CN103825089A - Near-field focusing planar array antenna - Google Patents
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- CN103825089A CN103825089A CN201410073747.XA CN201410073747A CN103825089A CN 103825089 A CN103825089 A CN 103825089A CN 201410073747 A CN201410073747 A CN 201410073747A CN 103825089 A CN103825089 A CN 103825089A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a near-field focusing planar array antenna which is high in efficiency, small in size and low in cost. The near-field focusing planar array antenna comprises a first copper-coated metal layer, a first medium layer, a second copper-coated metal layer, a second medium layer, a third copper-coated metal layer, a third medium layer, a fourth copper-coated metal layer, a fourth medium layer and a fifth copper-coated metal layer, wherein the first copper-coated metal layer, the first medium layer, the second copper-coated metal layer, the second medium layer, the third copper-coated metal layer, the third medium layer, the fourth copper-coated metal layer, the fourth medium layer and the fifth copper-coated metal layer are sequentially laminated from top to bottom. Metallized radiation holes are formed in the first medium layer. Metallized phase shift holes are formed in the second medium layer. Metallized transition holes are formed in the third medium layer. A substrate-integrated waveguide parallel feed network is arranged on the fourth medium layer. According to the near-field focusing planar array antenna, phase compensation is achieved through the metallized phase shift holes, the compensation range is wide, the structure is simple, performance is excellent, efficiency of the antenna is high, the size of the antenna can be greatly reduced, and cost can be reduced; in addition, different focusing positions can be adjusted. The near-field focusing planar array antenna is suitable for being popularized and applied in the technical field of microwave antennas and millimeter wave antennas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave and millimeter wave antenna technical field, be specifically related to a kind of near field focal plane arrays antenna.
Background technology
Point focusing antenna relies on its electromagnetic wave focusing effect, is widely used in the occasions such as microwave and millimeter wave imaging, wireless delivery of energy, wireless radiofrequency identification, microwave medical treatment.
Traditional focusing anteena can be divided into two large classes according to profile: on-plane surface focusing anteena and plane focusing anteena.Wherein, on-plane surface focusing anteena comprises parabolic antenna and dielectric lens antenna; Flat focus antenna is mainly patch array antenna.
Traditional on-plane surface focusing anteena, as parabolic antenna, dielectric lens antenna etc., although can realize good focus characteristics, but due to antenna structure on-plane surface, need accurate machining, and bulky, with high costs, be difficult to miniaturization, be unfavorable for planar circuit integrated.Traditional flat focus antenna, by adjusting the length of driving source to the micro-band of feed between antenna element, to realize the feed to paster antenna out of phase.Although flat focus antenna can cut down finished cost, overcome integrated difficulty, also there are some problems in it.
For example, someone has proposed a kind of Section of Microstrip Antenna Array with focus characteristics.This antenna structure comprises one deck dielectric layer and two layers of metal cover copper layer, and lower metal covers the ground of copper layer formation microstrip antenna, and upper strata metal covers copper layer and forms microstrip line power divider network, phase-shift network and paster radiating element.The phase-shift network that the focus characteristics of said structure covers in copper layer by upper strata metal is realized for paster radiating element provides phase difference, and this phase-shift network is realized by not isometric microstrip line, after electromagnetic wave is by the microstrip line of different length, on paster radiating element, produce given reference phase difference, thereby realize electromagnetic wave focus characteristics.In this structure, phase change is realized by not isometric microstrip line, and in the time that phase difference requirement is larger, in phase-shift network, microstrip line can be very long, causes this array entire area to increase, and is unfavorable for miniaturization, has also increased cost; Microstrip line and discontinuous corner thereof have radiation, in reducing feed efficiency, also affect focusing effect.
And for example, thus also someone has proposed a kind ofly to utilize phase shifter to carry out control antenna phase place to realize and have the focusing anteena of focal length variable characteristic.This structure is made up of dipole antenna, power distributing network and phase shifter; 24 dipole antenna rules are arranged in three circles, and each circle comprises 8 dipole antennas.8 dipole antennas on same circle are by one one point eight power distributing network feeds, and three power distributing networks are respectively to three circles totally 24 dipole antenna feeds; Above-mentioned three power distributing networks respectively phase shifters different from two connect, and are finally connected to signal source by one point of four power distributing network.This focusing anteena can carry out phase control to the dipole antenna on difference circle by phase shifter, thereby realize, electromagnetic wave focuses on and focal length is variable.This structure has adopted four power distributing networks and two phase shifters, makes whole system complex structure, cost high, unacceptable in the time of frequency applications and large scale application.
