CN111328744A - Device and method for cultivating hemifusus litchis metamorphosis larvae and hemifusus litchis - Google Patents
Device and method for cultivating hemifusus litchis metamorphosis larvae and hemifusus litchis Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
- A01K61/53—Baskets therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for cultivating metamorphosis larvae and young snails of lychee snails, wherein the device comprises a cultivating tank, the upper end of the cultivating tank is opened, the bottom end of the cultivating tank is provided with a screen, the upper part of the cultivating tank is provided with an insertion hole, and an air-lift pump is inserted into the insertion hole; the air lift pump comprises a horizontal pipe and a vertical liquid lifting pipe which are connected, the horizontal pipe is inserted into the insertion hole, an air stone is arranged at the bottom in the liquid lifting pipe, one end of the air stone is connected with an air inflation hose, the air inflation hose is arranged in the air lift pump, one end of the air inflation hose is connected with the air stone, and the other end of the air inflation hose extends out through the horizontal pipe and is used for inflation. The device is used for cultivation, and feeding change of baits is noticed in the cultivation process. The method can realize the high-efficiency cultivation of the post-metamorphosis larvae and the young snail stage of the molluscum conch, the metamorphosis rate reaches more than 30 percent, the survival rate of the young snail is more than 60 percent, the yield per unit is improved, the cultivation space and the cultivation water are saved, and the manpower is reduced; and the device and the method are simple and convenient, and are convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for culturing metamorphosis larvae and young snails of lychee snails, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
Lichee snail (litchi snail) ((litchi snail))Thais clavigeraKuster) also called as 'peppery snail' is a carnivorous snail which is a species commonly seen in China and widely distributed on reefs in intertidal zones along the sea. The pork is delicate in meat quality and unique in taste, so that the pork is a delicious dish on a dining table. In order to pursue greater benefits, the strength of the collected snails is increased, so that the natural resources of the snails decline year-to-year. Therefore, it is necessary to develop artificial breeding production and supplement and repair resources by releasing artificially bred offspring seeds.
At present, the young litchis are mainly cultivated in a cultivation pond. For the cultivation mode of the cultivation pool, because animal baits need to be fed in the young snail cultivation stage, and animal bait leachates and residual baits thereof are easy to spoil the water quality, the cleanness of the pool water needs to be ensured by increasing the water change amount or frequently changing the pool and the like; these operations greatly increase the labor intensity, waste the water for cultivation and increase the loss rate of larvae.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for cultivating the metamorphosis larvae and young snails of the lychee snails, and also aims to provide a method for cultivating the metamorphosis larvae and young snails of the lychee snails by using the device so as to make up for the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a cultivating device for metamorphosis larva and young snail of litchi chinensis comprises a cultivating groove, wherein the upper end of the cultivating groove is open, the bottom end of the cultivating groove is provided with a screen, the upper part of the cultivating groove is provided with an insertion hole, and an air lift pump is inserted into the insertion hole; the air lift pump comprises a horizontal pipe and a vertical liquid lifting pipe which are connected, the horizontal pipe is inserted into the insertion hole, the bottom in the liquid lifting pipe is provided with an air stone, one end of the air stone is connected with an air inflation hose, the air inflation hose is arranged in the air lift pump, one end of the air stone is connected with the air stone, and the other end of the air stone extends out of the pipe through the horizontal pipe and is used for inflation; the seawater in the liquid lifting pipe is lower in density than seawater outside the pipe due to bubbles generated by aeration of the air stone, the seawater is lifted in the liquid lifting pipe due to the density difference of the seawater inside and outside the liquid lifting pipe and enters the cultivation tank along the horizontal pipe, and the port at the tail end of the horizontal pipe is higher than the water surface, so that the seawater in the cultivation tank forms downward flow from top to bottom.
Furthermore, the upper part of the culture tank is provided with a buoy for keeping the culture tank floating and balanced along with the lifting of the water surface in the water pool, preventing the culture tank from inclining and buffering the mutual collision among the culture tanks.
Furthermore, the tail end of the liquid lifting pipe is of an elbow structure to prevent the gas stone from being separated; the gas stripping pump is a 'Z-shaped' pipe.
