CN111257925A

CN111257925A - Earthquake early warning system

Info

Publication number: CN111257925A
Application number: CN202010066467.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-01-20
Filing date: 2020-01-20
Publication date: 2020-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-20
Also published as: CN111257925B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of earthquake early warning, in particular to an earthquake early warning system; the earthquake early warning device comprises a pit dug from the ground to the underground, the lower ends of a plurality of bearing columns are inserted into the bottom of the pit, an inner pipe, a middle pipe and an outer pipe are arranged in the pit, two water flow channel connectors are arranged on the pipe wall of the outer pipe at intervals along the pipe wall in more than four directions distributed along the circumferential direction, two water flow channels respectively communicated with the water flow channel connectors and the inner cavity of the inner pipe are arranged among the outer pipe, the middle pipe and the inner pipe, a hydrophone is arranged between two valves in each water flow channel, a hydrophone is arranged at the intersection of the water flow channels in the inner pipe, and monitoring equipment for early warning an earthquake according to signals sent by the hydrophone is arranged in a monitoring chamber; the invention can make early warning on the earthquake magnitude and the earthquake place in advance to reduce casualties and property loss.

Description

Earthquake early warning system

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the technical field of earthquake early warning, and particularly relates to an earthquake early warning system.

Background art:

the earthquake is a phenomenon that the earth is in continuous motion and change, huge energy is gradually accumulated, a rock ring in a fragile area at a place of the earth crust is suddenly broken under the action of the inner part or the original fault is caused to move, and the internal energy of the earth is strongly released in the form of earthquake waves, so that the ground vibration in a certain range is caused.

At present and for a considerable time in the future, the arrival of an earthquake cannot be predicted. The existing earthquake early warning is to early warn the place where the earthquake wave does not arrive in advance by utilizing the characteristic that the propagation speed of the earthquake wave is less than the propagation speed of the electric wave after the earthquake occurs. Typically, the propagation velocity of seismic waves is several kilometers per second, while the velocity of radio waves is 30 kilometers per second. Therefore, if the seismic information obtained by the real-time monitoring station network can be used, and the result of quickly evaluating the possible damage range and degree of the earthquake can be obtained, early warning can be given by using the short time before the destructive seismic waves arrive.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide an earthquake early warning system which can make early warning on the earthquake magnitude and the earthquake place to reduce casualties and property loss.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

an earthquake early warning system comprises a plurality of earthquake monitoring network points, each earthquake monitoring network point is provided with an earthquake early warning device, the earthquake early warning device comprises a pit dug from the ground to the underground, the lower ends of a plurality of bearing columns are inserted into the bottom of the pit, the bearing columns are arranged along the inner side wall of the pit, an inner pipe, a middle pipe and an outer pipe which are sequentially sleeved are arranged in the pit, an independent first annular cavity is formed between the inner pipe and the middle pipe, an independent second annular cavity is formed between the middle pipe and the outer pipe, no water flows pass through the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity, the bearing columns are positioned at the outer side of the outer pipe, two water flow channel are arranged at intervals along the pipe wall at more than four connecting ports which are circumferentially distributed on the pipe wall of the outer pipe, two water flow channels which are respectively communicated with the water flow channel connecting ports and the inner cavity of the inner pipe are arranged between the, the earthquake early warning device comprises an upper water flow channel and a lower water flow channel, wherein valves are arranged at two ends of each water flow channel respectively, a hydrophone is arranged between the two valves in each water flow channel, the hydrophone is arranged at the intersection of each upper water flow channel and each lower water flow channel in an inner pipe respectively, sealing covers are arranged at the tops of a first annular cavity, a second annular cavity and an inner pipe respectively, monitoring chambers are arranged on the ground above the inner pipe, the middle pipe and the outer pipe, and monitoring equipment for early warning an earthquake according to signals sent by the hydrophones is arranged in the monitoring chambers.

In the earthquake early warning system, the earthquake monitoring network points are positioned by adopting the longitudes and the latitudes, and are numbered, and the data of all the earthquake monitoring network points are transmitted to a total detection point.

In the earthquake early warning system, the water flow channel connecting port is provided with the filter screen.

In the earthquake early warning system, a partition plate is arranged in the inner pipe in the up-down direction, the inner cavity of the inner pipe is divided into an upper cabin and a lower cabin by the partition plate, a through hole for communicating the upper cabin with the lower cabin is formed in the partition plate, the upper water flow channel is communicated with the upper cabin, and the lower water flow channel is communicated with the lower cabin.

In the earthquake early warning system, the upper water flow channel is obliquely arranged, one end of the upper water flow channel, which is connected to the inner pipe, is higher than one end of the upper water flow channel, which is connected to the underground water inlet, and the lower water flow channel is horizontally arranged.

