CN111420804A - Magnetoelectric composite gas purification method - Google Patents
Magnetoelectric composite gas purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111420804A CN111420804A CN202010227839.4A CN202010227839A CN111420804A CN 111420804 A CN111420804 A CN 111420804A CN 202010227839 A CN202010227839 A CN 202010227839A CN 111420804 A CN111420804 A CN 111420804A
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 321
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005367 electrostatic precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
- B03C3/0175—Amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. agglomeration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/36—Controlling flow of gases or vapour
- B03C3/361—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector
- B03C3/363—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector located before the filter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
- B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
Abstract
A magnetoelectric composite gas purification method comprises the following steps: a particle deflection collection mode, a polarization separation collection mode and a common discharge collection mode; the operation steps are as follows: step 1, entering a particulate matter deflection collection mode, and detecting whether a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity exist in the airflow; step 2, entering a polarity-dividing collection mode if a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity exist, and entering a common discharge collection mode if the particles do not exist; both collection modes use a concentration sensor feedback regulation method to determine the number of discharge voltages and/or corona wires. The method can detect and judge whether the aerosol particles have electric charges and the approximate proportion of the particles with positive, negative and neutral electric charges, and select a proper collection mode, thereby achieving the effects of improving the dust removal efficiency, reducing the use power consumption and reducing the volume of the purifier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas purification system, in particular to a magnetoelectric composite gas purification method, and belongs to the field of electrostatic dust removal.
Background
An electrostatic dust removal purifier is an air purification system commonly used in industry and life, scientist Becariya has successfully tested the phenomena of discharge and electric wind in a large amount of smoke gas as early as 1772, Coterel verifies the purification and filtration action of electrostatic force on dust-containing gas and applies the processing technique to the industry in 1906, the first electrostatic dust remover is built in 1907, and the dust is successfully treated in the industrial field, today the electrostatic dust removal technology is widely applied to almost all industrial fields, the principle of electrostatic dust removal is that gas molecules in the air are ionized by using a high-voltage direct-current electric field to generate a large amount of electrons and ions, the electrons and the ions move to two poles under the action of the electric field force, dust particles and bacteria in air flow are touched to charge the charged particles in the moving process, and the charged particles move to a polar plate with opposite charges under the action of the electric field force, under the action of the electric field, the effect of collecting dust particles in the airflow is achieved. The electromagnetic electrostatic dust collection technology is a leading research direction in the field of electrostatic dust collection and purification at present, and the principle is that a magnetic field is introduced into a dust collection area, and due to the action of Lorentz force, the detention time of particles in the dust collection area is prolonged, so that the particles can be more fully adsorbed by a dust collection plate, and the working efficiency of an electrostatic dust collector is improved.
One of the fundamental theories of electrostatic precipitation is the aerosol theory, i.e., a colloidal dispersion of small solid or liquid particles dispersed and suspended in a gaseous medium, also known as a gas dispersion. The dispersion phase is solid or liquid small particles with a size of 0.001-100 μm, and the dispersion medium is gas. The traditional electrostatic dust collection theory defaults the whole pollutant particles into neutral substances so as to facilitate the calculation of dust collection effect and the setting of relevant structure and voltage parameters, but not all particles are essentially neutral in the aerosol of contaminant particles, nor even the entire aerosol is electrically neutral, there are a lot of pollutant particles with positive or negative charges, for example wu chao, it is recorded in section 2.3.4 of the book "microparticle adhesion and removal" by li ming that almost all natural or industrial dusts actually have charges, and it can be seen from tables 2-6 that many dust particles detected by it have positive and negative charges with different proportions, and many factors affecting the self-charging of aerosol particles, it is related to the size, material, friction and impact, temperature and humidity of pollutant particles. The traditional electrostatic dust removal device does not pay more attention to the problem that aerosol particles are charged, the aerosol particles are collected after being charged as neutral particles, and the unidentified dust removal mode usually reduces the dust removal efficiency or increases the power consumption of the electrostatic dust removal device when meeting some aerosols with charges.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention provides a magnetoelectric composite gas purification method capable of judging whether aerosol particles have charges and performing corresponding subarea collection, which comprises the following steps: a particle deflection collection mode, a polarization separation collection mode and a common discharge collection mode;
the electric composite gas purifier comprises: the shell is provided with an air inlet channel, a particle deflection area, a particle collection area and an air outlet channel which are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction; a flow equalizing plate is arranged in the air inlet channel and is used for equalizing the entering air flow into laminar flow, the channel at the rear part of the air inlet channel is a horn-shaped opening and is connected with a shell of the particle deflection area, the rear part of the air inlet channel is the particle deflection area, an electromagnetic device is arranged on the shell corresponding to the particle deflection area and generates a deflection magnetic field in the particle deflection area, and the magnetic induction line direction of the deflection magnetic field is vertical to the air flow direction; the inner walls of the shells on two sides of the particle deflection area, which are parallel to the airflow direction, are provided with a deflection negative electrode and a deflection positive electrode in parallel;