Furthermore, the tail end of the liquid lifting pipe is provided with a screen with the mesh of 120-150 meshes, and the screen is used for preventing large-particle impurities and other dirt in the pool water from entering the device.
Furthermore, the tail end of the liquid lifting pipe is provided with an external thread, and the screen is fixed through the external connection and the internal connection of the two ends of the screen.
Furthermore, the mesh of the screen is 80-20 meshes.
Furthermore, the inner angle of the cultivating groove is a round angle, and is used for eliminating water flow dead angles.
Furthermore, one corner of the cultivation tank is designed to be a plastering surface for placing an air-lift pump system to ensure that a plurality of groups of devices can be arranged in order after being connected in parallel, and the operation and management are convenient.
Further, the inflation hose is inflated by an inflator.
The incubation device may be used in a plurality of cases in actual use.
The method for cultivating the larvae and young snails suitable for the metamorphosis of the lychee snails on the basis of the device comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the larvas of the metamorphosis of the hemifusus litchis into the cultivating device, placing the cultivating device into a cultivating pool, and starting the cultivating device;
(2) feeding plant algae bait mainly in the cultivation of the metamorphosis larva, and adding animal bait;
(3) after the metamorphosis larva is successfully metamorphosed into young snails, continuously feeding algae and animal baits at the early stage of the young snails; with the growth and development of young snails, the feeding amount of algae baits is gradually reduced, the feeding amount of animal baits is gradually increased, then the animal baits are completely fed, and the feeding of the algae baits is stopped;
(4) after 16-25 days of cultivation, the cultivation is completed when the young snails grow to 3 mm.
Further, the step (1) is preceded by a pretreatment of the culture pond: and (4) disinfecting the cultivation pool, and filtering the seawater by using sand, wherein the pH value of the seawater is 7.9-8.1.
Further, the metamorphic larvae in the step (1) are in the later stage of face plate larvae, the settlement and attachment are started, the larvae have face plates and gradually degenerate, and only the larvae of the hemipleus litchii which are in ventral podium motion are used.
Further, the breeding density of the metamorphic larvae in the step (1) is 1-1.5 larvae per ml, and the density is gradually sparse along with the completion of metamorphosis and the growth of juvenile mollusks; the temperature of the water for cultivation is the natural seawater temperature.
Further, the morphous larvae in the step (2) are mixed and fed with golden algae, flat algae and chlorella, and then added with spirulina, shrimp pieces or oyster meat for squeezing juice, wherein the feeding density of the golden algae is 10000 pieces/ml, the feeding density of the flat algae and the chlorella is 1000 pieces/ml respectively, and the feeding amount of the shrimp pieces, the oyster meat and the spirulina is 2.5g/m respectively3(ii) a The shrimp slices, the oyster meat and the spirulina are all the products screened by a sieve with 300-200 meshes; feeding three times per day.
Further, after the larva to be metamorphosed in the step (3) is successfully metamorphosed into young snails, 12000 pieces/ml of chrysophyceae, 1200 pieces/ml of flat algae and chlorella respectively and 3g/m of shrimp pieces, oyster meat and spirulina respectively are continuously fed in the early stage of the young snails3(ii) a The shrimp slices, oyster meat and spirulina are all 150-mesh undersize products. Feeding three times a day; with the growth and development of young snail, the administration of monadian algaeThe feeding amount is gradually reduced, the feeding amount of the shrimp slices, the oyster meat and the spirulina is gradually increased, then animal baits are completely fed, and the feeding of the unicellular algae is stopped; when the young snails grow to 2-3 mm, the juice squeezed by the shrimp slices, oyster meat and spirulina is changed into 80-100 mesh undersize, and the shrimp slices, oyster meat and spirulina are gradually mixed and fed with living ruditapes philippinarum, mactra quadrangularis or large-particle shrimp slices.
Further, in the steps (2) and (3), antibiotics are added into the culture pond to prevent the metamorphosis larva from being infected with pathogens.
Furthermore, in the steps (2) and (3), beneficial bacteria such as photosynthetic bacteria or EM bacteria and the like are added into the culture pond to degrade harmful components such as animal bait extract, residual bait, excrement and the like, so that the water quality is prevented from being spoiled; meanwhile, beneficial bacteria in the water become dominant flora, and the effect of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria is achieved.
