CN111243088A - True three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method and system in engineering geological investigation - Google Patents
True three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method and system in engineering geological investigation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing geological interpretation, and discloses a true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method and a system in engineering geological exploration, wherein the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in the engineering geological exploration comprises the following steps: collecting and processing engineering geological images to generate a three-dimensional engineering geological image file; correcting the three-dimensional engineering geological image, constructing an engineering geological three-dimensional model, and rendering and interpreting; and storing and displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model. Fitting and interpolating according to discrete geological exploration data, establishing a three-dimensional geological model of information such as terrain, stratum boundary, attributes and the like which are simulated in proportion, and completely reflecting geological structure information through three-dimensional visualization; the data of the land preparation physical grid can be directly extracted and directly used through the image storage module, the extremely fast non-redundancy data acquisition is achieved, and the effect of object storage in the field of remote sensing images is fully exerted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing geological interpretation, and particularly relates to a true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method and system in engineering geological exploration.
Background
The geological interpretation is to make an interpretation conforming to geological rules for the anomaly of the geophysical field and build a geological model for generating the geophysical field. Geology generally refers to the nature and characteristics of the earth. The method mainly refers to the material composition, structure, development history and the like of the earth, and comprises the stratigraphic differences, physical properties, chemical properties, rock properties, mineral compositions, the output states and contact relations of rock stratums and rock masses, the structural development history, the biological evolution history and the climate change history of the earth, the occurrence conditions and the distribution rules of mineral resources and the like. However, the model built in the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation process in the existing engineering geological survey is incomplete; meanwhile, the storage is redundant, and the data extraction efficiency is low.
The interpretation process of the engineering geological information is a process of extracting interesting information from a remote sensing image according to image interpretation marks of various geological phenomena, and the interpretation method is developed from visual qualitative interpretation and static interpretation to man-machine interactive interpretation which combines qualitative interpretation, quantitative interpretation, static interpretation and dynamic interpretation by means of computer remote sensing image processing, a geographic information system and the like. The aerial remote sensing image is used as an important data source for engineering geological interpretation, and is widely concerned by engineering technicians due to the characteristics of high resolution, stereo property and the like. However, in interpretation means, a stereoscope interpretation mode based on paper black-and-white image pairs is generally used, and most of the interpretation means is that stereoscopy interpretation of fixed scales is only performed on aerial image pairs, the interpreted target image pairs are difficult to locate and search, interpretation results are complicated to translate and draw, the accuracy is poor, and effective utilization of aerial remote sensing images is restrained to a certain extent.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the model built in the process of true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation in the existing engineering geological survey is incomplete; meanwhile, the storage is redundant, and the data extraction efficiency is low.
(2) The existing stereoscope interpretation mode based on paper black-white image pairs mostly only carries out stereoscopic observation interpretation with fixed scale on aerial image pairs, the positioning and searching of the interpreted target image pairs are difficult, the interpretation result is complicated to translate, the precision is poor, and the effective utilization of aerial remote sensing images is restrained to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method and system in engineering geological exploration.
The invention is realized in this way, a true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological exploration, which comprises the following steps:
collecting engineering geological images through a remote sensing detector; processing the acquired engineering geological image through a remote sensing image processing program to generate a three-dimensional engineering geological image file: analyzing a video file to obtain a plurality of image frames of the video file, and selecting a reference image frame from the plurality of image frames;
(ii) determining a foreground region and a background region of an image frame subsequent to the reference image frame from the reference image frame;
(III) respectively carrying out image processing on the foreground area and the background area to obtain a foreground image and a background image;
(IV) synthesizing the foreground image and the background image into a stereo image; and
and (V) generating a stereoscopic video file according to a plurality of stereoscopic images corresponding to the plurality of image frames and outputting the stereoscopic video file.
