, and the separation efficiency of the material is influenced, so that the treatment pressure of the tubular membrane is preferably 0.1-0.5 MPa, and preferably 0.4-0.5 MPa.
In order to better protect the organic tubular membrane and avoid the damage of metal impurities and the like to the membrane surface, a tubular membrane system is provided with a pipeline filter before membrane feeding, and the pore diameter of the filter is 20-100 mu m.
Preferably, the organic tubular membrane is a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, the membrane aperture is 20-30 nm, the material is acid and alkali resistant, flux is easily recovered through reasonable acid and alkali washing after fouling and plugging, and the material of the membrane is not damaged.
Preferably, the die hole of the organic tubular membrane is a funnel hole with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, so that dirt and blocking substances are easier to be trapped on the surface of the die hole, the dirt and the blocking are difficult to occur, and the cleaning and the recovery are easy.
Preferably, the operating pressure of the multi-stage RO system is 0.5-2 MPa. The operating pressure of the multi-stage RO water treatment system influences the desalination rate/water yield of salt-containing wastewater, the operating pressure of the multi-stage RO system is controlled within 0.5-2 MPa, and COD, salinity and NP substances are effectively removed step by gradually reducing the operating pressure.
Preferably, the deamination membrane system is composed of 3-4-level deamination membrane units, and the deamination membrane is made of a PP hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane. The PP hollow fiber membrane has the characteristics of acid and alkali resistance, high and low temperature resistance, microbial attack resistance, oxidation resistance and the like, has a hydrophobic effect superior to other membrane materials, is not easy to break, and has high gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency.
Preferably, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the absorption liquid of the deamination membrane system is 30-60%. The acidity of the sulfuric acid in the absorption liquid is too high, the high-degree sulfuric acid has strong oxidizing property, and the absorption process is a heat release process and irreversible damage to the membrane; the acidity of the sulfuric acid in the absorption liquid is too low, the concentration of the absorbed ammonium sulfate solution is low, and the direct utilization value and the disposal cost are high.
In the deamination membrane system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid in the feed liquid is further preferably 30-40%. And (3) diluting the ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the deamination membrane sulfuric acid to produce an ammonium sulfate solution, wherein the ammonium sulfate can be subsequently crystallized and utilized for a nitrogen fertilizer, the sulfuric acid solution can be recycled, and the preparation of industrial-grade pure water can be considered for purifying the produced water.
Preferably, the evaporation temperature of the normal-temperature evaporation system is 35-40 ℃. Concentrated waste liquid of the normal-temperature evaporation multistage RO water treatment system does not need to be provided with a heat source, and an automatic refrigerating system and scraper equipment are arranged in the concentrated waste liquid, so that the high-efficiency and energy-saving effects can be realized.
Preferably, the evaporation temperature of the demulsification system is 95-105 ℃, and the oil outlet temperature is 120-135 ℃. The evaporation temperature of the demulsification system needs to consider water evaporation, simultaneously realizes demulsification of a water-in-oil structure, recovers oil components in the water-in-oil structure, and can gradually realize demulsification separation when oil products are heated to more than 90 ℃, so that the demulsification can be realized in the temperature range, the water after demulsification can be effectively evaporated, and meanwhile, components with lower flash points in the oil products can be evaporated, thereby being beneficial to improving the quality of the oil products.
All parts of the whole treatment system can realize full-automatic skid-mounting, and the whole process meets the requirement of self-disposal facilities of waste production enterprises.
