CN111391640B - Locking mechanism, locking assembly, quick-change bracket assembly and electric automobile - Google Patents

Locking mechanism, locking assembly, quick-change bracket assembly and electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111391640B
CN111391640B CN201811647258.5A CN201811647258A CN111391640B CN 111391640 B CN111391640 B CN 111391640B CN 201811647258 A CN201811647258 A CN 201811647258A CN 111391640 B CN111391640 B CN 111391640B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
locking
lock
tongue
lock shaft
lock tongue
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Active
Application number
CN201811647258.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111391640A (en
Inventor
***
周军桥
兰志波
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Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
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Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811647258.5A priority Critical patent/CN111391640B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a locking mechanism, a locking assembly, a quick-change bracket assembly and an electric automobile. The locking mechanism includes: a lock base having an opening for a lock shaft mounted to the battery pack to enter the cavity and a cavity extending from the opening; the lock tongue can rotate relative to the lock base to change between an unlocking state and a locking state, and the lock tongue is used for sequentially having a first locking part and a second locking part along a locking direction towards one side of the lock shaft, the first locking part is used for limiting the lock shaft to fall off from the lock base, and when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the second locking part is used for limiting the lock shaft to move towards the first locking part so as to prevent the lock shaft from leaving the cavity from the opening. The first locking portion carries out thick spacing to the lock axle, and the second locking portion carries out the smart spacing to the lock axle, can comparatively reliably lock the lock axle through the cooperation of first locking portion and second locking portion, comparatively showing the stability that has improved the locking, and then is favorable to improving electric automobile's the reliability that trades.

Description

Locking mechanism, locking assembly, quick-change bracket assembly and electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a locking mechanism, a locking assembly, a quick-change bracket assembly and an electric automobile.
Background
The existing battery packs of electric vehicles are generally divided into fixed battery packs and replaceable battery packs, wherein the fixed battery packs are generally fixed on the vehicles, and the vehicles are directly used as charging objects during charging. The replaceable battery pack is generally movably installed, and can be taken down at any time and replaced by a new battery pack.
During the replacement of a new battery pack, locking and unlocking of the battery pack are involved. Generally, lock shafts are mounted on the left and right sides of the battery pack; the locking mechanism is fixed on the quick-change bracket to be assembled into a quick-change bracket component, and the quick-change bracket component is mounted on a chassis of the electric automobile; the lock shaft is matched with the locking mechanism to realize the locking of the battery pack. However, the conventional lock mechanism generally includes only one lock portion in the lock direction, and the lock reliability is unstable, and it is necessary to detect the lock reliability by means of another detection device or the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that a locking mechanism in the prior art is unstable in locking reliability, and provides a locking mechanism for a battery pack, a locking assembly, a quick-change bracket assembly and an electric vehicle.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
A locking mechanism for a battery pack, the locking mechanism comprising:
a lock base having an opening for a lock shaft mounted to the battery pack to enter a cavity extending from the opening;
The lock comprises a lock base, a lock tongue, a first locking part and a second locking part, wherein the lock tongue can rotate relative to the lock base to change between an unlocking state and a locking state, the lock tongue is used for sequentially having the first locking part and the second locking part along a locking direction towards one side of the lock shaft, the first locking part is used for limiting the lock shaft to fall off from the lock base, and when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the second locking part is used for limiting the lock shaft to move towards the first locking part so as to prevent the lock shaft from leaving the cavity from the opening.
In this scheme, first locking portion on the spring bolt carries out thick spacing to the lock axle, and second locking portion carries out the essence spacing to the lock axle, can comparatively reliably lock the lock axle through the cooperation of first locking portion and second locking portion, comparatively showing the stability that has improved the locking.
Preferably, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are both arc structures adapted to the shape of the lock shaft, so that: when the lock shaft is positioned at the first locking part, the lock shaft is attached to the first locking part, and when the lock tongue is positioned at the locking state, the lock shaft is attached to the second locking part.
In this scheme, the structure of first locking portion and second locking portion is simple, and processing cost is lower, and the space that occupies is less. In addition, the shapes of the first locking part, the second locking part and the lock shaft are matched, so that the reliability of locking is improved.