Step two, controlling each module to work normally through a main controller; correcting the three-dimensional engineering geological image through a correction program; and (3) constructing an engineering geological three-dimensional model by utilizing the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through modeling software: (1) performing feature extraction on the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through a feature extraction program, and generating feature data;
(2) analyzing and importing the characteristic data through a data processing program and generating a point set;
(2) establishing a structural ground surface: generating a terrain surface and hiding unnecessary limit, and attaching an isoline value;
(3) and (3) generating a drilling hole: inputting drilling related data in a text file mode;
(4) modeling of rock layer surfaces and structural surfaces: respectively modeling each stratum surface and fault surface to obtain lithology and structural distribution condition surface models of the whole modeling area;
(5) and (3) surface editing: generating a Tube surface, extending the boundary of the stratum surface needing to be extended to the Tube surface, and cutting the unnecessary part of the stratum surface;
(6) establishing a grid/solid model: and (4) finishing the establishment of the geological grid model through a grid model object Sgrid of the GOCAD.
Rendering the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a rendering program; establishing a three-dimensional visual interpretation environment based on stereoscopic analysis through an interpretation program, and interpreting the engineering geological model:
according to the characteristics of remote sensing geological interpretation, a three-dimensional visual interpretation environment of geological interpretation is established by utilizing a red and blue glasses mode and a stereo analysis module of remote sensing professional software, the interpretation and collection process principle of geological information carried out in the environment is similar to that of a professional photogrammetry workstation, and three-dimensional measurement operation of the information of interest can be carried out;
and calling a corresponding stereopair engineering file according to the stereopair file in the range of the searched interesting line, and importing the stereopair engineering file into a three-dimensional analysis module.
Step four, storing the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a memory: 1) acquiring a remote sensing image through a remote sensing detector;
2) expanding the remote sensing image outwards to an L-level grid edge adjacent to the remote sensing image edge, and filling an expansion part by using an invalid value to generate an updated remote sensing image; the L-level grid is the maximum grid level corresponding to the remote sensing image determined according to the resolution; l is a positive integer;
3) and segmenting the updated remote sensing image into grid data according to the data size occupied by the L-level grid, and continuously storing each wave band data in the grid data band by band.
Fifthly, carrying out wireless transmission on data in a wireless communication mode of WIFI/GPRS; and displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a display.
Further, in step one, the method for determining the foreground region and the background region of the image frame after the reference image frame according to the reference image frame is as follows:
dividing an image frame subsequent to the reference image frame into a plurality of image blocks of a predetermined size;
respectively acquiring the absolute error and the minimum block of each image block on the reference image frame; respectively obtaining the motion index of each image block according to the displacement of the pixel point at the upper left corner of each image block, the corresponding absolute error of the displacement and the displacement of the pixel point at the upper left corner of the smallest block;
respectively judging whether the motion index of each image block is smaller than a preset threshold value; if the difference is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining that the corresponding image block is a background block, otherwise, determining that the image block is a foreground block; and
the adjacent foreground blocks are connected as foreground regions and/or the adjacent background blocks are connected as background regions.
Further, in the second step, the construction method of the engineering geological three-dimensional model specifically comprises:
(1) performing feature extraction on the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through a feature extraction program, and generating feature data;
(2) analyzing and importing the characteristic data through a data processing program and generating a point set
If the original data point file is measured, the file can be imported into the GOCAD through a text format; when no original data point file is measured, contour lines can be extracted from the topographic map, the AUTOCAD map is stored in DXF format, and the DXF file is imported into GOCAD;
(2) surface for building structure
Generating a terrain curved surface through a surface function in GOCAD according to the point set generated in the step (2), if nodes on the generated point surface are not coincident with control points, performing geometric adaptation, hiding unneeded limits through hierarchy constraints, and finally attaching an isoline value;
(3) generation of a borehole
Drilling data are only used as control elements of a layer, drilling related data are input in a text file mode in modeling, and after the data are read into the GOCAD, information of each layer can be modified on a Marker item of Well and the occurrence information of each layer can be added;
(4) modeling of rock face and structure face
Leading the earth surface exposed line of the rock stratum into GOCAD from AUTOCAD to obtain a curve object, then converting the rock stratum attitude into a tangent vector of a surface, stretching the curve object of the earth surface for a certain distance along the tangent vector to obtain a surface object (surface), fitting the surface to the discrete point position of the layer determined by drilling and adit to obtain a curved surface, repeating the processes, and respectively modeling each ground surface and fault surface to obtain a lithology and structural distribution condition surface model of the whole modeling area;
(5) editing curved surfaces
For unreasonable parts on the curved surface, nodes of the triangular surface network are dragged in the GOCAD to be adjusted;
in order to establish unified constraint on the stratum surface, the stratum surface is positioned in the same range in the vertical direction, a Tube surface is generated under a Surfacemode model of GOCAD, and then the boundary of the stratum surface which needs to be extended through an edit function under the Surfacemode model is extended to the Tube surface;
cutting unwanted portions of the formation plane via byprocesses commands;
(6) mesh/solid model building
The construction of the geological grid model is completed by a grid model object (Sgrid) of GOCAD.
