CN111357415A

CN111357415A - Follow-up profiling system of air-suction type film-laying seeder and film-laying seeder

Info

Publication number: CN111357415A
Application number: CN202010124377.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张春艳; 焦伟; 康建明; 彭强吉; 张宁宁; 王小瑜
Original assignee: Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
Current assignee: Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
Priority date: 2020-02-27
Filing date: 2020-02-27
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a follow-up profiling system of an air-suction type film-laying seeder and a film-laying seeder, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery, wherein the profiling system comprises a beam frame, a single group of frames, a film edge earthing follow-up profiling mechanism, a hole seeder follow-up profiling mechanism and a film earthing follow-up profiling mechanism; the single-group frame comprises edge beams; the side beam is connected with the beam frame and translates along the ground relative to the beam frame; the dibbler can be connected with the boundary beam through a traction plate and a traction arm and floats up and down through the traction arm; the soil covering disc, the pull rod I and the pull rod seat I of the membrane edge soil covering follow-up profiling mechanism are fixed on the edge beam and float up and down under the rotation of the pull rod I; the soil covering circular sheet on the film of the soil covering device on the film is fixed on the boundary beam of the single group of frames through the pull rod II and the pull rod seat II and floats up and down under the rotation of the pull rod II. Solves the problems of unsatisfactory profiling effect and poor sowing depth consistency, and improves the sowing quality of the air-aspiration type film-laying seeder.

Description

Follow-up profiling system of air-suction type film-laying seeder and film-laying seeder

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a follow-up profiling system of an air-suction type film-laying seeder and a film-laying seeder.

Background

The statements herein merely provide background related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

The movement of the soil-contacting part of the planter with the relief of the terrain is called profiling. The profiling mechanism with good performance can ensure that the soil contact part of the seeder always keeps a certain working depth along with the change of the terrain, and ditches with consistent depth are formed.

At present, most of domestic transplanting machines with profiling mechanisms are complex in structure, inconvenient to operate and poor in applicability. Patent CNI02487643A discloses an electric copying mechanism of a rice transplanter, which comprises a left copying mechanism and a right copying mechanism, wherein the two copying mechanisms are driven by two motors respectively and work independently, so that the heights of the two copying mechanisms can be adjusted respectively, and the frame of the rice transplanter can be kept parallel to a mud surface under the condition of uneven paddy field. However, the motor has many defects in the paddy field and is difficult to popularize. Patent CN201616999U discloses an electromechanical liquid profiling mechanism is broadcast to soybean essence, install profiling mechanism equipment board on the host computer frame, the rocker hinge that equips ground profile modeling layer board is installed on the profiling mechanism equipment board, lie in rocker upper end both sides and install the sensor respectively on the profiling mechanism equipment board, the both ends of spring are connected with rocker and profiling mechanism equipment board respectively, the hydraulic cylinder both ends are hinged with parallel four-bar linkage and host computer frame respectively, the signal that the sensor gathered goes to control the electromagnetic directional valve through profile modeling signal processor, the electromagnetic directional valve controls hydraulic cylinder, this mechanism control profile modeling action is accurate timely, degree of automation is high, however this mechanism is complicated, adopt the sensor to gather the signal, the easy trouble appears when working under abominable operating mode, the suitability is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the following profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder and the film-laying seeder are provided by the disclosure aiming at the problems of unsatisfactory profiling effect and poor seeding depth consistency of the air-suction type film-laying seeder.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a follow-up profiling system of an air-aspiration type film-laying seeder, which includes a beam frame, a single group of frames, a film edge soil-covering follow-up profiling mechanism, a hill-drop planter follow-up profiling mechanism, and a film soil-covering follow-up profiling mechanism; the single set of frames includes an edge beam; the side beam is connected with the beam frame and translates along the ground relative to the beam frame; the dibbler follow-up profiling mechanism comprises a traction arm and a traction plate; a hollow shaft is arranged on the dibbler; the hollow shaft is rotatably connected with the traction plate through a traction arm; a traction beam is arranged between the two edge beams of the single group of frames; the traction plate is fixed on the traction beam; the membrane edge soil covering follow-up profiling mechanism comprises a soil covering disc, a pull rod I and a pull rod seat I; the pull rod seat I is fixed on the boundary beam of the single group of frames and is hinged with one end of a pull rod; the other end of the pull rod is rotatably connected with the soil covering disc; the membrane soil covering device comprises a membrane soil covering wafer, a pull rod II and a pull rod seat II; the pull rod seat II is fixed on the boundary beam of the single group of frames and is hinged with one end of the pull rod II; the other end of the pull rod II is rotatably connected with the soil covering wafer.

