CN111464195A - Ultra-short wave digital receiving system and method based on broadband beam forming - Google Patents
Ultra-short wave digital receiving system and method based on broadband beam forming Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic communication, in particular to an ultrashort wave digital receiving system and method based on broadband beam forming, which comprises a data acquisition module, a signal processing module, a system clock module and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a data signal; the data acquisition module comprises an array antenna and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the signal processing module comprises a phase shifter, an integer time delay module, a fraction time delay module, a subarray beam output module and a total beam output module. The invention realizes the ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on the broadband beam forming by combining the high-precision digital time delay and the sub-array-level beam forming. The time delay compensation is carried out by adopting a fractional order filter, so that the accurate time delay compensation of the received signal is realized; the array antenna is equally divided into a plurality of parts by adopting sub-array-level beam forming, so that the implementation cost is reduced; meanwhile, the sub-array level beam forming is combined with the digital time delay, so that the digital time delay unit can be reduced, and the difficulty in realizing the fractional time delay is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic communication, in particular to an ultrashort wave digital receiving system and method based on broadband beam forming.
Background
Digital Beamforming (DBF) is a digital signal processing technique that weights array received signals and uses the weights to adjust to achieve efficient reception of the signals. Early digital beam forming research mainly aims at narrow-band signals, but with the application of array signal processing technology in the field of wide-band signals such as radar signals, seismic signals, sonar signals and the like, the traditional narrow-band beam forming algorithm is not suitable due to deviation of beam direction and main lobe width. Therefore, how to perform flexible and efficient beam forming of broadband signals becomes a hot spot of wireless communication research.
Wideband beamforming differs from narrowband beamforming in that its steering vector is affected by changes in the frequency of the signal in addition to the direction of incidence of the signal. In order to solve the problem, time delay compensation is carried out on each branch, so that each branch receives the same wave surface of a signal at the same time, and the influence of frequency change on a guide vector is eliminated. At present, delay compensation is realized through a digital delay line, but the method can only realize delay of integral multiple of sampling interval, so that distortion of beam pattern is caused when the sampling rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide an ultrashort wave digital receiving system and method based on wideband beam forming, which is directed to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming comprises a data acquisition module, a signal processing module, a system clock module and a power supply module;
the data acquisition module comprises an array antenna and an analog-to-digital conversion module;
the signal processing module comprises a phase shifter, an integer time delay module, a fraction time delay module, a subarray beam output module and a total beam output module;
the array antenna comprises a plurality of sub-arrays; each subarray comprises a plurality of array elements; the array element is used for receiving antenna signals; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the antenna signals acquired by the array elements and then transmitting the antenna signals to the phase shifter;
the integer time delay module is used for carrying out integer multiple compensation on the data passing through the phase shifter; the fractional time delay module is used for compensating the time delay fractional part of the data passing through the integer time delay module; the subarray beam output module is used for carrying out beam synthesis on data of all array elements in each subarray after passing through the phase shifter, the integral multiple compensation and the time delay module; the total beam output module is used for carrying out beam synthesis on beams of all the subarray beam output modules after the subarray passes through;
the system clock module is used for providing a clock source for the whole system; the power supply module is used for providing power supply for the whole system.
The invention is further arranged that the integer time delay module adopts a filter to complete the integer multiple compensation of the sampling interval.
The invention is further arranged such that the fractional delay module compensates the delay fractional part using a fractional order filter.
An ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming comprises a data acquisition module and a signal processing module; the data acquisition module comprises an array antenna and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the array antenna comprises N adjacent sub-arrays which are equally divided, wherein each sub-array is provided with M array elements, and the array element interval is d;
the ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming comprises the following steps:
and (3) signal acquisition: acquiring antenna signals by using array elements;
conversion of data: antenna signal KT acquired by array element by adopting analog-to-digital conversion modulesSampling and analog-to-digital converting to obtain [ x0(kTs),x1(kTs),…,xM-1(kTs)]T(ii) a Where K is the coefficient, TsA coefficient acquisition interval;
and (3) time delay compensation processing: performing time delay compensation on the data received by each array element; wherein the delay value is [ tau ]0,τ1,τ2,…τM-1](ii) a Wherein the time delay of the m array element is taumDmsin θ/c; wherein c is the speed of light;
the delay compensation process includes sample interval integer multiple compensation Lm＝round(dmsinθ/cTs) And compensating for the fractional delay pm＝τm/Ts-Lm；
Sub-array beam synthesis: the array elements of each subarray are synthesized and output as
Sub-array beam forming, wherein each sub-array is subjected to time delay compensation with the compensation value of [ η ]0,η1,η2,…,ηN-1]Wherein ηnThe output of subarray level beamforming is nMd sin theta/c
Total beam output: and synthesizing all the subarray beams.
The invention is further arranged in that in the delay compensation processing step, a filter is used to complete the integer multiple compensation of the sampling interval.