Further, in the step (1), the method of performing feature extraction on the corrected stereoscopic engineering geological image through a feature extraction program and generating feature data includes:
1) dividing an image into a plurality of blocks, each of the blocks comprising a plurality of cells;
2) converting each of the cells from the spatial domain to the frequency domain: performing Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) on each cell, and performing Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT);
3) extracting directional gradient Histogram (HOG) features of the image in the frequency domain:
① calculating the gradient size and gradient direction of each cell in the frequency domain to obtain a descriptor of each cell;
② counting each descriptor in each block in the frequency domain to obtain the HOG characteristic of each block;
③ adjusting the HOG features of each block in the image from an initial L x 1 dimensional vector to a matrix of M x N, each block comprising M x N pixels, L x N;
④ obtaining the HOG feature of the image according to the adjusted HOG feature of each block and the corresponding position of each block in the image.
Further, in the step (2), the obtained distribution of the drill holes and the well logging and the data obtained according to the distribution are analyzed, the geological profile is subjected to vectorization to form an ascII file, the ascII file is input into the Gocad to form a three-dimensional geological surface, a research area is modeled according to stratum fluctuation, pinch-out and the like provided by the ascII file, and the modeling accuracy is improved.
Further, in step four, the storage method further includes:
establishing a spatial grid system, wherein the spatial grid system comprises 2 n-level grids, and the method for establishing the spatial grid system comprises the following steps: taking each region with longitude interval of 1 degree and latitude interval of 1 degree as a reference grid in the earth geographic range, taking the reference grid as a 9 th-level grid of a spatial grid system, respectively generating 8 th-1 st-level grids of the spatial grid system by sequentially aggregating upward quadtrees of the reference grid, and respectively generating 10 th-2 n th-level grids of the spatial grid system by sequentially dividing downward quadtrees of the reference grid; the L-level grid is a level one in the spatial grid system, and n is an integer greater than 3;
after receiving the remote sensing image, establishing grid indexes of 1 st to L th grids corresponding to the remote sensing image according to the space grid system, wherein the grid indexes are one-dimensional codes of all the grids.
Further, in step four, the expanding the remote sensing image outward to the L-th level grid edge adjacent to the remote sensing image edge includes:
determining four corner coordinates of the remote sensing image;
determining an L-level grid where four corners of the remote sensing image are located as a corner grid according to the corner coordinates;
and determining the corner grids and the area within the corner grids as an updating area, and extending the remote sensing image to the edge of the updating area.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation system in engineering geological exploration using the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological exploration, which comprises:
the remote sensing image acquisition module, the remote sensing image processing module, the main control module, the image correction module, the three-dimensional model building module, the model rendering module, the interpretation module, the image storage module, the communication module and the display module.
The remote sensing image acquisition module is connected with the main control module and is used for acquiring engineering geological images through a remote sensing detector;
the remote sensing image processing module is connected with the main control module and used for processing the acquired engineering geological image through a remote sensing image processing program to generate a three-dimensional engineering geological image file;
the main control module is connected with the remote sensing image acquisition module, the remote sensing image processing module, the image correction module, the three-dimensional model construction module, the model rendering module, the interpretation module, the image storage module, the communication module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the main controller;
the image correction module is connected with the main control module and is used for correcting the three-dimensional engineering geological image through a correction program;
the three-dimensional model building module is connected with the main control module and used for building an engineering geological three-dimensional model by utilizing the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through modeling software;
the model rendering module is connected with the main control module and used for rendering the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a rendering program;
the interpretation module is connected with the main control module and is used for interpreting the engineering geological model through an interpretation program;
the image storage module is connected with the main control module and used for storing the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a memory;
the communication module is connected with the main control module and is used for carrying out wireless transmission of data in a wireless communication mode of WIFI/GPRS;
and the display module is connected with the main control module and used for displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through the display.
