CN111437556A - Fire detector, fire detection method and automatic fire extinguishing system - Google Patents
Fire detector, fire detection method and automatic fire extinguishing system Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
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- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a fire detector, a fire detection method and an automatic fire extinguishing system. The fire detector includes: the at least three groups of light sensors are used for detecting light signals generated by flames in the target area and converting the light signals into light intensity signals; and the data processing module is electrically connected with the at least three groups of light sensors respectively and is used for calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area according to the light intensity signals provided by the light sensors and the positions of the light sensors. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the existing fire detector can only carry out early warning, not only can realize the calculation of the light intensity of the flame in a target area, thereby more accurately judging and early warning the fire, improving the accuracy of flame early warning, but also can determine the specific position of the flame, is beneficial to pertinently extinguishing the fire and timely eliminating the hidden danger of the fire.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of fire detection, in particular to a fire detector, a fire detection method and an automatic fire extinguishing system.
Background
In recent years, new products have been continuously developed in the fire detector technology, and in order to perform fire early warning and fire fighting, an automatic fire extinguishing device is generally installed on the site to prevent a fire from occurring.
The traditional fire extinguisher used in the market at present is mainly in a spraying mode, the early warning is mainly carried out through a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor, and the fire extinguishing purpose is achieved by controlling water spraying. Moreover, since the fire detection is performed by temperature, smoke, etc., the fire has already developed, and the fire extinguishment is delayed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fire detector, a fire detection method and an automatic fire extinguishing system, which are used for determining the specific position of flame and realizing timely prevention of fire.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fire detector, including:
the at least three groups of light sensors are used for detecting light signals generated by flames in the target area and converting the light signals into light intensity signals;
and the data processing module is electrically connected with the at least three groups of light sensors respectively and is used for calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area according to the light intensity signals provided by the light sensors and the positions of the light sensors.
Optionally, the fire detector comprises a plurality of detection surfaces, each detection surface is provided with at least three groups of the light sensors, and the at least three groups of the light sensors on the same detection surface are used for detecting light signals generated by flames in the same target area;
and the data processing module is electrically connected with the at least three groups of optical sensors on each detection surface respectively, and is used for calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area corresponding to each detection surface according to the light intensity signal provided by each optical sensor on each detection surface and the position of each optical sensor.
Optionally, each set of the light sensors includes an ultraviolet light sensor and an infrared light sensor, and the ultraviolet light sensor is configured to detect an ultraviolet light signal generated by flames in the target area and convert the ultraviolet light signal into an ultraviolet light intensity signal; the infrared light sensor is used for detecting an infrared light signal generated by flame in a target area and converting the infrared light signal into an infrared light signal;
the data processing module is respectively electrically connected with the ultraviolet light sensor and the infrared light sensor in each group of light sensors, and is used for calculating and determining a first position of flame in the target area and/or light intensity in an ultraviolet band according to ultraviolet light intensity signals provided by the ultraviolet light sensors in each group and the positions of the ultraviolet light sensors in each group;
the data processing module is further used for calculating and determining a second position of the flame in the target area and/or the light intensity in an infrared band according to the infrared light intensity signals provided by the infrared light sensors in each group and the positions of the infrared light sensors in each group;
the data processing module is further configured to average the first position and the second position to determine a target position of the flame in the target region, and/or determine a light intensity curve of the flame in the target region according to a light intensity in an ultraviolet band and a light intensity in an infrared band.
Optionally, each set of light sensors includes one ultraviolet light sensor and two or three infrared light sensors, the center detection wavelengths of the two or three infrared light sensors being different.
