CN111442050A - Shock absorber and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a shock absorber and a vehicle. A damper comprising a rubber body having: the gas storage cavity is filled with gas; and the liquid storage cavity is arranged in a layered mode in an isolating mode with the gas storage cavity along the vertical direction, damping liquid is filled in the liquid storage cavity, the liquid storage cavity comprises a plurality of sub-cavities, the sub-cavities are communicated with each other through throttling channels and are arranged into one or more sub-cavity layers along the vertical direction, and at least one sub-cavity layer comprises more than two sub-cavities. The shock absorber and the vehicle provided by the disclosure can buffer the vibration from different directions, and are favorable for adapting to the complex and changeable working condition requirement in the running operation.

Description

Shock absorber and vehicle

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a shock absorber and a vehicle.

Background

At present, engineering machinery is widely used in operation places such as roads, mines, buildings, bridges and the like, and in the running and operation processes, a complex and severe working environment often generates strong vibration impact, which includes radial vibration and angular vibration besides common axial vibration, and the vibration frequency is mostly low frequency. The vibration damper used for the engineering machinery is required to ensure the comfort of a cab and prevent the vibration of an engine from being transmitted to other components to cause damage of the components.

Common shock absorbers include spring shock absorbers, rubber shock absorbers, hydraulic damping shock absorbers, and gas spring shock absorbers. Various shock absorbers have different characteristics and application ranges. The vibration damper for engineering machinery cab and engine is rubber vibration damper. The existing rubber damper mainly utilizes the interaction between internal viscoelastic molecules to convert vibration energy into internal energy for damping, but because the natural frequency of the rubber damper is relatively high, the compression amount is small and the rigidity is not adjustable, a novel damper capable of overcoming the defects of the rubber damper is needed. In order to improve the rigidity and reduce the natural frequency, the conventional rubber damper is usually combined with other types of dampers to improve the damping, sound insulation and buffering effects.

Disclosure of Invention

The inventor finds that the existing vibration damper is only effective to axial vibration impact and limited in vibration damping effect to radial vibration and angular vibration impact, and the existing vibration damper is often unadjustable in rigidity, cannot effectively isolate low-frequency vibration and is difficult to adapt to complex and changeable working condition requirements in the running operation of engineering machinery.

The existing rubber vibration damper has relatively high natural frequency and small compression amount; the hydraulic damping vibration absorber can not effectively control the vibration of low frequency high amplitude or high frequency low amplitude; the mounting mode of the gas spring shock absorber is limited, the gas spring shock absorber can only be vertically supported and cannot be twisted, and the bearing capacity is limited.

The invention aims to provide a shock absorber and a vehicle so as to meet the requirement of complex and changeable working conditions in the running operation of engineering machinery.

A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a damper comprising a rubber body having:

the gas storage cavity is filled with gas; and

the stock solution chamber, along upper and lower direction with the gas storage chamber is separated from each other ground layered arrangement, the stock solution intracavity is full of damping fluid, the stock solution chamber includes a plurality of sub-chambeies, a plurality of sub-chambeies communicate each other and arrange into one or more sub-chamber layers along upper and lower direction through the throttle passageway, wherein, at least one sub-chamber layer includes more than two the sub-chamber.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the sub-cavities of the same sub-cavity layer is symmetrical about a center line in the up-down direction.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the throttling channel is provided between every two sub-chambers of the same sub-chamber layer, and the throttling channel is provided between any sub-chamber of one sub-chamber layer in the adjacent sub-chamber layers and each sub-chamber in the other sub-chamber layer.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least one sub-cavity layer comprises a first sub-cavity layer and a second sub-cavity layer, the first sub-cavity layer comprising a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity, the second sub-cavity layer comprising a third sub-cavity located below the first sub-cavity and a fourth sub-cavity located below the second sub-cavity;

the throttling channel comprises a first throttling channel, a second throttling channel, a third throttling channel and a fourth throttling channel, the first sub-cavity is communicated with the second sub-cavity through the first throttling channel, the third sub-cavity is communicated with the fourth sub-cavity through the second throttling channel, the first sub-cavity is communicated with the third sub-cavity through the third throttling channel, and the second sub-cavity is communicated with the fourth sub-cavity through the fourth throttling channel.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the throttling passage includes a fifth throttling passage and a sixth throttling passage, the first sub-chamber and the fourth sub-chamber communicate through the fifth throttling passage, and the second sub-chamber and the third sub-chamber communicate through the sixth throttling passage.