Furthermore, in the whole cultivation stage, every 2 days, taking down the screen of the cultivation device for cleaning or replacing a new net; gradually replacing the screen with larger meshes along with the growth of the young shellfish; the ingestion, growth, movement and other conditions of the litchis are checked at least once every day, and the problems are found and analyzed and solved in time.
The device and the culture method are not only suitable for culturing anaphase larvae and young snails of the lychee snails, but also can be used for the rapana venosa (Rapana venosa (Roxb.))Rapana venosa) And other gastropods.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention has simple and ingenious structural design, utilizes practical experience to design in detail, is simple and convenient to disassemble and assemble, can effectively utilize space and is easy to manage, and the young snail cultivation method is formed by taking the device as a carrier. The whole circle of foam floats are adhered to the periphery of the upper part of the outer wall of the cultivating groove of the device, so that the cultivating groove can float up and down along with the water level, the balance of the cultivating groove is improved, the problem of seedling running caused by inclination of the periphery of the device due to unbalanced stress is prevented, and mutual collision among the devices is also avoided; the screen mesh additionally arranged on the air lift pump system can effectively prevent large-particle impurities in the pool water from entering the device, and the water quality in the device is guaranteed; the elbow design of the lower end of the lift pipe of the gas stripping pump can effectively prevent the air stone from being separated from the pipe orifice.
Practice proves that the method can realize efficient cultivation of the anaphase metamorphosis larvae and the young snail stage of the oncomelania litchii, the metamorphosis rate reaches more than 30 percent, the survival rate of the young snail is more than 60 percent, the yield per unit is improved, the cultivation space and the cultivation water are saved, and the manpower is reduced; and the device and the method are simple and convenient, and are convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a one-piece assembly view of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a single piece assembly view of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a multi-piece assembly application of the apparatus of the present invention.
The cultivation method comprises the following steps of 1-cultivation tank, 2-fillet, 3-jack, 4-air-lift pump, 4-1-inflation hose, 4-2-horizontal pipe, 4-3-riser pipe, 4-4-air stone, 4-5-screen, 4-6-internal connection, 5-plastering, 6-foam float, 7-screen, 8-buckle, 9-rubber ring and 10-fixing frame.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, a cultivating device for the metamorphosis larva and young snail of lychee snail, which comprises a cultivating tank 1, wherein the upper end of the cultivating tank 1 is open, the bottom end of the cultivating tank is provided with a screen 7, the screen is 80-20 meshes, the upper part of the cultivating tank 1 is provided with a jack 3, and an air-lift pump 4 is inserted through the jack 3; the air lift pump 4 comprises a horizontal pipe 4-2 and a vertical liquid lifting pipe 4-3 which are connected, the horizontal pipe 4-2 is inserted into the jack 3, the bottom of the liquid lifting pipe 4-3 is provided with an air stone 4-4, one end of the air stone 4-4 is connected with an air inflation hose 4-1, the air inflation hose 4-1 is arranged in the air lift pump 4, one end of the air inflation hose is connected with the air stone 4-4, and the other end of the air inflation hose extends out through the horizontal pipe 4-2 and is used for air inflation; the cultivating device is arranged in a cultivating pool, the density of seawater in the liquid lifting pipe 4-3 is lower than that of seawater outside the pipe due to bubbles generated by the aeration of the air stone 4-4, the density difference of the seawater inside and outside the liquid lifting pipe 4-3 enables the seawater to be lifted in the liquid lifting pipe 4-3 and enter the cultivating tank 1 along the horizontal pipe 4-2, and the opening part at the tail end of the horizontal pipe 4-2 is higher than the water surface, so that the seawater in the cultivating tank forms a downward flow from top to bottom.
The upper part of the culture tank 1 is provided with a buoy 6 for keeping the culture tank 1 floating and balanced along with the lifting of the water surface in the water pool, preventing the culture tank 1 from inclining and buffering the mutual collision among the culture tanks. The inner angle of the cultivating groove 1 is a round angle and is used for eliminating water flow dead angles. The cultivating tank 1 is square hopper-shaped and is used for increasing the volume of the device and saving the occupied space. One corner of the culture tank 1 is designed into a plastering surface 5 for placing an air-lift pump system to ensure that a plurality of groups of devices can be arranged orderly after being connected in parallel, thereby facilitating the operation and management.