Optionally, the fire detector includes a first group of light sensors, a second group of light sensors, and a third group of light sensors, and the first group of light sensors, the second group of light sensors, and the third group of light sensors are arranged in a straight line at equal intervals or in a triangular arrangement;
or the fire detector comprises a first group of light sensors, a second group of light sensors, a third group of light sensors and a fourth group of light sensors, wherein the first group of light sensors, the second group of light sensors, the third group of light sensors and the fourth group of light sensors are arranged in a rhombic shape at four corners.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a fire detection method using the fire detector according to any one of the first aspect, the fire detection method including:
receiving light intensity signals provided by at least three groups of light sensors, wherein the light intensity signals are formed by converting light signals generated by flames in a target area detected by the light sensors;
determining a location of each of the light sensors;
calculating and determining the light intensity and/or position of the flame in the target area.
Optionally, before calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target region, the method further comprises:
and detecting the wave band and the flicker frequency of the light intensity signal provided by each light sensor so as to determine that the light intensity signal is the light intensity signal of the flame.
Optionally, each group of the optical sensors includes an ultraviolet light sensor and an infrared light sensor, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the ultraviolet light sensor and the infrared light sensor in each group of the optical sensors respectively;
receiving light intensity signals provided by at least three groups of light sensors, comprising:
receiving ultraviolet light intensity signals provided by the ultraviolet light sensors in each group and infrared light intensity signals provided by the infrared light sensors in each group;
determining a location of each of the light sensors, comprising:
determining the position of the ultraviolet light sensors in each group and the position of the infrared light sensors in each group;
calculating and determining the light intensity and/or location of flames in the target region, comprising:
calculating and determining a first position of the flame and/or a light intensity in the ultraviolet band in the target region;
calculating and determining a second location of the flame and/or the light intensity in the infrared band in the target region;
averaging the first and second positions to determine a target position of the flame in the target region, and/or determining a light intensity curve of the flame in the target region based on light intensity in the ultraviolet band and light intensity in the infrared band.
Optionally, the fire detector includes a first group of light sensors, a second group of light sensors, and a third group of light sensors, the first group of light sensors, the second group of light sensors, and the third group of light sensors are arranged in a straight line, and the third group of light sensors is located at the center of a connecting line of the first group of light sensors and the second group of light sensors;
calculating and determining the light intensity and/or location of flames in the target region, comprising:
according to the light intensity signals SA, SB and SC provided by the first group of light sensors, the second group of light sensors and the third group of light sensors, the distance between the first group of light sensors and the second group of light sensors, the light intensity signal measurement formula of the light sensors is that R-K P/(X)2) And theorem of triangle central line
Calculating the light intensity P of the flame in the target region and/or the distance A, B, C of the flame in the target region from the first set of light sensors, the second set of light sensors, and the third set of light sensors; where K is the constant of the light sensor, P is the light intensity of the flame in the target area, X is the distance between the flame and the light sensor, and R is the light intensity signal formed by the light sensor.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide an automatic fire extinguishing system including a fire detector according to any one of the first aspect.
Optionally, the automatic fire extinguishing system further comprises a linked fire extinguishing device, and the linked fire extinguishing device is electrically connected with the data processing module in the fire detector;
the data processing module is used for calculating and determining the relative position of the flame in the target area and each light sensor according to the light intensity signal provided by each light sensor and the position of each light sensor, and the relative position comprises a relative distance and an inclination angle;
and the linkage fire extinguishing device is used for adjusting the corresponding fire extinguishing angle to extinguish fire according to the relative position of the flame and each optical sensor in the target area.
According to the fire detector, the fire detection method and the automatic fire extinguishing system provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least three groups of optical sensors and a data processing module are arranged, optical signals generated by flames in a target area are detected by the at least three groups of optical sensors and converted into light intensity signals, and the data processing module can calculate and determine the light intensity and/or the position of the flames in the target area according to the positions of the optical sensors and the relationship and the geometric relationship between the light intensity signals detected by the optical sensors and the distance. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the existing fire detector can only carry out early warning, not only can realize the calculation of the light intensity of the flame in a target area, thereby more accurately judging and early warning the fire, improving the accuracy of flame early warning, but also can determine the specific position of the flame, is beneficial to pertinently extinguishing the fire and timely eliminating the hidden danger of the fire.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fire detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of fire detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another fire detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of yet another method of fire detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of various optical sensors provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another fire detector provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the flame detection geometry shown in a) of FIG. 5;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic fire extinguishing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire detector according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the fire detector includes at least three sets of optical sensors 10 for detecting optical signals generated by flames in a target area 100 and converting the optical signals into optical intensity signals; and the data processing module 20 is electrically connected with the at least three groups of light sensors 10 respectively, and the data processing module 20 is used for calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area 100 according to the light intensity signals provided by the light sensors and the positions of the light sensors 10.