Furthermore, the edge beams of the single group of frames are connected with the beam frame through a parallelogram profiling mechanism; the parallelogram profiling mechanism comprises two pull rods which swing in the same direction and are welded together, a front fixing bracket fixed on the beam frame and a rear fixing bracket fixed on the side beam; the two ends of the pull rod welded are respectively hinged with the front fixing bracket and the rear fixing bracket, the single-group frame keeps the consistency of the single-group frame on the ground height under the action of the parallelogram profiling mechanism, the stability of the film ditch depth and the seeding depth is improved, and the integral follow-up profiling of the single-group frame is realized.

Furthermore, the front fixing bracket is connected with the beam frame through a U-shaped fixing card sleeved on the beam frame; the U-shaped fixing clamp is connected with the front fixing bracket through a bolt.

Furthermore, the dibbler follow-up profiling mechanism also comprises an elastic pressure device for applying elastic pressure on the traction arm, and the elastic pressure ensures that the dibbler rolls against the ground all the time, thereby realizing the profiling of the dibbler and ensuring the seeding quality.

Further, the elastic pressure device comprises a spring rod connecting plate; the spring rod connecting plate is fixed on the traction arm; the spring rod connecting plate is connected with a spring rod I penetrating through the traction plate; and a spring I sleeved on the spring rod I is arranged between the traction plate and the spring rod connecting plate.

Furthermore, a spring seat which supports the spring I and can be adjusted up and down is arranged at the bottom of the spring rod; the top of the spring rod is provided with a limiting piece which limits the spring to move in a telescopic way and can adjust the up-down position.

Furthermore, the traction plate is detachably connected with the traction plate through a U-shaped bolt sleeved on the traction beam.

Furthermore, the soil-covering follow-up profiling mechanism on the film also comprises a pressurizing device which applies elastic pressure on the traction rod II; the elastic pressure ensures that the soil covering disc has certain soil cutting depth. Therefore, the profiling of the device for covering soil on the film is realized, and the effect of covering soil on the film is improved.

Further, the pressurizing device comprises a spring pressing plate and a spring rod II; the spring pressing plate is fixed on the edge beam; the spring rod II penetrates through the spring pressing plate to be connected with the pull rod II; and a spring II sleeved on the spring rod II is arranged between the spring pressing plate and the pull rod II, and a limiting part which limits the extension of the spring and can adjust the upper position and the lower position is arranged on the spring rod II.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a film-laying seeder, which includes any one of the above-mentioned follow-up profiling systems of the air-suction film-laying seeder.

The above disclosed embodiment achieves the following advantageous effects:

the follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder provided by the invention has the advantages that the overall follow-up profiling is carried out on the single-group frame, and the single-body follow-up profiling is carried out on all soil-contacting components in the single-group frame, so that the problems of unsatisfactory profiling effect and poor sowing depth consistency are solved, and the sowing quality of the air-suction type film-laying seeder is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a follow-up profiling system of an air-suction type film-laying seeder provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a follow-up profiling system of an air-suction type film-laying seeder provided by the disclosed embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single set of frame profile configurations provided by embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a follow-up profile structure of a film edge soil covering device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a follow-up profile structure of a dibbler provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a follow-up profile structure of an over-membrane soil covering device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

As introduced in the background art, the following profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder and the film-laying seeder are provided by the present disclosure, because the profiling effect of the air-suction type film-laying seeder in the prior art is not ideal and the consistency of the seeding depth is poor.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a follow-up copying system of an air-suction type film-laying seeder provided by the embodiment, fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the follow-up copying system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder provided by the embodiment mainly comprises a main beam 1, a secondary beam 2, a single-group frame 3, a parallelogram copying mechanism 4, a follow-up copying mechanism 5 of a film edge soil covering device, a hill planter follow-up copying mechanism 6 and a copying mechanism 7 of a film soil covering device; the single-group frame carries out integral follow-up profiling, and the follow-up profiling mechanism of the film spreading device, the hill planter follow-up profiling mechanism and the profiling mechanism of the film covering soil device which are directly or indirectly fixed on the single-group frame can realize the follow-up profiling of the single-body device, solve the problems of unsatisfactory profiling effect and poor sowing depth consistency, and improve the sowing quality of the air-aspiration type film spreading seeder.