Above-mentioned two kinds of typical array antennas that focus on, although processing is relative simple with design, have realized complanation design, are difficult to take into account the demands such as miniaturization, high efficiency, low cost.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the higher and small volume of a kind of efficiency, lower-cost near field focal plane arrays antenna.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: this near field focal plane arrays antenna, comprise that the first metal being cascading from top to bottom covers copper layer, first medium layer, the second metal and covers copper layer, second medium layer, the 3rd metal and cover copper layer, the 3rd dielectric layer, the 4th metal and cover copper layer, the 4th dielectric layer and five metals and belong to and cover copper layer, on described first medium layer, be provided with metallization radiating aperture that multiple diameters are identical and described metallization radiating aperture and run through the first metal and cover copper layer, first medium layer; On described second medium layer, be provided with the metallization phase shift hole of multiple different-diameters, described multiple metallization phase shifts hole is corresponding and coaxial one by one with multiple metallization radiating aperture, and described metallization phase shift hole is run through the second metal and covered copper layer, second medium layer; On described the 3rd dielectric layer, be provided with the metallization transitional pore that multiple diameters are identical, described multiple metallization transitional pores are corresponding and coaxial one by one with multiple metallization phase shifts hole, and described metallization transitional pore runs through the 3rd metal and covers copper layer, the 3rd dielectric layer; On described the 4th dielectric layer, be provided with substrate integration wave-guide and present network.
Be further, described substrate integration wave-guide is also presented network and is made up of multilevel subnetwork network, every one-level sub-network comprises multiple "T"-shaped heads, two outputs of the "T"-shaped head of upper level sub-network are connected with the input of two "T"-shaped of next stage sub-network respectively, periodic arrangement is gone down jointly to form substrate integration wave-guide and is presented network, described "T"-shaped head is made up of three substrate integrated waveguide single units, two row's plated-through holes and described plated-through hole are set on the 4th dielectric layer to be run through the 4th metal and covers copper layer, the 4th dielectric layer and five metals belong to and cover copper layer and form described substrate integrated waveguide single unit, the join domain of described three substrate integrated waveguide single units is provided with metallization coupling hole, described the 4th metal covers and on copper layer, is also provided with feed groove, described feed groove is positioned at metallization transitional pore.
Further, described first medium layer, second medium layer adopt the FR4 material that dielectric constant is 4.5 to be made, and described the 3rd dielectric layer, the 4th dielectric layer adopt the RF35 material that dielectric constant is 3.5 to be made.
Further, the thickness of described first medium layer is 1.6mm, and the thickness of second medium layer is 6.4mm, and the thickness of the 3rd dielectric layer is 1.52mm, and the thickness of the 4th dielectric layer is 0.508mm.
Further, described metallization radiating aperture is 18mm with the diameter of metallization transitional pore, and distance arrays center is from being followed successively by 18mm, 18.8mm, 20mm as far as nearly metallization phase shift bore dia.
Further, the width of described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is 10mm.
Further, the diameter of described plated-through hole is 0.5mm, and heart distance in hole is 0.95mm.