The invention also aims to provide an information data processing terminal for realizing the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in the engineering geological survey.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method for true three-dimensional airborne remote sensing geological interpretation in an engineering geological survey.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological exploration provided by the invention realizes the conversion from a two-dimensional plane to a three-dimensional environment, can conveniently carry out information retrieval and extraction work, and improves the working efficiency of geological interpretation. In the process of interpreting engineering geological information, a full-digital interpretation environment is realized. The multi-scale interpretation can be carried out under the environment, the stereo can be enlarged and reduced, the interpretation result does not need to be drawn, the image can be directly formed, and the precision of the remote sensing interpretation result is improved. The invention realizes the establishment of a three-dimensional environment by using a red and blue glasses mode, simplifies the requirements of software and hardware environments, is convenient for field carrying, and improves the convenience for field work development.
According to the invention, fitting and interpolation are carried out through a three-dimensional model construction module according to discrete geological exploration data, a three-dimensional geological model of information such as terrain, stratum boundary, attributes and the like simulated in proportion is established, and geological structure information is completely embodied through three-dimensional visualization; meanwhile, the remote sensing image is expanded to the size of a land preparation grid through the image storage module, then the expanded remote sensing image is cut and stored according to the size of data occupied by the land preparation grid, the storage object is the data in a certain geographical grid, when the data is required to be extracted from a database, the data of the land preparation grid can be directly extracted and used, the data acquisition is extremely fast, no redundancy is generated, and the effect of storing the object in the field of the remote sensing image is fully exerted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological survey provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation system in engineering geological survey according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a remote sensing image acquisition module; 2. a remote sensing image processing module; 3. a main control module; 4. an image correction module; 5. a three-dimensional model building module; 6. a model rendering module; 7. an interpretation module; 8. an image storage module; 9. a communication module; 10. and a display module.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological survey provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, collecting engineering geological images through a remote sensing detector; and processing the acquired engineering geological image through a remote sensing image processing program to generate a three-dimensional engineering geological image file.
S102, controlling the normal work of the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation system through a main controller; and correcting the three-dimensional engineering geological image through a correction program.
S103, constructing an engineering geological three-dimensional model by utilizing the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through modeling software; and rendering the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a rendering program.
S104, interpreting the engineering geological model through an interpretation program; and storing the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a memory.
S105, carrying out wireless transmission on data in a wireless communication mode of WIFI/GPRS; and displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a display.
As shown in fig. 2, the real three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation system in engineering geological survey provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: the remote sensing image acquisition system comprises a remote sensing image acquisition module 1, a remote sensing image processing module 2, a main control module 3, an image correction module 4, a three-dimensional model construction module 5, a model rendering module 6, an interpretation module 7, an image storage module 8, a communication module 9 and a display module 10.
The remote sensing image acquisition module 1 is connected with the main control module 3 and is used for acquiring engineering geological images through a remote sensing detector;
the remote sensing image processing module 2 is connected with the main control module 3 and is used for processing the acquired engineering geological image through a remote sensing image processing program to generate a three-dimensional engineering geological image file;
the main control module 3 is connected with the remote sensing image acquisition module 1, the remote sensing image processing module 2, the image correction module 4, the three-dimensional model construction module 5, the model rendering module 6, the interpretation module 7, the image storage module 8, the communication module 9 and the display module 10 and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the main controller;
the image correction module 4 is connected with the main control module 3 and is used for correcting the three-dimensional engineering geological image through a correction program;
the three-dimensional model building module 5 is connected with the main control module 3 and used for building an engineering geological three-dimensional model by utilizing the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through modeling software;
the model rendering module 6 is connected with the main control module 3 and used for rendering the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a rendering program;
the interpretation module 7 is connected with the main control module 3 and is used for interpreting the engineering geological model through an interpretation program;
the image storage module 8 is connected with the main control module 3 and used for storing the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a memory;
the communication module 9 is connected with the main control module 3 and is used for carrying out wireless transmission of data in a wireless communication mode of WIFI/GPRS;
and the display module 10 is connected with the main control module 3 and is used for displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a display.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The method for interpreting true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geology in engineering geology reconnaissance provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and as a preferred embodiment, the method for processing the acquired engineering geology image through a remote sensing image processing program to generate a three-dimensional engineering geology image file provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
analyzing a video file to obtain a plurality of image frames of the video file, and selecting a reference image frame from the plurality of image frames;
(ii) determining a foreground region and a background region of an image frame subsequent to the reference image frame from the reference image frame;
(III) respectively carrying out image processing on the foreground area and the background area to obtain a foreground image and a background image;
(IV) synthesizing the foreground image and the background image into a stereo image; and
and (V) generating a stereoscopic video file according to a plurality of stereoscopic images corresponding to the plurality of image frames and outputting the stereoscopic video file.