The invention is further arranged that in the delay compensation processing step, a fractional order filter is used to compensate the delay fractional part.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes the ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on the broadband beam forming by combining the high-precision digital time delay and the sub-array-level beam forming. The fractional order filter is adopted for time delay compensation, so that the continuous variable accurate time delay compensation of the received signal is realized; the array antenna is equally divided into a plurality of parts by adopting sub-array-level beam forming, so that the number of receiving channels is effectively reduced, and the implementation cost is further reduced; meanwhile, the sub-array level beam forming is combined with the digital time delay, so that the digital time delay unit can be reduced, and the difficulty in realizing the fractional time delay is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the data acquisition module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the signal processing module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the system clock module of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fractional delay module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to fig. 5, the ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on wideband beam forming in this embodiment includes a data acquisition module, a signal processing module, a system clock module, and a power module;
the data acquisition module comprises an array antenna and an analog-to-digital conversion module;
the signal processing module comprises a phase shifter, an integer time delay module, a fraction time delay module, a subarray beam output module and a total beam output module;
the array antenna comprises a plurality of sub-arrays; each subarray comprises a plurality of array elements; the array element is used for receiving antenna signals; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the antenna signals acquired by the array elements and then transmitting the antenna signals to the phase shifter;
the integer time delay module is used for carrying out integer multiple compensation on the data passing through the phase shifter; the fractional time delay module is used for compensating the time delay fractional part of the data passing through the integer time delay module; the subarray beam output module is used for carrying out beam synthesis on data of all array elements in each subarray after passing through the phase shifter, the integral multiple compensation and the time delay module; the total beam output module is used for carrying out beam synthesis on beams of all the subarray beam output modules after the subarray passes through;
the system clock module is used for providing a clock source for the whole system; the power supply module is used for providing power supply for the whole system. In the ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming described in this embodiment, the integer delay module uses a filter to complete integer multiple compensation of sampling intervals. In the ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming described in this embodiment, the fractional delay module compensates the delay fractional part by using a fractional order filter.
The embodiment combines high-precision digital time delay with sub-array-level beam forming to realize an ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming. The receiving of broadband signals with instantaneous bandwidth of 400MHz can be effectively finished. The system adopts a fractional order filter to carry out time delay compensation, and realizes the continuous variable accurate time delay compensation of the received signal; the array antenna is equally divided into a plurality of parts by adopting sub-array-level beam forming, so that the number of receiving channels is effectively reduced, and the implementation cost is further reduced; meanwhile, the sub-array level beam forming is combined with the digital time delay, so that the digital time delay unit can be reduced, and the difficulty in realizing the fractional time delay is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the data acquisition module includes an AD9208 chip, an FPGA module, a DSP module, a clock module, and a power module; the AD9208 chip is connected with the FPGA module and is responsible for collecting radio frequency signals and transmitting data after analog-to-digital conversion to the FPGA module; the FPGA module transmits data of the AD9208 chip to the outside through QSFP28 optical fibers after receiving the data, and simultaneously, the FPGA module can also transmit part of the received data to the DSP module through SRIO or buffer the data in the DDR 3; the DSP module can perform operation processing on the data transmitted by the FPGA module, and the result is transmitted through the gigabit Ethernet of the DSP module; the power supply module is connected with the AD9208 chip, the FPGA module, the DSP module and the clock module to supply power; the clock module is connected with the AD9208 chip, the FPGA module and the DSP module to provide clock frequency.
As shown in fig. 3, the signal processing module includes an FPGA module, a DSP module, a clock module, and a power module; the FPGA module is used for carrying out operation processing on the data transmitted from the data acquisition module to realize beam forming; the power supply module is connected with the AD9208 chip, the FPGA module, the DSP module and the clock module to supply power; the clock module is connected with the AD9208 chip, the FPGA module and the DSP module to provide clock frequency.
As shown in fig. 4, the system clock module includes an FPGA module, a clock module, and a power module, the power module is connected to the AD9208 chip, the FPGA module, the DSP module, and the clock module to supply power, and the clock module uses a L MK04821 special clock chip for JESD204B with ultra-low jitter and ultra-low noise, and can dynamically adjust an output clock phase to provide a clock frequency.
As shown in fig. 5, the fractional delay module completes the fractional delay compensation for the received data of M array elements.
The ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming comprises a data acquisition module and a signal processing module; the data acquisition module comprises an array antenna and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the array antenna comprises N adjacent sub-arrays which are equally divided, wherein each sub-array is provided with M array elements, and the array element interval is d;
the ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming comprises the following steps:
and (3) signal acquisition: acquiring antenna signals by using array elements;
conversion of data: antenna signal KT acquired by array element by adopting analog-to-digital conversion modulesSampling and analog-to-digital converting to obtain [ x0(kTs),x1(kTs),…,xM-1(kTs)]T(ii) a Where K is the coefficient, TsIs a coefficient ofCollecting intervals;
and (3) time delay compensation processing: performing time delay compensation on the data received by each array element; wherein the delay value is [ tau ]0,τ1,τ2,…τM-1](ii) a Wherein the time delay of the m array element is taumDm sin θ/c; wherein c is the speed of light;
the delay compensation process includes sample interval integer multiple compensation Lm＝round(dm sinθ/cTs) And compensating for the fractional delay pm＝τm/Ts-Lm；
Sub-array beam synthesis: the array elements of each subarray are synthesized and output as
Sub-array beam forming, wherein each sub-array is subjected to time delay compensation with the compensation value of [ η ]0,η1,η2,…,ηN-1]Wherein ηnThe output of subarray level beamforming is nMd sin theta/c
Total beam output: and synthesizing all the subarray beams.