The invention also provides a method for treating the waste cutting fluid, which adopts a waste cutting fluid comprehensive treatment system to treat the waste cutting fluid, and comprises the following steps:
s1, pumping waste cutting fluid to be treated into a tubular membrane system from a collecting tank to realize separation of cutting emulsion and water, feeding filtrate into a circulating tank, and feeding the emulsion into an oil-water concentrated solution tank;
s2, pumping the filtrate in the circulating tank into a multi-stage RO system for desalting and removing COD, enabling RO produced water to enter a preparation tank, and discharging RO concentrated solution into an RO concentrated solution tank;
s3, pumping the filtrate in the preparation tank into a filter, removing surface active substances, then feeding the filtrate into a deamination membrane system, converting ammonia nitrogen into an ammonium sulfate solution, feeding the effluent into a water production tank, and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard or recycling the effluent;
s4, enabling concentrated liquid in the oil-water concentrated liquid tank to enter a demulsification system for high-temperature demulsification and oil-water separation, and enabling evaporated water to enter a collection tank for retreatment after cooling; the evaporated oil product is sent out for comprehensive utilization;
and S5, enabling concentrated solution in the RO concentrated solution tank to enter a normal-temperature evaporation system for evaporation crystallization, enabling evaporated water to enter a collection tank for retreatment, and collecting evaporated residues through a scraper and then delivering the residues to the outside for treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid, which realizes effective separation of oil-containing wastewater and salt-containing wastewater through a special organic membrane, wherein different evaporation processes are adopted for concentration treatment in an oil-containing concentrated solution section and a wastewater concentrated solution section according to material characteristics, emulsion is converted into emulsified oil, the emulsified oil can be recycled, an organic matter desalting and removing section is converted into hazardous waste and waste salt for disposal, pure physical separation is carried out in the whole process, the utilization of the emulsified oil is realized, the effluent reaches the standard for recycling, the hazardous waste reduction is up to 98%, and the hazardous waste disposal cost is greatly reduced.
The comprehensive treatment system for the waste cutting fluid disclosed by the invention adopts an RO (reverse osmosis) graded water treatment system in combination with the application of evaporation and deamination membranes, so that the effective separation of ammonia nitrogen in saline wastewater is realized, the low discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater is realized, the ammonia nitrogen is recycled to prepare an ammonium sulfate product, and the utilization rate of the ammonia nitrogen is up to more than 90%.
The comprehensive treatment system for the waste cutting fluid adopts a concentration demulsification technology to treat the oily wastewater, and realizes the recovery of the emulsified oil with an oil content of 95% without adding any medicament.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for comprehensively utilizing and disposing of a waste cutting fluid.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the examples in any way. The starting reagents employed in the examples of the present invention are, unless otherwise specified, those that are conventionally purchased.
Example 1
A comprehensive utilization and disposal system for waste cutting fluid is shown in figure 1 and comprises a cutting fluid collecting device 1, a tubular membrane system 2, a circulating tank 3, a multi-stage RO system 4, a preparation tank 5, a filter 6, a deamination membrane system 7, a water production tank 8, a sulfuric acid tank 9, an RO concentrated solution tank 10, a normal temperature evaporation system 11, an oil-water concentrated solution tank 12 and a demulsification system 13,
wherein the tubular membrane system is a PVDF organic tubular membrane, the aperture of the membrane is 30nm, the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system is 0.45MPa,
the operating pressure of the multi-stage RO system is 2.0MPa at the first stage and 1.2MPa at the second stage; three-stage 0.6MPa
The deamination membrane system is composed of 3-level deamination membrane units, and the deamination membrane material is a PP hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane.
The cutting waste liquid treatment by adopting the comprehensive utilization and disposal system for the waste cutting liquid comprises the following steps:
s1, an outlet of a waste cutting fluid collecting tank is connected with a feeding end of a tubular membrane system, the tubular membrane system is provided with a pipeline filter for intercepting large-aperture particles and mechanical impurities, effluent of the tubular membrane system enters a circulating tank, concentrated fluid is discharged to an oil-water concentrated fluid tank on line or flows back to the collecting tank, and the concentrated fluid is uniformly pumped into the oil-water concentrated fluid tank after a certain concentration;
s2, an outlet of the circulating tank is connected with a feed end of the RO multi-stage system, effluent enters the preparation tank, concentrated solution is discharged to an RO concentrated solution tank on line or flows back to the preparation tank, the concentrated solution is uniformly pumped into the concentrated solution tank after certain concentration, biochemical first-stage RO is carried out, second-stage RO, reclaimed water third-stage RO and pure water 4-stage RO systems are taken over;
s3, lifting the outlet water of the preparation tank to an active carbon filter through a pump machine to increase the surface tension, and connecting the outlet water of the filter to a deamination membrane system, wherein the concentration of the sulfuric acid in a receiving solution is 30 percent, and the outlet water of the deamination membrane system enters a water production tank and is reused for production and enters a biochemical system or is discharged through a connecting pipe as required;
and S4, an outlet of the oil-water concentrated solution tank is connected with an emulsified oil evaporation demulsification system, water in the oil is evaporated by using the high temperature of 95-105 ℃, the high temperature demulsification of emulsified oil drops is realized by using the high temperature, the water is released, the oil content is improved, the evaporated water enters a collection tank after being cooled, and the collected concentrated oil is treated by qualified units.