Preferably, the lock tongue is a rotation center with respect to a rotation center of the lock base, a horizontal distance between a circular arc center of the first locking portion and the rotation center is a first distance, a horizontal distance between a circular arc center of the second locking portion and the rotation center is a second distance, and the second distance is greater than the first distance.
In this scheme, second locking portion and first locking portion set up at the interval in the locking direction, that is to say, first locking portion and second locking portion are in the different positions on the locking route respectively, and the locking of second locking portion to the lock axle is established and is carried out on the basis that first locking portion has played thick spacing (half locking) to the lock axle, is favorable to realizing the smart spacing (full locking) to the lock axle, and then is favorable to improving the reliability of locking.
Preferably, when the lock tongue is in the locked state, the arc center of the second locking portion is located below the rotation center.
In the scheme, the rotation center is higher than the arc center of the second locking part, so that the lock shaft is more firmly locked along the disengaging direction (corresponding to the unlocking direction), and the locking reliability is improved.
Preferably, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are adjacent.
In the scheme, the first locking part and the second locking part are adjacent, so that the occupied space of the lock tongue is reduced conveniently; on the other hand, the locking reliability is improved.
Preferably, the lock tongue comprises a lock tongue body and a lock tongue expansion part, the first locking part and the second locking part are arranged on the lock tongue body, and the lock tongue expansion part is positioned outside the lock base;
Wherein, one side of the lock tongue expansion part facing the lock base is provided with a first limit surface, one side of the lock base facing the lock tongue expansion part is provided with a second limit surface, when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the first limiting surface is abutted to the second limiting surface so as to prevent the lock tongue from continuously rotating along the locking direction.
In this scheme, first spacing face and second spacing face butt can prevent that the spring bolt from following the locking direction and continuing to rotate, not only are favorable to protecting the lock axle, are favorable to realizing again the reliability locking to the lock axle, can balance the moment because of the rotatory center of rotation skew production of spring bolt for the lock base.
Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes:
and the elastic component is arranged in the cavity, and when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the lock shaft is abutted between the second locking part and the elastic component.
In the scheme, on one hand, the elastic part is in elastic contact with the lock shaft, so that the lock shaft is protected; on the other hand, in the locking process, after the lock shaft passes through the first locking part and is attached to the second locking part, the lock shaft can continuously move towards the elastic part (along the positive direction of the X axis), and then the lock shaft reversely moves (along the negative direction of the X axis) under the action of the elastic part and the external force until the lock shaft is attached to the second locking part again, so that the full locking is completed.
Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes:
the reset component is arranged on the lock base, the reset component acts on the lock tongue, the reset component can elastically deform, and the reset component is used for enabling the lock tongue to rotate along the locking direction so as to reset from the unlocking state to the locking state.
Preferably, the reset component is provided with a first spring part and a second spring part, the first spring part is connected with the lock base, and the second spring part is connected with the lock tongue.
Preferably, the first spring portion is hinged to the lock base, and the second spring portion is hinged to the lock tongue.
Preferably, the restoring component is a tension spring, a torsion spring or a compression spring.
Preferably, the positions of the first locking part and the second locking part, which are used for removing towards one side of the lock shaft, in the lock tongue, and one side, which is used for deviating from the lock shaft, in the lock tongue are all provided with avoidance grooves.
In this scheme, dodge the groove and can dodge the spring bolt and lock axle, lock base and be in the interference of motion in-process, be favorable to improving the reliability of locking.
The invention also provides a locking assembly, which is characterized by comprising:
the locking mechanism;
the unlocking mechanism acts on the lock tongue to enable the lock tongue to rotate along an unlocking direction to change from the locking state to the unlocking state, and the unlocking direction is opposite to the locking direction.
Preferably, the unlocking mechanism comprises a force application handle, and the force application handle is connected with the lock tongue.
Preferably, the lock tongue is provided with a connecting hole, the force application handle is arranged in the connecting hole in a penetrating mode, and the force application handle is rotatably connected with the lock tongue through the connecting hole.
The invention also provides a quick-change bracket assembly which is characterized by comprising a quick-change bracket and the locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is fixedly arranged on the quick-change bracket.
The invention also provides an electric automobile which is characterized by comprising a battery pack and the quick-change bracket assembly, wherein the battery pack is arranged on the quick-change bracket assembly, and a lock shaft arranged on the battery pack is positioned in the cavity.