the operation steps are as follows:
Further: the rear part of the particle deflection area is a particle collecting area which consists of a positive particle collecting area, a neutral particle collecting area and a negative particle collecting area which are arranged in parallel in the direction vertical to the airflow direction; the positive particle collecting region and the deflection negative electrode are positioned on the same side of the shell, the negative particle collecting region and the deflection positive electrode are positioned on the other side of the shell, the neutral particle collecting region is positioned between the positive particle collecting region and the negative particle collecting region and is opposite to the air inlet channel, and the three collecting regions are mutually isolated; the deflecting magnetic field and the electric field generated by the deflecting negative electrode and the deflecting positive electrode act together to deflect the positively charged particles in the airflow into the positive particle collecting region, deflect the negatively charged particles in the airflow into the negative particle collecting region, and enable the neutral particles to enter the neutral particle collecting region; the front part of the particle collecting area is provided with a front particle concentration sensor group which comprises: a positive charged particle concentration sensor, a neutral particle concentration sensor, and a negative charged particle concentration sensor; a positive particle concentration sensor is correspondingly arranged at the gas flow inlet of the positive particle collecting region; a neutral particle concentration sensor is correspondingly arranged at an air flow inlet of the neutral particle collecting region; and an airflow inlet of the negative electricity particle collecting region is correspondingly provided with a negative electricity particle concentration sensor.
Further: the rear part of the air inlet channel is provided with a pair of rotating guide plates, the rotating guide plates can rotate by adopting an electric hinge and have two modes of laminar flow guide and diffusion, when in the laminar flow guide mode, the two rotating guide plates are parallel to the air flow direction, and when in the diffusion mode, the two rotating guide plates are tightly attached to the inner wall of the shell at respective installation positions; the rear part of the air inlet channel is also provided with a main particle concentration sensor; the front parts of the positive electric particle collecting region, the neutral particle collecting region and the negative electric particle collecting region are provided with discharge groups, the rear parts of the positive electric particle collecting region, the neutral particle collecting region and the negative electric particle collecting region are provided with collecting groups, and each discharge group consists of a plurality of rows of corona wires; each collection group consists of a side collection plate and a baffling collection plate which are positioned on the side wall of each collection region; each discharge group and each collection group are respectively connected with high-voltage electricity with different polarities.
Further: further comprising a main particle concentration sensor disposed at the rear of the intake passage, the main concentration sensor detecting the concentration of particulate matter in the air flow at the outlet of the intake passage before step 1. When the concentration is higher than the preset value, the rotary guide plate is controlled to deform into a horn-shaped diffusion mode, pollutant particles in the airflow are fully distributed in the whole particle deflection area, meanwhile, the controllable high-voltage power supply is controlled to electrify the deflection negative electrode, the deflection positive electrode and the deflection magnetic field, and at the moment, the front particle concentration sensor group positioned in the front of the particle collection area at the rear part of the particle deflection area starts to work.
Further: the polarity-dividing collection mode specifically comprises the following steps: when the concentration value detected by the positive particle concentration sensor and/or the negative particle concentration sensor is larger than or equal to M times that detected by the neutral particle concentration sensor, and M is larger than 1, the existence of a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity in the particle deflection region can be judged, the rotating guide plate is controlled to deform into a laminar flow guiding mode, namely, the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply is controlled to be accessed to the discharge group in the positive particle collection region, and the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply is controlled to be accessed to the collection group in the positive particle collection region; controlling the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply to be connected to the discharge group in the neutral particle collecting region, and controlling the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply to be connected to the collecting group in the neutral particle collecting region; and controlling the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply to be connected to the discharge group in the negative electrode particle collecting region, and controlling the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply to be connected to the collecting group in the negative electrode particle collecting region.
Further: the common discharge collection mode is specifically as follows: when the concentration value detected by the positive electrode particle concentration sensor and/or the negative electrode particle concentration sensor is less than or equal to N times of the concentration value detected by the neutral particle concentration sensor, N is less than 1; or when the concentration value detected by the positive particle concentration sensor and/or the negative particle concentration sensor is less than M times that detected by the neutral particle concentration sensor, and M is more than 1, the condition that a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity do not exist in the particle deflection region can be judged, the deflection negative electrode, the deflection positive electrode and the deflection magnetic field are powered off, the discharge groups in the collection region are all connected with the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply, all the collection groups are connected with the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply, and the rotating guide plate is in a horn-shaped diffusion mode.