In the earthquake early warning system, the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner pipe is provided with a cavity which is dug downwards and can be communicated with underground water, the open end of the cavity is provided with a sealing cover, and a hydrophone is arranged in the cavity.

In the earthquake early warning system, the earthquake early warning system further comprises a hydrophone detection device, the hydrophone detection device comprises a water pump, the water pump is respectively connected with the water flow channels through test pipes, and a water inlet of the water pump is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner pipe to test whether the hydrophone in each water flow channel is normal or not.

In the earthquake early warning system, the test tube is provided with the sound injection port, and the sound is measured by the decibel meter to test whether the hydrophones in the water flow channels are normal or not.

In the earthquake early warning system, an observation room is arranged between the upper ends of the inner pipe, the middle pipe and the outer pipe and the ground.

In foretell earthquake early warning system, insert the sound survey pipe respectively between the ground water level top of inner tube inner chamber and sealed lid, in last cabin, the lower cabin, the upper end of sound survey pipe is located observes indoorly, listens the sound of measuring each cavity of sound test through decibel appearance or ear.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding advantages that:

1. by detecting the sound waves of the underground water level, the invention adopts the mode of dividing the underground water level into more than four directions, hydrophones are arranged in an upper water flow channel and a lower water flow channel, and the hydrophones are arranged at the bottom for detecting seismic waves, thereby improving the seismic prediction precision and the direction precision, and early warning can be performed on the earthquake occurrence magnitude and the earthquake place in advance to reduce casualties and property loss;

2. according to the invention, each monitoring network point is networked, so that the earthquake range, the diffusion degree and the influence strength can be clearly warned;

3. the hydrophone detecting device provided by the invention can detect whether the hydrophone is normal or not in time, and is convenient to maintain and repair.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a seismic warning device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic, diagrammatic top view of the seismic warning device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a seismic acquisition network of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a ground surface; 2. a load-bearing column; 3. an inner tube; 4. an intermediate pipe; 5. an outer tube; 6. a first annular chamber; 7. a second annular chamber; 8. the ground water level; 9. a water flow channel connecting port; 10. an upper water flow channel; 11. a lower water flow passage; 12. a valve; 13. a hydrophone; 14. a sealing cover; 15. a monitoring room; 16. a chamber; 17. a filter screen; 18. a partition plate; 19. an upper compartment; 20. a lower cabin; 21. a through hole; 22. an observation room; 23. a water pump; 24. a test tube; 25. a sound measurement tube; 26. a separator plate; 27. a water level measuring tube.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention will now be further described by way of specific examples, with reference to figures 1 to 3:

an earthquake early warning system comprises a plurality of earthquake monitoring network points, and an earthquake early warning device is arranged at each earthquake monitoring network point. The earthquake early warning device is arranged below the ground surface, and the influence of ground sound waves is blocked. The earthquake early warning device comprises a pit dug from the ground 1 to the underground, the bottom surface of the pit is set to be in a waterproof state, if concrete is arranged on the bottom surface of the pit, a waterproof layer is coated, and the like. The lower extreme of a plurality of heel posts 2 inserts the bottom of pit, and heel post 2 sets up along the inside wall of pit, is provided with inner tube 3, intermediate tube 4 and the outer tube 5 of suit in proper order in the pit, forms independent first annular chamber 6 between inner tube 3 and the intermediate tube 4, forms independent second annular chamber 7 between intermediate tube 4 and the outer tube 5, wherein does not lead to water in first annular chamber 6, the second annular chamber 7, the staff of being convenient for gets into and overhauls the work. The distance between the ground water level 8 and the ground 1 is above 3 meters. The bearing column 2 is positioned outside the outer pipe 5, two water flow channel connectors 9 are arranged on the pipe wall of the outer pipe 5 at intervals up and down along the pipe wall in more than four directions distributed along the circumferential direction, and two water flow channels which are respectively communicated with the water flow channel connectors 9 and the inner cavity of the inner pipe 3, namely an upper water flow channel 10 and a lower water flow channel 11, are arranged among the outer pipe 5, the middle pipe 4 and the inner pipe 3. Two ends of each water flow channel (the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11) are respectively provided with a valve 12, and the valve 12 is arranged for convenient maintenance and can also control the on-off of a water path. A hydrophone 13 is arranged between two valves in each water flow channel (the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11), the hydrophone 13 is arranged at the intersection of each upper water flow channel and each lower water flow channel in the inner pipe, the sealing covers 14 are arranged at the tops of the first annular chamber 6, the second annular chamber 7 and the inner pipe 3 respectively, a monitoring room 15 is arranged on the ground above the inner pipe 3, the middle pipe 4 and the outer pipe 5, and monitoring equipment for early warning an earthquake according to signals sent by the hydrophone 13 is arranged in the monitoring room 15. The hydrophones 13 are arranged in the water flow channels (the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11) and can monitor the fluctuation of underground water flow, the generated sound and determine the direction of seismic waves. The present invention requires that the surface of the portion where the hydrophone 13 is located be smooth and that stainless steel be used.