Further, the length of described feed groove is 11.9mm, and width is 0.3mm, and the distance of skew substrate integrated waveguide single unit center line is 0.1mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna adopts metallization phase shift hole to realize phase compensation, compensation range is large, simple in structure, excellent performance, the efficiency of antenna is higher, and this metallization phase shift hole is positioned at metallization radiating aperture below, when realizing phase change, can not increase array lateral dimension, be conducive to the miniaturization of antenna, can greatly reduce the volume of antenna, reduce costs, adopt substrate integration wave-guide and present network feed, in the time of high-frequency work, it has advantages of feed efficiency height and radiationless interference, simultaneously, being somebody's turn to do and presenting network is positioned under metallization radiating aperture, more be conducive to circuit miniaturization, in addition, the focusing anteena of tradition feed microstrip line, its phase compensation comes from feeding network, once machine, cannot change, thereby it is variable to be difficult to realize focal length, and near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna, its phase control structure adopts metallization phase shift pore structure, only need the metallization phase shift hole by changing differing heights, replace the second medium layer with differing heights, just can complete the adjusting of different focal positions, and in replacement process array overall structure and layout without variation, cost saves time, moreover, this near field focal plane arrays antenna bandwidth of operation is wider, in the time of large-scale application, performance can not worsen.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the first metal of near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna covers copper layer;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the second metal of near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna covers copper layer;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the 3rd metal of near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna covers copper layer;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that the 4th metal of near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna covers copper layer;
Fig. 6 is the fundamental diagram of near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna;
Description of symbols in figure: the first metal covers copper layer 1, the second metal and covers copper layer 2, the 3rd metal and cover copper layer 3, the 4th metal and cover copper layer 4, feed groove 41, five metals and belong to and cover copper layer 5, first medium layer 6, metallization radiating aperture 61, second medium layer 7, metallization phase shift hole 71, the 3rd dielectric layer 8, metallization transitional pore 81, the 4th dielectric layer 9, plated-through hole 91, metallization coupling hole 92.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Fig. 1 to 5, this near field focal plane arrays antenna, comprise that the first metal being cascading from top to bottom covers copper layer 1, first medium layer 6, the second metal and covers copper layer 2, second medium layer 7, the 3rd metal and cover copper layer 3, the 3rd dielectric layer 8, the 4th metal and cover copper layer 4, the 4th dielectric layer 9 and five metals and belong to and cover copper layer 5, on described first medium layer 6, be provided with metallization radiating aperture 61 that multiple diameters are identical and described metallization radiating aperture 61 and run through the first metal and cover copper layer 1, first medium layer 6; On described second medium layer 7, be provided with the metallization phase shift hole 71 of multiple different-diameters, described multiple metallization phase shifts hole 71 is corresponding and coaxial one by one with multiple metallization radiating aperture 61, and described metallization phase shift hole 71 is run through the second metal and covered copper layer 2, second medium layer 7; On described the 3rd dielectric layer 8, be provided with the metallization transitional pore 81 that multiple diameters are identical, described multiple metallization transitional pore 81 is corresponding and coaxial one by one with multiple metallization phase shifts hole 71, and described metallization transitional pore 81 runs through the 3rd metal and covers copper layer 3, the 3rd dielectric layer 8; On described the 4th dielectric layer 9, be provided with substrate integration wave-guide and present network.Near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna adopts metallization phase shift hole 71 to realize phase compensation, compensation range is large, simple in structure, excellent performance, the efficiency of antenna is higher, and this metallization phase shift hole 71 is positioned at metallization radiating aperture 61 belows, when realizing phase change, can not increase array lateral dimension, be conducive to the miniaturization of antenna, can greatly reduce the volume of antenna, reduce costs, adopt substrate integration wave-guide and present network and realized feed, in the time of high-frequency work, it has advantages of feed efficiency height and radiationless interference, simultaneously, this feeding network is positioned under metallization radiating aperture 61, more be conducive to circuit miniaturization, in addition, the focusing anteena of tradition feed microstrip line, its phase compensation comes from feeding network, once machine, cannot change, thereby it is variable to be difficult to realize focal length, and near field of the present invention focal plane arrays antenna, its phase control structure adopts metallization phase shift hole 71 structures, only need the metallization phase shift hole 71 by changing differing heights, replace the second medium layer 7 with differing heights, just can complete the adjusting of different focal positions, and in replacement process array overall structure and layout without variation, cost saves time, moreover, this near field focal plane arrays antenna bandwidth of operation is wider, in the time of large-scale application, performance can not worsen.
As shown in Figure 6, operating frequency is f to the operation principle of this near field focal plane arrays antenna, and by XOY plane, along straightline propagation to focal point F, (0,0, R) locates the electromagnetic wave that operation wavelength is λ, and now focal length is R; If the thickness of second medium layer 7 is h, the number of metallization radiating aperture 61 is M × N; If the coordinate of (i, j) and (s, t) individual metallization radiating aperture 61 is respectively (x
i, y
j, 0) and (x
s, y
t, 0), with respect to the absolute path length difference of the origin of coordinates (0,0,0) be
with
from (i, j) with (s, t) individual metallization radiating aperture 61 to the relative path length difference of focus is: S=S (i, j)-S (s, t) metallization radiating aperture 61 all works in main mould, its radius a meet: λ/3.41<a< λ/2.61, can determine accordingly metallization radiating aperture 61 radius span.