Further: the particulate matter concentration feedback regulation method comprises the following steps: a rear particle concentration sensor group is arranged at the rear part of the particle collecting region and is used for detecting the concentration of the particles in the exhaust air flow after electrostatic dust collection, and when the concentration detected by the rear particle concentration sensor group is greater than a preset value, the electrification number of corona wires in the discharge group is controlled to be increased and/or the voltage between the discharge group and the collecting group is controlled to be increased; when the concentration detected by the rear particle concentration sensor group is less than a preset value, controlling to reduce the electrified number of corona wires in the discharge group and/or controlling to reduce the voltage between the discharge group and the collection group.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. the technical bias in the prior art is overcome, and whether aerosol particles are charged or not and the approximate proportion of the particles with positive, negative and neutral charges can be detected and judged aiming at the pollutant aerosol with charges, and a proper collection mode is selected.
2. The aerosol particles with a large amount of positive and negative charges can be partitioned and purposefully charged and collected, so that the charging efficiency of the aerosol particles is improved, the dust removal efficiency is improved, and the power consumption of the electrostatic dust removal device is reduced.
3. The intelligent dynamic feedback control mode of the sensor is adopted, the accurate feedback control of the discharge quantity and the discharge voltage of the discharge electrode is realized, the power consumption of the electrostatic dust collection device is effectively controlled while the gas purification efficiency is ensured, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.
4. The baffling collecting plate with the novel structure is adopted, so that the charged particles can form a vortex more easily, the charged particles can be contacted with the collecting plate more fully, and the collecting efficiency of the particles is improved.
And 5, a magnetoelectric composite deflection structure is adopted, so that the deflection effect is enhanced, and the volume of the electrostatic dust collection device is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control schematic diagram of an intelligent gas purification system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an intelligent gas purification system;
FIG. 3 is a control logic diagram of the intelligent gas purification system;
FIG. 4 is a logic diagram of concentration feedback adjustment in zone B of the intelligent gas purification system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the area A of the intelligent gas purification system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of another intelligent gas purification system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third intelligent gas purification system;
description of reference numerals:
A. a particle deflection zone; a-1, deflecting the negative electrode; a-2, deflecting the positive electrode; a-3, deflecting magnetic field; B. a particle collection region; b-1, a positive particle collecting region; b-2, a neutral particle collecting region; b-3, a negative electrode particle collecting region; b-1-1, discharging one group; b-2-1, two groups of discharge; b-3-1, three groups of discharging; b-1-2, collecting one group; b-2-2, collecting two groups; b-3-2, collecting three groups;
1. a housing; 1-1, an air inlet channel; 1-2, an air outlet channel; 2. a flow equalizing plate; 3. rotating the guide plate; 4. a primary particle concentration sensor; 5. a front particle concentration sensor group; 5-1, a positive charged particle concentration sensor; 5-2, a neutral particle concentration sensor; 5-3, a negative electric particle concentration sensor; 6. a rear set of particle concentration sensors; 6-1, a rear particle concentration sensor I; 6-2, a rear particle concentration sensor II; 6-3, a rear particle concentration sensor III; 7. a controllable high voltage power supply; 8. a power supply relay group; 9. a corona wire; 10. a baffle collection plate; 11. a side collection plate; 12. and a controller.
Detailed Description
Example one
An intelligent gas purification system as shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises an electrostatic dust removal device, wherein the device is provided with a shell 1, and the device comprises a gas inlet channel 1-1, a particle deflection area A, a particle collection area B and a gas outlet channel 1-2; the airflow sequentially passes through an air inlet channel 1-1, a particle deflection area A, a particle collection area B and an air outlet channel 1-2; a flow equalizing plate 2 is arranged in the air inlet channel 1-1 and is used for equalizing the entering air flow into laminar flow, and a channel at the rear part of the air inlet channel 1-1 is a horn-shaped opening and is connected with a shell of the particle deflection area A; the rear part of the air inlet channel 1-1 is provided with a pair of rotating guide plates 3, the rotating guide plates 3 can rotate by adopting an electric hinge and have two modes of laminar flow guide and diffusion, when in the laminar flow guide mode, the two rotating guide plates 3 are parallel to the air flow direction, and when in the diffusion mode, the two rotating guide plates 3 are tightly attached to the inner wall of the shell at respective installation positions; the rear of the inlet channel 1-1 is also provided with a main particle concentration sensor 4 for detecting the concentration of particles in the inlet gas, which may be an infrared, laser or CCD type particle concentration sensor.