In the scheme, the improvement of the reliability of the electric automobile is facilitated on the basis of being beneficial to improving the reliability and stability of the locking mechanism on the locking shaft.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The invention has the positive progress effects that:
The first locking part on the lock tongue carries out thick spacing to the lock axle, and the second locking part carries out accurate spacing to the lock axle, can comparatively reliably lock the lock axle through the cooperation of first locking part and second locking part, comparatively showing the stability that has improved the locking, and then also be favorable to improving electric automobile's the reliability of changing electricity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a locking bolt in a locking mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2-5 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein the locking mechanism locks the lock shaft, wherein FIG. 2 illustrates the movement of the lock shaft along the Z-axis direction of the opening of the lock base; FIG. 3 shows the lock shaft moving forward along the X axis after entering the cavity from the opening; fig. 4 shows the first locking portion of the lock shaft and the locking bolt fitting; fig. 5 shows the locking bolt in the locked state and the lock shaft is adapted to the second locking portion of the locking bolt.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a locking mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
7-10 Illustrate the unlocking of the lock shaft by the locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 7 illustrates the positive displacement of the lock shaft along the X-axis by an external force, the lock shaft being disengaged from the second locking portion of the locking bolt; fig. 8 shows that the unlocking mechanism enables the lock tongue to rotate anticlockwise under the action of external force, the lock shaft is separated from the first locking part of the lock tongue, and the lock shaft moves along the X axis in the negative direction; FIG. 9 shows the lock shaft moved to the extreme position of the negative X-axis in the cavity (i.e., the side wall of the cavity); fig. 10 shows that the external force acting on the unlocking mechanism is lost, the lock tongue rotates clockwise, the lock shaft moves along the Z axis in the negative direction, and the lock tongue resets.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. Lock base
101. An opening
102. Cavity cavity
103. Second limiting surface
20. Spring bolt
201. First locking part
202. Second locking part
203. Pin hole
204. Spring bolt body
205. Spring bolt expansion part
206. First limiting surface
207. Tension spring hole
208. Avoidance groove
209. Connecting hole
30. Lock shaft
40. Elastic component
50. Reset component
60. Force application handle
K gap
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of examples which follow, without thereby restricting the scope of the invention thereto.
The present embodiment discloses a locking mechanism for a battery pack to achieve locking and unlocking of a lock shaft mounted on a side wall of the battery pack. As shown in fig. 1-10, the locking mechanism includes a lock base 10 and a locking tongue 20, wherein the lock base 10 has an opening 101 and a cavity 102 extending from the opening 101, the opening 101 being configured for the lock shaft 30 mounted to the battery pack to enter the cavity 102. The lock tongue 20 is rotatable relative to the lock base 10 to change between an unlocked state and a locked state, the lock tongue 20 is configured to have a first locking portion 201 and a second locking portion 202 in sequence along a locking direction toward one side of the lock shaft 30, the first locking portion 201 is configured to restrict the lock shaft 30 from falling off the lock base 10, and the second locking portion 202 is configured to restrict the lock shaft 30 from moving toward the first locking portion 201 when the lock tongue 20 is in the locked state to prevent the lock shaft 30 from exiting the cavity 102 from the opening 101.
In this embodiment, the first locking portion 201 on the lock tongue 20 performs coarse limit on the lock shaft 30, the second locking portion 202 performs fine limit on the lock shaft 30, and the lock shaft 30 can be locked more reliably by matching the first locking portion 201 and the second locking portion 202, so that the stability of locking is improved more significantly.
Further, as will be understood with reference to fig. 1 to 5 and fig. 7 to 10, the first locking portion 201 and the second locking portion 202 are each of a circular arc structure adapted to the shape of the lock shaft 30, such that: when the lock shaft 30 is located at the first locking portion 201, the lock shaft 30 is attached to one locking portion, and when the lock tongue 20 is in the locked state, the lock shaft 30 is attached to both locking portions.
The first locking portion 201 and the second locking portion 202 have simple structures, low processing cost and small occupied space. In addition, the shapes of the first locking portion 201 and the second locking portion 202 and the lock shaft 30 are adapted, which is advantageous in improving the reliability of locking.
