CN111466496A - Color-mixing compound feed capable of improving body color of African penaeus monodon and improving quality of African penaeus monodon - Google Patents
Color-mixing compound feed capable of improving body color of African penaeus monodon and improving quality of African penaeus monodon Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/179—Colouring agents, e.g. pigmenting or dyeing agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color of African penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African penaeus monodon. The compound feed comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent: 20-33% of fish meal, 32-40% of soybean meal, 20-25% of flour, 1-3% of kelp powder, 2-8% of peanut meal, 2-5% of soybean lecithin oil, 2-5% of cuttlefish paste, 1-2% of fish oil, 1-2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3-0.5% of vitamin premix, 0.5-1% of mineral premix and 0.05-0.2% of toner. The toner is zeaxanthin and astaxanthin extracted from Phaffia rhodozyma. The color-matching compound feed disclosed by the invention is high in grinding fineness, good in mixing uniformity and good in curing degree, and is beneficial to digestion and absorption of nutrient substances by the African penaeus monodon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compound feed, belongs to the field of aquaculture feeds, and particularly relates to a color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color of African Penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African Penaeus monodon.
Background
The African penaeus monodon can not synthesize astaxanthin per se and is mainly obtained by plankton under natural environment. The amount of plankton in natural environment is abundant, and the astaxanthin obtained by prawns is more and accumulated more. Therefore, the shrimp body under the natural environment is beautiful, and the color of the shrimp after being cooked is more favored by consumers.
The cultured African penaeus monodon mainly obtains astaxanthin from feed and plankton. The elevated pond has high culture density, relatively few plankton and less astaxanthin content in the fed feed. Therefore, the astaxanthin obtained by the high pond cultured penaeus amansii is relatively little, so that the body color of the penaeus amansii is easy to turn blue, and the color of the cooked penaeus amansii does not meet the requirements of consumers, and the economic benefit of penaeus amansii farmers is seriously influenced by the condition.
Therefore, a color matching compound feed capable of improving the body color of the African penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African penaeus monodon is urgently needed by shrimp farmers, but the color matching compound feed does not appear yet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon, which can improve the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon and is very suitable for the market demand.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a color-matching compound feed which comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
20-33% of fish meal, 32-40% of soybean meal, 20-25% of flour, 1-3% of kelp powder, 2-8% of peanut meal, 2-5% of soybean lecithin oil, 2-5% of cuttlefish paste, 1-2% of fish oil, 1-2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3-0.5% of vitamin premix, 0.5-1% of mineral premix and 0.05-0.2% of toner;
the vitamin premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
0.6% of vitamin A, 0.07% of vitamin D, 0.6% of vitamin E, 0.5% of vitamin K, 10.9% of vitamin B, 60.7% of vitamin B, 20.7% of vitamin B, 120.005% of vitamin B, 0.6% of calcium pantothenate, 0.9% of nicotinic acid, 0.009% of biotin, 3.8% of inositol, 0.05% of folic acid and 90.566% of wheat bran;
the mineral premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
5.7 percent of ferrous sulfate, 0.06 percent of copper sulfate, 0.8 percent of zinc sulfate, 0.056 percent of manganese sulfate, 0.005 percent of sodium selenite, 0.03 percent of potassium chloride, 0.06 percent of cobalt chloride, 7.2 percent of magnesium sulfate and 86.089 percent of zeolite powder.
Further, the toner is preferably zeaxanthin or astaxanthin, or a mixture of zeaxanthin and astaxanthin.
Further, the extraction process of the astaxanthin specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) concentrating fermentation liquor: concentrating the culture solution of Phaffia rhodozyma with water content over 60% to obtain yeast paste;
2) adjusting pH value by adding 0.5-1 mol/L malic acid or citric acid into yeast paste to adjust pH value to 4-6;
3) breaking the wall of phaffia rhodozyma: breaking the cell wall for 2-4 times at 80-100MPa in a high-pressure homogenizer until all cells are broken;
4) extracting astaxanthin: spray drying is carried out after the wall breaking is finished, the temperature of an air inlet is adjusted to be controlled at 160-.
Further, the color matching compound feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix and 0.1 percent of astaxanthin.
