CN111397458A - Hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology III-level surrounding rock - Google Patents
Hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology III-level surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN111397458A CN111397458A CN202010469058.6A CN202010469058A CN111397458A CN 111397458 A CN111397458 A CN 111397458A CN 202010469058 A CN202010469058 A CN 202010469058A CN 111397458 A CN111397458 A CN 111397458A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology class-III surrounding rock, which comprises the steps of cutting ① blast holes ② of central cutting holes, inclined hole cutting holes, auxiliary holes, top pressing holes, bottom plate holes and peripheral holes, blowing out residues ③ in the blast holes through high-pressure air, installing explosive rolls clamped between water bags in the blast holes according to blasting design requirements, blocking the opening ends of the blast holes by stemming, connecting the explosive rolls with an electronic detonator detonation system ④, checking the safety of the electronic detonator detonation system, carrying out slag tapping operation after the fact that no dummy guns are arranged is checked by carrying out detonation ⑤ according to the sequence of firstly blasting the inclined hole cutting holes, then blasting the central cutting holes, finally blasting the auxiliary holes, the top pressing holes, the bottom plate holes and the peripheral holes, and completing construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel blasting construction, in particular to a hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology class-III surrounding rock.
Background
At present, in the construction of tunnel blasting in China, a detonator is usually used for blasting by matching with emulsion explosive, namely, the emulsion explosive is put into a blast hole, the detonator is put on a second section of explosive close to the bottom, and finally stemming is blocked to the hole opening of the blast hole, the detonator is controlled by an encoder, and a detonator is used for blasting after the detonator is checked to be correct. The blasting mode has the advantages of mature process, convenient operation, quick operation for constructors, and disadvantages of unsatisfactory construction footage, increased difficulty in over-short excavation control, large blasting vibration, high dust concentration after blasting, long ventilation time and large explosive amount used for blasting.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology class-III surrounding rock, which can specifically adopt the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology grade-III surrounding rock, which comprises the following construction steps:
firstly, cutting blast holes including a central cutting hole, an oblique cutting hole, an auxiliary hole, a top pressing hole, a bottom plate hole and peripheral holes according to the grade and footage of surrounding rocks;
secondly, conveying high-pressure air through an air compressor to blow out residues in each blast hole;
thirdly, mounting explosive cartridges clamped between the water bags in each blasthole according to blasting design requirements, blocking the opening ends of the blastholes by using stemming, and connecting the explosive cartridges with an electronic detonator initiation system;
fourthly, checking the safety of the electronic detonator detonation system, and detonating according to the sequence of firstly blasting the oblique-hole cutting hole, then blasting the central cutting hole, finally blasting the auxiliary hole, pressing the top hole, the baseplate hole and the peripheral holes;
and fifthly, carrying out slag tapping operation after checking that no dummy shot exists, and finishing construction.
The water bag is a high-molecular polyethylene bag filled with bubble-free high-pressure water, the length of a single water bag is 20cm, and the diameter of the water bag is matched with the inner diameter of each blast hole.
The water pressure of the bubble-free high-pressure water is 5.3 MPa.
The length of the central cutting hole is 3.0m, 1 water bag, 2 explosive rolls and 9 water bags are sequentially arranged in the central cutting hole, and stemming is adopted to block the central cutting hole to a blast hole opening;
the length of the oblique-hole cutting hole is 4.8m, 1 water bag, 8 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the oblique-hole cutting hole, and stemming is adopted to block the oblique-hole cutting hole to a blast hole opening;
the auxiliary holes are arranged in multiple rows, the length of the first row of auxiliary holes close to the center of the tunnel is 4.5m, 1 water bag, 7 explosive sticks and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the auxiliary holes, and the auxiliary holes are plugged to the opening of the blast hole by using stemming;
the length of the second row of auxiliary holes is 4.3m, 1 water bag, 6 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the second row of auxiliary holes, and stemming is adopted to block the holes;
the third row of auxiliary holes is 4.1m long, and 1 water bag, 5 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the auxiliary holes and are plugged to the hole opening by stemming;
the length of the fourth row of auxiliary holes is 3.9m, 1 water bag, 4 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the auxiliary holes, and stemming is adopted to block the auxiliary holes to the hole openings;
the length of the fifth row of auxiliary holes is 3.7m, 1 water bag, 3 explosive cartridges and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the fifth row of auxiliary holes, and stemming is adopted to block the holes;
the length of the top pressing hole is 3.8-4.0m, 1 water bag, 4 explosive cartridges and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the top pressing hole, and the top pressing hole is plugged to the opening of the blasthole by stemming;
the length of the bottom plate hole is 3.8m, 1 water bag, 5 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the bottom plate hole, and the bottom plate hole is plugged to the opening of the bottom plate hole by stemming;
the length of the peripheral hole is 3.8m, 1 water bag, 1 explosive cartridge, 9 water bags, 2/3 explosive cartridges and 4 water bags are sequentially arranged in the peripheral hole, and the peripheral hole is plugged to the opening of the hole by using stemming.
