CN104181042A - Three-axis model tester for testing pressure reduction, percolation, layering and consolidation deformation of soil layer - Google Patents
Three-axis model tester for testing pressure reduction, percolation, layering and consolidation deformation of soil layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104181042A CN104181042A CN201410438670.1A CN201410438670A CN104181042A CN 104181042 A CN104181042 A CN 104181042A CN 201410438670 A CN201410438670 A CN 201410438670A CN 104181042 A CN104181042 A CN 104181042A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-axis model tester for testing pressure reduction, percolation, layering and consolidation deformation of a soil layer. The three-axis model tester comprises a three-axis instrument confining pressure chamber, a confining pressure control device, a data acquisition device and a percolation control device, wherein samples are distributed on a base of the three-axis instrument confining pressure chamber; the confining pressure control device is used for pressurizing the samples in the three-axis instrument confining pressure chamber; the data acquisition device is used for acquiring deformation data of the samples in the three-axis instrument confining pressure chamber; the percolation control device is used for draining the samples and lowering pressure of the samples in the three-axis instrument confining pressure chamber. By virtue of the three-axis model tester, people can relatively conveniently research the layering and deformation of soil under a water pumping condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental facilities, be specifically related to a kind of three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation.
Background technology
At present, along with the emerging in large numbers of high-rise and high-rise building, base pit engineering is also just toward dark, and broad aspect develops.In order to ensure the stable of foundation ditch, precipitation is to be substantially the most also topmost action, particularly underground water embedding more shallow in, base pit dewatering must carry out especially.But Pore Water Pressure Drop after drawing water, the stress that causes the soil body to be born, both the effective stress of soil increased, and the void ratio in soil reduces, and makes soil solidifying densification, causes different soil distortion, finally causes the sedimentation on ground or moves horizontally.The annual direct economic loss causing because of land subsidence is on the Chinese side more than hundred million yuan, and it is necessary therefore studying the distortion of soil layer under water pumping conditions.
In the method that solves problem aspect this, mainly contain modelling, monitoring method and laboratory experiment method at present.The mathematical model of land subsidence generally includes the model of seepage field of describing current, the stress field model of the soil body and both three aspects: contents that is coupled are described, if but want simulated field situation more realistically, setting up the complete coupling model of true three-dimensional is very important, but this model parameter is many, need very large workload, and need shop experiment to carry out necessary checking to it just can to use.Monitoring rule is utilize instrument or set up unified GPS monitoring net land subsidence is monitored, and this method shortcoming is to spend a large amount of manpowers and cost.Shop experiment is a kind of method that comparison can accurately be reflected in again soil layer deformation under water pumping conditions intuitively.But the Experimental Method in Laboratory existing at present cannot record under a certain controllable stress level, the layering deformation of the soil body while drawing water.
To prior art literature search, not yet find the test apparatus equipment of the research soil body at water pumping conditions lower leaf deformation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: for the problems referred to above, propose a kind of three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation, to allow people can study more easily the soil body at water pumping conditions lower leaf deformation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: three shaft model test instruments of described soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation, comprising:
On its base, be furnished with the triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber of sample;
Sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber is carried out to the confined pressure control device of pressurized treatments;
Gather the data collector of the deformation data of the sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber;
And the sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber is made to the seepage flow control device of drainage and step-down processing.
The present invention, on the basis of technique scheme, further comprises following optimal technical scheme:
Described sample is by the first permeable stone layer of arranging successively from bottom to top, soil sample layer, the second permeable stone layer and upper drain cap, and the latex film being coated on outside described the first permeable stone layer, soil sample layer, the second permeable stone layer and upper drain cap forms.
On described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber, be provided with air admission hole, upper osculum and lower osculum, wherein go up osculum and be connected with upper drain cap, lower osculum is positioned on the triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber base of the first permeable stone floor below.
Described confined pressure control device is made up of air compressor, precise pressure regulating valve, three-way pipe and precision pressure gauge, described air compressor is connected with one end of described precise pressure regulating valve by tracheae, the other end of precise pressure regulating valve is connected with a tube head of three-way pipe, and two other tube head of three-way pipe is connected with the air admission hole on triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber with described precision pressure gauge respectively.
Described seepage flow control device is connected with the upper and lower osculum on described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber by conduit, by seepage flow situation in the water pressure Control Assay of upper and lower osculum is set.Seepage flow control device.
Described data collector comprises displacement transducer, radio transmitting box, wireless receiver and computing machine, the end of probe of described displacement transducer is inserted in sample and is moved with sample deform in same pace, described radio transmitting box is arranged in the indoor sample deformation information of surveying to accept displacement transducer of described triaxial apparatus confined pressure, described wireless receiver receives the sample deformation information in radio transmitting box by the mode of wireless transmission, and the communication being received is to computing machine, by the acquisition software on computing machine, this information is shown.