When the screen 7 is blocked or polluted by impurities, the screen needs to be cleaned or replaced in time. And, along with the growth of young snails, the screen with larger meshes needs to be replaced in time according to the size of the young snails. The screen 7 is disassembled and assembled by opening or closing the four buckles 8 and the disassembling and assembling fixing frame 10. When the screen 7 is installed each time, the inner sides of the fixing frame 10 and the rubber ring 9 are free from hard or sharp foreign matters such as silt, so as to prevent young snails from being lost due to the fact that the screen 7 is punctured.
The specific description is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air lift pump 4 is Z-shaped and comprises a horizontal pipe 4-2, a riser pipe 4-3, two bends, an external wire direct (hereinafter referred to as "external connection"), a screen 4-5, an internal wire direct (hereinafter referred to as "internal connection") 4-6, an air inflation hose 4-1 and an air stone 4-4. The seawater in the riser tube 4-3 has a density lower than that of seawater outside the tube due to bubbles generated by aeration of the air stone 4-4, and the seawater is lifted in the riser tube 4-3 and enters the cultivation tank 1 along the horizontal tube 4-2 due to the density difference of the seawater inside and outside the riser tube 4-3, so that the seawater in the cultivation tank forms a downward flow from top to bottom. The mouth part of the tail end of the horizontal pipe 4-2 is positioned at the central position of the cultivating tank 1 and is about 3-5 cm higher than the water surface. The elbow below the riser tube 4-3 mainly plays a role in preventing the air stone 4-4 from falling off and also plays a role in connecting external connection. The screen 4-5 is fixed through the external connection and the internal connection 4-6 at the two ends of the screen, the mesh of the screen 4-5 is 120-150 meshes, and the screen is used for preventing large-particle impurities and other dirt in pool water from entering the device. When the screen 4-5 is blocked by impurities to affect the water flow, the screen can be detached by unscrewing the inner connector 4-6, cleaned or renewed and then fixed at the outer connector part through the inner connector 4-6. Fixed frame 10 in along being equipped with round rubber circle 9 and four buckles 8 for improve the closely knit nature between screen cloth 7 and the breeding trough 1 and prevent that fixed frame 10 from droing because of rivers are too big.
The device is made of PVC material, has the characteristics of firmness, portability, seawater corrosion resistance and the like, and is easy to move and operate; the water volume of the device is increased by using the square bucket structure; the round angle design of the cultivating groove solves the problem of water flow dead angles; the plastering design scheme at one corner of the cultivation tank effectively improves the space utilization rate of the device, so that each device can be assembled neatly and is convenient to operate and manage; the rubber ring and the buckle structure are additionally arranged on the fixing frame, so that the compacting effect of the device is greatly improved, and the seedling leakage accident is further prevented; a whole circle of foam floats are adhered to the periphery of the upper part of the outer wall of the cultivation tank, so that the cultivation tank can float up and down along with the water level, the balance of the cultivation tank is improved, the seedling running problem caused by inclination due to unbalanced stress on the periphery of the device is prevented, and mutual collision among the devices is also avoided; the screen mesh additionally arranged on the air lift pump system can effectively prevent large-particle impurities in the pool water from entering the device, and the water quality in the device is guaranteed; the elbow at the lower end of the lift pipe of the gas stripping pump can effectively prevent the air stone from dropping out of the pipe orifice; the external connection and internal connection design of the tail end of the air stripping pump system simplifies the operation of replacing the screen.