The method for determining the foreground area and the background area of the image frame behind the reference image frame according to the reference image frame provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
dividing an image frame subsequent to the reference image frame into a plurality of image blocks of a predetermined size;
respectively acquiring the absolute error and the minimum block of each image block on the reference image frame; respectively obtaining the motion index of each image block according to the displacement of the pixel point at the upper left corner of each image block, the corresponding absolute error of the displacement and the displacement of the pixel point at the upper left corner of the smallest block;
respectively judging whether the motion index of each image block is smaller than a preset threshold value; if the difference is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining that the corresponding image block is a background block, otherwise, determining that the image block is a foreground block; and
the adjacent foreground blocks are connected as foreground regions and/or the adjacent background blocks are connected as background regions.
Example 2
The method for real three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation in engineering geological survey provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and as a preferred embodiment, the method for constructing the engineering geological three-dimensional model provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) performing feature extraction on the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through a feature extraction program, and generating feature data;
(2) analyzing and importing the characteristic data through a data processing program and generating a point set
If the original data point file is measured, the file can be imported into the GOCAD through a text format; when no original data point file is measured, contour lines can be extracted from the topographic map, the AUTOCAD map is stored in DXF format, and the DXF file is imported into GOCAD;
(2) surface for building structure
Generating a terrain curved surface through a surface function in GOCAD according to the point set generated in the step (2), if nodes on the generated point surface are not coincident with control points, performing geometric adaptation, hiding unneeded limits through hierarchy constraints, and finally attaching an isoline value;
(3) generation of a borehole
Drilling data are only used as control elements of a layer, drilling related data are input in a text file mode in modeling, and after the data are read into the GOCAD, information of each layer can be modified on a Marker item of Well and the occurrence information of each layer can be added;
(4) modeling of rock face and structure face
Leading the earth surface exposed line of the rock stratum into GOCAD from AUTOCAD to obtain a curve object, then converting the rock stratum attitude into a tangent vector of a surface, stretching the curve object of the earth surface for a certain distance along the tangent vector to obtain a surface object (surface), fitting the surface to the discrete point position of the layer determined by drilling and adit to obtain a curved surface, repeating the processes, and respectively modeling each ground surface and fault surface to obtain a lithology and structural distribution condition surface model of the whole modeling area;
(5) editing curved surfaces
For unreasonable parts on the curved surface, nodes of the triangular surface network are dragged in the GOCAD to be adjusted;
in order to establish unified constraint on the stratum surface, the stratum surface is positioned in the same range in the vertical direction, a Tube surface is generated under a Surfacemode model of GOCAD, and then the boundary of the stratum surface which needs to be extended through an edit function under the Surfacemode model is extended to the Tube surface;
cutting unwanted portions of the formation plane via byprocesses commands;
(6) mesh/solid model building
The construction of the geological grid model is completed by a grid model object (Sgrid) of GOCAD.
In step (1), the method for performing feature extraction on the corrected stereoscopic engineering geological image through a feature extraction program and generating feature data provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) dividing an image into a plurality of blocks, each of the blocks comprising a plurality of cells;
2) converting each of the cells from the spatial domain to the frequency domain: performing Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) on each cell, and performing Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT);
3) extracting directional gradient Histogram (HOG) features of the image in the frequency domain:
① calculating the gradient size and gradient direction of each cell in the frequency domain to obtain a descriptor of each cell;
② counting each descriptor in each block in the frequency domain to obtain the HOG characteristic of each block;
③ adjusting the HOG features of each block in the image from an initial L x 1 dimensional vector to a matrix of M x N, each block comprising M x N pixels, L x N;
④ obtaining the HOG feature of the image according to the adjusted HOG feature of each block and the corresponding position of each block in the image.
