CN111244619A - Patch array antenna based on air substrate integrated waveguide - Google Patents
Patch array antenna based on air substrate integrated waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN111244619A CN111244619A CN201911285257.5A CN201911285257A CN111244619A CN 111244619 A CN111244619 A CN 111244619A CN 201911285257 A CN201911285257 A CN 201911285257A CN 111244619 A CN111244619 A CN 111244619A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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Abstract
The invention discloses a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide, which comprises a bottom layer, an air substrate integrated waveguide layer and a radiation antenna array, wherein the air substrate integrated waveguide layer comprises a second substrate and metal plates arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second substrate; the second substrate and the metal plate are etched to form a longitudinal air waveguide and an H-shaped waveguide power divider, and metal through holes are formed in the second substrate at equal intervals along the outlines of the air waveguide and the H-shaped waveguide power divider; the radiating antenna array comprises a third-layer substrate, four groups of 2x2 radiating patch sub-arrays arranged on the third-layer substrate and a metal plate arranged on the lower surface of the third-layer substrate. The invention has the advantages of low loss, high radiation efficiency, simple and compact structure, easy processing and convenient system miniaturization and integrated application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide.
Background
The millimeter wave (30GHz-300GHz) has short wavelength and wide frequency band, so that the problems of high-speed broadband wireless access can be effectively solved, and the millimeter wave has wide application prospect in short-distance communication.
The gain of the antenna array is an important index for measuring the performance of the antenna array, and under the conditions that the input impedance matching effect is good and the directivity is fixed, the insertion loss of the antenna structure is reduced as much as possible, and the gain of the antenna array can be improved to a certain extent. The methods for reducing the insertion loss of the antenna are various, and comprise the steps of replacing materials forming the antenna with low-loss materials, shortening the length of a transmission line in an array, simplifying a feed network structure, improving the gain of an array element and the like.
Traditional planar transmission lines such as microstrip lines, coplanar waveguides and the like are of open structures, and high-frequency loss is large; the traditional metal waveguide has good performance and larger volume, and is difficult to integrate with a planar circuit. The substrate integrated waveguide successfully realizes various attributes of the traditional metal waveguide on a dielectric substrate by utilizing an integration process, and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, high precision and small volume, but the dielectric loss of a large-scale antenna is not negligible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide comprises a bottom layer, an air substrate integrated waveguide layer and a radiation antenna array, wherein the bottom layer comprises a first substrate and metal plates arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first substrate; the air substrate integrated waveguide layer comprises a second substrate and metal plates arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second substrate; the second substrate and the metal plate are etched to form a longitudinal air waveguide and an H-shaped waveguide power divider, and metal through holes are formed in the second substrate at equal intervals along the outlines of the air waveguide and the H-shaped waveguide power divider; the radiating antenna array comprises a third-layer substrate, four groups of 2x2 radiating patch sub-arrays arranged on the third-layer substrate and a metal plate arranged on the lower surface of the third-layer substrate; four gaps are etched in the metal plate on the lower surface of the third layer of substrate, and four groups of 2x2 radiation patch sub-arrays correspond to the four gaps one by one.
Preferably, one end of the longitudinal air waveguide is used as a signal input end, and the other end of the longitudinal air waveguide is connected with a main port of the H-shaped waveguide power divider.
Preferably, the H-shaped waveguide power divider is composed of two T-shaped waveguides, the other end of the longitudinal air waveguide is perpendicular to one side of a connecting portion of the two T-shaped waveguides, and concave portions for impedance matching are arranged on the other side of the connecting portion of the two T-shaped waveguides and in the middle of sides where two ports of the T-shaped waveguides are located.
Preferably, the diameter of the metalized via is less than 1/5 of the operating wavelength of the air-substrate integrated waveguide, and the spacing between two metalized vias is less than twice the diameter of the metalized via.
Preferably, the distance between the metalized through hole and the air waveguide and the H-shaped waveguide power divider profile is equal to 4% -8% of the width of the air waveguide.
Preferably, the coupling slot 32 is rectangular, with its long side parallel to the direction of the air waveguide.
Preferably, the distance between each coupling slot and the corresponding air-integrated waveguide short-circuit wall is equal to 1/4 of the waveguide wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point.
Preferably, the 2 × 2 patch subarray 31 includes four rectangular patches and an H-type microstrip power divider, where a central feed line of the H-type microstrip power divider is perpendicular to and overlaps with a corresponding coupling slot.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent radiation patches is equal to 0.7 to 1.2 times of the waveguide wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point.