And S5, lifting the RO concentrated solution tank into a normal-temperature evaporation system through a pump, evaporating water in the concentrated solution at 35-40 ℃ and sending the evaporated water into a collection tank, and collecting residues through a scraper plate to treat the residues as hazardous wastes.
The specific treatment effect is as follows:
the waste cutting fluid is lifted to a collecting pool, the COD of the raw water is 100000 mg/L, the waste cutting fluid is lifted to a tubular membrane separation system by a pump machine for oil-water separation, the effluent is light yellow transparent liquid, the COD value is 6500 and 10000 mg/L, the effluent enters a circulating tank, the concentrated solution is milky and viscous, the COD value is 800000 and 1000000 mg/L, and the concentrated solution enters an oil-water concentrated solution tank, and the water yield is 95%.
The water quality of the circulating tank is pumped into a multi-stage RO system, the first-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 800-1200 mg/L, the first-stage RO effluent can enter a biochemical system or be used for preparing emulsion again, the second-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 200-500 mg/L, the second-stage RO effluent can be discharged through a pipe or used for preparing emulsion, the COD value of the third-stage RO system is 40-60 mg/L, the water can be recycled or used for preparing emulsion, and the RO effluent enters a preparation.
The water quality in the preparation tank is lifted by a pump machine and enters a filter, the surface tension is increased, the condition that RO produced water permeates to one side of a sulfuric acid absorption liquid and enters a deamination membrane system because the surface tension is too small is avoided, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the RO produced water is increased to 5 mg/L from 100 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is more than 95%;
lifting the RO concentrated solution to an RO concentrated solution tank through a pump machine, and entering a normal-temperature evaporation system; the COD of the evaporated water is low, but oil drops are carried in the evaporated water sometimes, so that the evaporated water is finally returned to the collecting tank for oil removal and retreatment; the residue is loaded into a ton barrel to be treated as hazardous waste, and the reduction of concentrated solution reaches more than 95 percent;
concentrated liquid in the oil-water concentrated liquid tank enters a normal-pressure evaporation system, COD (chemical oxygen demand) of evaporated water is high, and floating oil is carried in the evaporated water, so that the evaporated water finally returns to a collection tank for oil removal and retreatment; after high-temperature demulsification, the emulsified oil is collected in an iron bucket and is delivered to qualified units for comprehensive utilization, the volume reduction rate of concentrated solution reaches over 90 percent, and the oil content of oil products reaches 95 percent.
After 100 tons of oily water are treated, 10 tons of oil inlet water concentrated solution tanks are arranged, 1 ton of oil products are produced finally, 18 tons of oil products enter a normal-temperature evaporation system, and finally, 0.9 ton of residues is generated, and the total amount of hazardous wastes is reduced by 98.1%.