Wherein, the light intensity signal formed by the light sensor 10 is in direct proportion to the received light signal of the flame, and the light signal of the flame is attenuated in the propagation process, so that the light intensity signal of the light sensor 10 and the distance between the light sensor and the flame satisfy the relation of R ═ K × P/(X)2) Where K is the constant of the light sensor, P is the light intensity of the flame in the target area, and X is the distance between the flame and the light sensor. Obviously, from the light intensity signals measured by the light sensors 10, it is possible to obtain the distance between each light sensor 10 and the flame in the target area as a function of the light intensity P of the flame containing an unknown number. With the relative positions of the at least three groups of light sensors 10 known, the distance between each light sensor 10 and the flame in the target area 100 satisfies a certain geometric relationship, in other words, when the position of the flame changes, the distance between each light sensor 10 and the flame in the target area will change synchronously according to a fixed rule, and the fixed rule can be obtained by the geometric relationship of the at least three groups of light sensors 10. Based on this, according to the geometric position of at least three groups of light sensors 10The relationship can be calculated to obtain the light intensity P of the flame, and the distance between each light sensor 10 and the flame in the target area can also be obtained, and the position of the flame can be determined according to the distance between the light sensor 10 and the flame in the target area. It should be noted that the light intensity can be used for detecting and judging the size and intensity of the flame, so as to accurately alarm the fire; and the position of the flame can be used for carrying out targeted fire extinguishing operation, so that a person skilled in the art can set the data processing module to output the flame light intensity or the flame position according to actual needs.
According to the fire detector provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least three groups of optical sensors and a data processing module are arranged, optical signals generated by flames in a target area are detected by the at least three groups of optical sensors and converted into light intensity signals, and the data processing module can calculate and determine the light intensity and/or the position of the flames in the target area according to the position of each optical sensor and the relationship between the light intensity signals detected by the optical sensors and the distance and the geometric relationship. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the existing fire detector can only carry out early warning, not only can realize the calculation of the light intensity of the flame in a target area, thereby more accurately judging and early warning the fire, improving the accuracy of flame early warning, but also can determine the specific position of the flame, is beneficial to pertinently extinguishing the fire and timely eliminating the hidden danger of the fire.
Based on the fire detector, the embodiment of the invention also provides a fire detection method. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a fire detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, the fire detection method may be executed by a data processing module, and includes:
s110, receiving light intensity signals provided by at least three groups of light sensors, wherein the light intensity signals are formed by converting light signals generated by detecting flames in a target area by the light sensors;
s120, determining the positions of the optical sensors;
s130, calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid the influence of other stray light in the target area on the fire detection, in the fire detector and the fire detection method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to determine the optical signal as the optical signal of the flame in the target area in advance. Specifically, before calculating and determining the light intensity and/or position of the flame in the target region in step S130, the method further includes:
s131, detecting the wave band and the flicker frequency of the light intensity signals provided by the light sensors to determine that the light intensity signals are the light intensity signals of flames.
Generally, the optical sensor receives various optical signals in a target area, and the optical signal of the flame has a special waveband and can form a flicker characteristic compared with other optical signals.