In the ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on wideband beam forming described in this embodiment, in the delay compensation processing step, a filter is used to complete integer multiple compensation of sampling intervals. In the ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on wideband beam forming described in this embodiment, in the step of delay compensation processing, a fractional order filter is used to compensate for a delay fractional part.
The embodiment combines high-precision digital time delay with sub-array-level beam forming to realize an ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming. The system adopts a fractional order filter to carry out time delay compensation, and realizes the continuous variable accurate time delay compensation of the received signal; the array antenna is equally divided into a plurality of parts by adopting sub-array-level beam forming, so that the number of receiving channels is effectively reduced, and the implementation cost is further reduced; meanwhile, the sub-array level beam forming is combined with the digital time delay, so that the digital time delay unit can be reduced, and the difficulty in realizing the fractional time delay is reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming is characterized in that: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a signal processing module, a system clock module and a power supply module;
the data acquisition module comprises an array antenna and an analog-to-digital conversion module;
the signal processing module comprises a phase shifter, an integer time delay module, a fraction time delay module, a subarray beam output module and a total beam output module;
the array antenna comprises a plurality of sub-arrays; each subarray comprises a plurality of array elements; the array element is used for receiving antenna signals; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the antenna signals acquired by the array elements and then transmitting the antenna signals to the phase shifter;
the integer time delay module is used for carrying out integer multiple compensation on the data passing through the phase shifter; the fractional time delay module is used for compensating the time delay fractional part of the data passing through the integer time delay module; the subarray beam output module is used for carrying out beam synthesis on data of all array elements in each subarray after passing through the phase shifter, the integral multiple compensation and the time delay module; the total beam output module is used for carrying out beam synthesis on beams of all the subarray beam output modules after the subarray passes through;
the system clock module is used for providing a clock source for the whole system; the power supply module is used for providing power supply for the whole system.
2. The ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming of claim 1, wherein: and the integer time delay module adopts a filter to complete the integer multiple compensation of the sampling interval.
3. The ultrashort wave digital receiving system based on broadband beam forming of claim 1, wherein: and the fractional delay module adopts a fractional order filter to compensate the delay decimal part.
4. An ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming is characterized in that: the device comprises a data acquisition module and a signal processing module; the data acquisition module comprises an array antenna and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the array antenna comprises N adjacent sub-arrays which are equally divided, wherein each sub-array is provided with M array elements, and the array element interval is d;
the ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming comprises the following steps:
and (3) signal acquisition: acquiring antenna signals by using array elements;
conversion of data: antenna signal KT acquired by array element by adopting analog-to-digital conversion modulesSampling and analog-to-digital converting to obtain [ x0(kTs),x1(kTs),…,xM-1(kTs)]T(ii) a Where K is the coefficient, TsA coefficient acquisition interval;
and (3) time delay compensation processing: performing time delay compensation on the data received by each array element; wherein the delay value is [ tau ]0,τ1,τ2,…τM-1](ii) a Wherein the time delay of the m array element is taumDmsin θ/c; wherein c is the speed of light;
the delay compensation process includes sample interval integer multiple compensation Lm＝round(dmsinθ/cTs) And compensating for the fractional delay pm＝τm/Ts-Lm；
Sub-array beam synthesis: the array elements of each subarray are synthesized and output as
Sub-array beam forming, wherein each sub-array is subjected to time delay compensation with the compensation value of [ η ]0,η1,η2,…,ηN-1]Wherein ηnThe output of subarray level beamforming is nMd sin theta/c
Total beam output: and synthesizing all the subarray beams.
5. The ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming of claim 4, wherein: in the time delay compensation processing step, a filter is adopted to complete the integral multiple compensation of the sampling interval.
6. The ultrashort wave digital receiving method based on broadband beam forming of claim 4, wherein: in the delay compensation processing step, a fractional order filter is adopted to compensate the delay fractional part.
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| CN112636773A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband time domain beam forming method based on digital frequency domain compensation |
| CN113328265A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Extensible E-band digital active array |
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| CN115102584A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Array beam forming device for realizing broadband low sidelobe |
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| CN116879855A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-10-13 | 成都梓峡信息技术有限公司 | Radar electronic countermeasure signal processing system and method |
| CN116879855B (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-28 | 成都梓峡信息技术有限公司 | Radar electronic countermeasure signal processing system and method |
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