CN111272016B - 防弹复合装甲及其制备方法 - Google Patents

防弹复合装甲及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111272016B
CN111272016B CN202010088649.9A CN202010088649A CN111272016B CN 111272016 B CN111272016 B CN 111272016B CN 202010088649 A CN202010088649 A CN 202010088649A CN 111272016 B CN111272016 B CN 111272016B
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陈玉华
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Suzhou First Element Nano Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

一种防弹复合装甲及其制备方法，属于陶瓷与金属基复合材料制备技术领域。该防弹复合装甲的制备方法包括以下步骤：步骤1，将B4C粉体与纳米碳纤维混合均匀，再放入正六边形模具中，通过等离子放电烧结，快速烧结成正六边形陶瓷片；步骤2，将正六边形陶瓷片拼接成陶瓷母材，拼接缝隙处填充微米级铜箔，再经真空热压烧结成陶瓷甲板；步骤3，将陶瓷甲板与防弹背板热等静压复合，得到防弹复合装甲。本发明中将铜基材粘合而成的高韧性复合陶瓷与防弹背板复合，制成防弹复合装甲，大幅提高了复合装甲抵御穿甲弹、穿甲***多次打击的能力。

Description

防弹复合装甲及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种有机化学领域的技术，具体是一种防弹复合装甲及其制备方法。
背景技术
碳化硼优异的性能，使其在各行各业中的应用越来越多。例如在申请号为CN200910180582.5的中国发明专利申请中公开了一种复合陶瓷，通过将碳化硼与碳纤维复合，提高了碳化硼陶瓷的硬度；虽然通过与其他材料复合提升了碳化硼陶瓷的硬度，但仍难以实现防弹的效果。
申请号为200510086629.3的中国发明专利申请公开了一种钢蜂窝陶瓷夹心复合防弹装甲的制备方法，该方法采用防弹钢板制备蜂窝，填充陶瓷芯片，胶合钎焊形成复合防弹装甲。该复合防弹装甲使用CrMo合金框架，防弹板过重，无法满足轻量化防护甲板的面密度限制。
为了解决现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明由此而来。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提出了一种防弹复合装甲及其制备方法，将铜基材粘合而成的高韧性复合陶瓷与防弹背板复合，制成防弹复合装甲，大幅提高了复合装甲抵御穿甲弹、穿甲***多次打击的能力。
本发明涉及一种防弹复合装甲的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，按重量份数将100份B4C粉体、5～15份纳米碳纤维混合均匀，再放入横截面为正六边形的成型模具中；采用等离子放电烧结法，快速热压烧结得到正六边形陶瓷片；
步骤2，将步骤1制得的正六边形陶瓷片拼接成陶瓷母材，拼接缝隙处填充厚度1-20μm、纯度>99％的铜箔，或厚度1-20μm的铜镍合金(75wt％/25wt％)箔，母材经真空热压烧结成陶瓷甲板；
步骤3，将步骤2制得的陶瓷甲板与防弹背板热等静压复合，得到防弹陶瓷复合装甲。
优选地，所述正六边形陶瓷片的厚度为5～30mm，高度为50～100mm；底面为平面，上表面为平面或弧面。
优选地，等离子放电烧结条件为：升温速度100～600℃/分钟，压力50～80Mpa，1600～2000℃保温10～30分钟。
优选地，真空热压烧结条件为：温度800～950℃，压力50～100Mpa，保温时间30～60分钟。
优选地，防弹背板采用超高分子量聚乙烯、芳纶、防弹铝合金、钛合金、钨合金、钢中至少一种材质制成。
优选地，热等静压条件为：粘合剂采用热固性树脂，热复合温度120～280℃，压力3～5MPa，保温时间30～60分钟。