Specifically, in order to accurately measure the position of the flame, the measurement of the light signal of the flame may be performed using light sensors of different wavelength bands. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another fire detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, each set of light sensors 10 in the fire detector includes an ultraviolet light sensor 101 and an infrared light sensor 102, the ultraviolet light sensor 101 is configured to detect an ultraviolet light signal generated by flames in a target area and convert the ultraviolet light signal into an ultraviolet light intensity signal; the infrared light sensor 102 is used for detecting an infrared light signal generated by flame in a target area and converting the infrared light signal into an infrared light signal;
the data processing module 20 is electrically connected to the ultraviolet light sensor 101 and the infrared light sensor 102 in each group of light sensors 10, respectively, and the data processing module 20 is configured to calculate and determine a first position of a flame in the target area 100 and/or a light intensity in an ultraviolet band according to an ultraviolet light intensity signal provided by the ultraviolet light sensor 101 in each group and a position of the ultraviolet light sensor 101 in each group;
the data processing module 20 is further configured to calculate and determine a second position of the flame in the target area and/or the light intensity in the infrared band according to the infrared light intensity signals provided by the infrared light sensors 102 in each group and the positions of the infrared light sensors 102 in each group;
the data processing module is further configured to average the first position and the second position to determine a target position of the flame in the target region, and/or determine a light intensity curve of the flame in the target region based on the light intensity in the ultraviolet band and the light intensity in the infrared band.
In the fire detector shown in fig. 3, each set of the light sensors 10 is composed of an ultraviolet light sensor 101 and two infrared light sensors 102, and the two infrared light sensors 102 are substantially different from each other in that the center detection wavelengths thereof are different. Three ultraviolet light sensors 101 in the three groups detect light intensity signals of an ultraviolet light band, and the data processing module 20 can independently determine the intensity and the position of flame in the target area according to the positions of the three ultraviolet light sensors 101. And the three infrared light sensors 102 with the same wavelength band in the three groups can detect the light intensity signals with the infrared wavelength band, and the data processing module 20 can separately determine the intensity and the position of the flame in the target area according to the positions of the three infrared light sensors 102. Of course, it is understood that the intensity of the flame obtained by the ultraviolet light sensor is the light intensity of the flame in the ultraviolet band, and the intensity of the flame obtained by the infrared light sensor is the light intensity of the flame in the infrared band. Furthermore, the data processing module 20 can use the calculated light intensities of different wave bands to draw the relationship curve of the light intensity of the flame and the wavelength. Based on this, those skilled in the art may also choose to set up optical sensors not limited to multiple bands of ultraviolet and infrared, so as to be used for plotting the full wavelength light intensity curve of the flame, without limitation. Meanwhile, since the data processing module 20 can calculate the positions of a plurality of flames, the positions of the flames can be accurately positioned by averaging.
In the fire detector shown in fig. 3, in addition to the configuration including one ultraviolet light sensor and two infrared light sensors, an infrared light sensor may be added to provide a sufficient basis for determining flames, for example, three infrared light sensors may be added, and an infrared light signal of three wavelength bands and an ultraviolet light signal of one wavelength band may be used to determine that the light signal in the target area is from flames.
Another fire detection method is provided by an embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to the fire detector shown in fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a flowchart of another fire detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3 and 4, first, in the fire detector, each group of light sensors 10 includes an ultraviolet light sensor 101 and an infrared light sensor 102, and the data processing module 20 is electrically connected to the ultraviolet light sensor 101 and the infrared light sensor 102 in each group of light sensors 10, respectively. The fire detection method is executed by a data processing module and specifically comprises the following steps:
s210, receiving ultraviolet light intensity signals provided by ultraviolet light sensors in each group and infrared light intensity signals provided by infrared light sensors in each group;
s220, determining the positions of the ultraviolet light sensors in each group and the positions of the infrared light sensors in each group;
s230, calculating and determining a first position of the flame in the target area and/or the light intensity in an ultraviolet band;
s240, calculating and determining a second position of the flame in the target area and/or the light intensity in the infrared band;
s250, averaging the first position and the second position to determine the target position of the flame in the target area, and/or determining a light intensity curve of the flame in the target area according to the light intensity in the ultraviolet band and the light intensity in the infrared band.