Further, the rotation center of the lock tongue 20 with respect to the lock base 10 is a rotation center, the horizontal distance between the arc center of the first locking portion 201 and the rotation center is a first distance, the horizontal distance between the arc center of the second locking portion 202 and the rotation center is a second distance, and the second distance is greater than the first distance. A pin hole 203 is provided on the latch tongue 20 at a position corresponding to the rotation center for allowing a connection member, which connects the latch tongue 20 and the lock base 10 and rotates the latch tongue 20 with respect to the lock base 10, to pass through.
The second locking portion 202 and the first locking portion 201 are disposed at intervals in the locking direction, that is, the first locking portion 201 and the second locking portion 202 are respectively located at different positions on the locking path, and the locking of the second locking portion 202 to the lock shaft 30 is performed based on the fact that the first locking portion 201 has performed coarse limit (half locking) on the lock shaft 30, which is beneficial to achieving fine limit (full locking) on the lock shaft 30, and further beneficial to improving reliability of locking.
As will be understood with reference to fig. 5, when the latch tongue 20 is in the locked state, the arc center of the second locking portion 202 is located below the rotation center, and a gap K is formed between the rotation center and the arc center of the second locking portion 202. The rotation center is higher than the arc center of the second locking portion 202, so that the lock shaft 30 is more firmly locked along the disengaging direction (corresponding to the unlocking direction), which is beneficial to improving the reliability of locking.
Further, the first locking portion 201 and the second locking portion 202 are adjacent. The first locking part 201 and the second locking part 202 are adjacent, so that the occupied space of the lock tongue 20 is reduced; on the other hand, the locking reliability is improved.
Further, the lock tongue 20 includes a lock tongue body 204 and a lock tongue expansion portion 205, the first locking portion 201 and the second locking portion 202 are disposed on the lock tongue body 204, and the lock tongue 20 expansion portion is disposed outside the lock base 10. The side of the expansion portion of the lock tongue 20 facing the lock base 10 has a first limiting surface 206, and the side of the lock base 10 facing the expansion portion of the lock tongue 20 has a second limiting surface 103, when the lock tongue 20 is in a locking state, the first limiting surface 206 abuts against the second limiting surface 103 to prevent the lock tongue 20 from continuing to rotate along the locking direction.
The first limiting surface 206 and the second limiting surface 103 are abutted against each other to prevent the lock tongue 20 from continuing to rotate along the locking direction, which is beneficial to protecting the lock shaft 30 and realizing reliable locking of the lock shaft 30, and can balance the moment generated by the rotation center offset of the lock tongue 20 relative to the lock base 10.
As will be appreciated with reference to fig. 2-5 and 7-10, the locking mechanism further includes a resilient member 40, the resilient member 40 being disposed within the cavity 102, and the lock shaft 30 being in abutment between the second locking portion 202 and the resilient member 40 when the locking bolt 20 is in the locked state. On one hand, the elastic component 40 is in elastic contact with the lock shaft 30, so that the lock shaft 30 is protected; on the other hand, in the locking process, after the lock shaft 30 passes over the first locking portion 201 and is attached to the second locking portion 202, the lock shaft 30 continues to move toward the elastic member 40 (in the positive direction along the X axis), and then the lock shaft 30 moves in the reverse direction (in the negative direction along the X axis) under the action of the elastic member 40 and the external force until the lock shaft 30 is attached to the second locking portion 202 again, thereby completing the full locking.
As will be appreciated with reference to fig. 2-10, the locking mechanism further includes a reset member 50, wherein the reset member 50 is disposed on the lock base 10 and the reset member 50 acts on the latch tongue 20, the reset member 50 is capable of being elastically deformed, and the reset member 50 is configured to rotate the latch tongue 20 in the locking direction to reset from the unlocked state to the locked state. The return member 50 has a first spring portion connected to the lock base 10 and a second spring portion connected to the lock tongue 20. Wherein, the first spring part is hinged with the lock base 10, and the second spring part is hinged with the lock tongue 20.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the reset element 50 is a tension spring, and accordingly, the tension spring hole 207 is provided on the lock tongue 20. It should be noted that in other alternative embodiments, the return member 50 may also employ a torsion spring or a compression spring.
As will be appreciated with continued reference to fig. 1-5 and fig. 7-10, the locations of the locking bolt 20 for removing the first and second locking portions 201, 202 toward the side of the lock shaft 30, and the side of the locking bolt 20 for facing away from the lock shaft 30 are each provided with a relief groove 208. The avoidance groove 208 can avoid interference of the lock tongue 20, the lock shaft 30 and the lock base 10 in the moving process, which is beneficial to improving the locking reliability.