As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a single-group frame profiling structure provided in this embodiment, the single-group frame includes an edge beam 303, a front cross beam 304 is disposed at the left end of the edge beam, a rear cross beam 302 is disposed at the right end of the edge beam, the edge beam is divided into a left edge beam and a right edge beam, which are connected to each other, and a working unit is formed between the left edge beam and the right edge beam, taking fig. 2 as an example, the air-suction type film-mulching seeder includes 3 working units, the middle single-group frame in fig. 2 is connected to a secondary beam of the seeder, and the two; the single-group frames are arranged in a staggered mode to avoid mutual interference of working components, in order to realize that the single-group frames can act along with the ground in the walking process of the seeder and realize integral follow-up profiling, the boundary beams on the single-group frames are connected with the main beams or the auxiliary beams through the connecting rod mechanisms; the first end of the link mechanism is hinged with the beam frame; the second end boundary beam of the link mechanism is hinged, and the link mechanism can realize the integral follow-up profiling of the boundary beam.

Specifically, the link mechanism in this embodiment includes a front fixing bracket 402, a rear fixing bracket 301, and a first pull rod seam 404 and a second pull rod seam 406 connected in front of the front and rear fixing brackets; the two ends of the first pull rod welding part 404 and the second pull rod welding part are respectively hinged with the front fixing bracket and the rear fixing bracket through a pin shaft I403 and a pin shaft II405 to form a parallelogram mechanism profiling mechanism 4, the rear fixing bracket can be welded on the boundary beam, and the front fixing bracket 402 is fixed on the beam frame.

Of course, the above-mentioned connecting structure is not the only structure in the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art may arrange other types of link mechanisms or other moving mechanisms according to the specific situation, as long as the link mechanisms can realize the translation of the single group of frames with respect to the main beams or the secondary beams along the bottom surface.

Optionally, the front fixing bracket 402 is connected to the beam frame by a fixing clip 401, the fixing clip is sleeved on the beam frame and connected to the front fixing bracket by a bolt, for example, the beam frame is a rectangular tube, so the fixing clip is U-shaped, and in short, the fixing clip matches with the beam frame in shape, which is convenient for disassembly, and of course, in some other embodiments, the front fixing bracket and the beam frame can be integrated.

Fig. 4 shows a follow-up profiling mechanism for a membrane edge casing device disclosed in this embodiment, the membrane edge casing device mainly functions to take soil and press membrane edges firmly, and the device mainly includes a pull rod I502, a pull rod seat I504, a casing disc 501 for casing soil, and the like, wherein the pull rod seat I504 is fixed on an edge beam of a single group of frame, and can be welded on the edge beam or integrated with the edge beam, a first end of the pull rod I502 is hinged with the pull rod seat I504 through a pin III503, a second end of the pull rod is rotatably connected with the casing disc, for example, the casing disc is mounted on a shaft through a rolling bearing, and the shaft and the pull rod I502 are fixedly mounted, so that the pull rod I502 can freely rotate around the pin III503, and the membrane edge casing disc follows up by its own weight.

Of course, the tie rod of the present disclosure is not limited to a single tie rod, and other types of tie rod mechanisms may be provided between the tie rod base and the additional casing disks, as long as the mechanism can achieve casing disk follow-up.