For different application scenes such as gas stations, forests, meadows and the like, the size of the fire detector and the arrangement mode of the optical sensors in the fire detector provided by the embodiment of the invention can be reasonably adjusted so as to ensure the accurate detection of the flame condition of a target area. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a plurality of optical sensors according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, in particular, the fire detector may include a first group of optical sensors 11, a second group of optical sensors 12, and a third group of optical sensors 13, as shown in a) of fig. 5, the first group of optical sensors 11, the second group of optical sensors 12, and the third group of optical sensors 13 may be arranged in a straight line at equal intervals; alternatively, as shown in b) of fig. 5, the first group of photosensors 11, the second group of photosensors 12, and the third group of photosensors 13 may be arranged in a triangular arrangement; alternatively, referring to fig. 5 c), the fire detector includes a first group of photo sensors 11, a second group of photo sensors 12, a third group of photo sensors 13, and a fourth group of photo sensors 14, and the first group of photo sensors 11, the second group of photo sensors 12, the third group of photo sensors 13, and the fourth group of photo sensors 14 are arranged at four corners of a diamond shape.
For example, in an airport, farm, or grassland, fire detection may be performed by an airplane. In this scenario, the fire detector provided by the embodiment of the invention may include three sets of optical sensors, and the three sets of optical sensors may be respectively installed at three positions of the belly and the ends of the two wings to form an equidistant linear arrangement. For the application scene of the gas station, the fire detector provided by the embodiment of the invention can also comprise three groups of light sensors, and the three groups of light sensors can be respectively arranged at three positions of the ceiling of the gas station in a triangular arrangement. In addition, the fire detector provided by the embodiment of the invention can be manufactured into a movable fire detector and used for detecting the flame trend in a fire scene. The movable fire detector can be provided with three groups of light sensors which are arranged in a straight line or in a triangular mode at equal intervals.
Further, considering that the target area is generally 360 degrees panoramic in application scenes such as forests, the fire detector can be arranged to comprise a plurality of detection surfaces. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another fire detector provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the fire detector includes a plurality of detection surfaces 200, each detection surface 200 is provided with at least three sets of light sensors 10, and at least three sets of light sensors 10 on the same detection surface are used for detecting light signals generated by flames in the same target area 100; and the data processing module (not shown in the figure) is electrically connected with the at least three groups of light sensors 10 on each detection surface 200 respectively, and is used for calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area 100 corresponding to each detection surface 200 according to the light intensity signal provided by each light sensor on each detection surface 200 and the position of each light sensor.
It should be noted that, because a plurality of detection surfaces 200 are provided, the entire fire detector includes more optical sensors, in order to distinguish the light intensity signals of the optical sensors on the same detection surface 200, and achieve the measurement and calculation of the light intensity and the position of the flame in the same target area, the optical sensors may be labeled or grouped, and in the calculation process, the light intensity signals of the optical sensors on the same detection surface 200 are used for calculating the light intensity and the position of the flame in the same target area, so as to avoid confusion. Illustratively, the flame detector shown in fig. 6 includes three detection surfaces 200, which are respectively used for correspondingly detecting a fire hazard in three target regions 100. The number of detection surfaces 200 in the flame detector depends on the detection angle of the light sensor in each detection surface 200, and as shown in the figure, three detection surfaces 200 can meet the fire detection of 360 degrees horizontally on the premise that each detection surface 200 meets the detection angle of 120 degrees of view width. Of course, in order to accurately detect a fire hazard, a person skilled in the art may consider more detection planes 200, and the accurate detection is realized by reducing the amplitude angle of the target area.