Further, the color matching compound feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix and 0.1 percent of zeaxanthin.
Further, the color matching compound feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix, 0.05 percent of zeaxanthin and 0.05 percent of astaxanthin.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color of the African penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African penaeus monodon, which comprises the following steps:
1) coarse crushing other materials except the oil-removing materials and the premix compound into a proportioning bin;
2) adding a premix mixture for primary batching; after the first batching is finished, carrying out first mixing for more than 90S;
3) after the primary mixing is finished, carrying out superfine grinding on the materials, and enabling 95% of the materials to pass through a 80-mesh sieve; after the superfine grinding is finished, adding an oil material and water for secondary burdening;
4) after the secondary burdening is finished, carrying out secondary mixing for more than 180S; tempering is carried out after the secondary mixing is finished, and the tempering temperature is more than 90 ℃; after the tempering, carrying out extrusion granulation;
5) and (4) post-curing, drying, cooling and packaging the granulated material.
Further, the premix mixture is a mixture of a vitamin premix, a mineral premix and a toner.
By means of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the color-mixing compound feed is produced in a feed factory production workshop according to a normal production flow and is more instructive in use.
2) The color-matching compound feed disclosed by the invention is high in grinding fineness, good in mixing uniformity and good in curing degree, and is beneficial to digestion and absorption of nutrient substances by the African penaeus monodon; through high-temperature tempering, curing and drying, the stability of the toner and the appropriate addition amount of the toner are easier to judge.
3) The cuttlefish paste added into the color-matching compound feed can improve the food calling performance of the prawns, can provide unsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol for the prawns, and is beneficial to the growth of the prawns; the added kelp powder has food calling effect, and can also provide certain pigment.
4) The added astaxanthin is a strong antioxidant, and can improve the vitality and immunity of shrimps.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The invention discloses a color-mixing compound feed which comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
20-33% of fish meal, 32-40% of soybean meal, 20-25% of flour, 1-3% of kelp powder, 2-8% of peanut meal, 2-5% of soybean lecithin oil, 2-5% of cuttlefish paste, 1-2% of fish oil, 1-2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3-0.5% of vitamin premix, 0.5-1% of mineral premix and 0.05-0.2% of toner. The toner is preferably zeaxanthin or astaxanthin, or the weight ratio of zeaxanthin to astaxanthin is 1: 1.
The vitamin premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
0.6% of vitamin A, 0.07% of vitamin D, 0.6% of vitamin E, 0.5% of vitamin K, 10.9% of vitamin B, 60.7% of vitamin B, 20.7% of vitamin B, 120.005% of vitamin B, 0.6% of calcium pantothenate, 0.9% of nicotinic acid, 0.009% of biotin, 3.8% of inositol, 0.05% of folic acid and 90.566% of wheat bran;
the mineral premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
5.7 percent of ferrous sulfate, 0.06 percent of copper sulfate, 0.8 percent of zinc sulfate, 0.056 percent of manganese sulfate, 0.005 percent of sodium selenite, 0.03 percent of potassium chloride, 0.06 percent of cobalt chloride, 7.2 percent of magnesium sulfate and 86.089 percent of zeolite powder.
The components "vitamin premix" and "mineral premix" in the following examples were all made up using the above formulations.
The materials are all obtained from market purchase. The astaxanthin serving as the component of the color matching compound feed is prepared by an extraction process from red-yeast. The extraction process of the astaxanthin specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) concentrating fermentation liquor: concentrating the culture solution of Phaffia rhodozyma with water content over 60% to obtain yeast paste;
2) adjusting pH value by adding 0.5-1 mol/L malic acid or citric acid into yeast paste to adjust pH value to 4-6;
3) breaking the wall of phaffia rhodozyma: breaking the cell wall for 2-4 times at 80-100MPa in a high-pressure homogenizer until all cells are broken;
4) extracting astaxanthin: spray drying is carried out after the wall breaking is finished, the temperature of an air inlet is adjusted to be controlled at 160-.
Example 1
A color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color of African penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African penaeus monodon comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix and 0.1 percent of astaxanthin.