In the step (2), the obtained distribution of the drill holes and the well logging and the data obtained according to the distribution are analyzed, the geological profile is subjected to vectorization to form an ascII file, the ascII file is input into a Gocad to form a three-dimensional geological surface, a research area is modeled according to the stratum fluctuation, pinch-out and the like provided by the ascII file, and the modeling accuracy is improved.
Example 3
The method for interpreting true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geology in engineering geology reconnaissance provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and as a preferred embodiment, the method for storing engineering geology images, three-dimensional engineering geology image files and engineering geology three-dimensional models through a memory provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring a remote sensing image through a remote sensing detector;
2) expanding the remote sensing image outwards to an L-level grid edge adjacent to the remote sensing image edge, and filling an expansion part by using an invalid value to generate an updated remote sensing image; the L-level grid is the maximum grid level corresponding to the remote sensing image determined according to the resolution; l is a positive integer;
3) and segmenting the updated remote sensing image into grid data according to the data size occupied by the L-level grid, and continuously storing each wave band data in the grid data band by band.
Step four, carrying out wireless transmission of data in a wireless communication mode of WIFI/GPRS; and displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a display.
The storage method provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: establishing a spatial grid system, wherein the spatial grid system comprises 2 n-level grids, and the method for establishing the spatial grid system comprises the following steps: taking each region with longitude interval of 1 degree and latitude interval of 1 degree as a reference grid in the earth geographic range, taking the reference grid as a 9 th-level grid of a spatial grid system, respectively generating 8 th-1 st-level grids of the spatial grid system by sequentially aggregating upward quadtrees of the reference grid, and respectively generating 10 th-2 n th-level grids of the spatial grid system by sequentially dividing downward quadtrees of the reference grid; the L-level grid is a level one in the spatial grid system, and n is an integer greater than 3;
after receiving the remote sensing image, establishing grid indexes of 1 st to L th grids corresponding to the remote sensing image according to the space grid system, wherein the grid indexes are one-dimensional codes of all the grids.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for extending the remote sensing image to the L-level grid edge adjacent to the remote sensing image edge, which comprises the following steps:
determining four corner coordinates of the remote sensing image;
determining an L-level grid where four corners of the remote sensing image are located as a corner grid according to the corner coordinates;
and determining the corner grids and the area within the corner grids as an updating area, and extending the remote sensing image to the edge of the updating area.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When used in whole or in part, can be implemented in a computer program product that includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded or executed on a computer, cause the flow or functions according to embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological exploration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting engineering geological images through a remote sensing detector; processing the acquired engineering geological image through a remote sensing image processing program to generate a three-dimensional engineering geological image file: analyzing a video file to obtain a plurality of image frames of the video file, and selecting a reference image frame from the plurality of image frames;
(ii) determining a foreground region and a background region of an image frame subsequent to the reference image frame from the reference image frame;
(III) respectively carrying out image processing on the foreground area and the background area to obtain a foreground image and a background image;
(IV) synthesizing the foreground image and the background image into a stereo image; and
(V) generating a stereoscopic video file according to a plurality of stereoscopic images corresponding to a plurality of image frames and outputting the stereoscopic video file;
step two, controlling each module to work normally through a main controller; correcting the three-dimensional engineering geological image through a correction program; and (3) constructing an engineering geological three-dimensional model by utilizing the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through modeling software: (1) performing feature extraction on the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through a feature extraction program, and generating feature data;
(2) analyzing and importing the characteristic data through a data processing program and generating a point set;
(2) establishing a structural ground surface: generating a terrain surface and hiding unnecessary limit, and attaching an isoline value;
(3) and (3) generating a drilling hole: inputting drilling related data in a text file mode;
(4) modeling of rock layer surfaces and structural surfaces: respectively modeling each stratum surface and fault surface to obtain lithology and structural distribution condition surface models of the whole modeling area;
(5) and (3) surface editing: generating a Tube surface, extending the boundary of the stratum surface needing to be extended to the Tube surface, and cutting the unnecessary part of the stratum surface;
(6) establishing a grid/solid model: the construction of a geological grid model is completed through a grid model object Sgrid of the GOCAD;
rendering the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a rendering program; establishing a three-dimensional visual interpretation environment based on stereoscopic analysis through an interpretation program, and interpreting the engineering geological model:
according to the characteristics of remote sensing geological interpretation, a three-dimensional visual interpretation environment of geological interpretation is established by utilizing a red and blue glasses mode and a stereo analysis module of remote sensing professional software, the interpretation and collection process principle of geological information carried out in the environment is similar to that of a professional photogrammetry workstation, and three-dimensional measurement operation of the information of interest can be carried out;
calling a corresponding stereopair engineering file according to the stereopair file in the range of the searched interesting line, and importing the stereopair engineering file into a three-dimensional analysis module;
step four, storing the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a memory: 1) acquiring a remote sensing image through a remote sensing detector;
2) expanding the remote sensing image outwards to an L-level grid edge adjacent to the remote sensing image edge, and filling an expansion part by using an invalid value to generate an updated remote sensing image; the L-level grid is the maximum grid level corresponding to the remote sensing image determined according to the resolution; l is a positive integer;
3) segmenting the updated remote sensing image into grid data according to the data size occupied by the L-level grid, and continuously storing each wave band data in the grid data band by band;
fifthly, carrying out wireless transmission on data in a wireless communication mode of WIFI/GPRS; and displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a display.