The following description will be given of a calculation derivation process of a fire detector including three sets of photosensors, taking the fire detector shown in a) of fig. 5 as an example. Fig. 7 is a geometrical diagram of flame detection shown in a) of fig. 5, and referring to fig. 7, first, the fire detector includes a first group of photo sensors 11, a second group of photo sensors 12, and a third group of photo sensors 13, the first group of photo sensors 11, the second group of photo sensors 12, and the third group of photo sensors 13 are arranged in a straight line, and the third group of photo sensors 13 is located at the center of the line connecting the first group of photo sensors 11 and the second group of photo sensors 12; the data processing module, when performing the steps of calculating and determining the light intensity and/or position of the flame in the target region, may specifically include:
according to the light intensity signals SA, SB and SC provided by the first group of light sensors, the second group of light sensors and the third group of light sensors and the distance between the first group of light sensors and the second group of light sensors, the light intensity signal measurement formula of the light sensors is that K P/(X)2) And theorem of triangle central line
Calculating the light intensity P of the flame in the target area and/or the flame in the target area and the first, second and third sets of light sensorsDistance A, B, C; where K is the constant of the light sensor, P is the light intensity of the flame in the target area, X is the distance between the flame and the light sensor, and R is the light intensity signal formed by the light sensor.
Referring to fig. 7, if the light intensity signal of the flame in the target area collected by any one of the sets of optical sensors is R, and the distance between the set of optical sensors and the flame in the target area is X, the light intensity signal R and the distance X satisfy the relationship:
R＝K*P/(X2) (formula 1);
wherein K is the constant of the light sensor, P is the light intensity of the flame in the target area, and the light intensity signal R collected by the light sensor is in direct proportion to the light intensity P at the flame and in inverse proportion to the square of the distance X. Therefore, on the basis of the known light intensity signals SA, SB and SC measured by the three groups of light sensors, the following relation is satisfied by deducing and obtaining the distances A, B, C between the three groups of light sensors and the flame:
for three groups of optical sensors arranged in a straight line, when the distance between the first group of sensors 11 and the second group of sensors 12 is known as D, it can be known A, B, C, D that the following relation is satisfied according to the central line theorem:
the value of P, that is, the light intensity of the flame in the target region, can be calculated by taking the formula 2, the formula 3, and the formula 4 into the formula 5. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the A, B, C can be derived by taking equation 6 into equations 2, 3 and 4 respectively, that is, the distances A, B, C between the three sets of optical sensors and the flames in the target region can be known, so that the three sets of optical sensors can be used for locating the positions of the flames.
In the above light intensity measurement formula of the light sensor, the value of K depends only on the selected light sensor itself, and the specific value of K can be obtained by experiments in advance. In the following, a simple example of the calculation process of the K value is given, specifically, after the light sensor is selected, the light sensor is used to perform a light intensity test on a specific flame, where the specific flame has a specific light intensity, that is, the light intensity P at the flame is known, a light intensity signal R is obtained by the light sensor, and the distance X between the light sensor and the flame is measured at the same time, that is, the light intensity signal test formula R ═ K × P/(X) can be obtained according to the light intensity signal test formula R ═ K × P2) And calculating to obtain a K value. Here, the flame intensity P can be set to a standard value, for example, a standard flame with an intensity P0After K value is obtained through calculation, the light intensity P of the flame in the target area is obtained through K value calculation and is substantially the light intensity of the standard flame, and the judgment of the flame intensity by utilizing the light intensity of the flame is substantially realized according to the light intensity of the flame relative to the standard flame.
It should be noted that, during the application process of the fire detector, the sensitivity needs to be set reasonably, and for different application scenarios, the sensitivity of the fire detector should meet the actual needs of the application scenarios. The sensitivity of the fire detector is used not only to accurately determine the potential fire hazard, but also to avoid false determination of a fire. The sensitivity adjustment of the fire detector is essentially to set a reasonable safety threshold in the process of fire judgment, and when the light intensity of flame is greater than the safety threshold, the fire is judged to be hidden danger, so that fire early warning or fire extinguishing treatment is carried out; and when the light intensity of the flame is less than the safety threshold value, the fire hazard is not considered. Obviously, in a complex environment where stray light exists at a gas station or the like, the fire detector needs to avoid misjudgment of stray light such as a vehicle lamp, and therefore, the safety threshold can be adjusted higher, and the sensitivity of the fire detector is relatively reduced. In the scenes with simple environment such as forests and the like, the safety threshold value can be reduced, so that the sensitivity of the fire detector is relatively increased, and the occurrence of fire is avoided as much as possible.