The stemming is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 0.79: 0.06: 0.15 of clay, medium coarse sand and water are prefabricated by a stemming machine.
The electronic detonator initiation system comprises an initiator, an encoder and a digital detonator connected with an explosive cartridge.
The digital detonators are arranged in double-digital detonator structures in each peripheral hole according to the position distribution of the explosive cartridges.
The encoder sets the blasting interval of each type of blasthole to be 50 ms.
According to the hydraulic smooth blasting construction method for the granite geological grade-III surrounding rock, the explosive cartridge is arranged in the pressurized water bag, so that the energy of the explosive is superposed with high-pressure water, and the surrounding rock footage is improved; the stemming blocked at the opening of the blast hole accurately controls the proportion of the clay, the medium coarse sand and the water according to the explosion energy, keeps the explosion energy from leaking, acts on the surrounding rock mass to the maximum extent and further promotes the explosion footage; the digital detonator accurately controls different blasting times of explosives in various blastholes through the encoder, so that the blasting energy is released to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the digital detonator has a good shock absorption effect and has the minimum influence on surrounding buildings (structures); the surrounding holes can control the surrounding rock to be over-dug and under-dug under the detonation of the double-digital detonator, so that the consumption of raw materials is effectively saved; in addition, water after the pressurized water bag is exploded can also play the dust fall effect, can directly carry out the operation of slagging tap after the explosion danger elimination, improves the construction efficiency. The invention optimizes the tunnel blasting construction process, improves the footage of the surrounding rock by using water pressure blasting, saves the using amount of explosive, saves the ventilation time of conventional blasting, controls the overbreak and improves the construction efficiency, and compared with the prior art, the comprehensive cost is saved by about 8.9 percent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the central undercut hole of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the oblique-eye cutting hole of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary eye of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the jack of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the baseplate eye of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral eye of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, and the embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific construction processes are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the hydraulic smooth blasting construction method for granite geological class-iii surrounding rock, provided by the invention, comprises the following construction steps:
firstly, various blastholes are drilled on the blasting surface according to the grade and the footage of the surrounding rock, and in the embodiment, the area of the blasting surface is 59.5m2The height of a blasting section is 6.74m, the bottom width of an arch foot is 9.72m, two rows of central slotted holes 1 are drilled in the center of the blasting surface, two sides of each central slotted hole 1 are respectively drilled with one row of inclined-hole slotted holes 2, the outer sides of the left-side and right-side inclined-hole slotted holes 2 are respectively drilled with five rows of auxiliary holes 3, and the auxiliary holes are sequentially called as a first row of auxiliary holes, a second row of auxiliary holes, a third row of auxiliary holes, a fourth row of auxiliary holes and a fifth row of auxiliary holes from inside to outside; and a top hole 4 is dug in an arch space at the tops of the central cut hole 1, the inclined cut hole 2 and the auxiliary holes 3, a bottom plate hole 5 is dug at the bottom, and peripheral holes 6 are dug on the contour line of the tunnel. The length of the central cutting hole 1 is 3.0m, the length of the oblique cutting holes is 4.8m, and the length of the auxiliary holes 3 is decreased by 0.2m row by row, wherein the length of the first row of auxiliary holes is 4.5m, the length of the second row of auxiliary holes is 4.3m, the length of the third row of auxiliary holes is 4.1m, the length of the fourth row of auxiliary holes is 3.9m, the length of the fifth row of auxiliary holes is 3.7m, the length of the top pressing holes is 3.8-4.0m, the length of the bottom plate holes is 3.8m, and the length of the peripheral holes is 3.8 m.
And secondly, after the blast holes are dug, conveying high-pressure air by an air compressor to blow out residues in the blast holes.
Thirdly, explosive cartridges 8 clamped between the water bags 7 are arranged in each blasthole according to blasting design requirements, the opening ends of the blastholes are blocked by stemming 9, and the explosive cartridges 8 are connected with an electronic detonator initiation system.