The rear part of the air inlet channel 1-1 is provided with a particle deflection area A, the inner walls of the shell 1 at two sides of the particle deflection area A, which are parallel to the airflow direction, are provided with a deflection negative electrode A-1 and a deflection positive electrode A-2 in parallel, the deflection negative electrode A-1 is used for attracting and deflecting positively charged particles in the airflow, and the deflection positive electrode A-2 attracts and deflects negatively charged particles in the airflow.
The rear part of the particle deflection area A is provided with a particle collecting area B, and the particle collecting area B consists of a positive particle collecting area B-1, a neutral particle collecting area B-2 and a negative particle collecting area B-3 which are arranged in parallel in the direction vertical to the airflow; the positive particle collecting region B-1 and the deflecting negative electrode A-1 are positioned on the same side of the shell, the negative particle collecting region B-3 and the deflecting positive electrode A-2 are positioned on the other side of the shell, the neutral particle collecting region B-2 is positioned between the positive particle collecting region B-1 and the negative particle collecting region B-3 and is opposite to the air inlet channel 1-1, and the three collecting regions are mutually isolated.
The front part of the particle collecting area B is provided with a front particle concentration sensor group 5 which comprises: a positive electric particle concentration sensor 5-1, a neutral particle concentration sensor 5-2 and a negative electric particle concentration sensor 5-3; the rear portion of the particle collection region B is provided with a rear particle concentration sensor group 6 including: a first rear particle concentration sensor 6-1, a second rear particle concentration sensor 6-2, and a third rear particle concentration sensor 6-3. A positive particle concentration sensor 5-1 is correspondingly arranged at the gas flow inlet of the positive particle collecting region B-1, and a rear particle concentration sensor I6-1 is correspondingly arranged at the gas flow outlet of the positive particle collecting region B-1; a neutral particle concentration sensor 5-2 is correspondingly arranged at the airflow inlet of the neutral particle collecting region B-2, and a rear particle concentration sensor II 6-2 is correspondingly arranged at the airflow outlet of the neutral particle collecting region B-2; an airflow inlet of the negative electricity particle collecting area B-3 is correspondingly provided with a negative electricity particle concentration sensor 5-3, and an airflow outlet of the negative electricity particle collecting area B-3 is correspondingly provided with a rear particle concentration sensor III 6-3.
A discharge group B-1-1 is arranged at the front part (namely close to an air flow inlet) of the positive particle collecting region B-1, and a collecting group B-1-2 is arranged behind the discharge group B-1-1; the front part of the neutral particle collecting region B-2 is provided with a discharging two group B-2-1, and the collecting two group B-2-2 is arranged after the discharging two group B-2-1; the front part of the negative electrode particle collecting region B-3 is provided with three discharging groups B-3-1, and the rear part of the three discharging groups B-3-1 is provided with three collecting groups B-3-2; each discharge group consists of a plurality of columns of corona wires 9; each collection group consists of a side collection plate 11 and a baffling collection plate 10 which are positioned on the side wall of the respective collection region; each discharge group and each collection group are respectively connected with high-voltage electricity with different polarities; the baffle collecting plate 10 is composed of a V-shaped baffle which rotates 90 degrees clockwise and a V-shaped baffle which rotates 90 degrees anticlockwise in the airflow direction, so that the charged particles form a vortex therein and are more fully contacted with the collecting plate, and the collecting efficiency is improved; the voltage value between the discharge group and the collection group is 3kV-15 kV.
The intelligent gas purification system also comprises a controller 12, a controllable high-voltage power supply 7 and a power supply relay group 8, wherein the controller 12 collects signals of the main particle concentration sensor 4, the front particle concentration sensor group 5 and the rear particle concentration sensor group 6 and carries out corresponding processing and control; the controller 12 controls the rotary guide plate 3 to switch between the diffusion mode and the laminar flow mode according to the sensor signal; a controllable high-voltage power supply 7 supplies power to each discharge group of the deflection negative electrode A-1, the deflection positive electrode A-2 and the particle collecting region B and electrodes in the collecting groups through a power relay group 8; the controller 12 can control the power supply and the power outage of the deflection negative electrode A-1 and the deflection positive electrode A-2 by controlling the on-off switching of the power supply relay group 8, and can realize the switching of the energization number and the energization polarity of each discharge group in the particle collection region B and each electrode in the collection group (for example, whether the corona wire 9 in the discharge group B-1 in the positive particle collection region B-1 is energized or not, the number of energized columns and whether positive high voltage or negative high voltage is energized or not, can be realized); the controller 12 can also control the output voltage value of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7, the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 is provided with a plurality of independent voltage output channels, and different electrodes can independently transmit voltages with different values to corresponding electrodes according to the control instruction of the controller 12, so that intelligent control is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the control method and the working principle of the intelligent gas purification system are as follows: the controller 12 controls the electrostatic dust removal device to start, and the airflow enters the electrostatic dust removal device through an induced draft fan (not shown in the figure). The concentration of particulate matter in the air flow at the outlet of the intake passage 1-1 is first acquired by the main concentration sensor 4.