Preferably, the dielectric material in the first substrate and the second substrate is R4003, and the thickness is 20 mil; the dielectric material of the third substrate is R5880, and the thickness is 20 mil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the invention uses the air substrate integrated waveguide as the feed network, which can reduce the dielectric loss of the antenna in millimeter wave and improve the radiation efficiency;
the impedance bandwidth can be increased by using the slot coupling feed to the radiation patch, and the impedance bandwidth of the array antenna working in the Ka frequency band (26.5-40GHz) is 15%;
the invention uses multilayer Printed Circuit Board (PCB) to make antenna, which has the advantages of low cost and compact structure.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an air-substrate integrated waveguide based patch array antenna.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an air substrate integrated waveguide layer feed network structure of a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radiating antenna array of a patch array antenna based on an air-substrate integrated waveguide.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the reflection coefficient (S11) of the patch array antenna based on the air substrate integrated waveguide.
Fig. 5 is a gain curve diagram of a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide.
Fig. 6 is a pattern diagram of a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, a patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide comprises, from bottom to top, a bottom layer 10, an air substrate integrated waveguide layer 20, a radiating antenna array 30,
the bottom layer 10 includes a first substrate and metal plates disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the first substrate;
the air substrate integrated waveguide layer 20 comprises a second substrate and metal plates arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the second substrate; the second substrate and the metal plate are etched to form a longitudinal air waveguide and an H-shaped waveguide power divider, and metal through holes are arranged on the second substrate at equal intervals along the outlines of the air waveguide and the H-shaped waveguide power divider, so that an air substrate integrated waveguide is formed on the second layer;
one end of the longitudinal air waveguide is used as a signal input end (feed port), and the other end of the longitudinal air waveguide is connected with a main port of the H-shaped waveguide power divider;
in a further embodiment, the H-shaped waveguide power divider is composed of two T-shaped waveguides, the other end of the longitudinal air waveguide is perpendicular to one side of a connecting portion of the two T-shaped waveguides, and concave portions for impedance matching are arranged on the other side of the connecting portion of the two T-shaped waveguides and in the middle of sides where two ports of the T-shaped waveguides are located.
In a further embodiment, the diameter of the metalized through hole is less than 1/5 of the operating wavelength of the air substrate integrated waveguide propagation, and the distance between the two metalized through holes is less than twice the diameter of the metalized through hole;
in a further embodiment, the distance between the metalized through hole and the air waveguide and the H-shaped waveguide power divider profile is equal to 4% -8% of the width of the air waveguide.
In a further embodiment, the radiation antenna array 30 includes a third substrate, four groups of 2 × 2 radiation patch sub-arrays 31 disposed on the third substrate, and a metal plate disposed on a lower surface of the third substrate; four slits 32 are etched in the metal plate on the lower surface of the third substrate, four groups of 2x2 radiation patch sub-arrays 31 are in one-to-one correspondence with the four slits 32, and the four slits 32 on the lower surface of the metal plate are in one-to-one correspondence with the four short-circuit ends of the air substrate integrated waveguide layer 21.
In a further embodiment, the coupling slot 32 is rectangular with its long side parallel to the direction of the longitudinal air waveguide.
In a further embodiment, the distance between each coupling slot and the corresponding air integrated waveguide short-circuit wall is equal to 1/4 of the waveguide wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point;
the 2 × 2 patch subarray 31 includes four rectangular patches and an H-type microstrip power divider, where a central feed line of the H-type microstrip power divider is perpendicular to the corresponding coupling slot, and the centers of the central feed line and the coupling slot are overlapped;
in a further embodiment, a distance between every two adjacent radiation patches of the 16 radiation patches is equal to 0.7 to 1.2 times of a waveguide wavelength corresponding to a central frequency point of the array antenna.
In some embodiments, the dielectric material in the first substrate and the second substrate is R4003 with a thickness of 20 mil; the dielectric material of the third substrate is R5880, and the thickness is 20 mil.
Examples
In this embodiment, the center frequency of the patch array antenna based on the air substrate integrated waveguide is 29GHz, the size of the radiating patch subarray is 3x4mm, and the size of the slot is: 0.5x6 mm; the width of the air waveguide is 5.4mm, the array element interval is 7.8mm, and the gap deviates from the longitudinal center of the waveguide by 0.4 mm.