According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the gas reservoir is located below the liquid reservoir.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the rubber main body has a liquid filling hole, the liquid filling hole is communicated with the liquid storage cavity, and the liquid filling hole is used for filling and discharging the damping liquid into the liquid storage cavity.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shock absorber includes a fill valve disposed within the fill hole and a first seal sealed outside of the fill hole.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mass of the gas within the gas reservoir is adjustably set.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the rubber body has an inflation hole, the inflation hole is communicated with the gas storage cavity, and the inflation hole is used for inflating and deflating the gas to the gas storage cavity so as to adjust the quality of the gas.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shock absorber includes an inflation valve disposed within the inflation port and a second seal sealed outside of the inflation port.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shock absorber includes a stopper structure at the bottom and/or the top of the air reservoir, the stopper structure protruding toward the top side and/or the bottom side of the air reservoir.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the damper includes a panel disposed at a bottom of the rubber body.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the damper includes a fixing portion provided on the rubber body for connecting the damper with a base of a vibration isolation system and/or a vibration isolation object of the vibration isolation system.

According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the fixing portion comprises:

the first fixing part is arranged at the top of the rubber main body and is used for being fixedly connected with a vibration isolation object of a vibration isolation system; and

and the second fixing part is arranged on the side part of the rubber main body and is used for being fixedly connected with a base of the vibration isolation system.

A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle including the shock absorber of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

The shock absorber provided by the disclosure organically combines a rubber shock absorber, a hydraulic damping shock absorber and a gas spring shock absorber, the shock absorber comprises a rubber main body and a liquid storage cavity and a gas storage cavity which are arranged in a layered mode, the liquid storage cavity comprises a plurality of sub-cavities which are communicated with each other through throttling channels, and at least one sub-cavity layer is arranged in the vertical direction, so that the vibration from different directions can be effectively buffered. The shock absorber provided by the disclosure not only keeps the excellent performance of the rubber shock absorber in relieving, absorbing vibration and impact caused by shearing and torsional deformation, but also has the advantages of short response time of the hydraulic damping shock absorber, shock resistance load, low-frequency vibration absorption of the gas spring shock absorber, large-amplitude vibration suppression, adjustable rigidity and good sound insulation performance, thereby being beneficial to adapting to the complex and changeable working condition requirements in the driving operation of engineering machinery.

Other features of the present disclosure and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a shock absorber according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the damper shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the shock absorber shown in fig. 1.

In fig. 1 to 3, each reference numeral represents:

1. a rubber body; 2. damping fluid; 3. a gas; 41. a first fixed part; 42. a second fixed part; 51. a liquid charging valve; 52. a first seal member; 61. an inflation valve; 62. a second seal member; 7. a limiting structure; 71. a first limit structure; 72. a second limit structure; 8. a panel; c1, a liquid storage cavity; c11, a first subchamber; c12, a second subchamber; c13, third subchamber; c14, fourth subchamber; c2, a gas storage cavity; r11, a first throttling channel; r12, a second throttling channel; r21, third throttling channel; r22 and a fourth throttling channel; r31, a fifth throttling channel; r32, sixth throttle channel; h1, a first mounting hole; h2, second mounting hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are used only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are presented only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the disclosure, and in the absence of a contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the disclosure; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

As shown in fig. 1, the shock absorber of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a rubber body 1, and the rubber body 1 has a gas storage chamber C2 and a liquid storage chamber C1. Wherein, the gas storage cavity C2 is filled with gas 3; liquid storage chamber C1 separates each other layering along upper and lower direction and gas storage chamber C2 and arranges, is filled with damping liquid 2 in liquid storage chamber C1, and liquid storage chamber C1 includes a plurality of sub-chambeies, and a plurality of sub-chambeies communicate each other through the throttle passageway and arrange into one or more than two sub-chamber layers along upper and lower direction, and wherein, at least one sub-chamber layer includes more than two sub-chambers.