Example 2:
as shown in figures 1 and 2, a device for culturing young litchis comprises a square-hopper-shaped culturing groove 1, wherein the length and the width of the culturing groove are both 30cm and the height of the culturing groove is 50 cm; one corner of the cultivating groove 1 is designed as a plastering surface 5, and the width of the plastering surface 5 is 15 cm; a jack 3 is arranged at a position 2cm away from the top of the plastering surface 5, and the aperture of the jack 3 is 25 mm; five corners of the cultivating groove 1 are 2cm round corners 2; an air lift pump 4 is inserted into the jack 3, the air lift pump 4 is designed to be Z-shaped and consists of a horizontal pipe 4-2, a liquid lifting pipe 4-3, two elbows, an external connection part, a screen 4-5, an internal connection part 4-6, an air inflation hose 4-1 and an air stone 4-4; the elbow at the lower end of the liquid lifting pipe 4-3 is designed, so that the air stone 4-4 can be effectively prevented from being separated; the screen 4-5 is fixed by the external connection and the internal connection 4-6 at the two sides and is used for preventing dirt such as large-particle impurities in the pond water from entering the device; when the screen 4-5 is blocked by impurities to affect water flow, the screen can be detached by unscrewing the inner connector 4-4, cleaned or renewed and then fixed at the outer connector part through the inner connector 4-6; the lower end of the cultivating tank 1 is covered with a layer of screen 7 and fixed at the lower end of the cultivating tank 1 by a fixing frame 10, so as to prevent larvae or young snails from escaping; the inner edge of the fixing frame 10 is provided with a circle of rubber ring 9 so as to improve the compactness of the fixing frame 10 and further prevent larvae or young snails from losing; the edge of the fixed frame 10 is provided with a buckle 8 for reinforcing the fixed frame 10 and the screen 7 and preventing the fixed frame and the screen from falling off due to overlarge water flow; a circle of foam floats 6 are arranged at the upper part outside the wall of the cultivating tank 1, so that the cultivating tank 1 keeps floating and balance along with the rise and fall of the water level in the pool water, and the mutual collision among all the monomer devices is buffered.
The device specifically sets up: the length and width of the cultivation tank (1) are both 30-32 cm, and the height is 50-52 cm; the width of the plastering surface (5) is 10-15 cm; the radius of the fillet (2) is 2 cm; the jack (3) is positioned 2cm below the top of the plastering surface (5), and the aperture is 25-32 mm; the calibers of pipes and pipe fittings of the gas stripping pump (4) are 25-32 mm; the screen (4-5) is a 120-150-mesh screen; the mesh of the screen (7) is 80-20 meshes; the foam buoy (6) is located 2cm below the insertion hole (3) of the cultivation tank (1) and is 5cm thick, and buoyancy is guaranteed to be more than 3-5 kg.
When in use, as shown in fig. 3, 4 devices are combined, and the space of the culture pond can be fully utilized.
Example 3:
the invention is explained in detail by taking the artificial breeding of the anaphase metamorphosis larva and the young snail breeding as examples, and the specific operation steps of the method for the device provided based on the embodiments 1 and 2 to be suitable for the anaphase metamorphosis larva and the young snail breeding are as follows:
(a) preparation of cultivation pond
The cultivation pond is 15m3The depth of the cement pond is 1.5m, and the cultivation pond adopts 30 × 10-6The potassium permanganate solution is washed and disinfected, and is washed clean after 20 min. The seawater is subjected to sand filtration treatment, and the pH value of the seawater is 7.9.
(b) Preparing 8 sets of young wart litchi snail breeding devices (the specific structure of the device is shown in the embodiment 2). Adjusting the water level of the cultivation pool to 80cm, placing the devices in the cultivation pool, and connecting aeration hoses every 4 groups according to the placement mode shown in figure 3; according to the size of the cultivation pool, a plurality of groups of devices can be placed in the pool.
(c) In 5-6 months before the breeding season of the wart litchi snail, putting the larvae in the metamorphosis stage into a device: in 6-7 months, the natural water temperature is 26-28 ℃, and the salinity is 30-33. At the moment, collected larvae in the metamorphosis stage of the wart lychee snails are already in the later-stage face plate larva stage and begin to settle and attach, the larvae are gradually degenerated in the face plate, and only the gastropod exercises are used, so that metamorphosis is started. Firstly, putting four downflow devices into a culture pond in a group, facing the floating surfaces of the four devices inwards, and connecting the four devices together by using a rope to achieve the purpose of fully utilizing the space; two sets of eight device monomers are arranged. The air pump is used for inflating the air stone, so that water circulation is formed between the downflow device and the culture pond. Then, the metamorphosis larva is placed into the device, and the downstream device is utilized to cultivate the later metamorphosis larva and young snails.