The preparation method of this example is as follows:
step one, according to the components of the embodiment 1, except the fish oil, the soybean phospholipid oil and the premix compound, other materials are coarsely crushed and then are fed into a proportioning bin;
step two, carrying out primary batching, wherein the weight of each part is calculated by 1Kg and needs: 259Kg of fish meal, 360Kg of soybean meal, 205Kg of flour, 20Kg of kelp powder, 60Kg of peanut meal, 30Kg of cuttlefish paste, 10Kg of monocalcium phosphate and 16Kg of premix mixture;
step three, carrying out primary mixing after primary batching is finished, wherein the mixing time is more than 90S;
step four, after the primary mixing is finished, carrying out superfine grinding on the materials, and enabling 95% of the materials to pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
step five, performing secondary batching, wherein 30Kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 10Kg of fish oil and 50Kg of water are added into the mixture according to 1Kg of weight of each part;
step six, performing secondary mixing after the secondary burdening is finished, wherein the mixing time is more than 180S;
seventhly, tempering is carried out after the secondary mixing is finished, wherein the tempering temperature is over 90 ℃;
step eight, carrying out extrusion granulation after tempering;
and step nine, performing after-curing, drying, cooling and packaging on the granulated material.
Example 2
A color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color of African penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African penaeus monodon comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix and 0.1 percent of zeaxanthin.
The preparation method of this example includes the following steps:
step one, according to the components of the embodiment 2, except the fish oil, the soybean phospholipid oil and the premix compound, other materials are coarsely crushed and then are fed into a proportioning bin;
step two, carrying out primary batching, wherein the weight of each part is calculated by 1Kg, and the steps are as follows: 259Kg of fish meal, 360Kg of soybean meal, 205Kg of flour, 20Kg of kelp powder, 60Kg of peanut meal, 30Kg of cuttlefish paste, 10Kg of monocalcium phosphate and 16Kg of premix mixture;
step three, carrying out primary mixing after primary batching is finished, wherein the mixing time is more than 90S;
step four, after the primary mixing is finished, carrying out superfine grinding on the materials, and enabling 95% of the materials to pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
step five, performing secondary batching, wherein 30Kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 10Kg of fish oil and 50Kg of water are added into the mixture according to 1Kg of weight of each part;
step six, performing secondary mixing after the secondary burdening is finished, wherein the mixing time is more than 180S;
seventhly, tempering is carried out after the secondary mixing is finished, wherein the tempering temperature is over 90 ℃;
step eight, carrying out extrusion granulation after tempering;
and step nine, performing after-curing, drying, cooling and packaging on the granulated material.
Example 3
A color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color of African penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African penaeus monodon comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix, 0.05 percent of zeaxanthin and 0.05 percent of astaxanthin.
The preparation of this example is as follows: comprises the following steps:
step one, according to the components of the embodiment 3, except the fish oil, the soybean phospholipid oil and the premix compound, other materials are coarsely crushed and then are fed into a proportioning bin;
step two, carrying out primary batching, wherein the weight of each part is calculated by 1Kg, and the steps are as follows: 259Kg of fish meal, 360Kg of soybean meal, 205Kg of flour, 20Kg of kelp powder, 60Kg of peanut meal, 30Kg of cuttlefish paste, 10Kg of monocalcium phosphate and 16Kg of premix mixture;
step three, carrying out primary mixing after primary batching is finished, wherein the mixing time is more than 90S;
step four, after the primary mixing is finished, carrying out superfine grinding on the materials, and enabling 95% of the materials to pass through a 80-mesh sieve;
step five, performing secondary batching, wherein 30Kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 10Kg of fish oil and 50Kg of water are added into the mixture according to 1Kg of weight of each part;
step six, performing secondary mixing after the secondary burdening is finished, wherein the mixing time is more than 180S;
seventhly, tempering is carried out after the secondary mixing is finished, wherein the tempering temperature is over 90 ℃;
step eight, carrying out extrusion granulation after tempering;
and step nine, performing after-curing, drying, cooling and packaging on the granulated material.
The following is a content of the effect application experimental example section.
Effect experiment example 1
The comparison of the test with the lutein-added color-mixing compound feed is as follows:
comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent: 25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.2 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix and 0.4 percent of lutein.
The comparative test material was prepared in the same manner as in the examples.