And entering a first judgment condition, when the particle concentration is not greater than the preset value, the subsequent program is not started, and the main concentration sensor 4 continues to detect the particle concentration in the airflow at the outlet of the air inlet channel 1-1. When the concentration is greater than a preset value (such as pm 2.5)>75μg/m3) The controller 12 controls the rotary guide plate to deform into a horn-shaped diffusion mode, pollutant particles in airflow are distributed in the whole particle deflection area A at the same time, a deflection electrode electrifying step is carried out, namely the controller 12 controls the power relay group 8 and the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to introduce high-voltage direct current (the voltage between the deflection negative electrode A-1 and the deflection positive electrode A-2 is 1kV-10kV), and at the same time, the front particle concentration sensor group 5 positioned in the front of the particle collection area B at the rear part of the particle deflection area A starts to work.
Entering a second judgment condition, when a large amount of positively charged and/or negatively charged particles do not exist in the particle deflection area A and the particles entering the positive particle collection area B-1 and the negative particle collection area B-3 are less, namely when the concentration value of the concentration sensor 5-1 and/or 5-3 is less than 5-2 concentration (M is more than 1 and is a ratio value adjustable according to actual needs) multiplied by M, the controller 12 controls the power supply relay group 8 to cut off the power supply of the deflection negative electrode A-1 and the deflection positive electrode A-2, and controls the power supply relay group 8 and the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to supply negative direct-current high-voltage electricity to one group of B-1-1, two groups of B-2-1 and three groups of B-3-1 in the particle collection area B (the negative electricity is supplied to the corona wire 9 because the negative corona wire discharge is easier to generate free electrons/negative ions and the pollutants particles Combined to be electrified), controlling and collecting a group B-1-2, collecting two groups B-2-2 and collecting three groups B-3-2 to be connected to the anode of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7; the controller 12 collects data of the front particle concentration sensor group 5 and the rear particle concentration sensor group 6, enters a B-zone particle concentration feedback regulation mode, and returns to the previous deflection electrode electrifying step after a period of time.
When a large number of positively and/or negatively charged particles exist in the particle deflection area A and are deflected towards the electrode under the action of the deflection electrode, namely when the concentration value of the concentration sensor 5-1 and/or 5-3 is more than or equal to 5-2 concentration (M is more than 1 and a proportion value can be adjusted according to actual needs) which is more than or equal to M times, the controller 12 controls the rotating guide plate 3 to deform into a laminar flow guiding mode, namely the rotating guide plate deforms into the laminar flow guiding mode, meanwhile, the particle collection area B enters a polarity division collection mode, namely, the controller 12 controls the power relay group 8 to discharge a group of B-1-1 in the positive particle collection area B-1, the positive electrodes of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 are connected, the negative electrodes of the group of B-1-2 connected into the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 are controlled and collected (so that electrification can increase the charge of the pollutant particles entering the positive particle collection, so that it is more easily collected by the baffle collecting plate 10 and the side collecting plate 11 in the positively charged particle collecting region B-1); the controller 12 controls the power relay group 8 to switch in the negative pole of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to the two groups B-2-1 of the discharge in the neutral particle collecting region B-2, and controls the two groups B-2-2 to switch in the positive pole of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7; the controller 12 controls the power relay group 8 to switch in the negative pole of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to the three groups B-3-1 of discharge in the negative electricity particle collecting region B-3, controls the three groups B-3-2 to switch in the positive pole of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 (the charge quantity of the pollutant particles with negative electricity is increased in the same way), and enters a B region particle concentration feedback regulation mode.