Example 2
A comprehensive utilization and disposal system for waste cutting fluid is shown in figure 1 and comprises a cutting fluid collecting device 1, a tubular membrane system 2, a circulating tank 3, a multi-stage RO system 4, a preparation tank 5, a filter 6, a deamination membrane system 7, a water production tank 8, a sulfuric acid tank 9, an RO concentrated solution tank 10, a normal temperature evaporation system 11, an oil-water concentrated solution tank 12 and a demulsification system 13,
the main differences from example 1 are:
wherein the tubular membrane system is a PVDF organic tubular membrane, the aperture of the membrane is 40nm, and the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system is 0.35MPa,
the operating pressure of the multi-stage RO system is 1.5MPa at the first stage and 1.0MPa at the second stage; three-stage at 0.5 MPa.
The cutting waste liquid treatment by adopting the comprehensive utilization and disposal system for the waste cutting liquid comprises the following steps:
s1, an outlet of a waste cutting fluid collecting tank is connected with a feeding end of a tubular membrane system, the tubular membrane system is provided with a pipeline filter for intercepting large-aperture particles and mechanical impurities, effluent of the tubular membrane system enters a circulating tank, concentrated fluid is discharged to an oil-water concentrated fluid tank on line or flows back to the collecting tank, and the concentrated fluid is uniformly pumped into the oil-water concentrated fluid tank after a certain concentration;
s2, an outlet of the circulating tank is connected with a feed end of the RO multi-stage system, effluent enters the preparation tank, concentrated solution is discharged to an RO concentrated solution tank on line or flows back to the preparation tank, the concentrated solution is uniformly pumped into the concentrated solution tank after certain concentration, biochemical first-stage RO is carried out, second-stage RO, reclaimed water third-stage RO and pure water 4-stage RO systems are taken over;
s3, lifting the outlet water of the preparation tank to an active carbon filter through a pump machine to increase the surface tension, and connecting the outlet water of the filter to a deamination membrane system, wherein the concentration of the sulfuric acid in a receiving solution is 30 percent, and the outlet water of the deamination membrane system enters a water production tank and is reused for production and enters a biochemical system or is discharged through a connecting pipe as required;
s4, an outlet of the oil-water concentrated solution tank is connected with an emulsified oil evaporation demulsification system, water in oil is evaporated by using the high temperature of 95-105 ℃, the high temperature demulsification of emulsified oil drops is realized by using the high temperature, the water is released, the oil content is improved, the evaporated water enters a collection tank after being cooled, and the collected concentrated oil is handed to qualified units for disposal.
And S5, lifting the RO concentrated solution tank into a normal-temperature evaporation system through a pump, evaporating the water in the concentrated solution at 35-40 ℃, conveying the evaporated water into a collection tank, and collecting residues through a scraper plate to be treated as hazardous waste.
The specific treatment effect is as follows:
and lifting the waste cutting fluid into a collecting pool, lifting the waste cutting fluid to a tubular membrane separation system by a pump machine for oil-water separation, wherein the COD of the raw water is 100000 mg/L, the effluent is a light yellow transparent liquid, the COD value is 5000-12000 mg/L, the effluent enters a circulating tank, the concentrated solution is milky and viscous, the COD value is 800000-1000000 mg/L, and the concentrated solution enters an oil-water concentrated solution tank, and the water yield is 90%.
The water quality of the circulating tank is pumped into a multi-stage RO system, the first-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 300-1500 mg/L, the first-stage RO effluent can enter a biochemical system or be used for preparing emulsion again, the second-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 100-300 mg/L, the second-stage RO effluent can be discharged through a pipe or used for preparing emulsion, the COD value of the third-stage RO system is 30-60 mg/L, the water can be recycled or used for preparing emulsion, and the RO effluent enters a preparation.