The bottom of described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber is fixed with the fixing rack for sensor that is positioned at sample side, and described displacement transducer is arranged on this fixing rack for sensor.
Between described radio transmitting box and wireless receiver, be not more than 10m.
Advantage of the present invention is: this test instrument of the present invention is to improve and form on common triaxial apparatus basis, principle is simple, easy to operate, and can not only control soil body stress level situation around, can also react intuitively the layering deformation of the soil body under water pumping conditions, can propose reliable basis to each actual items engineering.The present invention, on the basis of common triaxial apparatus device operation logic, can understand soil layer layering deformation under water pumping conditions.Based on the principle of triaxial apparatus, improve three common axle experiment instruments.Test method clear thinking, test apparatus is easy to operate, and data are accurate.By triaxial apparatus confined pressure control device energy proof stress level, obtain key horizon under certain stress state due to the caused variation of drawing water.By the arrangement of multiple sensors, can observe the distortion of the soil body every one deck under water pumping conditions.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be described further:
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows a specific embodiment of three shaft model test instruments of this soil layer step-down of the present invention seepage flow layering consolidation deformation, and this test instrument comprises:
On its base, be furnished with the triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1 of sample;
Sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1 is carried out to the confined pressure control device 3 of pressurized treatments;
Gather the data collector 2 of the deformation data of the sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1;
And the sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1 is made to the seepage flow control device 4 of drainage and step-down processing.
In this example, the concrete structure of described sample is as follows: it is by the first permeable stone layer 6a arranging successively from bottom to top, soil sample layer 7, the second permeable stone layer 6b and upper drain cap 8, and the latex film being coated on outside described the first permeable stone layer, soil sample layer, the second permeable stone layer and upper drain cap forms.And in order to prevent the gas leakage of outwards leaking of this sample, also adopt bungee that latex film sealing is tightened.
On described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1, be provided with air admission hole, upper osculum and lower osculum, wherein going up osculum is connected with upper drain cap 8 by drainpipe, when being connected with upper drain cap 8, this drainpipe need wear out latex film, in order to prevent gas leakage and to leak, the place being connected with latex film at drainpipe, need to carry out encapsulation process to the latex film being the worse for wear, what in the present embodiment, adopt is that dark adhesive tape adds the method for twisting nut.Lower osculum is positioned on the base of the first permeable stone layer 6a below.Described confined pressure control device 3 is made up of air compressor, precise pressure regulating valve 10, three-way pipe 12 and precision pressure gauge 11, wherein: air compressor is connected with one end of precise pressure regulating valve 10 by tracheae, the other end of precise pressure regulating valve 10 is connected with a tube head of three-way pipe 12, and two other tube head of three-way pipe 12 is connected with the air admission hole on triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1 with precision pressure gauge 11 respectively.
In this example, the air pressure of described air compressor adopts 0.6Mpa, can tune up as required air pressure maximal value.The measurement range of precision pressure gauge 11 is 0～1Mpa, and measuring accuracy is 0.005Mpa, needs zeroing before use.
Described seepage flow control device 4 is connected with the upper and lower osculum on triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1 by conduit, and it can carry out seepage flow situation in Control Assay by the water pressure of upper and lower osculum is set.
The concrete structure of described data collector 2 is as follows: it comprises displacement transducer 9, radio transmitting box, wireless receiver and computing machine.Wherein: the end of probe of displacement transducer 9 is inserted in sample and moved with sample deform in same pace, thereby can survey the deformation of sample, displacement transducer 9 need be worn out latex film in inserting sample, therefore leaks in order to prevent, need to carry out encapsulation process in the place of Durchgangshohle.Radio transmitting box is arranged in triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1, to be responsible for accepting the sample deformation information that displacement transducer 9 is surveyed.Wireless receiver receives the sample deformation information in radio transmitting box by the mode of wireless transmission, and the information exchange being received crosses usb data line and be transferred to computing machine, by the acquisition software on computing machine, this information is shown, for reading.
Between described radio transmitting box and wireless receiver apart from too far away, be preferably in 10m.Corresponding acquisition software can be set the time interval of automatic data collection, finally derives with the form of data form, also can direct imaging.Acquisition software can also show the electric weight situation of launch-box simultaneously, to guarantee the accuracy of record.Those of ordinary skill in the art have the ability to design the acquisition software with this function completely.
The bottom of triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1 is fixed with the fixing rack for sensor 5 that is positioned at sample side, and described displacement transducer 9 is mounted on this fixing rack for sensor 5.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1, the existing method of utilizing this three shaft model test instruments of the present embodiment to analyze soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation is simply described below, and mainly comprises following seven steps again:
(1) make sample, make initial sample according to the sequential system that is followed successively by from the bottom to top the first permeable stone layer 6a, soil sample layer 7, the second permeable stone layer 6b and upper drain cap 8 splitting in circle mill, and pack tightly with latex film in initial sample outside, upper and lower opening is tightened with bungee, and obtains sample finished product.Freeing port in upper drain cap 8 is connected with drainpipe one end, in the place connecting, the latex film being the worse for wear is carried out to encapsulation process.