And entering a judgment condition III after a period of time, and returning to a polarization separation collection mode when a large number of positively and/or negatively charged particles exist in the particle deflection area A and are deflected towards the electrode under the action of the deflection electrode, namely when the concentration value of the concentration sensor 5-1 and/or 5-3 is more than N times of the concentration value of 5-2 (N is less than 1 and the ratio value can be adjusted according to actual needs). When a large number of positively and/or negatively charged particles do not exist in the particle deflection region A, and the particles entering the positive particle collection region B-1 and the negative particle collection region B-3 are few, namely when the concentration value of the concentration sensor 5-1 and/or 5-3 is not more than 5-2 times of N times (N is less than 1), the controller 12 controls the rotary guide plate to deform from the laminar flow mode to the horn-shaped diffusion mode, and returns to the step of switching off the deflection electrode after the judgment condition II.
The B-zone particle concentration feedback regulation mode, taking the positive particle collection zone B-1 as an example with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4, a particle concentration sensor 6-1 located at the rear part thereof detects the particle concentration in the gas flow discharged from the positive particle collection zone B-1 after electrostatic dust collection, when the concentration detected by the rear particle concentration sensor 6-1 is greater than a predetermined value (for example, pm 2.5)>45μg/m3) When the dust removal efficiency is reduced, the controller 12 controls the power supply relay group 8 to increase the electrifying quantity of the corona wires 9 in the discharging group B-1-1 (improve the charge efficiency) and/or controls the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to increase the voltage between the discharging group B-1-1 and the collecting group B-1-2 (improve the collecting efficiency); when the concentration detected by the rear particle concentration sensor 6-1 is less than a preset value, the effect of the dust removal system is excessive, and in order to reduce power consumption and save cost, the controller 12 controls the power supply relay group 8 to reduce the electrifying quantity of the corona wires 9 in the discharging group B-1-1 and/or controls the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to reduce the voltage between the discharging group B-1-1 and the collecting group B-1-2; the rear particle concentration sensor 6-1 samples the concentration at regular intervals, and the energization number and energization voltage are dynamically adjusted. The particle concentration feedback regulation mode of the neutral particle collecting region B-2 and the negative particle collecting region B-3 is the same as that of the positive particle collecting region B-1, and each particle collecting region is independently regulated and does not interfere with each other.
It should be noted that fig. 3 is only an ideal state flow chart after the system is initially started, and does not represent all working states, for example, the main concentration sensor 4 is always in a sampling state during the whole dust removing system working process, when the concentration of particles detected by the main concentration sensor 4 is not greater than a preset value, the controller 12 will control the whole dust removing system to enter a standby state, and other components except an induced draft fan (not shown in the figure), the main concentration sensor 4 and the controller 12 do not work. And when the whole dust removal system is in a normal working state, the B-zone particulate matter concentration feedback regulation mode is always in a running state and is not influenced by other modes (except for the switching standby mode) and the change of the working state of components.
Example two
Referring to the attached drawings 1 and 6, a deflecting negative electrode A-1 and a deflecting positive electrode A-2 in a particle deflecting area A of the electrostatic dust collector of the embodiment are removed, a deflecting magnetic field A-3 is added in the particle deflecting area A, the direction of the magnetic induction line of the deflecting magnetic field A-3 is vertical to the direction of air flow, and by utilizing the principle that charged particles are subjected to the action of Lorentz force when moving in a direction vertical to the magnetic field, the deflecting magnetic field A-3 achieves the same action as the deflecting electrodes A-1 and A-2 in the embodiment I, namely, positively charged particles in the air flow are deflected into a positively charged particle collecting area B-1, so that negatively charged particles in the air flow are deflected into a negatively charged particle collecting area B-3.
The deflecting magnetic field a-3 can be generated by an electromagnetic device (not shown in the figure) installed on the housing 1, the electromagnetic device can be a solenoid coil, the controller 12 controls the power relay group 8 and the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to supply proper direct current to the electromagnetic device, a stable deflecting magnetic field a-3 is formed in the particle deflecting area a, and the intensity of the deflecting magnetic field a-3 is controlled by controlling the input voltage of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7.
The control principle and control method in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment except that the steps of de-energizing the deflection electrodes and energizing the deflection electrodes are replaced by the steps of de-energizing the deflection magnetic field a-3 and energizing the deflection magnetic field a-3, respectively. The advantage of using a deflecting magnetic field is that the lorentz force is always perpendicular to the direction of motion of the charged particles, so that the deflecting effect on the charged particles is better, and the deflecting magnetic field is suitable for deflecting particles with less charged amount.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to the attached drawings 1 and 7, a deflecting magnetic field A-3 is added into a particle deflecting area A of the electrostatic dust collector, the direction of a magnetic induction line of the deflecting magnetic field A-3 is vertical to the direction of an air flow, the deflecting magnetic field A-3 and deflecting electrodes A-1 and A-2 act together by utilizing the principle that charged particles are acted by a Lorentz force of the magnetic field when moving in a direction vertical to the magnetic field, namely, the positively charged particles in the air flow are deflected into a positively charged particle collecting area B-1 through the combined action of the electric field force and the Lorentz force, so that the negatively charged particles in the air flow are deflected into a negatively charged particle collecting area B-3. The advantage of using the superposition of the electric field and the magnetic field is that better deflection effect can be obtained than that of using a single electric field or magnetic field, and compared with the first phase and the second phase, the length of the particle deflection area A can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the whole electrostatic dust collection device.