Specifically, 1 water bag, 2 explosive rolls and 9 water bags are sequentially arranged in each central cutting hole 1, and the hole opening is plugged by stemming; 1 water bag, 8 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in each oblique-hole cutting hole 2 with the length of 4.8m, and the hole opening is plugged by stemming; 1 water bag, 7 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in each first row of auxiliary holes with the length of 4.5m, and the holes are plugged by stemming; 1 water bag, 6 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in each second row of auxiliary eyes and are plugged to the opening of each second row of auxiliary eyes by stemming; sequentially installing 1 water bag, 5 explosive rolls and 7 water bags in each third auxiliary eye, and plugging the auxiliary eyes to the opening of each gun hole by using stemming; sequentially mounting 1 water bag, 4 explosive rolls and 7 water bags in each auxiliary eye of the fourth row, and plugging the auxiliary eyes to the opening of each auxiliary eye by stemming; sequentially mounting 1 water bag, 3 explosive rolls and 7 water bags in each fifth row of auxiliary eyes, and plugging the auxiliary eyes to the openings of the auxiliary eyes by using stemming; 1 water bag, 4 explosive cartridges and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in each top pressing hole 4, and the stemming is adopted to block the hole opening; 1 water bag, 5 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in each bottom plate hole 5, and the stemming is adopted to block the hole opening; each peripheral hole 6 is internally provided with 1 water bag, 1 explosive cartridge, 9 water bags, 2/3 explosive cartridges and 4 water bags in sequence, and the stemming is adopted to seal the hole opening.
The electronic detonator priming system comprises a detonator, an encoder and a digital detonator 10. Each group of explosive cartridges 8 is connected with a digital detonator 10, and for the peripheral holes 6, two groups of explosive cartridges 8 are arranged at intervals, and the digital detonator 10 adopts a double-digital detonator structure, so that the surrounding rock overbreak is favorably controlled, and the consumption of raw materials is effectively saved.
The water bag 7 adopts high-pressure equipment to press water into the high-molecular polyethylene bag which is not easy to damage, the high-pressure water in the bag is full and has no air bubbles, the water pressure can reach 5.3MPa, the water bag 7 can be exploded to form a water wedge effect, and the explosion energy of the water wedge effect is superposed with the explosion energy of explosive cartridges 8 arranged between the water bags 7, so that the explosion effect can be fully improved. Furthermore, the length of each water bag 7 is 20cm, and the diameter of each water bag is matched with the inner diameter of each blasthole, so that the explosive cartridge is convenient to manufacture in batches, and the explosion energy of the explosive cartridge 8 can be prevented from leaking to a certain extent after the explosive cartridge is installed. The number and the installation positions of the water bags 7 and the explosive cartridges 8 in the blastholes are designed according to the optimal ratio, and the actual measurement of a measurer shows that the blasting footage of the invention is averagely improved by 0.2m compared with the footage of the conventional blasting under the condition that the depth and the angle of the blastholes are all consistent. In addition, the water after 7 blasts of water bag can also play the dust fall effect, can directly carry out the operation of slagging tap after the danger is arranged in the blasting, effectively shortens construction cycle.
The explosive cartridges 8 are commercially available products (rock emulsion explosive No. 2, hong Damin explosive group Co., Ltd., Guangdong), each explosive cartridge is 33cm long and 300g heavy, and the diameter of each explosive cartridge is matched with the inner diameter of each blasthole.
The stemming 9 is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight of 0.79: 0.06: the diameter of the cylinder which is prefabricated by 0.15 of clay, medium coarse sand and water through a stemming machine is matched with the inner diameter of each blast hole, so that the explosion energy can be prevented from leaking when the blast holes are blocked, the cylinder acts on surrounding rock masses to the maximum extent, and the explosion footage is improved.
And fourthly, checking the safety of the electronic detonator detonation system, detonating according to the sequence of firstly blasting the oblique-hole cutting hole 2, then blasting the central cutting hole 1, finally blasting the auxiliary holes 3, the top pressing hole 4, the bottom plate holes 5 and the peripheral holes 6, and setting the blasting delay interval of the explosive cartridges 8 in various blast holes to be 50ms through an encoder, so that the explosive energy of the explosive cartridges 7 can be released to the maximum degree, and meanwhile, the influence of the explosive energy on peripheral buildings (structures) can be minimized.
And fifthly, carrying out slag tapping operation after checking that no dummy shot exists, and finishing construction.