On the basis of the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides an automatic fire extinguishing system. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an automatic fire extinguishing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, including the fire detector 1 according to any of the above embodiments. By using the fire detector 1 provided by the embodiment, the flame in the target area can be accurately determined, the early warning and alarming of the fire can be realized, and the accurate position of the fire can be calculated to perform automatic fire extinguishing operation.
With continued reference to fig. 8, further, a linked fire extinguishing apparatus 2 may be further disposed in the automatic fire extinguishing system, and the linked fire extinguishing apparatus 2 is electrically connected to the data processing module 20 in the fire detector 1; the data processing module 20 is used for calculating and determining the relative position of the flame in the target area and each light sensor according to the light intensity signal provided by each light sensor 10 and the position of each light sensor, wherein the relative position comprises a relative distance and an inclination angle; the linkage fire extinguishing device 2 is used for adjusting the fire extinguishing angle to a corresponding fire extinguishing angle according to the relative position of the flame and each optical sensor in the target area.
The linkage fire extinguishing device 2 can be a fire extinguishing device such as a water cannon, and aiming positioning of the water cannon needs to be carried out according to a calculation result of the data processing module 20. Specifically, the control process of the automatic fire extinguishing system will be described below by taking a fire detector with a three-group optical sensor structure as an example. Continuing with the example of the fire detector shown in fig. 7, from the foregoing calculation derivation process, on the premise that the distances D between the first set of photosensors 11 and the second set of photosensors 12 are known, and the light intensities SA, SB, and SC collected by the three sets of photosensors are known, the distances A, B, C between the first set of photosensors 11, the second set of photosensors 12, and the third set of photosensors 13 and the flames in the target area can be calculated, and according to the cosine theorem of a triangle a2＝D2+B2-2*D*B*And the COS (α) is used for calculating two angle values of AA and AB, determining the flame location through the distance value A, B, C and the angle values of AA and AB based on the positions of the optical sensors, and driving the linkage fire extinguishing device to adjust the aiming angle so as to realize accurate fire extinguishing operation.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A fire detector, comprising:
the at least three groups of light sensors are used for detecting light signals generated by flames in the target area and converting the light signals into light intensity signals;
and the data processing module is electrically connected with the at least three groups of light sensors respectively and is used for calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area according to the light intensity signals provided by the light sensors and the positions of the light sensors.
2. A fire detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire detector comprises a plurality of detection surfaces, at least three sets of the light sensors being provided on each detection surface, the at least three sets of light sensors on the same detection surface being arranged to detect light signals generated by flames in the same target area;
and the data processing module is electrically connected with the at least three groups of optical sensors on each detection surface respectively, and is used for calculating and determining the light intensity and/or the position of the flame in the target area corresponding to each detection surface according to the light intensity signal provided by each optical sensor on each detection surface and the position of each optical sensor.
3. The fire detector of claim 1, wherein each set of the light sensors includes an ultraviolet light sensor and an infrared light sensor, the ultraviolet light sensor being configured to detect an ultraviolet light signal generated by a flame in the target area and to convert the ultraviolet light signal to form an ultraviolet light intensity signal; the infrared light sensor is used for detecting an infrared light signal generated by flame in a target area and converting the infrared light signal into an infrared light signal;
the data processing module is respectively electrically connected with the ultraviolet light sensor and the infrared light sensor in each group of light sensors, and is used for calculating and determining a first position of flame in the target area and/or light intensity in an ultraviolet band according to ultraviolet light intensity signals provided by the ultraviolet light sensors in each group and the positions of the ultraviolet light sensors in each group;
the data processing module is further used for calculating and determining a second position of the flame in the target area and/or the light intensity in an infrared band according to the infrared light intensity signals provided by the infrared light sensors in each group and the positions of the infrared light sensors in each group;
the data processing module is further configured to average the first position and the second position to determine a target position of the flame in the target region, and/or determine a light intensity curve of the flame in the target region according to a light intensity in an ultraviolet band and a light intensity in an infrared band.