The deflecting magnetic field a-3 can be generated by an electromagnetic device (not shown in the figure) installed on the housing 1, the electromagnetic device can be a solenoid coil, the controller 12 controls the power relay group 8 and the controllable high-voltage power supply 7 to supply proper direct current to the electromagnetic device, a stable deflecting magnetic field a-3 is formed in the particle deflecting area a, and the intensity of the deflecting magnetic field a-3 is controlled by controlling the input voltage of the controllable high-voltage power supply 7.
The control principle and control method in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment except that the step of turning off the deflection electrodes is replaced with the step of turning off the deflection electrodes and the step of turning off the deflection magnetic field a-3, and the step of turning on the deflection electrodes is replaced with the step of turning on the deflection electrodes and the step of turning on the deflection magnetic field a-3.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and the technical principles applied, and any changes or alternative embodiments that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention disclosed herein should be covered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A magnetic-electric compound gas purification method,
the method comprises the following steps: a particle deflection collection mode, a polarization separation collection mode and a common discharge collection mode;
the electric composite gas purifier comprises: the device comprises a shell (1), an air inlet channel (1-1), a particle deflection area (A), a particle collection area (B) and an air outlet channel (1-2), wherein the air inlet channel, the particle deflection area (A), the particle collection area (B) and the air outlet channel are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction; a flow equalizing plate (2) is arranged in the air inlet channel (1-1) and is used for equalizing the entering air flow into laminar flow, the channel at the rear part of the air inlet channel (1-1) is a horn-shaped opening and is connected with the shell of the particle deflection area (A), the particle deflection area (A) is arranged at the rear part of the air inlet channel (1-1), an electromagnetic device is arranged on the shell (1) corresponding to the particle deflection area (A), the electromagnetic device generates a deflection magnetic field (A-3) in the particle deflection area (A), and the magnetic induction line direction of the deflection magnetic field (A-3) is vertical to the air flow direction; the inner walls of the shell (1) at two sides of the particle deflection area (A) parallel to the airflow direction are provided with a deflection negative electrode (A-1) and a deflection positive electrode (A-2) in parallel;
the operation steps are as follows:
step 1, entering a particulate matter deflection collection mode, and detecting whether a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity exist in the airflow;
step 2, entering a polarity-dividing collection mode if a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity exist, and entering a common discharge collection mode if the particles do not exist; both collection modes use a concentration sensor feedback regulation method to determine the number of discharge voltages and/or corona wires.
2. The magnetoelectric composite gas purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear part of the particle deflection zone (A) is provided with a particle collecting zone (B), and the particle collecting zone (B) consists of a positive particle collecting zone (B-1), a neutral particle collecting zone (B-2) and a negative particle collecting zone (B-3) which are arranged in parallel in the direction vertical to the airflow; the positive particle collecting region (B-1) and the deflection negative electrode (A-1) are positioned on the same side of the shell, the negative particle collecting region (B-3) and the deflection positive electrode (A-2) are positioned on the other side of the shell, the neutral particle collecting region (B-2) is positioned between the positive particle collecting region (B-1) and the negative particle collecting region (B-3) and is opposite to the air inlet channel (1-1), and the three collecting regions are isolated from each other; the deflecting magnetic field (A-3) and the electric field generated by the deflecting negative electrode (A-1) and the deflecting positive electrode (A-2) act together to deflect the positively charged particles in the air flow into the positively charged particle collecting region (B-1), deflect the negatively charged particles in the air flow into the negatively charged particle collecting region (B-3), and enable the neutral particles to enter the neutral particle collecting region (B-2); the front part of the particle collecting area (B) is provided with a front particle concentration sensor group (5) which comprises: a positive electric particle concentration sensor (5-1), a neutral particle concentration sensor (5-2) and a negative electric particle concentration sensor (5-3); a positive particle concentration sensor (5-1) is correspondingly arranged at the gas flow inlet of the positive particle collecting region (B-1); a neutral particle concentration sensor (5-2) is correspondingly arranged at the gas flow inlet of the neutral particle collecting region (B-2); and an airflow inlet of the negative electricity particle collecting region (B-3) is correspondingly provided with a negative electricity particle concentration sensor (5-3).