The rubber body 1 may have a cylindrical structure as shown in fig. 1 to 3, and in the description of the present disclosure, the up-down direction refers to the axial direction of the rubber body 1 in fig. 1.

The air storage chamber C2 and the liquid storage chamber C1 are arranged in the axial direction of the rubber body 1, and a plurality of sub-chambers in each sub-chamber layer of the liquid storage chamber C2 are arranged in the radial direction of the rubber body 1. The rubber body 1 itself serves as a rubber vibration damping structure, and vibration is damped by the viscoelastic damping characteristics of the rubber material itself. Stock solution chamber C2, throttle passageway and damping liquid 2 form hydraulic damping vibration attenuation structure, and when the shock absorber received vibration and assault, damping liquid 2 produced along journey pressure loss through throttle passageway flow between the different subchambers of stock solution chamber C1 to the buffering vibration. The gas storage chamber C1 and the gas 3 form a gas spring damping structure, and when the damper is subjected to vibration impact, the gas 3 is compressed, and the vibration energy is converted into the internal energy of the air 3, thereby damping the vibration. The different types of vibration reduction structures are arranged at different directions of the vibration absorber, so that the vibration absorber can effectively buffer the vibration from different directions, such as axial vibration, radial vibration and the like.

The shock absorber of the embodiment of the disclosure organically combines a rubber shock absorber, a hydraulic damping shock absorber and a gas spring shock absorber, the shock absorber comprises a rubber main body and a liquid storage cavity and a gas storage cavity which are arranged in a layered mode, the liquid storage cavity comprises a plurality of sub-cavities which are communicated with each other through throttling channels, and at least one sub-cavity layer is arranged in the vertical direction, so that the shock absorber can effectively buffer the vibration from different directions. The shock absorber disclosed by the embodiment of the invention not only keeps the excellent performance of the rubber shock absorber in relieving, absorbing vibration and impact caused by shearing and torsional deformation, but also has the advantages of short response time of the hydraulic damping shock absorber, impact load resistance, low-frequency vibration absorption of the gas spring shock absorber, large-amplitude vibration inhibition, adjustable rigidity and good sound insulation performance, thereby being beneficial to adapting to the complex and changeable working condition requirements in the driving operation of engineering machinery.

When a plurality of sub-chambers are arranged into more than two sub-chamber layers along the up-down direction, the sub-chambers on different sub-chamber layers are connected through a throttling channel, which is equivalent to that a hydraulic damping vibration attenuation structure is arranged in the axial direction of the rubber main body 1, and the buffer effect of the vibration absorber on the axial vibration can be improved. As shown in fig. 1, the plurality of sub-chambers may be arranged in two sub-chamber layers in the up-down direction, each sub-chamber layer including two sub-chambers.

In some embodiments, each sub-cavity of the same sub-cavity layer is symmetrical about a central line along the up-down direction, so as to improve the uniformity of distribution of each sub-cavity in the radial direction of the rubber main body 1, and further improve the buffering effect of the vibration absorber on radial vibration.

In some embodiments, a throttling channel is arranged between every two sub-cavities of the same sub-cavity layer, and a throttling channel is arranged between any sub-cavity of one sub-cavity layer in the adjacent sub-cavity layers and each sub-cavity in the other sub-cavity layer. The damping liquid 2 can flow through more throttling channels when the shock absorber is subjected to vibration impact by the arrangement, and the shock absorption effect is favorably improved.

In some embodiments, the at least one layer of subcavities includes a first layer of subcavities including first subcavities C11 and second subcavities C12, and a second layer of subcavities including a third subcavities C13 located below first subcavities C11 and a fourth subcavities C14 located below second subcavities C12; the throttling passage comprises a first throttling passage R11, a second throttling passage R12, a third throttling passage R21 and a fourth throttling passage R22, the first sub-chamber C11 and the second sub-chamber C12 are communicated through the first throttling passage R11, the third sub-chamber C13 and the fourth sub-chamber C14 are communicated through the second throttling passage R12, the first sub-chamber C11 and the third sub-chamber C13 are communicated through the third throttling passage R21, and the second sub-chamber C12 and the fourth sub-chamber C14 are communicated through the fourth throttling passage R22.