(d) The breeding method of the metamorphosis larva comprises the following steps: adjusting the water level of the culture pond to 80cm, the water temperature of the seedling culture pond to 28 ℃, and the density of the larvae in the metamorphosis stage to be about 1.5/ml; feeding unicellular algae such as chrysophyceae, Platymonas mellea and Chlorella, wherein the density of the chrysophyceae is 10000/ml, and the density of the Platymonas mellea and the Chlorella is 1000/ml respectively; mixing prawn slices, Carnis Ostreae and Spirulina powder, crushing with a juicer, filtering with 300 mesh screen, and feeding the undersize material into the device with a bait amount of 2.5g/m3Feeding three times a day, alternately sprinkling 20 × 10 to the cultivation pool every day-6Photosynthetic bacteria and 0.5 × 10-6~2×10-6Penicillin and other antibiotics.
(f) The method for cultivating the young snails comprises the following steps: after the larvae in the metamorphosis stage are cultivated for 5-7 days, the larvae in the metamorphosis stage are successfully metamorphosed into young snails. At the moment, the young snails reach a layer of 3 snails, the body length is more than 1000 mu m, the flour plate is completely degenerated, the camp benthonic creeping life is realized, the foot adsorption force is strong, the feeding mode is licking, and the feeding property is carnivorous. Mixing prawn slices, Carnis Ostreae and Spirulina powder, crushing with a juicer, filtering with 150 mesh sieve, and feeding the undersize product into the device with a feeding amount of 3g/m3Feeding three times every day; adding crushed living Ruditapes philippinarum, Mactra veneriformis or large-particle prawn slices every two days. Alternate directions every dayIncubation pool pour 20 × 10-6Photosynthetic bacteria and 0.5 × 10-6~2×10-6Penicillin and other antibiotics.
The seawater in the culture pond is replaced twice a day, and the water is replaced by more than 1/3 each time; changing the pool once every three days according to the water quality condition; opening the four buckles 8 of the fixing frame 4 every 2 days, taking down the screen 7 to clean or replace a new screen, and gradually replacing the screen 7 with larger meshes of 80-20 meshes along with the growth of young shellfishes; the inner connection 4-6 is unscrewed, and the screen 4-5 is replaced. At least one time of daily inspection of feeding, growth and movement of metamorphosis larva or young snail, the problem should be analyzed and solved immediately.
And (3) cultivating results: at the time of 18 days in the cultivation period, about 9600 young snails with the shell height of about 3mm are cultivated by each set of device on average, 7.68 thousands of young snails of the wart litchi snails are obtained, the metamorphosis rate reaches more than 30%, and the survival rate of the young snails is more than 60%.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivating device for metamorphosis larva and young snail of lychee snail is characterized in that the device comprises a cultivating groove (1), the upper end of the cultivating groove (1) is opened, the bottom end of the cultivating groove is provided with a screen (7), the upper part of the cultivating groove (1) is provided with a jack (3), and an air-lift pump (4) is inserted through the jack (3); the air stripping pump (4) comprises a horizontal pipe (4-2) and a vertical liquid lifting pipe (4-3) which are connected, the horizontal pipe (4-2) is inserted into the insertion hole (3), an air stone (4-4) is arranged at the bottom in the liquid lifting pipe (4-3), one end of the air stone (4-4) is connected with an air inflation hose (4-1), the air inflation hose (4-1) is arranged in the air stripping pump (4), one end of the air stone (4-4) is connected with one end of the air stone, and the other end of the air stone extends out of the pipe through the horizontal pipe (4-2) and is used for air inflation; the cultivation device is arranged in a cultivation pool, the density of seawater in the liquid lifting pipe (4-3) is lower than that of seawater outside the pipe due to bubbles generated by the aeration of the air stone (4-4), the density difference of the seawater inside and outside the liquid lifting pipe (4-3) enables the seawater to be lifted in the liquid lifting pipe (4-3) and enter the cultivation tank (1) along the horizontal pipe (4-2), and the end opening part of the horizontal pipe (4-2) is higher than the water surface, so that the seawater in the cultivation tank forms 'down flow' from top to bottom.