The experiment was carried out in 2019, nos. 7, 3 and 8, 15 in Fujian Zhang. And 4 high-level ponds with blue shrimps are selected for testing, and the specification of the African penaeus monodon is 40-50.
Dividing 4 ponds into 4 groups, culturing with a compound feed added with lutein in the 1 st group, culturing with a compound feed added with zeaxanthin in the 2 nd group, culturing with a compound feed added with astaxanthin in the 3 rd group, and feeding with a compound feed added with astaxanthin and zeaxanthin in the 4 th group. The feeding time is 4 times per day, and the feed is eaten after 2 hours.
The results of the 4-week culture trial are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 cultivation test results for different combinations of groups 1-4
From the results of table 1 above, it can be seen that:
the invention can improve the body color of the blue African penaeus monodon by 6-7 days by feeding the mixed feed added with the astaxanthin for 1 week. After the feeding of the astaxanthin-added compound feed is stopped for 1 week, a small part of prawns turn blue in body color, which indicates that the stability of the astaxanthin is good after deposition. Continuously feeding the prawns which are basically blue-free with the mixed feed added with the astaxanthin for half a month, then randomly taking 10 prawns and boiling the prawns for 3 minutes, wherein the contrast of the color phase of the cooked prawns is red.
The invention can improve the body color of the blue African penaeus monodon by 6-7 by feeding the mixed feed added with the zeaxanthin for 1 week. After the mixed feed added with the zeaxanthin is stopped being fed for 1 week, the body color of most prawns turns blue again, which indicates that the stability of the zeaxanthin after deposition is not good. Continuously feeding the mixed feed added with the zeaxanthin for half a month, and then randomly taking 10 shrimps to be boiled in boiling water for 3 minutes, wherein the red degree of the boiled shrimps is lower than that of the astaxanthin and the shrimps are yellowish.
The invention can improve the body color of blue African mottle prawn by 6-7 weeks by feeding the compound feed added with zeaxanthin and astaxanthin for 1 week. When the mixed feed added with the toner is stopped to feed for 1 week, a small part of prawns turn blue, which indicates that the stability of the deposited zeaxanthin is not as good as that of the astaxanthin. And continuously feeding the compound feed added with the toner for half a month, and randomly taking 10 shrimps to boil in boiling water for 3 minutes, wherein the contrast of the color phase of the cooked shrimps is red.
Effect experiment example 2
The color data of the body color corresponding to the color card of the African penaeus monodon in each test group after boiling for 3 minutes are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 color data on colorimetric cards corresponding to body colors of Penaeus africana in each test group
The test results in the above table 1 and table 2 show that the addition of lutein, zeaxanthin and astaxanthin can adjust the body color of the African Penaeus monodon, and astaxanthin is the best for adjusting the body color; second zeaxanthin and finally lutein.
The astaxanthin used in the test is astaxanthin extracted from phaffia rhodozyma, the cost of the astaxanthin is greatly reduced due to the improvement of the extraction process, and the cost is still in a controllable range relative to the cost of the feed added with zeaxanthin and lutein.
The addition of astaxanthin within the feed cost controllable range can improve the body color of the African penaeus monodon and the quality of the penaeus monodon. Can bring higher economic benefit for farmer groups and can also improve the brand effect of companies.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The color-mixing compound feed capable of improving the body color of the African penaeus monodon and improving the quality of the African penaeus monodon is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
20-33% of fish meal, 32-40% of soybean meal, 20-25% of flour, 1-3% of kelp powder, 2-8% of peanut meal, 2-5% of soybean lecithin oil, 2-5% of cuttlefish paste, 1-2% of fish oil, 1-2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3-0.5% of vitamin premix, 0.5-1% of mineral premix and 0.05-0.2% of toner;
the vitamin premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
0.6% of vitamin A, 0.07% of vitamin D, 0.6% of vitamin E, 0.5% of vitamin K, 10.9% of vitamin B, 60.7% of vitamin B, 20.7% of vitamin B, 120.005% of vitamin B, 0.6% of calcium pantothenate, 0.9% of nicotinic acid, 0.009% of biotin, 3.8% of inositol, 0.05% of folic acid and 90.566% of wheat bran;
the mineral premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 100 percent:
5.7 percent of ferrous sulfate, 0.06 percent of copper sulfate, 0.8 percent of zinc sulfate, 0.056 percent of manganese sulfate, 0.005 percent of sodium selenite, 0.03 percent of potassium chloride, 0.06 percent of cobalt chloride, 7.2 percent of magnesium sulfate and 86.089 percent of zeolite powder.