2. The method for interpreting true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geology in engineering geological survey according to claim 1, wherein in step one, the method for determining the foreground region and the background region of the image frame after the reference image frame according to the reference image frame comprises the following steps:
dividing an image frame subsequent to the reference image frame into a plurality of image blocks of a predetermined size;
respectively acquiring the absolute error and the minimum block of each image block on the reference image frame; respectively obtaining the motion index of each image block according to the displacement of the pixel point at the upper left corner of each image block, the corresponding absolute error of the displacement and the displacement of the pixel point at the upper left corner of the smallest block;
respectively judging whether the motion index of each image block is smaller than a preset threshold value; if the difference is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining that the corresponding image block is a background block, otherwise, determining that the image block is a foreground block; and connecting adjacent foreground blocks as foreground regions and/or connecting adjacent background blocks as background regions.
3. The method for interpreting true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geology in engineering geology reconnaissance as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step two, the method for constructing the engineering geology three-dimensional model specifically comprises:
(1) performing feature extraction on the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through a feature extraction program, and generating feature data;
(2) analyzing and importing the characteristic data through a data processing program and generating a point set
If the original data point file is measured, the file can be imported into the GOCAD through a text format; when no original data point file is measured, contour lines can be extracted from the topographic map, the AUTOCAD map is stored in DXF format, and the DXF file is imported into GOCAD;
(2) surface for building structure
Generating a terrain curved surface through a surface function in GOCAD according to the point set generated in the step (2), if nodes on the generated point surface are not coincident with control points, performing geometric adaptation, hiding unneeded limits through hierarchy constraints, and finally attaching an isoline value;
(3) generation of a borehole
Drilling data are only used as control elements of a layer, drilling related data are input in a text file mode in modeling, and after the data are read into the GOCAD, information of each layer can be modified on a Marker item of Well and the occurrence information of each layer can be added;
(4) modeling of rock face and structure face
Leading the earth surface exposed line of the rock stratum into GOCAD from AUTOCAD to obtain a curve object, converting the rock stratum attitude into a tangent vector of a surface, stretching the curve object of the earth surface for a certain distance along the tangent vector to obtain a surface object surface, fitting the surface to the discrete point position of the layer determined by drilling and adit to obtain a curved surface, repeating the processes, and respectively modeling each ground layer surface and each fault layer surface to obtain a lithology and structural distribution condition surface model of the whole modeling area;
(5) editing curved surfaces
For unreasonable parts on the curved surface, nodes of the triangular surface network are dragged in the GOCAD to be adjusted;
in order to establish unified constraint on the stratum surface, the stratum surface is positioned in the same range in the vertical direction, a Tube surface is generated under a Surfacemode model of GOCAD, and then the boundary of the stratum surface which needs to be extended through an edit function under the Surfacemode model is extended to the Tube surface;
cutting unwanted portions of the formation plane via byprocesses commands;
(6) mesh/solid model building
The construction of the geological grid model is completed by a grid model object (Sgrid) of GOCAD.