The embodiment also provides a locking assembly, which comprises an unlocking mechanism and the locking mechanism. The unlocking mechanism acts on the lock tongue 20 to rotate the lock tongue 20 in an unlocking direction to change from the locked state to the unlocked state, the unlocking direction being opposite to the locking direction. In this embodiment, as will be appreciated with reference to fig. 2 and 5-10, the unlocking mechanism includes a biasing handle 60, the biasing handle 60 being coupled to the locking bolt 20. Specifically, the lock tongue 20 is provided with a connection hole 209, the force application handle 60 is inserted through the connection hole 209, and the force application handle 60 is rotatably connected to the lock tongue 20 through the connection hole 209.
The following briefly describes the lower locking process and the unlocking process.
FIGS. 2-5 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein the locking mechanism locks the lock shaft, wherein FIG. 2 illustrates the movement of the lock shaft along the Z-axis direction of the opening of the lock base; FIG. 3 shows the lock shaft moving forward along the X axis after entering the cavity from the opening; fig. 4 shows the first locking portion of the lock shaft and the locking bolt fitting; fig. 5 shows the locking bolt in the locked state and the lock shaft is adapted to the second locking portion of the locking bolt. The embodiment also provides a quick-change bracket assembly, which comprises a quick-change bracket (not shown in the figure) and the locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is fixedly arranged on the quick-change bracket. Specifically, the lock base is stationary relative to the ground, as shown in fig. 2 (the arrow in fig. 2 indicates the moving direction of the lock shaft), the lock shaft moves along the opening of the lock base in the Z-axis direction, under the action of the lock shaft, the lock tongue rotates counterclockwise around the rotation center until the lock shaft abuts against the upper side wall of the cavity, at this time, the lock tongue rotates to the highest point (as shown in fig. 3), at this time, the lock shaft moves forward along the X-axis (the arrow in fig. 3 indicates the moving direction of the lock shaft), when moving to the first locking portion of the lock tongue, the lock tongue rotates clockwise around the rotation center under the action of the tension spring (3) and the dead weight, coarse limiting (as shown in fig. 4) of the lock shaft is achieved, then the lock shaft (4) continues to move forward along the X-axis, when reaching the second locking portion, the elastic component is compressed, and the lock tongue continues to rotate clockwise around the rotation center under the action of the tension spring (3) and the dead weight. The lock shaft moves along the X axis negatively to be attached to the second locking part under the action of the elastic component and the external force, the locking limiting is completed, and the precise limiting is realized, as shown in fig. 5.
7-10 Illustrate the unlocking of the lock shaft by the locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 7 illustrates the positive displacement of the lock shaft along the X-axis by an external force, the lock shaft being disengaged from the second locking portion of the locking bolt; fig. 8 shows that the unlocking mechanism enables the lock tongue to rotate anticlockwise under the action of external force, the lock shaft is separated from the first locking part of the lock tongue, and the lock shaft moves along the X axis in the negative direction; FIG. 9 shows the lock shaft moved to the extreme position of the negative X-axis in the cavity (i.e., the side wall of the cavity); fig. 10 shows that the external force acting on the unlocking mechanism is lost, the lock tongue rotates clockwise, the lock shaft moves along the Z axis in the negative direction, and the lock tongue resets. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the lock shaft is moved forward along the X-axis by the external force (the arrow in fig. 7 indicates the moving direction of the lock shaft) until the second locking portion is disengaged from the lock shaft; then, as shown in fig. 8, the lock tongue rotates counterclockwise around the rotation center under the action of external force (the direction of the arrow on the force-applying handle in fig. 8 indicates the direction of the external force), and under the action of external force, the lock tongue continues to rotate counterclockwise around the rotation center until the first locking portion also breaks away from the lock shaft, and under the action of external force, the lock shaft moves negatively along the X-axis (the arrow on the lock shaft in fig. 8 indicates the moving direction of the lock shaft). When the lock shaft moves to the side wall of the cavity, the lock shaft starts to move negatively to the Z shaft under the action of external force, at the moment, the external force on the force application handle is removed, and the lock tongue can rotate under the action of the tension spring (as shown in figure 9). The lock shaft continues to move downwards, the lock tongue resets under the action of the tension spring (as shown in fig. 10), and the reset position is consistent with the state before locking.