2. The color-mixing compound feed for improving the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the toning agent is selected from zeaxanthin and/or astaxanthin extracted from Phaffia rhodozyma.
3. The color-mixing compound feed for improving the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the extraction process of the astaxanthin specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) concentrating fermentation liquor: concentrating the culture solution of Phaffia rhodozyma with water content over 60% to obtain yeast paste;
2) adjusting pH value by adding 0.5-1 mol/L malic acid or citric acid into yeast paste to adjust pH value to 4-6;
3) breaking the wall of phaffia rhodozyma: breaking the cell wall for 2-4 times at 80-100MPa in a high-pressure homogenizer until all cells are broken;
4) extracting astaxanthin: and after the wall breaking is finished, spray drying is carried out, the temperature of an air inlet is adjusted to be controlled at 200 ℃/70-80 ℃ of the air outlet before feeding, the material drying time is not more than 1min, the moisture of the dried material is 5-10%, and the content of astaxanthin is 0.4%.
4. The color-mixing compound feed for improving the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the color matching compound feed comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix and 0.1 percent of astaxanthin.
5. The color-mixing compound feed for improving the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the coating comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix and 0.1 percent of zeaxanthin.
6. The color-mixing compound feed for improving the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the coating comprises the following components by the total mass fraction of 100 percent:
25.9 percent of fish meal, 36 percent of soybean meal, 20.5 percent of flour, 2 percent of kelp powder, 6 percent of peanut meal, 3 percent of soybean lecithin oil, 3 percent of cuttlefish paste, 1 percent of fish oil, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 percent of vitamin premix, 1 percent of mineral premix, 0.05 percent of zeaxanthin and 0.05 percent of astaxanthin.
7. A colour-mixing compound feed for improving the body colour and quality of African Penaeus monodon according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is prepared by the following process steps:
1) coarse crushing other materials except the oil-removing materials and the premix compound into a proportioning bin;
2) adding a premix mixture for primary batching; after the first batching is finished, carrying out first mixing for more than 90S;
3) after the primary mixing is finished, carrying out superfine grinding on the materials, and enabling 95% of the materials to pass through a 80-mesh sieve; after the superfine grinding is finished, adding an oil material and water for secondary burdening;
4) after the secondary burdening is finished, carrying out secondary mixing for more than 180S; tempering is carried out after the secondary mixing is finished, and the tempering temperature is more than 90 ℃; after the tempering, carrying out extrusion granulation;
5) and (4) post-curing, drying, cooling and packaging the granulated material.
8. The color-mixing compound feed for improving the body color and the quality of the African penaeus monodon according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the premix mixture is a mixture of a vitamin premix, a mineral premix and a toner.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117064005A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-11-17 | 广东联鲲集团有限公司 | Functional premix for improving body color of buddha's warrior attendant as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| US20060130162A1 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2006-06-15 | Kyle David J | Shrimp and the production thereof |
| US20080107768A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-05-08 | Industrial Organica, S.A. De C.V. | Method for increasing the health condition of crustaceans in aquaculture |
| CN105732452A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-07-06 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Method for extracting phaffia rhodozyma intracellular astaxanthin |
| CN110731429A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-31 | 福建海大饲料有限公司 | Compound feed capable of rapidly recovering body color of penaeus monodon and preparation method thereof |
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| US20060130162A1 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2006-06-15 | Kyle David J | Shrimp and the production thereof |
| US20080107768A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-05-08 | Industrial Organica, S.A. De C.V. | Method for increasing the health condition of crustaceans in aquaculture |
| CN105732452A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-07-06 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Method for extracting phaffia rhodozyma intracellular astaxanthin |
| CN110731429A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-31 | 福建海大饲料有限公司 | Compound feed capable of rapidly recovering body color of penaeus monodon and preparation method thereof |
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| CN117064005A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-11-17 | 广东联鲲集团有限公司 | Functional premix for improving body color of buddha's warrior attendant as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200731 |