According to the configuration, the first sub-cavity layer, the first throttling channel R11, the second sub-cavity layer and the second throttling channel R12 respectively form a hydraulic damping vibration attenuation structure in the radial direction of the rubber main body 1, and the first sub-cavity layer, the second sub-cavity layer, the third throttling channel R21 and the fourth throttling channel R22 form a hydraulic damping vibration attenuation structure in the axial direction of the rubber main body 1, so that the vibration attenuation effect of the vibration absorber on axial vibration and radial vibration is improved.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the first sub-chamber C11, the second sub-chamber C12, the third sub-chamber C13, and the fourth sub-chamber C14 are arranged in a quadrilateral array, the first sub-chamber C11 and the third sub-chamber C13, the second sub-chamber C12, and the fourth sub-chamber C14 are respectively located at diagonal positions of the quadrilateral array, the throttling passages include a fifth throttling passage R31 and a sixth throttling passage R32, the first sub-chamber C11 and the fourth sub-chamber C14 are communicated through the fifth throttling passage R31, the second sub-chamber C12 and the third sub-chamber C13 are communicated through the sixth throttling passage R32, and the fifth throttling passage R31 and the sixth throttling passage R32 may intersect with each other. The provision of the fifth throttle passage R31 and the sixth throttle passage R32 facilitates improving the damping effect of the angular vibration of the damper.

In some embodiments, gas reservoir C2 is located below liquid reservoir C1.

In some embodiments, the rubber body 1 has a liquid filling hole, which communicates with the reservoir C1, and the liquid filling hole is used for filling and filling the damping liquid 2 into the reservoir C1.

In some embodiments, the shock absorber includes a fill valve 51 and a first seal 52, the fill valve 51 being disposed within the fill hole, the first seal 52 sealing outside of the fill hole. The first seal 52 may be a seal bolt.

In some embodiments, the mass of the gas 3 in the gas reservoir C2 is adjustably set, and the gas pressure in the gas reservoir C2 may be varied as the mass of the gas 3 in the gas reservoir C2 is varied, resulting in a corresponding change in the damping characteristics and load carrying capacity of the shock absorber, thereby providing an adjustable stiffness of the shock absorber.

In some embodiments, the rubber body 1 has an air charging hole communicating with the air reservoir C2 for charging and discharging the air reservoir C2 with the air 3 to adjust the quality of the air 3.

In some embodiments, the shock absorber includes an inflation valve 61 and a second seal 62, the inflation valve 61 being disposed within the inflation port and the second seal 62 sealing outside of the inflation port. The second seal 62 may be a seal bolt.

In some embodiments, the shock absorber includes a stopper 7 at the bottom and/or top of the air reservoir C2, the stopper 7 being provided to protrude toward the top side and/or the bottom side of the air reservoir C2.

As shown in fig. 1, the limiting structure 7 includes a first limiting structure 71 located at the bottom of the air storage chamber C2 and a second limiting structure 72 located at the top of the air storage chamber C2, the first limiting structure 71 is disposed to protrude to one side of the top of the air storage chamber C2, and the second limiting structure 72 is disposed to protrude to one side of the bottom of the air storage chamber C2. The stopper structure 7 may be integrally formed with the rubber body 1. The limiting structure 7 is arranged, so that the air storage cavity C2 can be axially limited and buffered when the shock absorber is subjected to larger vibration load or impact load, and the inner wall of the air storage cavity C2 is prevented from generating overlarge axial displacement to cause the shock absorber to be damaged and lose efficacy.

In some embodiments, the damper comprises a panel 8 disposed at the bottom of the rubber body 1, the panel 8 being embedded in the bottom of the rubber body 1. The panel 8 can be made of metal materials, and the arrangement of the panel 8 can improve the overall strength of the shock absorber, so that the shock absorber can adapt to complex working environments.

