CN111477960B - Electrolyte and lithium ion battery using same - Google Patents
Electrolyte and lithium ion battery using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111477960B CN111477960B CN202010482226.5A CN202010482226A CN111477960B CN 111477960 B CN111477960 B CN 111477960B CN 202010482226 A CN202010482226 A CN 202010482226A CN 111477960 B CN111477960 B CN 111477960B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrolyte and a lithium ion battery using the same, wherein the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, a nonaqueous organic solvent and an additive, the additive comprises a cyclic sulfimide compound, the cyclic sulfimide compound is at least one of the following compound 1 and compound 2, R1 and R8 are respectively and independently selected from any one of hydrogen and alkali metal, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13 and R14 are respectively and independently selected from any one of hydrogen, halogen, oxygen-containing hydrocarbyl, silicon-containing hydrocarbyl and cyano-substituted hydrocarbyl, and m and n are integers of 0-3. The electrolyte can promote the formation of a compact SEI film with good thermodynamic stability, and further improves the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to an electrolyte and a lithium ion battery using the same.
Background
The lithium ion battery is a secondary battery, has the obvious advantages of high specific energy, large specific power, long cycle life, small self-discharge and the like, is widely applied to electronic products such as mobile communication, digital cameras, video cameras and the like, and becomes a hotspot for the development of energy storage and power batteries.
Although the variety of lithium ion battery products is more and more abundant, the battery capacity of most lithium ion batteries is rapidly attenuated when the lithium ion batteries are used in a high-temperature environment, mainly because lithium ions and electrolyte form a solid electrolyte interface film (SEI) on the surface of a positive electrode in the first charging process of the lithium ion batteries, the SEI is easily damaged in the high-temperature cycle process, the exposed surface of the positive electrode continuously consumes the electrolyte and forms a new SEI film, so that the battery capacity is reduced, and the quality of the SEI film is particularly important for the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion batteries. Since the SEI film is composed of decomposition products of the electrolyte, the components of the electrolyte largely determine the quality of the SEI film. It is important to find that a certain solvent or additive in the electrolyte can react on the surface of the cathode material to form a good and dense SEI film, so that the decomposition of the electrolyte solvent is relieved, the irreversible capacity is reduced, and the high-temperature cycle and storage performance of the electrolyte are improved.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop an electrolyte capable of forming an excellent SEI film and a lithium ion battery using the same to solve the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrolyte which can promote the formation of a compact and thermodynamically stable SEI film so as to improve the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of a lithium ion battery.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a lithium ion battery having the above electrolyte, which has better high temperature storage and high temperature cycle performance.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and an additive, the additive comprising a cyclic sulfonimide compound, the cyclic sulfonimide compound being at least one of the following compound 1 and compound 2:
wherein R is1、R8Each independently selected from any one of hydrogen and alkali metal, R2、R3、R4、R5、 R6、R7、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、R14Each independently selected from any one of hydrogen, halogen, oxygen-containing hydrocarbon group, silicon-containing hydrocarbon group and cyano-containing substituted hydrocarbon group, wherein m and n are integers of 0 to 3.
Compared with the prior art, the cyclic sulfimide compound is introduced as an additive, so that the steric hindrance is lower, the cyclic sulfimide compound can promote the formation of a compact and thermodynamically stable SEI film, and the SEI film is difficult to damage even under high temperature, high voltage and other deteriorating environments, so that the reaction of a positive electrode material and an electrolyte is reduced to ensure the stability of the battery capacity, and the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery are improved.
Preferably, the cyclic sulfimide compound of the invention is a mixture of compound 1 and compound 2, and the weight ratio is 1: 1.
Preferably, the mass of the cyclic sulfimide compound accounts for 0.1-5% of the total mass of the electrolyte; specifically, the mass of the cyclic sulfimide compound may be, but is not limited to, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% of the total mass of the electrolytic solution. When the mass of the cyclic sulfimide compound is less than 0.1% of the total mass of the electrolyte, a compact SEI film is difficult to form on the surface of the positive electrode active material, and the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of the SEI film are poor; when the mass of the cyclic sulfimide compound is more than 5% of the total mass of the electrolyte, the formed SEI film is thicker, and the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery are not improved.
Preferably, the cyclic sulfimide compound of the present invention is any one of the following formulas 1 to 7:
preferably, the lithium salt of the present invention is LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiBOB、LiDFOB、LiFAP、 LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiCF3SO3、LiN(SO2CF3)2、LiN(SO2C2F5)2、LiN(SO2C4F9)2、 LiC(SO2CF3)3、LiPF2(C2O4)2、LiPF4(C2O4)、LiB(CF3)4Or LiBF3(C2F5) At least one kind or two or more kinds of them.
Preferably, the concentration of the lithium salt of the present invention in the electrolyte is 0.5 to 2.5 mol/L.
Preferably, the non-aqueous organic solvent of the present invention is one or more of Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Propylene Carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC), γ -butyrolactone (GBL), Methyl Acetate (MA), Ethyl Acetate (EA), propyl acetate (EP), Butyl Acetate (BA), Ethyl Propionate (EP), Propyl Propionate (PP), and Butyl Propionate (BP).