The mechanism applied to the following profiling of the hill planter as disclosed in this embodiment mainly comprises a traction plate 604, a traction arm 602, a spring rod I608, and the like, wherein a hollow shaft 601 of the hill planter is arranged at a central position on one side of a rotation direction of the hill planter, the hollow shaft 601 transmits negative pressure to a seed-picking disc, the hollow shaft 601 is rotatably connected with a first end of the traction arm 602, for example, the traction arm 602 is sleeved on the hollow shaft 601, a second end of the traction arm 602 is hinged with the traction plate 604 through a traction shaft 603, and the traction plate 604 is directly fixed on a beam frame, so that the hill planter can be guaranteed to float up and down along with the ground along with the traction arm 602, and the following profiling of the hill planter is realized.

Furthermore, a box support 609 of the hill planter is fixed on the traction arm 602 and forms a certain angle with the traction arm 602, a spring rod connecting plate 610 is arranged between the traction arm 602 and the box support 609, two ends of the spring rod connecting plate 610 are respectively welded on the traction arm 602 and the box support 609, an area corresponding to the spring rod connecting plate is arranged on the upper portion of the traction plate, a through hole is arranged on the area, the through hole and the spring rod connecting plate are parallel to each other, a spring rod I608 passes through the through hole on the traction plate and is hinged with the spring rod connecting plate 610 through a pin shaft, a spring I606 is arranged between the traction plate and the spring rod connecting plate 610, the spring I606 is sleeved on the spring rod I608, a spring seat 605 is arranged on the spring rod I608 for supporting the lower end of the spring I606, a thread structure is arranged on the upper end of the spring rod I608, the clamping plate is sleeved on the spring rod I608, through bolt location, the elastic pressure of the spring I606 acts on the spring rod connecting plate 610, and when the ground height changes, the pressure of the spring I606 ensures that the hill-drop planter always rolls against the ground.

Meanwhile, in order to adjust the pressure of the spring, the lower end of the spring seat 605 in the embodiment is positioned through a cotter pin, specifically, small holes with equal intervals are uniformly formed in the lower portion of the spring 606 in the vertical direction, the cotter pin penetrates through the small holes to position the spring seat and adjust the upper position and the lower position, and thus the pressure of the spring can be adjusted through two modes of adjusting the position of the bolt or the position of the spring seat so as to adapt to different sowing depths.

Of course, in other embodiments, other elastic members may be provided between the pulling plate and the spring rod connecting plate, such as a gas spring, etc., as long as the elastic pressure of the elastic member directly or indirectly acts on the spring rod connecting plate to ensure that the dibbler always rolls along with the bottom surface.

As shown in fig. 6, which is a follow-up copying mechanism of an over-membrane soil covering device, the copying mechanism mainly includes a pull rod II702, a pull rod seat II704, an over-membrane soil covering disc 701, and the like, as with the over-membrane soil covering device, the pull rod seat II704 in this embodiment is fixed on an edge beam of a single set of frame, for example, welded, a first end of the pull rod II702 is hinged with the pull rod seat II702 through a rotating shaft I703, a second end of the pull rod II702 is rotatably connected with the over-membrane soil covering disc 701, for example, the over-membrane soil covering disc is mounted on a shaft through a rolling bearing, and the shaft and the pull rod II702 are fixedly mounted, so that the over-membrane soil covering disc 701 can float up and down along with the rotation of the pull rod II 702.

Furthermore, the pull rod in this embodiment is provided with an elastic pressing device for applying elastic pressure to the pull rod II702 to ensure that the covering disc has a certain soil cutting depth, for example, a spring rod base 711 is welded on the pull rod II, a corresponding spring pressure plate 705 is arranged on the side beam, a screw hole is arranged on the spring pressure plate, a spring rod II708 passes through the screw hole and is hinged with a spring rod base 711 through a rotating shaft II710, a spring II709 is installed between the spring pressure plate 705 and the spring rod base 711, the spring II709 is sleeved on the spring rod II708, a plurality of through holes are arranged at the upper part of the spring rod II708, the pressure spring seat 707 is arranged on the spring rod II708, and is positioned by using a split pin 706, so that when a spring pressing plate is contacted with a pressure spring seat, the soil covering disc is positioned at the bottommost part, the position of the soil covering disc contacted with the ground moves upwards during working, and a spring II709 pressurizes a pull rod II702 to ensure the soil cutting depth of the soil covering disc. The pressure of the spring II709 can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the cotter 706 to adapt to different soil cutting depths.