In some embodiments, the vibration damper includes a fixing portion provided on the rubber body 1 for connecting the vibration damper with a base of the vibration isolation system and/or a vibration isolation object of the vibration isolation system.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the fixing portions include a first fixing portion 41 and a second fixing portion 42. The first fixing portion 41 is provided on the top of the rubber body 1 and is used for fixing and connecting to an object to be vibration-isolated of the vibration isolation system, and the first fixing portion 41 may be provided with a first mounting hole H1 having a screw thread and be connected to the object to be vibration-isolated by a bolt. The first fixing portion 41 may be embedded in the top of the rubber body 1, serving to improve the overall strength of the damper similar to the panel 8. The second fixing portion 42 is provided at a side portion of the rubber body 1 for fixing connection with a base of the vibration damping system, and the second fixing portion 42 may be provided with a second mounting hole H2.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a vehicle including the aforementioned shock absorber. When the shock absorber is used for a vehicle, the frame of the vehicle is directly impacted by vibration from an engine or a working environment, and can be used as a base of a vibration isolation system, and a cab of the vehicle can be used as a vibration isolation object of the vibration isolation system. The shock absorber can be respectively and fixedly connected with a frame and a cab of the engineering vehicle through the fixing part. The vehicle has the corresponding advantages of the shock absorber described above.

The working process of the shock absorber of some embodiments of the present disclosure when applied to a working vehicle is further described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

The damper of some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a rubber body 1 having a cylindrical structure, the rubber body 1 having a gas storage chamber C2 located at a lower portion of the rubber body 1 and a liquid storage chamber C1 located at an upper portion of the rubber body 1.

The bottom and the top of the air storage chamber C2 are provided with a limit structure 71 and a second limit structure 72, respectively.

Liquid storage chamber C1 is arranged in an up-down direction as a first sub-chamber layer and a second sub-chamber layer, the first sub-chamber layer includes a first sub-chamber C11 and a second sub-chamber C12, the second sub-chamber layer includes a third sub-chamber C13 and a fourth sub-chamber C14, first sub-chamber C11, second sub-chamber C12, third sub-chamber C13 and fourth sub-chamber C14 are arranged in a rectangular array, first sub-chamber C11 and second sub-chamber C12 are communicated through first throttling channel R11, third sub-chamber C13 and fourth sub-chamber C13 are communicated through second throttling channel R13, first sub-chamber C13 and third sub-chamber C13 are communicated through third throttling channel R13, second sub-chamber C13 and fourth sub-chamber C13 are communicated through fourth throttling channel R13, first sub-chamber C13 and fourth sub-chamber C13 are communicated through fifth throttling channel R13, and sixth throttling channel R13 are communicated through sixth throttling channel R13, and sixth throttling channel R13.

The top, outer side and bottom of the rubber body 1 are provided with a first fixing portion 41, a second fixing portion 42 and a panel 8, respectively. The damper is fixed to the vehicle body frame by the second fixing portion 42 and fixed to an object (for example, a cab) to be subjected to vibration isolation by the first fixing portion 41. Due to the gravity of the vibration-isolated object, the vibration absorber will be subjected to a preload, resulting in a pre-compression deformation.

When the vehicle frame is subjected to axial vibration impact, the shock absorber firstly performs primary vibration reduction by utilizing the viscoelastic damping characteristic of the rubber main body 1. Axial vibration impact is transmitted to the first sub-cavity C11 and the second sub-cavity C12 through the rubber body 1, the first sub-cavity C11 and the second sub-cavity C12 are compressed and deformed, the liquid storage cavity C1 is filled with damping liquid 2, the damping liquid 2 is incompressible, and the damping liquid 2 in the first sub-cavity C11 and the second sub-cavity C12 enters the third sub-cavity C13 and the fourth sub-cavity C14 through the third throttling channel R21 and the fourth throttling channel R22 respectively. Because the throttling channel is very thin, the damping fluid 2 generates large pressure loss along the way in the circulating process, and a part of vibration energy is attenuated to carry out secondary vibration reduction. Third sub-chamber C13 and fourth sub-chamber C14 are owing to inflow damping fluid 2, and the increase of chamber volume further extrudes gas storage chamber C2, and the gas storage chamber C2 that is equipped with compressed gas can be the equivalent gas spring, and gaseous 3 receives the compression, and the vibration energy turns into gaseous 3's internal energy, carries out the third level damping. When a large vibration load or impact load is met, the shock absorber can generate large axial displacement, the first limiting structure 71 and the second limiting structure 72 of the air storage cavity C2 are in contact, the limiting structure 7 plays a role in axial limiting and buffering, the shock absorber can be prevented from generating large tensile displacement in the axial direction, and low-frequency vibration is reduced. The panel 8 is arranged at the bottom of the shock absorber, the gas 3 in the gas storage cavity C2 is subjected to the rebounding force of the panel 8 and can reversely compress the third sub-cavity C13 and the fourth sub-cavity C14, the third sub-cavity C13 and the fourth sub-cavity C14 are subjected to compression deformation, and the inflowing damping liquid 2 is squeezed back to the first sub-cavity C11 and the second sub-cavity C12 through the third throttling channel R21 and the fourth throttling channel R22. After repeating the above steps for a plurality of cycles, the axial vibration impact is gradually attenuated.