Preferably, the additive of the present invention further comprises a functional additive, wherein the functional additive is fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO)2F2) Ethylene carbonate (VC), ethylene carbonate (VEC), 1, 3-propane sultone (1,3-PS), 1, 4-Butane Sultone (BS), 1, 3-Propene Sultone (PST), Ethylene Sulfite (ES), vinyl sulfate (DTD), Methylene Methanedisulfonate (MMDS), 4 '-bi-1, 3-dioxolane-2, 2' -dione (BDC); the functional additive can further improve the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the mass of the functional additive of the present invention accounts for 0.5-5.0% of the total mass of the electrolyte, and specifically, the mass of the functional additive may account for, but is not limited to, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% of the total mass of the electrolyte.
The invention provides a lithium ion battery which comprises a positive plate, a negative plate, an isolating membrane arranged between the adjacent positive plate and the negative plate and the electrolyte.
Compared with the prior art, the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery comprises the cyclic sulfonyl imide compound additive, the cyclic sulfonyl imide compound can promote the formation of a denser SEI film with better thermodynamic stability, and the SEI film is difficult to damage even under high temperature, high voltage and other deteriorating environments, so that the reaction of a positive electrode material and the electrolyte is reduced to ensure the stability of the battery capacity, and the high-temperature storage and high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery are improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The reagents used in the following examples are commercially available conventional reagents except for formula 5 and formula 6.
Formula 5 can be prepared by the following preparation method:
taking 1, 1-dioxo-isothiazolidine-3-carboxylic acid compound as a raw material, filtering and recrystallizing under the catalytic oxidation action of silver salt and persulfate to obtain the cyclic sulfimide compound shown in the formula 5. The synthetic route is as follows:
formula 6 can be prepared by the following preparation method:
the cyclic sulfimide compound formula 6 is obtained by taking a 1, 2-ethanedisulfonic acid compound as a raw material, introducing phosphorus trichloride and ammonia gas, reacting at a high temperature, and then separating by column chromatography. The synthetic route is as follows:
example 1
(1) Preparing an electrolyte: preparing electrolyte in a vacuum glove box with the moisture content of less than 1ppm under the argon atmosphere, wherein the electrolyte comprises ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and LiPF6And formula 1. Wherein, ethylene carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate/diethyl carbonate is 3/5/2 (mass ratio), LiPF6Lithium salt concentration of 1.0mol/LThe content of the formula 1 accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the electrolyte, and the electrolyte is obtained by uniformly mixing.
(2) Preparing a positive plate: LiNi prepared from nickel cobalt lithium manganate ternary material0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2Uniformly mixing PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) as an adhesive and SuperP (super P) as a conductive agent according to the mass ratio of 95:1:4 to prepare a lithium ion battery anode slurry with a certain viscosity, coating the mixed slurry on two sides of an aluminum foil, drying and rolling to obtain an anode sheet.
(3) Preparing a negative plate: preparing artificial graphite, a conductive agent SuperP, a thickening agent CMC and a binding agent SBR (styrene butadiene rubber emulsion) into slurry according to the mass ratio of 95:1.5:1.0:2.5, uniformly mixing, coating the mixed slurry on two sides of a copper foil, drying and rolling to obtain the negative plate.
(4) Preparing a lithium ion battery: and (3) preparing the positive plate, the isolating membrane and the negative plate into a square battery core in a lamination mode, packaging by adopting a polymer, filling the prepared electrolyte, and preparing the lithium ion battery with the capacity of 2300mAh after working procedures of formation, capacity grading and the like.
The formulations of the electrolytes of examples 2 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 1, and the procedure for preparing the electrolytes is the same as that of example 1.
TABLE 1 electrolyte composition of examples and comparative examples
Wherein the formula of formula a in comparative example 2 is shown below:
wherein the formula of formula b in comparative example 3 is shown below:
wherein the formula of formula c in comparative example 4 is shown below:
the lithium ion batteries obtained in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to a high temperature storage test and a high temperature cycle performance test in the following manner. The lithium ion battery performance test results are shown in table 2.
1. High-temperature storage test method
And (3) charging and discharging the batteries with the capacity grading completed once at the normal temperature at 1C, fully charging the batteries at 1C, storing the batteries at the high temperature of 70 ℃ for 7d, and taking out the batteries for 1C discharge.
2. High temperature cycle test
The battery is subjected to charge-discharge cycle test at 45 ℃ and 1C/1C for 400 weeks, and the cut-off voltage interval is 3.0-4.4V.
Table 2 lithium ion battery performance test results
As can be seen from table 2, the high-temperature storage performance and the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion batteries of all examples are superior to those of the comparative examples, which indicates that a dense SEI film having high thermodynamic stability and ion conductivity can be formed on the surface of the positive electrode active material by introducing the cyclic sulfonimide compound of the present invention into the electrolyte, and the SEI film can protect the electrolyte from oxidative decomposition even under high temperature, high voltage, and other environments and deterioration environments, ensure the performance of the lithium ion batteries, and improve the high-temperature storage performance and the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion batteries.