The invention is characterized in that the outer side of the outer pipe 5 and the inner pipe 3 are respectively provided with a water pumping pipeline, the suction inlet of the water pumping pipeline extends out of the outer side of the outer pipe 5 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner pipe 3, the water pumping pipeline is connected with water pumps, and the suction amount requirement of each group of water pumps is greater than the flow rate of the gathered underground water.

Furthermore, a cavity 16 is dug below the inner bottom of the inner tube 3, the open end of the cavity is sealed by a sealing cover, so that underground water cannot enter the inner cavity of the inner tube 3 from the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner tube 3, a hydrophone 13 is arranged in the cavity 16, and the underground water can enter the cavity 16. The acoustic waves at the bottom can be monitored by the hydrophone 13.

The invention adopts the technical scheme that the hydrophone 13 is arranged in the upper water flow channel and the lower water flow channel (the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11) which are divided into more than four directions in each direction, and the hydrophone 13 is arranged at the bottom of each direction, so that seismic waves are detected, and the seismic measurement intensity and the direction accuracy are improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the circles in the figure show the seismic monitoring device, the horizontal lines represent the weft, and the vertical lines represent the warp. The earthquake monitoring network points are positioned by adopting the longitudes and the latitudes, and are numbered, and the data of all the earthquake monitoring network points are transmitted to a general monitoring point. The monitoring points can monitor in real time, and clearly warn the range, the diffusion degree and the influence strength of the earthquake. The data transmission mode of the earthquake detection network point can adopt the data transmission mode of violation monitoring of the traffic department.

According to the invention, the water flow channel connecting port 9 is provided with the filter screen 17, so that underground water can be filtered, and the influence on the service life of the hydrophone 13 is reduced.

In order to accurately determine the sound wave coming from which direction, a partition plate 18 is arranged in the inner tube 3 along the up-down direction, the partition plate 18 divides the inner cavity of the inner tube 3 into an upper chamber 19 and a lower chamber 20, a through hole 21 for communicating the upper chamber 19 with the lower chamber 20 is arranged on the partition plate 18, the upper water flow channel 10 is communicated with the upper chamber 19, and the lower water flow channel 11 is communicated with the lower chamber 20. The groundwater flows into the inner cavity of the inner pipe 3 through the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11.

As shown in fig. 1, the upper water flow channel 11 is obliquely arranged, and one end of the upper water flow channel 11 connected to the inner pipe 3 is higher than one end connected to the water flow channel connection port 9. The lower water flow passage 10 is horizontally disposed. Thus, multi-directional monitoring can be realized.

The invention also comprises a hydrophone detecting device which comprises a water pump 23, wherein the water pump 23 is respectively connected with each water flow channel (comprising each upper water flow channel 10 and each lower water flow channel 11) through a testing pipe 24, and a water inlet of the water pump 23 is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner pipe 3 and is used for testing whether the hydrophone 13 in each water flow channel (the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11) is normal or not. During testing, the water pump 23 pumps water in the inner tube 3 into the water flow channels (the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11) to test the state of the hydrophone 13, and the water circulates into the inner tube 3 through the water flow channels (the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11).

The invention can also be tested by means of sound injection. The test tube 24 is provided with a sound injection port, and the hydrophones 13 in the upper water flow channel 10 and the lower water flow channel 11 are tested to be normal or not by injecting sound into the test tube 24 and combining a decibel meter.

An observation chamber 22 is arranged between the sealing cover 14 of the inner pipe 3 and the ground 1. A sound measuring tube 25 is respectively inserted between the upper part of the underground water level of the inner cavity of the inner tube 3 and the sealing cover 14, the upper chamber 19 and the lower chamber 20, the upper end of the sound measuring tube 25 is positioned in the observation chamber 22, and the sound of each chamber is tested by measuring the sound through a decibel meter or an ear hearing.

Because the monitoring room 15 and the observation room 22 are relatively sealed, the invention arranges ventilation equipment and a lifesaving channel in the monitoring room and the observation room.

The four or more directions are four directions or eight directions, the four directions are arranged according to the south, the east and the west, and the eight directions are arranged according to the east, the south, the west, the north and the east (as shown in fig. 2, an x in the figure represents a test tube 24). The number of the bearing columns 2 corresponds to the number and the positions of the bearing columns, and each bearing column 2 is connected with the outer wall of the inner pipe 3 through a partition plate 26.

In order to monitor the condition of the underground water level 8 in time, a water level measuring pipe 27 is inserted into the cavity of the inner pipe 3.