Suppose S (i, j) > (s, t), establishing (m, n) individual metallization phase shift hole 71 radiuses is b (m, n), and corresponding phase constant is
electromagnetic wave is that propagation distance in the metallization phase shift hole 71 of b (m, n) is h at radius so.Now, phase change amount is P (m, n)=β (m, n) × h.If realize focus characteristics at focal length R place, P (i, j)-P (s, t)=[S (i, j)-S (s, t)] × (2 π f/c), thus can determine (m, n) the radius b (m, n) in individual metallization phase shift hole 71.
Be further, described substrate integration wave-guide is also presented network and is made up of multilevel subnetwork network, every one-level sub-network comprises multiple "T"-shaped heads, two outputs of the "T"-shaped head of upper level sub-network are connected with the input of two "T"-shaped of next stage sub-network respectively, periodic arrangement is gone down jointly to form substrate integration wave-guide and is presented network, described "T"-shaped head is made up of three substrate integrated waveguide single units, two row's plated-through holes 91 and described plated-through hole 91 are set on the 4th dielectric layer 9 to be run through the 4th metal and covers copper layer 4, the 4th dielectric layer 9 and five metals belong to and cover copper layer 5 and form described substrate integrated waveguide single unit, the join domain of described three substrate integrated waveguide single units is provided with metallization coupling hole 92, described the 4th metal covers and on copper layer 4, is also provided with feed groove 41, described feed groove 41 is positioned at metallization transitional pore 81.This structure and present network, compact conformation, can entirety be positioned at metallization radiating aperture 61 belows, can, as traditional and present network and increase additional circuit area, not be conducive to array antenna miniaturization, reduces costs.
Embodiment
In the present embodiment, the centre frequency of near field focal plane arrays antenna is 10GHz, it is that 4.5 FR4 material is made that described first medium layer 6, second medium layer 7 adopt dielectric constant, the thickness of first medium layer 6 is 1.6mm, the thickness of second medium layer 7 is that the 3rd dielectric layer 8 described in 6.4mm, the 4th dielectric layer 9 adopt the RF35 material that dielectric constant is 3.5, loss angle tangent is 0.0018 to be made, the thickness of the 3rd dielectric layer 8 is 1.52mm, and the thickness of the 4th dielectric layer 9 is 0.508mm; Described metallization radiating aperture 61 is 18mm with the diameter of metallization transitional pore 81; Distance arrays centre distance is from being followed successively by 18mm, 18.8mm, 20mm as far as nearly metallization phase shift hole 71 diameters, and the width of described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is 10mm, and the diameter of described plated-through hole 91 is 0.5mm, and the hole heart is apart from being 0.95mm; The length of feed groove 4141 is 11.9mm, and width is 0.3mm, and the distance of skew substrate integration wave-guide center line is 0.1mm.
Design result shows, in the scope of 9.9～10.1GHz, and when port a feed, reflection coefficient S11 little Yu – 10dB; 150mm place directly over apart from antenna aperture, forms electric field strength peak value, has realized electromagnetic focusing.
Claims (8)
1. near field focal plane arrays antenna, it is characterized in that: comprise that the first metal being cascading from top to bottom covers copper layer (1), first medium layer (6), the second metal covers copper layer (2), second medium layer (7), the 3rd metal covers copper layer (3), the 3rd dielectric layer (8), the 4th metal covers copper layer (4), the 4th dielectric layer (9) and five metals genus cover copper layer (5), on described first medium layer (6), being provided with metallization radiating aperture (61) that multiple diameters are identical and described metallization radiating aperture (61) runs through the first metal and covers copper layer (1), first medium layer (6), on described second medium layer (7), be provided with the metallization phase shift hole (71) of multiple different-diameters, described multiple metallization phase shifts holes (71) are corresponding and coaxial one by one with multiple metallization radiating apertures (61), and described metallization phase shift hole (71) is run through the second metal and covered copper layer (2), second medium layer (7), on described the 3rd dielectric layer (8), be provided with the metallization transitional pore (81) that multiple diameters are identical, described multiple metallization transitional pores (81) are corresponding and coaxial one by one with multiple metallization phase shifts holes (71), and described metallization transitional pore (81) runs through the 3rd metal and covers copper layer (3), the 3rd dielectric layer (8), on described the 4th dielectric layer (9), be provided with substrate integration wave-guide and present network.