Comparing example 7 with comparative example 2, it is found that formula a can improve the high temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery to some extent, but the improvement on the high temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery is not obvious, since formula a is different from formula 5 only in that a benzene ring is present in formula a, this indicates that the presence of the benzene ring is not beneficial to improving the high temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery.
Comparing example 7 with comparative example 3, it was found that formula b is different from formula 5 in improving high temperature storage and high temperature cycle performance of a lithium ion battery, since formula b is different from formula 5 only in that the group of formula b bound to R1 is an O atom, indicating that the group of R1 can improve high temperature storage and high temperature cycle performance of a lithium ion battery only in binding to a specific N.
Comparing example 7 with comparative example 4, it was found that formula c is different from formula 5 in improving high temperature storage and high temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery, since formula c is different from formula 5 only in that formula c is a methyl group combined with N, which indicates that different substituents on N also affect the performance of the lithium ion battery, and that the methyl group has a poor effect of improving the high temperature storage and high temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for technical solution of the present invention and not for limitation of the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above disclosed embodiments, but should cover various modifications, equivalent combinations, made according to the essence of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A lithium ion battery comprises a positive plate, a negative plate and an isolating membrane which is arranged between the adjacent positive plate and the negative plate at intervals, wherein the active substance of the positive plate is LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2The lithium ion battery has a maximum charging voltage of 4.4V, and further comprises an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a compound represented by formula 6 and a compound 1:
wherein R is1Selected from any one of hydrogen and alkali metal, R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7Each independently selected from any one of hydrogen, halogen, oxygen-containing hydrocarbon group, silicon-containing hydrocarbon group and cyano-containing substituted hydrocarbon group, wherein m is an integer of 0 to 3, and the mass ratio of the compound 1 and the compound represented by the formula 6 is 1: 1.
2. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the mass of the additive is 0.1-5% of the total mass of the electrolyte.
3. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the compound 1 is any one of the following formulas 5 and 7:
4. the lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium salt is LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiBOB、LiDFOB、LiFAP、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiCF3SO3、LiN(SO2CF3)2、LiN(SO2C2F5)2、LiN(SO2C4F9)2、LiC(SO2CF3)3、LiPF2(C2O4)2、LiPF4(C2O4)、LiB(CF3)4Or LiBF3(C2F5) At least one kind or two or more kinds of them.
5. The lithium ion battery of claim 4, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5 to 2.5 mol/L.
6. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent is one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, γ -butyrolactone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, and butyl propionate.
7. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the additive further comprises a functional additive, wherein the functional additive is one or more of fluoroethylene carbonate, lithium difluorophosphate, ethylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 1, 3-propane sultone, 1, 4-butane sultone, 1, 3-propene sultone, ethylene sulfite, ethylene sulfate, methylene methanedisulfonate, 4 '-bi-1, 3-dioxolane-2, 2' -dione.
8. The lithium ion battery of claim 7, wherein the functional additive is present in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
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| CN114447428B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-12-05 | 张家港市国泰华荣化工新材料有限公司 | Nonaqueous electrolyte and lithium battery |
| CN112467217A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-09 | 远景动力技术(江苏)有限公司 | Electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
| CN112599853A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-02 | 远景动力技术(江苏)有限公司 | Electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
| CN113437364B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-07-12 | 珠海市赛纬电子材料股份有限公司 | Non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery thereof |
| CN113437363B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-07-12 | 珠海市赛纬电子材料股份有限公司 | Non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery thereof |
| CN114024030B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-09-16 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Non-aqueous electrolyte and battery containing same |
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| CN1215595C (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2005-08-17 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Non aqueous electrolyte and secondary cell using the same |
| CN100347903C (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2007-11-07 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolytic solution and lithium secondary battery |
| JP2008230990A (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-10-02 | Asahi Kasei Corp | Method for producing cyclic sulfonimide compound |
| KR20130099706A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Electrolyte and lithium air battery including the same |
| JP5998292B2 (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-09-28 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ | Use of fluoroisopropyl derivatives as electrolyte additives |
| CN105009347A (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2015-10-28 | 昭和电工株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolyte solution for secondary batteries and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP2014194866A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-09 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Electrolytic solution, electrochemical device, lithium ion secondary battery, module, and cyclic n-acyl sulfonamide compound |
| CN103346349B (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2017-09-29 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and its electrolyte |
| JP2015103288A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-06-04 | ソニー株式会社 | Secondary battery, battery pack, electrically driven vehicle and electric power storage system |
| CN103594729B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-11-18 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of electrolyte for lithium ion battery |
| WO2016158986A1 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | 住友精化株式会社 | Additive for non-aqueous electrolyte, non-aqueous electrolyte, and power storage device |
| CN106920995A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-04 | 张家港市国泰华荣化工新材料有限公司 | A kind of nonaqueous electrolytic solution and electrokinetic cell |
| CN105576283A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-05-11 | 东莞市凯欣电池材料有限公司 | High voltage electrolyte considering high and low temperature performance and lithium ion battery using the electrolyte |
| CN110247116B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2022-04-05 | 珠海市赛纬电子材料股份有限公司 | Non-aqueous electrolyte of lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery using same |
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