The water quality in the preparation tank is lifted by a pump machine and enters a filter, the surface tension is increased, the condition that RO produced water permeates to one side of a sulfuric acid absorption liquid and enters a deamination membrane system because the surface tension is too small is avoided, the ammonia nitrogen in the RO produced water is reduced to 8 mg/L from 120 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is about 93.4 percent;
lifting the RO concentrated solution to an RO concentrated solution tank through a pump machine, and entering a normal-temperature evaporation system; the COD of the evaporated water is low, but oil drops are carried in the evaporated water sometimes, so that the evaporated water is finally returned to the collecting tank for oil removal and retreatment; the residue is loaded into a ton barrel to be treated as hazardous waste, and the reduction of concentrated solution reaches 95 percent;
concentrated liquid in the oil-water concentrated liquid tank enters a normal-pressure evaporation system, COD (chemical oxygen demand) of evaporated water is high, and floating oil is carried in the evaporated water, so that the evaporated water finally returns to a collection tank for oil removal and retreatment; after high-temperature demulsification, the emulsified oil is collected in an iron bucket and is delivered to qualified units for comprehensive utilization, the volume reduction rate of concentrated liquid reaches 90%, and the oil content of oil products reaches 95%.
After 100 tons of oily water are treated, 10 tons of oil inlet water concentrated solution tanks are arranged, 1 ton of oil products are produced finally, 18 tons of oil products enter a normal-temperature evaporation system, and finally, 0.9 ton of residues is generated, and the total amount of hazardous wastes is reduced by 98.1%.
Example 3
A comprehensive utilization and disposal system for waste cutting fluid is shown in figure 1 and comprises a cutting fluid collecting device 1, a tubular membrane system 2, a circulating tank 3, a multi-stage RO system 4, a preparation tank 5, a filter 6, a deamination membrane system 7, a water production tank 8, a sulfuric acid tank 9, an RO concentrated solution tank 10, a normal temperature evaporation system 11, an oil-water concentrated solution tank 12 and a demulsification system 13,
the main differences from example 1 are:
wherein the tubular membrane system is a PVDF organic tubular membrane, the membrane aperture is 50nm, and the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system is 0.35MPa,
the operating pressure of the multi-stage RO system is 1.8MPa at the first stage and 1.2MPa at the second stage; three-stage 0.8 MPa.
The cutting waste liquid treatment by adopting the comprehensive utilization and disposal system for the waste cutting liquid comprises the following steps:
s1, an outlet of a waste cutting fluid collecting tank is connected with a feeding end of a tubular membrane system, the tubular membrane system is provided with a pipeline filter for intercepting large-aperture particles and mechanical impurities, effluent of the tubular membrane system enters a circulating tank, concentrated fluid is discharged to an oil-water concentrated fluid tank on line or flows back to the collecting tank, and the concentrated fluid is uniformly pumped into the oil-water concentrated fluid tank after a certain concentration;
s2, an outlet of the circulating tank is connected with a feed end of the RO multi-stage system, effluent enters the preparation tank, concentrated solution is discharged to an RO concentrated solution tank on line or flows back to the preparation tank, the concentrated solution is uniformly pumped into the concentrated solution tank after certain concentration, biochemical first-stage RO is carried out, second-stage RO, reclaimed water third-stage RO and pure water 4-stage RO systems are taken over;
s3, lifting the outlet water of the preparation tank to an active carbon filter through a pump machine to increase the surface tension, and connecting the outlet water of the filter to a deamination membrane system, wherein the concentration of the sulfuric acid in a receiving solution is 30 percent, and the outlet water of the deamination membrane system enters a water production tank and is reused for production and enters a biochemical system or is discharged through a connecting pipe as required;
s4, an outlet of the oil-water concentrated solution tank is connected with an emulsified oil evaporation demulsification system, water in oil is evaporated by using the high temperature of 95-105 ℃, the high temperature demulsification of emulsified oil drops is realized by using the high temperature, the water is released, the oil content is improved, the evaporated water enters a collection tank after being cooled, and the collected concentrated oil is handed to qualified units for disposal.
And S5, lifting the RO concentrated solution tank into a normal-temperature evaporation system through a pump, evaporating the water in the concentrated solution at 35-40 ℃, conveying the evaporated water into a collection tank, and collecting residues through a scraper plate to be treated as hazardous waste.