According to the field measurement result, the blasting vibration speed of the invention is 0.481cm/s, which is reduced by 1.105cm/s compared with the conventional blasting vibration speed; the distance between the blasting slag pile and the tunnel face is 23m, which is 12m shorter than the distance between the conventional blasting slag pile and the tunnel face; under the condition of no ventilation, the dust concentration at a position 25m away from the face of the tunnel is 7.1mg/m3And after the conventional blasting is finished, the dust concentration at a position 25m away from the face of the tunnel under the condition of no ventilation is 29.7mg/m3. Compared with the conventional blasting, the blasting method has the advantages that the dust concentration is obviously reduced after blasting, the damping effect is obvious, and the influence on surrounding buildings (structures) is small.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "left", "right", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A hydraulic smooth blasting construction method suitable for granite geology class-III surrounding rock is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following construction steps:
firstly, cutting blast holes including a central cutting hole, an oblique cutting hole, an auxiliary hole, a top pressing hole, a bottom plate hole and peripheral holes according to the grade and footage of surrounding rocks;
secondly, conveying high-pressure air through an air compressor to blow out residues in each blast hole;
thirdly, mounting explosive cartridges clamped between the water bags in each blasthole according to blasting design requirements, blocking the opening ends of the blastholes by using stemming, and connecting the explosive cartridges with an electronic detonator initiation system;
fourthly, checking the safety of the electronic detonator detonation system, and detonating according to the sequence of firstly blasting the oblique-hole cutting hole, then blasting the central cutting hole, finally blasting the auxiliary hole, pressing the top hole, the baseplate hole and the peripheral holes;
and fifthly, carrying out slag tapping operation after checking that no dummy shot exists, and finishing construction.
2. The hydraulic smooth blasting construction method applicable to granite geology class-III surrounding rock, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the water bag is a high-molecular polyethylene bag filled with bubble-free high-pressure water, the length of a single water bag is 20cm, and the diameter of the water bag is matched with the inner diameter of each blast hole.
3. The hydraulic smooth blasting construction method applicable to granite geology class-III surrounding rock, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the water pressure of the bubble-free high-pressure water is 5.3 MPa.
4. The hydraulic smooth blasting construction method applicable to granite geology class-III surrounding rock, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
the length of the central cutting hole is 3.0m, 1 water bag, 2 explosive rolls and 9 water bags are sequentially arranged in the central cutting hole, and stemming is adopted to block the central cutting hole to a blast hole opening;
the length of the oblique-hole cutting hole is 4.8m, 1 water bag, 8 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the oblique-hole cutting hole, and stemming is adopted to block the oblique-hole cutting hole to a blast hole opening;
the auxiliary holes are arranged in multiple rows, the length of the first row of auxiliary holes close to the center of the tunnel is 4.5m, 1 water bag, 7 explosive sticks and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the auxiliary holes, and the auxiliary holes are plugged to the opening of the blast hole by using stemming;
the length of the second row of auxiliary holes is 4.3m, 1 water bag, 6 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the second row of auxiliary holes, and stemming is adopted to block the holes;
the third row of auxiliary holes is 4.1m long, and 1 water bag, 5 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the auxiliary holes and are plugged to the hole opening by stemming;
the length of the fourth row of auxiliary holes is 3.9m, 1 water bag, 4 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the auxiliary holes, and stemming is adopted to block the auxiliary holes to the hole openings;
the length of the fifth row of auxiliary holes is 3.7m, 1 water bag, 3 explosive cartridges and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the fifth row of auxiliary holes, and stemming is adopted to block the holes;
the length of the top pressing hole is 3.8-4.0m, 1 water bag, 4 explosive cartridges and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the top pressing hole, and the top pressing hole is plugged to the opening of the blasthole by stemming;
the length of the bottom plate hole is 3.8m, 1 water bag, 5 explosive rolls and 7 water bags are sequentially arranged in the bottom plate hole, and the bottom plate hole is plugged to the opening of the bottom plate hole by stemming;
the length of the peripheral hole is 3.8m, 1 water bag, 1 explosive cartridge, 9 water bags, 2/3 explosive cartridges and 4 water bags are sequentially arranged in the peripheral hole, and the peripheral hole is plugged to the opening of the hole by using stemming.
5. The hydraulic smooth blasting construction method applicable to granite geological grade-III surrounding rock, as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the stemming is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 0.79: 0.06: 0.15 of clay, medium coarse sand and water are prefabricated by a stemming machine.
6. The hydraulic smooth blasting construction method applicable to granite geology class-III surrounding rock, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the electronic detonator initiation system comprises an initiator, an encoder and a digital detonator connected with an explosive cartridge.
7. The hydraulic smooth blasting construction method applicable to granite geological grade-III surrounding rock, as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the digital detonators are arranged in double-digital detonator structures in each peripheral hole according to the position distribution of the explosive cartridges.
8. The hydraulic smooth blasting construction method applicable to granite geological grade-III surrounding rock, as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the encoder sets the blasting interval of each type of blasthole to be 50 ms.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112943262A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 中铁七局集团武汉工程有限公司 | Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method |
| CN115468463A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-12-13 | 西南交通大学 | Blasting construction method for controlling overbreak and underexcavation |
| WO2023005344A1 (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2023-02-02 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Underground tunneling blasting advanced protection wall dust suppression method |
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