When the vehicle frame is subjected to a radial vibration impact, the side of the shock absorber rubber main body 1 subjected to the vibration impact (for example, the side of the first sub-cavity C11 and the side of the third sub-cavity C13) first performs a first-stage vibration attenuation by utilizing the viscoelastic damping characteristics of itself. The first sub-cavity C11 and the third sub-cavity C13 on one side impacted by vibration are subjected to compression deformation, the damping liquid 2 in the first sub-cavity C11 and the third sub-cavity C13 is squeezed into the second sub-cavity C12 and the fourth sub-cavity C14 on the other side through the first throttling channel R11 and the second throttling channel R12, and the damping liquid 2 generates large on-way pressure loss in the first throttling channel R11 and the second throttling channel R12, so that a part of vibration energy is attenuated, and secondary vibration reduction is performed. The second sub-chamber C12 and the fourth sub-chamber C14 on the other side are expanded due to the entering volume of the damping fluid 2, and the inner walls of the second sub-chamber C12 and the fourth sub-chamber C14 are squeezed to squeeze the inflowing damping fluid 2 back to the first sub-chamber C11 and the third sub-chamber C13 through the first throttling channel R11 and the second throttling channel R12. The radial vibration impact is gradually damped by the reciprocating flow of the damping fluid 2 in the throttling channel and the shearing motion of the molecules inside the rubber body 1.

When the vehicle frame is subjected to angular vibration impact, the shock absorber performs a first stage of vibration reduction through viscoelastic damping action inside the rubber main body 1 and compression deformation of the gas 3 in the gas storage chamber C2. First sub-chamber layer or second sub-chamber layer receive the compression, squeeze into another sub-chamber layer with damping liquid 2 in one of them sub-chamber layer through fifth throttle passage R31 and sixth throttle passage R32, damping liquid 2 produces great along journey loss of pressure at fifth throttle passage R31 and sixth throttle passage R32 and carries out the second grade damping, the sub-chamber volume increase on another sub-chamber layer receives the bounce of its inner wall, 2 backward squeezes the damping liquid who flows in back original sub-chamber layer. After such a few cycles, the angular vibration shock is gradually attenuated.

The shock absorber and the vehicle of the above embodiment of the present disclosure have at least one of the following advantages:

the vibration damping device can buffer the vibration and impact from different directions such as axial vibration, radial vibration, angular vibration and the like, and is more flexible in application occasions and installation positions;

the rubber shock absorber, the hydraulic damping shock absorber and the gas spring shock absorber are organically combined together, so that the natural frequency is low, the response time is short, the compression amount is large, the instantaneous impact is resisted, and the application range of the shock absorber is expanded;

the gas quality of the gas storage cavity is adjustable, so that the rigidity of the shock absorber is adjustable, and the vibration isolation characteristic of the shock absorber can be correspondingly adjusted according to the actual working condition;

the gas storage cavity provided with the limiting structure is beneficial to preventing the shock absorber from generating overlarge axial displacement and reducing low-frequency vibration.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and not to limit them; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications to the embodiments of the disclosure or equivalent replacements of parts of the technical features may be made, which are all covered by the technical solution claimed by the disclosure.