The specific treatment effect is as follows:
the waste cutting fluid is lifted to a collecting pool, the COD of raw water is 100000 mg/L, the waste cutting fluid is lifted to a tubular membrane separation system by a pump machine for oil-water separation, the effluent is light yellow transparent liquid, the COD value is 5000-10000 mg/L, the effluent enters a circulating tank, the concentrated solution is milky and viscous, the COD value is 900000-950000 mg/L, the concentrated solution enters an oil-water concentrated solution tank, and the water yield is 85%.
The water quality of the circulating tank is pumped into a multi-stage RO system, the first-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 800-1800 mg/L, the first-stage RO effluent can enter a biochemical system or be used for preparing emulsion again, the second-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 300-500 mg/L, the second-stage RO effluent can be discharged through a pipe or be used for preparing emulsion, the COD value of the third-stage RO system is 40-60 mg/L, the water can be recycled or used for preparing emulsion, and the RO effluent enters a.
The water quality in the preparation tank is lifted by a pump machine and enters a filter, so that the surface tension is increased, the condition that RO produced water permeates to one side of a sulfuric acid absorption liquid and enters a deamination membrane system due to too small surface tension is avoided, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the RO produced water is reduced to 10 mg/L from 140 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 92.9%;
lifting the RO concentrated solution to an RO concentrated solution tank through a pump machine, and entering a normal-temperature evaporation system; the COD of the evaporated water is low, but oil drops are carried in the evaporated water sometimes, so that the evaporated water is finally returned to the collecting tank for oil removal and retreatment; the residue is loaded into a ton barrel to be treated as hazardous waste, and the reduction of concentrated solution reaches 95 percent;
concentrated liquid in the oil-water concentrated liquid tank enters a normal-pressure evaporation system, COD (chemical oxygen demand) of evaporated water is high, and floating oil is carried in the evaporated water, so that the evaporated water finally returns to a collection tank for oil removal and retreatment; after high-temperature demulsification, the emulsified oil is collected in an iron bucket and is delivered to qualified units for comprehensive utilization, the volume reduction rate of concentrated liquid reaches 90%, and the oil content of oil products reaches 95%.
After 100 tons of oily water are treated, 10 tons of oil inlet water concentrated solution tanks are arranged, 1 ton of oil products are produced finally, 18 tons of oil products enter a normal-temperature evaporation system, and finally, 0.9 ton of residues is generated, and the total amount of hazardous wastes is reduced by 98.1%.
Comparative example 1
A comprehensive utilization and disposal system for waste cutting fluid is shown in figure 1 and comprises a cutting fluid collecting device 1, a tubular membrane system 2, a circulating tank 3, a multi-stage RO system 4, a preparation tank 5, a filter 6, a deamination membrane system 7, a water production tank 8, a sulfuric acid tank 9, an RO concentrated solution tank 10, a normal temperature evaporation system 11, an oil-water concentrated solution tank 12 and a demulsification system 13,
wherein the tubular membrane system is a ceramic membrane, the membrane aperture is 50nm, and the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system is 0.15 MPa.
The ceramic membrane has large aperture, is selective to cutting fluid, has high effluent turbidity, and is not suitable for being matched with an RO system.
Comparative example 2
A comprehensive utilization and disposal system for waste cutting fluid is shown in figure 1 and comprises a cutting fluid collecting device 1, a tubular membrane system 2, a circulating tank 3, a multi-stage RO system 4, a preparation tank 5, a filter 6, a deamination membrane system 7, a water production tank 8, a sulfuric acid tank 9, an RO concentrated solution tank 10, a normal temperature evaporation system 11, an oil-water concentrated solution tank 12 and a demulsification system 13,
wherein the tubular membrane system is a silicon carbide membrane, the membrane aperture is 10nm, and the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system is 0.3MPa,
the operating pressure of the multi-stage RO system is 1.8MPa at the first stage and 1.2MPa at the second stage; three-stage 0.8MPa
The deamination membrane system is composed of 3-level deamination membrane units, and the deamination membrane material is a PP hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane.