The earthquake early warning device of the invention has the following construction requirements:

a. the water level difference is large in areas far away from densely populated areas and rivers and river channels;

b. the surrounding ground is higher than the underground water level by more than 3 meters;

c. the underground water level is relatively constant;

d. measuring the smoothness of the surface of the pipe wall where the device is arranged;

e. the sound insulation capability is not influenced by the upper environment;

f. valves are arranged on the test tubes and the water level measuring tube to make the pipeline in a sealed state;

h. and a filter screen is arranged on the outer side of the water flow channel to keep the channel clean.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the shape, structure and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An earthquake early warning system, its characterized in that: comprises a plurality of earthquake monitoring network points, each earthquake monitoring network point is provided with an earthquake early warning device, the earthquake early warning device comprises a pit dug from the ground (1) to the underground, the lower ends of a plurality of bearing columns (2) are inserted into the bottom of the pit, the bearing columns (2) are arranged along the inner side wall of the pit, an inner pipe (3), a middle pipe (4) and an outer pipe (5) which are sequentially sleeved are arranged in the pit, an independent first annular chamber (6) is formed between the inner pipe (3) and the middle pipe (4), an independent second annular chamber (7) is formed between the middle pipe (4) and the outer pipe (5), the first annular chamber (6) and the second annular chamber (7) are not communicated with water, the bearing columns (2) are positioned at the outer side of the outer pipe (5), and two water flow channel connecting ports (9) are arranged on the pipe wall of the outer pipe (5) at intervals along the pipe wall in more than four directions which are distributed along the, two water flow channels which are respectively communicated with the water flow channel connecting port (9) and the inner cavity of the inner pipe (3) are arranged among the outer pipe (5), the middle pipe (4) and the inner pipe (3) and are respectively an upper water flow channel (10) and a lower water flow channel (11), two ends of each water flow channel are respectively provided with a valve (12), a hydrophone (13) is arranged between the two valves (12) in each water flow channel, and hydrophones (13) are respectively arranged at the intersection of each upper water flow channel (10) and each lower water flow channel in the inner pipe (3), sealing covers (14) are respectively arranged at the tops of the first annular chamber (6), the second annular chamber (7) and the inner pipe (3), a monitoring room (15) is arranged on the ground (1) above the inner pipe (3), the middle pipe (4) and the outer pipe (5), and monitoring equipment for early warning an earthquake according to signals sent by the hydrophone (13) is arranged in the monitoring room (15).

2. The seismic warning system of claim 1, wherein: the earthquake monitoring network points are positioned by adopting the longitudes and the latitudes, the numbers of the earthquake monitoring network points are numbered, and the data of all the earthquake monitoring network points are transmitted to a total detection point.

3. A seismic warning system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: a filter screen (17) is arranged at the water flow channel connecting port (9).

4. The seismic warning system of claim 1, wherein: a partition plate (18) is arranged in the inner pipe (3) along the up-down direction, the inner cavity of the inner pipe (3) is divided into an upper cabin (19) and a lower cabin (20) by the partition plate (18), a through hole (21) for communicating the upper cabin (19) with the lower cabin (20) is formed in the partition plate (18), the upper water flow channel (10) is communicated with the upper cabin (19), and the lower water flow channel (11) is communicated with the lower cabin (20).

5. A seismic warning system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the upper water flow channel is obliquely arranged, one end of the upper water flow channel, which is connected to the inner pipe (3), is higher than one end of the upper water flow channel, which is connected to the underground water inlet, and the lower water flow channel is horizontally arranged.

6. The seismic warning system of claim 1, wherein: a cavity (16) is dug downwards at the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner pipe (3), the cavity (16) can be communicated with underground water, a sealing cover (14) is arranged at the opening end of the cavity (16), and a hydrophone (13) is arranged in the cavity (16).

7. The seismic warning system of claim 1, wherein: the hydrophone testing device comprises a water pump (23), the water pump (23) is connected with each water flow channel through a testing pipe (24), and a water inlet of the water pump (23) is communicated with an inner cavity of the inner pipe (3) to test whether the hydrophone (13) in each water flow channel is normal or not.

8. The seismic warning system of claim 7, wherein: and a sound injection port is arranged on the test tube (24), and the sound is measured by a decibel meter to test whether the hydrophones (13) in the water flow channels are normal or not.

9. The seismic warning system of claim 1, wherein: an observation room (22) is arranged between the upper ends of the inner pipe (3), the middle pipe (4) and the outer pipe (5) and the ground (1).

10. The seismic warning system of claim 1, wherein: the measuring tube (25) is respectively inserted between the underground water level (8) of the inner cavity of the inner tube (3) and the sealing cover (14), the upper cabin (19) and the lower cabin (20), the upper end of the measuring tube (25) is positioned in the observation room (22), and the sound of each cavity is tested by measuring the sound through a decibel meter or an ear hearing.