In addition, this embodiment also provides an electric automobile, which includes a battery pack and the above-mentioned quick-change bracket assembly, the battery pack is installed in the quick-change bracket assembly, and the lock shaft 30 installed in the battery pack is located in the cavity 102. The reliability of the locking mechanism on the locking shaft 30 and the stability of the locking mechanism are improved, and the reliability of the electric automobile in power exchange is also improved.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (15)

1. A locking mechanism for a battery pack, the locking mechanism comprising:
a lock base having an opening for a lock shaft mounted to the battery pack to enter a cavity extending from the opening;
The lock comprises a lock base, a lock tongue, a first locking part and a second locking part, wherein the lock tongue can rotate relative to the lock base to change between an unlocking state and a locking state, the lock tongue is used for sequentially having the first locking part and the second locking part along a locking direction towards one side of the lock shaft, the first locking part is used for limiting the lock shaft to fall off from the lock base, and when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the second locking part is used for limiting the lock shaft to move towards the first locking part so as to prevent the lock shaft from leaving the cavity from the opening;
The first locking part and the second locking part are of arc structures matched with the shape of the lock shaft, so that: when the lock shaft is positioned at the first locking part, the lock shaft is attached to the first locking part, and when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the lock shaft is attached to the second locking part;
The first locking portion and the second locking portion are adjacent.
2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein a center of rotation of the lock tongue relative to the lock base is a rotation center, a horizontal distance between a circular arc center of the first locking portion and the rotation center is a first distance, and a horizontal distance between a circular arc center of the second locking portion and the rotation center is a second distance, the second distance being greater than the first distance.
3. The locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the center of the arc of the second locking portion is located below the center of rotation when the tongue is in the locked state.
4. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking bolt comprises a bolt body and a bolt extension, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are disposed on the bolt body, and the bolt extension is located outside the lock base;
Wherein, one side of the lock tongue expansion part facing the lock base is provided with a first limit surface, one side of the lock base facing the lock tongue expansion part is provided with a second limit surface, when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the first limiting surface is abutted to the second limiting surface so as to prevent the lock tongue from continuously rotating along the locking direction.
5. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein said locking mechanism further comprises:
and the elastic component is arranged in the cavity, and when the lock tongue is in the locking state, the lock shaft is abutted between the second locking part and the elastic component.
6. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein said locking mechanism further comprises:
the reset component is arranged on the lock base, the reset component acts on the lock tongue, the reset component can elastically deform, and the reset component is used for enabling the lock tongue to rotate along the locking direction so as to reset from the unlocking state to the locking state.
7. The locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein said return member has a first spring portion and a second spring portion, said first spring portion being coupled to said lock base and said second spring portion being coupled to said locking tongue.
8. The locking mechanism of claim 7, wherein said first spring portion is hinged to said lock base and said second spring portion is hinged to said locking bolt.
9. The locking mechanism of claim 7, wherein said return member is a tension spring, torsion spring or compression spring.
10. The locking mechanism as recited in any one of claims 1-9, wherein a side of the locking bolt facing the lock shaft, from which the first locking portion and the second locking portion are removed, is provided with a relief groove.
11. A locking assembly, comprising:
A locking mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10;
the unlocking mechanism acts on the lock tongue to enable the lock tongue to rotate along an unlocking direction to change from the locking state to the unlocking state, and the unlocking direction is opposite to the locking direction.
12. The locking assembly of claim 11, wherein the unlocking mechanism includes a force handle coupled to the locking bolt.
13. The locking assembly of claim 12, wherein the locking bolt is provided with a connecting hole, the force application handle is arranged through the connecting hole, and the force application handle is rotatably connected to the locking bolt through the connecting hole.
14. A quick-change bracket assembly, comprising a quick-change bracket and a locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the locking mechanism is fixedly arranged on the quick-change bracket.
15. An electric vehicle comprising a battery pack and the quick-change bracket assembly of claim 14, wherein the battery pack is mounted to the quick-change bracket assembly and a lock shaft mounted to the battery pack is positioned in the cavity.
CN201811647258.5A 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 Locking mechanism, locking assembly, quick-change bracket assembly and electric automobile Active CN111391640B (en)

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