The cutting waste liquid treatment by adopting the comprehensive utilization and disposal system for the waste cutting liquid comprises the following steps:
s1, an outlet of a waste cutting fluid collecting tank is connected with a feeding end of a tubular membrane system, the tubular membrane system is provided with a pipeline filter for intercepting large-aperture particles and mechanical impurities, effluent of the tubular membrane system enters a circulating tank, concentrated fluid is discharged to an oil-water concentrated fluid tank on line or flows back to the collecting tank, and the concentrated fluid is uniformly pumped into the oil-water concentrated fluid tank after a certain concentration;
s2, an outlet of the circulating tank is connected with a feed end of the RO multi-stage system, effluent enters the preparation tank, concentrated solution is discharged to an RO concentrated solution tank on line or flows back to the preparation tank, the concentrated solution is uniformly pumped into the concentrated solution tank after certain concentration, biochemical first-stage RO is carried out, second-stage RO, reclaimed water third-stage RO and pure water 4-stage RO systems are taken over;
s3, lifting the outlet water of the preparation tank to an active carbon filter through a pump machine to increase the surface tension, and connecting the outlet water of the filter to a deamination membrane system, wherein the concentration of the sulfuric acid in a receiving solution is 60%, and the outlet water of the deamination membrane system enters a water production tank and is reused for production and enters a biochemical system or is discharged through a connecting pipe as required;
and S4, an outlet of the oil-water concentrated solution tank is connected with an emulsified oil evaporation demulsification system, water in the oil is evaporated by using the high temperature of 95-105 ℃, the high temperature demulsification of emulsified oil drops is realized by using the high temperature, the water is released, the oil content is improved, the evaporated water enters a collection tank after being cooled, and the collected concentrated oil is treated by qualified units.
And S5, lifting the RO concentrated solution tank into a normal-temperature evaporation system through a pump, evaporating water in the concentrated solution at 35-40 ℃ and sending the evaporated water into a collection tank, and collecting residues through a scraper plate to treat the residues as hazardous wastes.
The specific treatment effect is as follows:
the waste cutting fluid is lifted to a collecting pool, the COD of raw water is 100000 mg/L, the waste cutting fluid is lifted to a tubular membrane separation system by a pump machine for oil-water separation, the effluent is light yellow transparent liquid, the COD value is 8000-20000 mg/L, the effluent enters a circulating tank, the concentrated solution is milky and viscous, the COD value is 600000-900000 mg/L, the concentrated solution enters an oil-water concentrated solution tank, and the water yield is 70%.
The water quality of the circulating tank is pumped into a multistage RO system, the first-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 1000-2200 mg/L, the first-stage RO effluent can enter a biochemical system or be used for preparing emulsion again, the second-stage RO effluent is colorless and transparent, the COD value is 500-1200 mg/L, the second-stage RO effluent can be discharged through a pipe or used for preparing emulsion, the COD value of the third-stage RO system is 60-150 mg/L, the water can be recycled or used for preparing emulsion, and the RO effluent enters a preparation tank.