2. The cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the cultivating tank (1) is provided with a float (6) for keeping the cultivating tank (1) floating and balanced in the water pool with the rise and fall of the water surface, preventing the cultivating tank (1) from being inclined; the inner corners of the cultivating grooves (1) are round corners.
3. The cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lift pipe (4-3) is terminated with an elbow structure to prevent the air stone (4-4) from escaping; the gas stripping pump (4) is a Z-shaped pipe; the tail end of the liquid lifting pipe (4-3) is provided with a screen (4-5), the mesh of the screen is 120-150 meshes, and the screen is used for preventing dirt such as large-particle impurities in the pool water from entering the device; the mesh of the screen (7) is 80-20 meshes.
4. The method for cultivating the larvae and young snails of the metamorphosis lychee based on the cultivating device of claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the larvas of the metamorphosis of the hemifusus litchis into the cultivating device, placing the cultivating device into a cultivating pool, and starting the cultivating device;
(2) feeding plant algae bait mainly in the cultivation of the metamorphosis larva, and adding animal bait;
(3) after the metamorphosis larva is successfully metamorphosed into young snails, continuously feeding algae and animal baits at the early stage of the young snails; with the growth and development of young snails, the feeding amount of algae baits is gradually reduced, the feeding amount of animal baits is gradually increased, then the animal baits are completely fed, and the feeding of the algae baits is stopped;
(4) after 16-25 days of cultivation, the cultivation is completed when the young snails grow to 3 mm.
5. The incubation method of claim 4, further comprising, prior to step (1), incubation well pre-treatment: and (4) disinfecting the cultivation pool, and filtering the seawater by using sand, wherein the pH value of the seawater is 7.9-8.1.
6. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the density of the breeding of the metamorphic larvae in the step (1) is 1-1.5 larvae/ml, and gradually becomes sparse as the metamorphosis is completed and the juvenile mollusks grow; the temperature of the water for cultivation is the natural seawater temperature.
7. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the morphic larvae in the step (2) are mixed and fed with golden algae, flat algae and chlorella, and further fed with spirulina, shrimp meat or oyster meat squeezed juice, wherein the golden algae feeding density is 10000 pieces/ml, the flat algae and chlorella are 1000 pieces/ml, respectively, and the shrimp meat, oyster meat and spirulina are fed in amounts of 2.5g/m, respectively3(ii) a The shrimp slices, the oyster meat and the spirulina are all the products screened by a sieve with 300-200 meshes; feeding three times per day.
8. The rearing method according to claim 4, wherein, after the larvae to be metamorphosed are successfully metamorphosed into young snails in the step (3), 12000 chrysophytes (alga aureobasidium sp.) per ml, 1200 chrysophytes (alga perlla) and chlorella (chlorella vulgaris) per ml, and 3g/m3 (shrimp flakes, oyster meat and spirulina) per ml are continuously fed at the early stage of the young snails; the shrimp slices, the oyster meat and the spirulina are all 150-mesh undersize and are fed three times per day; with the growth and development of young snails, the feeding amount of the monadian is gradually reduced, the feeding amount of the shrimp slices, oyster meat and spirulina is gradually increased, then animal baits are completely fed, and the feeding of the monadian is stopped; when the young snails grow to 2-3 mm, the juice squeezed by the shrimp slices, oyster meat and spirulina is changed into 80-100 mesh undersize, and the shrimp slices, oyster meat and spirulina are gradually mixed and fed with living ruditapes philippinarum, mactra quadrangularis or large-particle shrimp slices.
9. The rearing method according to claim 4, wherein in the steps (2) and (3), antibiotics are added to the rearing pond for preventing the allergic larvae from being infected with pathogens; adding photosynthetic bacteria or EM bacteria and other beneficial bacteria into the culture pond.
10. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mesh of the cultivation apparatus is taken down to be washed or a new mesh is replaced every 2 days throughout the cultivation period; gradually replacing the screen with larger meshes along with the growth of the young shellfish; the litchis individual was examined at least once daily for ingestion, growth and exercise.
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