4. A fire detector as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that each set of light sensors comprises one ultraviolet light sensor and two or three infrared light sensors, the centre detection wavelengths of the two or three infrared light sensors being different.
5. The fire detector of claim 1, wherein the fire detector comprises a first set of photosensors, a second set of photosensors, and a third set of photosensors, the first set of photosensors, the second set of photosensors, and the third set of photosensors being arranged in a straight line at equal intervals or in a triangular arrangement;
or the fire detector comprises a first group of light sensors, a second group of light sensors, a third group of light sensors and a fourth group of light sensors, wherein the first group of light sensors, the second group of light sensors, the third group of light sensors and the fourth group of light sensors are arranged in a rhombic shape at four corners.
6. A fire detection method using the fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the fire detection method comprising:
receiving light intensity signals provided by at least three groups of light sensors, wherein the light intensity signals are formed by converting light signals generated by flames in a target area detected by the light sensors;
determining a location of each of the light sensors;
calculating and determining the light intensity and/or position of the flame in the target area.
7. A fire detection method as claimed in claim 6, wherein prior to calculating and determining the intensity and/or location of the flame in the target region, further comprising:
and detecting the wave band and the flicker frequency of the light intensity signal provided by each light sensor so as to determine that the light intensity signal is the light intensity signal of the flame.
8. The fire detection method of claim 7, wherein each group of the light sensors includes an ultraviolet light sensor and an infrared light sensor, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the ultraviolet light sensor and the infrared light sensor of each group of the light sensors, respectively;
receiving light intensity signals provided by at least three groups of light sensors, comprising:
receiving ultraviolet light intensity signals provided by the ultraviolet light sensors in each group and infrared light intensity signals provided by the infrared light sensors in each group;
determining a location of each of the light sensors, comprising:
determining the position of the ultraviolet light sensors in each group and the position of the infrared light sensors in each group;
calculating and determining the light intensity and/or location of flames in the target region, comprising:
calculating and determining a first position of the flame and/or a light intensity in the ultraviolet band in the target region;
calculating and determining a second location of the flame and/or the light intensity in the infrared band in the target region;
averaging the first and second positions to determine a target position of the flame in the target region, and/or determining a light intensity curve of the flame in the target region based on light intensity in the ultraviolet band and light intensity in the infrared band.
9. The fire detection method of claim 7, wherein the fire detector includes a first group of photosensors, a second group of photosensors, and a third group of photosensors, the first group of photosensors, the second group of photosensors, and the third group of photosensors are arranged in a straight line, and the third group of photosensors is located at a center of a line connecting the first group of photosensors and the second group of photosensors;
calculating and determining the light intensity and/or location of flames in the target region, comprising:
according to the light intensity signals SA, SB and SC provided by the first group of light sensors, the second group of light sensors and the third group of light sensors, the distance between the first group of light sensors and the second group of light sensors, the light intensity signal measurement formula of the light sensors is that R-K P/(X)2) And theorem of triangle central line
Calculating the light intensity P of the flame in the target area and/or the ratio of the flame in the target area to the flame in the target areaA distance A, B, C of the first, second, and third sets of photosensors; where K is the constant of the light sensor, P is the light intensity of the flame in the target area, X is the distance between the flame and the light sensor, and R is the light intensity signal formed by the light sensor.
10. An automatic fire extinguishing system, characterized by comprising a fire detector according to any one of claims 1-5.
11. The automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 10, further comprising a linked fire extinguishing device electrically connected to the data processing module in the fire detector;
the data processing module is used for calculating and determining the relative position of the flame in the target area and each light sensor according to the light intensity signal provided by each light sensor and the position of each light sensor, and the relative position comprises a relative distance and an inclination angle;
and the linkage fire extinguishing device is used for adjusting the corresponding fire extinguishing angle to extinguish fire according to the relative position of the flame and each optical sensor in the target area.
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