2. near field as claimed in claim 1 focal plane arrays antenna, it is characterized in that: described substrate integration wave-guide is also presented network and is made up of multilevel subnetwork network, every one-level sub-network comprises multiple "T"-shaped heads, two outputs of the "T"-shaped head of upper level sub-network are connected with the input of two "T"-shaped of next stage sub-network respectively, periodic arrangement is gone down jointly to form substrate integration wave-guide and is presented network, described "T"-shaped head is made up of three substrate integrated waveguide single units, two row's plated-through holes (91) and described plated-through hole (91) are set on the 4th dielectric layer (9) to be run through the 4th metal and covers copper layer (4), the 4th dielectric layer (9) and five metals belong to and cover copper layer (5) and form described substrate integrated waveguide single unit, the join domain of described three substrate integrated waveguide single units is provided with metallization coupling hole (92), described the 4th metal covers and on copper layer (4), is also provided with feed groove (41), described feed groove (41) is positioned at metallization transitional pore (81).
3. near field as claimed in claim 2 focal plane arrays antenna, it is characterized in that: described first medium layer (6), second medium layer (7) adopt the FR4 material that dielectric constant is 4.5 to be made, described the 3rd dielectric layer (8), the 4th dielectric layer (9) adopt the RF35 material that dielectric constant is 3.5 to be made.
4. near field as claimed in claim 3 focal plane arrays antenna, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described first medium layer (6) is 1.6mm, the thickness of second medium layer (7) is 6.4mm, and the thickness of the 3rd dielectric layer (8) is 1.52mm, and the thickness of the 4th dielectric layer (9) is 0.508mm.
5. near field as claimed in claim 4 focal plane arrays antenna, is characterized in that: described metallization radiating aperture (61) is 18mm with the diameter of metallization transitional pore (81); Distance arrays center is from being followed successively by 18mm, 18.8mm, 20mm as far as nearly metallization phase shift hole (71) diameter.
6. near field as claimed in claim 5 focal plane arrays antenna, is characterized in that: the width of described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is 10mm.
7. near field as claimed in claim 6 focal plane arrays antenna, is characterized in that: the diameter of described plated-through hole (91) is 0.5mm, and heart distance in hole is 0.95mm.
8. near field as claimed in claim 7 focal plane arrays antenna, is characterized in that: the length of described feed groove (41) is 11.9mm, width is 0.3mm, and the distance of skew substrate integrated waveguide single unit center line is 0.1mm.
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| CN108539422A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-14 | 电子科技大学 | The sinuous substrate integration wave-guide near field focus of three-dimensional scans leaky wave slot array antenna |
| CN109755762A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-14 | 南京信息工程大学 | A near field adapted local cosine transform antenna and focus method applied to RFID |
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| CN113488767A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-10-08 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter wave high-gain plane aperture antenna and antenna array |
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| CN108446504A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-24 | 电子科技大学 | Near-field array Antenna measuring table method based on convex optimization |
| CN108446504B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2021-09-07 | 电子科技大学 | Near-field array antenna directional pattern comprehensive method based on convex optimization |
| CN108539422A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-14 | 电子科技大学 | The sinuous substrate integration wave-guide near field focus of three-dimensional scans leaky wave slot array antenna |
| CN108539422B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Three-dimensional meandering substrate integrated waveguide near-field focusing scanning leaky-wave slot array antenna |
| CN112823286A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-05-18 | 奥比斯***有限公司 | Device and method for testing 4.5G or 5G base station |
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| CN109755762A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-14 | 南京信息工程大学 | A near field adapted local cosine transform antenna and focus method applied to RFID |
| WO2020198992A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Dummy antenna structure and millimetre wave antenna array |
| CN111244619A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-06-05 | 南京理工大学 | Patch array antenna based on air substrate integrated waveguide |
| CN113488767B (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-01-18 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter wave high-gain plane aperture antenna and antenna array |
| CN113488767A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-10-08 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter wave high-gain plane aperture antenna and antenna array |
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