技术效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下技术效果：
1)使用放电等离子烧结碳化硼陶瓷片，能够快速烧结出品质稳定的碳化硼陶瓷片；
2)正六边形陶瓷片基材粘合成防弹陶瓷甲板，各弹点裂纹扩散小，提高防弹陶瓷甲板抵御多次弹击的能力；
3)再通过陶瓷-金属的高温烧结、实现任意尺寸外形的防弹陶瓷甲板的制作；
4)陶瓷甲板与防弹背板组合运用，降低了复合装甲的重量，防护装甲可以满足高强度防护装甲轻量化的要求。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中陶瓷甲板示意图；
图2为实施例1制得的防弹复合装甲示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，按照常规方法和条件进行。
实施例1
本实施例涉及一种防弹复合装甲的制备方法，包括：
步骤1，按单块陶瓷片需要44g的B4C粉体(赛福纳米科技)和4.4g的纳米碳纤维(苏州第一元素CNTcr)，将两种原料混合均匀后，放入高50mm、厚度10.6mm的正六边形模具内，经连续自动等离子放电烧结，采用的设备为德国Dr.FRITSCH DSP500，升温速度200℃/min、50Mpa、1800℃保温10分钟，制得足够数量的正六边形碳化硼陶瓷片，所得正六边形碳化硼陶瓷片高50mm、厚度8mm；
步骤2，将上述碳化硼陶瓷片与厚度15μm、纯度>99％的铜箔按照图1方式拼接成母材，接着放置于与拼接母材外形尺寸一致的热压模具中；在50MPa压力下，加热至900℃，保温保压20min，热压烧结成密度2.50g/cm3的整体陶瓷甲板；
步骤3，通过环氧树脂将上述陶瓷甲板和面密度16kg/m2的超高分子量聚乙烯背板粘结，在145℃、压力5MPa的条件下保温45min热等静压复合得到防弹复合装甲，该防弹复合装甲结构如图2所示。
经测试，陶瓷维氏硬度大于35GPa，弯曲强度大于700MPa，断裂韧性大于7.5MPa·m1/2，密度2.50g/cm3，相对密度(致密度)大于99.5％TD；陶瓷复合装甲面密度小于36kg/m2，经6发12.7mm穿甲弹枪击(弹速870m/s)，无穿孔，超高分子量聚乙烯背板最大变形量BFS(凹陷)小于35mm，满足要求。
需要强调的是：以上仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种防弹复合装甲的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，按重量份数将100份B4C粉体、5～15份纳米碳纤维混合均匀，再放入横截面为正六边形的成型模具中；采用等离子放电烧结法，快速热压烧结得到正六边形陶瓷片；
步骤2，将步骤1制得的正六边形陶瓷片拼接成陶瓷母材，拼接缝隙处填充厚度1-20μm、纯度>99％的铜箔，或厚度1-20μm的铜镍合金箔，其中铜镍合金箔中铜/镍对应的质量百分比为75wt％/25wt％，母材经真空热压烧结成陶瓷甲板，所述陶瓷甲板为B4C-Cu-B4C烧结而成的整体陶瓷结构，铜渗入碳化硼陶瓷颗粒间隙起到金属-陶瓷烧结的效果；
步骤3，将步骤2制得的陶瓷甲板与防弹背板热等静压复合，得到防弹陶瓷复合装甲。
2.根据权利要求1所述防弹复合装甲的制备方法，其特征是，所述正六边形陶瓷片的厚度为5～30mm，高度为50～100mm；底面为平面，上表面为平面或弧面。
3.根据权利要求1所述防弹复合装甲的制备方法，其特征是，所述等离子放电烧结条件为：升温速度100～600℃/分钟，压力50～80Mpa，1600～2000℃保温10～30分钟。
4.根据权利要求1所述防弹复合装甲的制备方法，其特征是，所述真空热压烧结条件为：温度800～950℃，压力50～100Mpa，保温时间30～60分钟。
5.根据权利要求1所述防弹复合装甲的制备方法，其特征是，所述防弹背板采用超高分子量聚乙烯、芳纶、防弹铝合金、钛合金、钨合金、钢中至少一种材质制成。
6.根据权利要求1所述防弹复合装甲的制备方法，其特征是，所述热等静压条件为：粘合剂采用热固性树脂，热复合温度120～280℃，压力3～5MPa，保温时间30～60分钟。
7.一种防弹复合装甲，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-6任一项所述方法制成。
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