(2) sample is placed on the base of triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1, and carries out centering.The drainpipe other end is connected with the osculum on triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1.Osculum on triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1 is connected with seepage flow control device by conduit simultaneously.Displacement transducer 9 is demarcated, after completing, be arranged on fixing rack for sensor 5, and the end of probe of displacement transducer 9 is inserted in sample, carry out encapsulation process in the place of wearing out latex film.In triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1, put into radio transmitting box.
(3) with tracheae, air compressor is connected with one end of precise pressure regulating valve 10, precise pressure regulating valve 10 other ends are connected with a tube head of tee pipe fitting 12, and tee pipe fitting 12 two other tube heads connect respectively the air admission hole of precision pressure gauge 11 and triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber 1.
(4) precision pressure gauge 11 is returned to zero, after open air pressure valve, be adjusted to the force value of setting by precise pressure regulating valve 10.
(5) open the acquisition software on computing machine, carry out the collection of primary data and instrument is debugged.
(6) by seepage flow control device, sample is carried out to draining, can be by the operation of equipment being realized to the control of drainage rates.
(7) be captured under certain confined pressure the deformation data of every layer of soil body when draining, drafting pattern.
In order to allow researcher can observe the distortion of the soil body every one deck under water pumping conditions, we can arrange multiple displacement transducers 9.
Certainly, above-described embodiment is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, and its object is to allow people can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalent transformation or modification that according to the present invention, the Spirit Essence of main technical schemes does, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation, is characterized in that this test instrument comprises:
On its base, be furnished with the triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1) of sample;
Sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1) is carried out to the confined pressure control device (3) of pressurized treatments;
Gather the data collector (2) of the deformation data of the sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1);
And the sample in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1) is made to the seepage flow control device (4) of drainage and step-down processing.
2. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sample is by the first permeable stone layer (6a) of arranging successively from bottom to top, soil sample layer (7), the second permeable stone layer (6b) and upper drain cap (8), and the latex film being coated on outside described the first permeable stone layer, soil sample layer, the second permeable stone layer and upper drain cap forms.
3. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: on described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1), be provided with air admission hole, upper osculum and lower osculum, wherein go up osculum and be connected with upper drain cap (8), lower osculum is positioned on the triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber base of the first permeable stone floor (6a) below.
4. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described confined pressure control device (3) is by air compressor, precise pressure regulating valve (10), three-way pipe (12) and precision pressure gauge (11) form, described air compressor is connected with one end of described precise pressure regulating valve (10) by tracheae, the other end of precise pressure regulating valve (10) is connected with a tube head of three-way pipe (12), two other tube head of three-way pipe (12) is connected with the air admission hole on triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1) with described precision pressure gauge (11) respectively.
5. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described seepage flow control device (4) is connected with the osculum up and down on described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1) by conduit, by seepage flow situation in the water pressure Control Assay of upper and lower osculum is set.
6. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described data collector (2) comprises displacement transducer (9), radio transmitting box, wireless receiver and computing machine, the end of probe of described displacement transducer (9) is inserted in sample and is moved with sample deform in same pace, described radio transmitting box is arranged in the sample deformation information of surveying to accept displacement transducer (9) in described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1), described wireless receiver receives the sample deformation information in radio transmitting box by the mode of wireless transmission, and the communication being received is to computing machine, by the acquisition software on computing machine, this information is shown.
7. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described triaxial apparatus confined pressure chamber (1) is fixed with the fixing rack for sensor (5) that is positioned at sample side, and described displacement transducer (9) is arranged on this fixing rack for sensor (5).
8. three shaft model test instruments of soil layer step-down seepage flow layering consolidation deformation according to claim 4, is characterized in that: between described radio transmitting box and wireless receiver, be not more than 10m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410438670.1A CN104181042A (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2014-08-29 | Three-axis model tester for testing pressure reduction, percolation, layering and consolidation deformation of soil layer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410438670.1A CN104181042A (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2014-08-29 | Three-axis model tester for testing pressure reduction, percolation, layering and consolidation deformation of soil layer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107389453A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Viscoelastic material confining pressure loading test system and method |
| CN109187270A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-11 | 榆林学院 | Rheology characteristics of soil monitoring device under a kind of high temperature and pressure |
| CN110487988A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-22 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration joint test device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107389453A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Viscoelastic material confining pressure loading test system and method |
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| CN109187270A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-11 | 榆林学院 | Rheology characteristics of soil monitoring device under a kind of high temperature and pressure |
| CN110487988A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-22 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of air pressure-loading type one-dimensional consolidation infiltration joint test device |
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