The invention is subjected to simulation verification. As shown in FIG. 4, the-10 dB bandwidth of the array is 27-31.4GHz, and the relative impedance bandwidth is 15%. As shown in fig. 5, the gain of the array antenna is maintained above 13dB in the operating band 27-31 Ghz. As shown in FIG. 6, the 3dB lobe width in the vertical plane of the array antenna is maintained 260Left and right, the sidelobe remains at-11 dB and the horizontal 3dB lobe width remains at 260Left and right, the sidelobe remains at-12 dB.
The invention uses the air substrate integrated waveguide as a feed network. Electromagnetic waves are transmitted in the air substrate integrated waveguide and are fed to the patch array through slot coupling, and the radiation patch radiates the electromagnetic waves to a free space.
Claims (10)
1. A patch array antenna based on an air substrate integrated waveguide is characterized by comprising a bottom layer, an air substrate integrated waveguide layer and a radiation antenna array, wherein the bottom layer comprises a first substrate and metal plates arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first substrate; the air substrate integrated waveguide layer comprises a second substrate and metal plates arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second substrate; the second substrate and the metal plate are etched to form a longitudinal air waveguide and an H-shaped waveguide power divider, and metal through holes are formed in the second substrate at equal intervals along the outlines of the air waveguide and the H-shaped waveguide power divider; the radiating antenna array comprises a third-layer substrate, four groups of 2x2 radiating patch sub-arrays arranged on the third-layer substrate and a metal plate arranged on the lower surface of the third-layer substrate; four gaps are etched in the metal plate on the lower surface of the third layer of substrate, and four groups of 2x2 radiation patch sub-arrays correspond to the four gaps one by one.
2. The air substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein one end of the longitudinal air waveguide is used as a signal input end, and the other end of the longitudinal air waveguide is connected with a trunk port of an H-shaped waveguide power divider.
3. The air substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the H-shaped waveguide power divider is composed of two T-shaped waveguides, the other end of the longitudinal air waveguide is perpendicular to one side of the connection portion of the two T-shaped waveguides, and concave portions for impedance matching are arranged on the other side of the connection portion of the two T-shaped waveguides and in the middle of the side where the two ports of the T-shaped waveguides are located.
4. The air-substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of said metallized through holes is smaller than 1/5 of the operating wavelength of the air-substrate integrated waveguide propagation, and the spacing between two metallized through holes is smaller than twice the diameter of the metallized through holes.
5. The air substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the metallized through hole to the air waveguide and the H-shaped waveguide power divider profile is equal to 4% -8% of the width of the air waveguide.
6. The air substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the coupling slot 32 is rectangular, and the long side thereof is parallel to the direction of the air waveguide.
7. The air substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the distance between each coupling slot and the corresponding air integrated waveguide short-circuit wall is equal to 1/4 of the waveguide wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point.
8. The air substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the 2x2 patch subarray 31 comprises four rectangular patches and an H-shaped microstrip power divider, wherein a central feed line of the H-shaped microstrip power divider is perpendicular to and overlaps with a corresponding coupling slot.
9. The patch array antenna based on the air substrate integrated waveguide of claim 8, wherein the distance between two adjacent radiating patches is equal to 0.7 to 1.2 times of the waveguide wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point.
10. The air-substrate integrated waveguide-based patch array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric material in the first substrate and the second substrate is R4003, and the thickness is 20 mil; the dielectric material of the third substrate is R5880, and the thickness is 20 mil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911285257.5A CN111244619A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Patch array antenna based on air substrate integrated waveguide |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911285257.5A CN111244619A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Patch array antenna based on air substrate integrated waveguide |
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| CN111244619A true CN111244619A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911285257.5A Pending CN111244619A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Patch array antenna based on air substrate integrated waveguide |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111525221A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-08-11 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Substrate integrated waveguide power divider working in W waveband and having high isolation |
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| CN103825089A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-28 | 电子科技大学 | Near-field focusing planar array antenna |
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2019
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN103825089A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-28 | 电子科技大学 | Near-field focusing planar array antenna |
| CN105190998A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-12-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Array antenna |
| CN107565225A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2018-01-09 | 东南大学 | A kind of array antenna structure and multilayer via structure |
| CN109037930A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-18 | 东南大学 | The Wide band array antenna of micro-strip and feeding substrate integrated waveguide based on stacking |
| CN110085979A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-02 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of millimeter wave antenna array with diversity oblique fire angular characteristics |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111525221A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-08-11 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Substrate integrated waveguide power divider working in W waveband and having high isolation |
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Application publication date: 20200605 |
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