The water quality in the preparation tank is lifted by a pump machine and enters a filter, so that the surface tension is increased, the condition that RO produced water permeates to one side of a sulfuric acid absorption liquid and enters a deamination membrane system because the surface tension is too small is avoided, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the RO produced water is reduced to 15 mg/L from 150 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is 90%;
lifting the RO concentrated solution to an RO concentrated solution tank through a pump machine, and entering a normal-temperature evaporation system; the COD of the evaporated water is low, but oil drops are carried in the evaporated water sometimes, so that the evaporated water is finally returned to the collecting tank for oil removal and retreatment; the residue is loaded into a ton barrel to be treated as hazardous waste, and the reduction of concentrated solution reaches 90 percent;
concentrated liquid in the oil-water concentrated liquid tank enters a normal-pressure evaporation system, COD (chemical oxygen demand) of evaporated water is high, and floating oil is carried in the evaporated water, so that the evaporated water finally returns to a collection tank for oil removal and retreatment; after high-temperature demulsification, the emulsified oil is collected in an iron bucket and is delivered to a qualified unit for comprehensive utilization, the volume reduction rate of the concentrated solution reaches 90%, and the oil content of the oil product reaches 90%.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid is characterized by comprising a waste cutting fluid collecting device (1), a tubular membrane system (2), a circulating tank (3), a multi-stage RO system (4), a preparation tank (5), a filter (6), a deamination membrane system (7), a water production tank (8), a sulfuric acid tank (9), an RO concentrated solution tank (10), a normal temperature evaporation system (11), an oil-water concentrated solution tank (12) and a demulsification system (13),
the cutting fluid collecting device (1) is connected with the liquid inlet end of the tubular membrane system (2), the liquid outlet end of the tubular membrane system (2) is respectively connected with the liquid inlet ends of the circulating tank (3) and the oil-water concentrated solution tank (12),
the liquid outlet end of the circulating tank (3) is connected with the liquid inlet of the RO system (4), the water outlet end of the RO system (4) is connected with the liquid inlet end of the preparation tank (5), the concentrated liquid end of the RO system (4) is connected with the liquid inlet end of the RO concentrated liquid tank (10),
the preparation tank (5), the filter (6), the deamination membrane system (7) and the water production tank (8) are sequentially connected, the sulfuric acid tank (9) is connected with the deamination membrane system (7),
the oil-water concentrated solution tank (12) is sequentially connected with the demulsification system (13), the water outlet end of the demulsification system (13) is connected with the cutting fluid collecting device (1),
the RO concentrated solution tank (10) is connected with a normal-temperature evaporation system (11), and the water outlet end of the normal-temperature evaporation system (11) is connected with the cutting fluid collecting device (1).
2. The comprehensive treatment system for the waste cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the tubular membrane system is an organic tubular membrane, the pore diameter of the membrane is 20-50 nm, and the operating pressure of the tubular membrane system is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
3. The comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid according to claim 2, wherein the organic tubular membrane is a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane having a pore size of 20 to 30 nm.
4. The comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid as claimed in claim 3, wherein the orifice of the organic tubular membrane is a funnel orifice having a wide top and a narrow bottom.
5. The comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the operating pressure of the multistage RO system is 0.5 to 2 MPa.
6. The comprehensive treatment system for the waste cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the deamination membrane system is composed of 3-4 stages of deamination membrane units, and the deamination membrane is made of a PP hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane.
7. The comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid according to claim 6, wherein the feed sulfuric acid concentration of the deamination membrane system is 30-60%.
8. The comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation temperature of the normal temperature evaporation system is 35 to 40 ℃.
9. The comprehensive treatment system for waste cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation temperature of the demulsification system is 95-105 ℃, and the oil outlet temperature is 120-135 ℃.
10. A method for treating a waste cutting fluid, characterized in that the waste cutting fluid is treated by the comprehensive treatment system for a waste cutting fluid as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, pumping waste cutting fluid to be treated into a tubular membrane system from a collecting tank to realize separation of cutting emulsion and water, feeding filtrate into a circulating tank, and feeding the emulsion into an oil-water concentrated solution tank;
s2, pumping the filtrate in the circulating tank into a multi-stage RO system for desalting and removing COD, enabling RO produced water to enter a preparation tank, and discharging RO concentrated solution into an RO concentrated solution tank;
s3, pumping the filtrate in the preparation tank into a filter, removing surface active substances, then feeding the filtrate into a deamination membrane system, converting ammonia nitrogen into an ammonium sulfate solution, feeding the effluent into a water production tank, and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard or recycling the effluent;
s4, enabling concentrated liquid in the oil-water concentrated liquid tank to enter a demulsification system for high-temperature demulsification and oil-water separation, and enabling evaporated water to enter a collection tank for retreatment after cooling; the evaporated oil product is sent out for comprehensive utilization;
and S5, enabling concentrated solution in the RO concentrated solution tank to enter a normal-temperature evaporation system for evaporation crystallization, enabling evaporated water to enter a collection tank for retreatment, and collecting evaporated residues through a scraper and then delivering the residues to the outside for treatment.
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