4. The method for interpreting true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geology in engineering geology reconnaissance as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step (1), said method for extracting the characteristics of the corrected stereoscopic engineering geology image by the characteristic extraction program and generating the characteristic data comprises:
1) dividing an image into a plurality of blocks, each of the blocks comprising a plurality of cells;
2) converting each of the cells from the spatial domain to the frequency domain: performing Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) on each cell, and performing Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT);
3) extracting directional gradient Histogram (HOG) features of the image in the frequency domain:
① calculating the gradient size and gradient direction of each cell in the frequency domain to obtain a descriptor of each cell;
② counting each descriptor in each block in the frequency domain to obtain the HOG characteristic of each block;
③ adjusting the HOG features of each block in the image from an initial L x 1 dimensional vector to a matrix of M x N, each block comprising M x N pixels, L x N;
④ obtaining the HOG feature of the image according to the adjusted HOG feature of each block and the corresponding position of each block in the image.
5. The method for interpreting true three-dimensional airborne remote sensing geology in engineering geological surveys as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that in step (2), said analysis of the obtained borehole and log distribution and data obtained from it, vectorization of geological profiles to form ascII files, input into Gocad to form three-dimensional geological surfaces, modeling the research area according to the stratigraphic fluctuation, pinch-out, etc. provided by it, increasing the modeling accuracy.
6. The method for interpreting geology in true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing in engineering geological surveys as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step four, said storing method further comprises:
establishing a spatial grid system, wherein the spatial grid system comprises 2 n-level grids, and the method for establishing the spatial grid system comprises the following steps: taking each region with longitude interval of 1 degree and latitude interval of 1 degree as a reference grid in the earth geographic range, taking the reference grid as a 9 th-level grid of a spatial grid system, respectively generating 8 th-1 st-level grids of the spatial grid system by sequentially aggregating upward quadtrees of the reference grid, and respectively generating 10 th-2 n th-level grids of the spatial grid system by sequentially dividing downward quadtrees of the reference grid; the L-level grid is a level one in the spatial grid system, and n is an integer greater than 3;
after receiving the remote sensing image, establishing grid indexes of 1 st to L th grids corresponding to the remote sensing image according to the space grid system, wherein the grid indexes are one-dimensional codes of all the grids.
7. The method for true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation in engineering geological survey according to claim 1, wherein in step four, said extending said remote sensing image outward to the L-th mesh edge adjacent to said remote sensing image edge comprises:
determining four corner coordinates of the remote sensing image;
determining an L-level grid where four corners of the remote sensing image are located as a corner grid according to the corner coordinates;
and determining the corner grids and the area within the corner grids as an updating area, and extending the remote sensing image to the edge of the updating area.
8. A true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation system in engineering geological survey applying the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological survey as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation system in engineering geological survey comprises:
the remote sensing image acquisition module is connected with the main control module and is used for acquiring engineering geological images through a remote sensing detector;
the remote sensing image processing module is connected with the main control module and used for processing the acquired engineering geological image through a remote sensing image processing program to generate a three-dimensional engineering geological image file;
the main control module is connected with the remote sensing image acquisition module, the remote sensing image processing module, the image correction module, the three-dimensional model construction module, the model rendering module, the interpretation module, the image storage module, the communication module and the display module and is used for controlling each module to normally work through the main controller;
the image correction module is connected with the main control module and is used for correcting the three-dimensional engineering geological image through a correction program;
the three-dimensional model building module is connected with the main control module and used for building an engineering geological three-dimensional model by utilizing the corrected three-dimensional engineering geological image through modeling software;
the model rendering module is connected with the main control module and used for rendering the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a rendering program;
the interpretation module is connected with the main control module and used for establishing a three-dimensional visual interpretation environment based on stereo analysis through an interpretation program and interpreting the engineering geological model;
the image storage module is connected with the main control module and used for storing the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through a memory;
the communication module is connected with the main control module and is used for carrying out wireless transmission of data in a wireless communication mode of WIFI/GPRS;
and the display module is connected with the main control module and used for displaying the engineering geological image, the three-dimensional engineering geological image file and the engineering geological three-dimensional model through the display.
9. An information data processing terminal for implementing the true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation method in engineering geological survey according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of true three-dimensional aerial remote sensing geological interpretation in an engineering geological survey according to any of claims 1 to 7.
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