Claims (16)

1. A damper, characterized by comprising a rubber body (1), said rubber body (1) having:

a gas storage cavity (C2), the gas storage cavity (C2) being filled with gas (3); and

liquid storage chamber (C1), along upper and lower direction with gas storage chamber (C2) separates each other the layering and arranges, be full of damping fluid (2) in liquid storage chamber (C1), liquid storage chamber (C1) includes a plurality of sub-chambers, a plurality of sub-chambers communicate each other and arrange into one or more sub-chamber layers along upper and lower direction through the throttle passageway, wherein, at least one sub-chamber layer includes more than two the sub-chamber.

2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein each of said sub-chambers of a same sub-chamber layer is symmetrical about a center line in an up-down direction.

3. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein said throttling passage is provided between every two of said sub-chambers of a same said sub-chamber layer, and said throttling passage is provided between any one of said sub-chambers of one of said adjacent sub-chamber layers and each of said sub-chambers of the other sub-chamber layer.

4. The shock absorber according to claim 1,

the at least one layer of subcavities includes a first layer of subcavities including a first subcavity (C11) and a second subcavity (C12), and a second layer of subcavities including a third subcavity (C13) located below the first subcavity (C11) and a fourth subcavity (C14) located below the second subcavity (C12);

the throttling passage comprises a first throttling passage (R11), a second throttling passage (R12), a third throttling passage (R21) and a fourth throttling passage (R22), the first sub-chamber (C11) and the second sub-chamber (C12) are communicated through the first throttling passage (R11), the third sub-chamber (C13) and the fourth sub-chamber (C14) are communicated through the second throttling passage (R12), the first sub-chamber (C11) and the third sub-chamber (C13) are communicated through the third throttling passage (R21), and the second sub-chamber (C12) and the fourth sub-chamber (C14) are communicated through the fourth throttling passage (R22).

5. The shock absorber according to claim 4, wherein said throttle passage comprises a fifth throttle passage (R31) and a sixth throttle passage (R32), said first sub-chamber (C11) and said fourth sub-chamber (C14) communicating through said fifth throttle passage (R31), said second sub-chamber (C12) and said third sub-chamber (C13) communicating through said sixth throttle passage (R32).

6. Shock absorber according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said air reservoir chamber (C2) is located below said liquid reservoir chamber (C1).

7. Shock absorber according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said rubber body (1) has a liquid filling hole communicating with said reservoir (C1) for filling and filling said damping liquid (2) into said reservoir (C1).

8. The shock absorber according to claim 7, comprising a charging valve (51) and a first seal (52), said charging valve (51) being disposed within said charging hole, said first seal (52) sealing outside said charging hole.

9. Shock absorber according to one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the mass of the gas (3) in the gas reservoir (C2) is adjustably set.

10. Shock absorber according to claim 9, wherein said rubber body (1) has an air inflation hole communicating with said air reservoir (C2), said air inflation hole being used for inflating and deflating said air reservoir (C2) with said gas (3) for adjusting the mass of said gas (3).

11. The shock absorber according to claim 10, comprising an inflation valve (61) and a second seal (62), said inflation valve (61) being disposed within said inflation aperture, said second seal (62) sealing outside said inflation aperture.

12. Shock absorber according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a stop structure (7) at the bottom and/or at the top of the air reservoir (C2), the stop structure (7) being arranged protruding to the top side and/or the bottom side of the air reservoir (C2).

13. Damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising a panel (8) arranged at the bottom of the rubber body (1).

14. The damper according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising a fixing portion provided on the rubber body (1) for connecting the damper with a base of a vibration isolation system and/or a vibration isolation object of a vibration isolation system.

15. The damper of claim 14, wherein the fixed portion comprises:

a first fixing part (41) which is arranged on the top of the rubber main body (1) and is used for being fixedly connected with an anti-vibration object of an anti-vibration system; and

and the second fixing part (42) is arranged at the side part of the rubber main body (1) and is used for being fixedly connected with a base of the vibration isolation system.

16. A vehicle characterized by comprising the shock absorber of any one of claims 1 to 15.

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