Of course, in other embodiments, other elastic members may be provided between the traction plate and the spring rod connecting plate, for example, a gas spring is installed, or one end of the elastic member is fixed on the pull rod, and the other end is directly fixed on the edge beam, so long as it is ensured that the elastic pressure of the elastic member directly or indirectly acts on the pull rod and the soil covering disc has a certain soil cutting depth.

In addition, this disclosure provides a shop's membrane seeder, should shop membrane seeder etc. that should lay membrane seeder can the air-suction type, and these seeders all include foretell shop membrane seeder follow-up profile modeling system, have solved the unsatisfactory, the poor problem of the depth of planting uniformity of profile modeling effect, improve the quality of shop membrane and seeding.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a follow-up profile modeling system of pneumatic plastic film-mulching seeder which characterized in that: the profiling system comprises a beam frame, a single group of frames, a membrane edge earthing follow-up profiling mechanism, a hill planter follow-up profiling mechanism and a membrane earthing follow-up profiling mechanism;

the single set of frames includes an edge beam; the side beam is connected with the beam frame and translates along the ground relative to the beam frame;

the dibbler follow-up profiling mechanism comprises a traction arm and a traction plate; a hollow shaft is arranged on the dibbler; the hollow shaft is rotatably connected with the traction plate through a traction arm; a traction beam is arranged between the two edge beams of the single group of frames; the traction plate is fixed on the traction beam;

the membrane edge soil covering follow-up profiling mechanism comprises a soil covering disc, a pull rod I and a pull rod seat I; the pull rod seat I is fixed on the boundary beam of the single group of frames and is hinged with one end of a pull rod; the other end of the pull rod is rotatably connected with the soil covering disc;

the membrane soil covering device comprises a membrane soil covering wafer, a pull rod II and a pull rod seat II; the pull rod seat II is fixed on the boundary beam of the single group of frames and is hinged with one end of the pull rod II; the other end of the pull rod II is rotatably connected with the soil covering wafer.

2. The follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge beams of the single-group frame and the beam frame are connected by a parallelogram profiling mechanism; the parallelogram profiling mechanism comprises two pull rods which swing in the same direction and are welded together, a front fixing bracket fixed on the beam frame and a rear fixing bracket fixed on the side beam; the two ends of the pull rod welded are hinged with the front fixing bracket and the rear fixing bracket respectively.

3. The follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the front fixing bracket is connected by a U-shaped fixing card sleeved on the beam frame; the U-shaped fixing clamp is connected with the front fixing bracket through a bolt.

4. The follow-up profiling system of the air-aspiration type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hill-drop follow-up profiling mechanism further comprises an elastic pressure device for applying elastic pressure on the traction arm, the elastic pressure ensuring that the hill-drop rolls against the ground at all times.

5. The follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 4, wherein the elastic pressure device comprises a spring rod connecting plate; the spring rod connecting plate is fixed on the traction arm; the spring rod connecting plate is connected with a spring rod I penetrating through the traction plate; and a spring I sleeved on the spring rod I is arranged between the traction plate and the spring rod connecting plate.

6. The follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bottom of the spring rod is provided with a spring seat which supports the spring I and can be adjusted up and down; the top of the spring rod is provided with a limiting piece which limits the spring to move in a telescopic way and can adjust the up-down position.

7. The follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the traction plate is detachably connected with the traction beam by a U-shaped bolt sleeved on the traction beam.

8. The follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil-on-film follow-up profiling mechanism further comprises a pressurizing device for applying elastic pressure on the traction rod II; the elastic pressure ensures that the soil covering disc has certain soil cutting depth.

9. The follow-up profiling system of the air-suction type film-laying seeder as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pressurizing device comprises a spring pressing plate and a spring rod II; the spring pressing plate is fixed on the edge beam; the spring rod II penetrates through the spring pressing plate to be connected with the pull rod II; and a spring II sleeved on the spring rod II is arranged between the spring pressing plate and the pull rod II, and a limiting part which limits the extension of the spring and can adjust the upper position and the lower position is arranged on the spring rod.

10. A film-laying seeder comprising an air-aspiration type film-laying seeder follow-up profile system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.