3. The magnetoelectric composite gas purification method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rear part of the air inlet channel (1-1) is provided with a pair of rotating guide plates (3), the rotating guide plates (3) can rotate by adopting an electric hinge and have two modes of laminar flow guide and diffusion, when in the laminar flow guide mode, the two rotating guide plates (3) are parallel to the air flow direction, and when in the diffusion mode, the two rotating guide plates (3) are tightly attached to the inner wall of the shell at respective installation positions; the rear part of the air inlet channel (1-1) is also provided with a main particle concentration sensor (4); the front parts of the positive electric particle collecting region (B-1), the neutral particle collecting region (B-2) and the negative electric particle collecting region (B-3) are provided with discharge groups, the rear parts of the discharge groups are provided with collecting groups, and each discharge group consists of a plurality of rows of corona wires (9); each collection group consists of a side collection plate (11) and a baffling collection plate (10) which are positioned on the side wall of the respective collection region; each discharge group and each collection group are respectively connected with high-voltage electricity with different polarities.
4. The magnetoelectric composite gas purification method according to claim 3, further comprising a main particle concentration sensor (4) disposed at the rear of the air intake passage (1-1), wherein the main particle concentration sensor (4) detects the concentration of particulate matter in the air flow at the outlet of the air intake passage (1-1) before step 1. When the concentration is higher than the preset value, the rotary guide plate is controlled to deform into a horn-shaped diffusion mode, pollutant particles in the airflow are distributed in the whole particle deflection area (A), meanwhile, the controllable high-voltage power supply (7) is controlled to electrify the deflection negative electrode (A-1), the deflection positive electrode (A-2) and the deflection magnetic field (A-3), and at the moment, the front particle concentration sensor group (5) positioned in the front of the particle collection area (B) behind the particle deflection area (A) starts to work.
5. The magnetoelectric composite gas purification method according to claim 3, wherein the polarization separation collection mode is specifically: when the concentration value detected by the positive particle concentration sensor (5-1) and/or the negative particle concentration sensor (5-3) is larger than or equal to M times that detected by the neutral particle concentration sensor (5-2), and M is larger than 1, a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity exist in the particle deflection area (A), the rotating guide plate (3) is controlled to deform into a laminar flow guiding mode, namely, the discharging group in the positive particle collecting area (B-1) is controlled to be connected with the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7), and the collecting group in the positive particle collecting area (B-1) is controlled to be connected with the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7); controlling the discharge group in the neutral particle collecting region (B-2) to be connected with the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7), and controlling the collection group in the neutral particle collecting region (B-2) to be connected with the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7); the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7) is controlled to be connected to the discharge group in the negative electrode particle collecting region (B-3), and the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7) is controlled to be connected to the collecting group in the negative electrode particle collecting region (B-3).
6. The magnetoelectric composite gas purification method according to claim 3, wherein the common discharge collection mode is specifically: when the concentration value detected by the positive electrode particle concentration sensor (5-1) and/or the negative electrode particle concentration sensor (5-3) is less than or equal to N times of the concentration value detected by the neutral particle concentration sensor (5-2), N is less than 1; or when the concentration value detected by the positive particle concentration sensor (5-1) and/or the negative particle concentration sensor (5-3) is less than M times that detected by the neutral particle concentration sensor (5-2), and M is more than 1, the situation that a large number of particles with positive electricity and/or negative electricity do not exist in the particle deflection area (A) can be judged, the deflection negative electrode (A-1), the deflection positive electrode (A-2) and the deflection magnetic field (A-3) are powered off, the discharge groups of the collection area (B) are all connected with the negative electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7), the discharge groups are all connected with the positive electrode of the controllable high-voltage power supply (7), and the rotary guide plate (3) is in a horn-shaped diffusion mode.
7. The magnetoelectric composite gas purification method according to claim 3, wherein the particle concentration feedback adjustment method comprises: a rear particle concentration sensor group (6) is arranged at the rear part of the particle collecting region (B), the rear particle concentration sensor group (6) detects the concentration of the particles in the exhaust air flow after electrostatic dust collection, and when the concentration detected by the rear particle concentration sensor group (6) is greater than a preset value, the electrification number of corona wires (9) in the discharge group is controlled to be increased and/or the voltage between the discharge group and the collection group is controlled to be increased; when the concentration detected by the rear particle concentration sensor group (6) is less than a preset value, controlling to reduce the electrified number of corona wires (9) in the discharge group and/or controlling to reduce the voltage between the discharge group and the collection group.
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| CN110237931B (en) | 2020-07-21 |
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