CN111200404A - 线性度改善***及线性度改善方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种线性度改善***及线性度改善方法。线性度改善***包括信号耦合电路、降频电路及转换电路。信号耦合电路用于耦合部分的输入射频信号。降频电路耦接于信号耦合电路。降频电路用于将输入射频信号降至基带,以输出调制信号。转换电路耦接于降频电路。转换电路用于调整调制信号的相位及功率。输入射频信号及调整后的调制信号输入至放大器电路后,放大器电路输出输出射频信号。
Description
技术领域
本公开是有关于一种线性度改善***及线性度改善方法。
背景技术
因应5G时代的来临,为了要达成更高的传输数据量,调制信号的频率宽度必须由LTE的20MHz,进一步提升至100MHz以上更宽的传输带宽。一般而言,功率放大器的输出功率增加时,传输效率虽然有效增加,但信号失真程度也变得严重。基站的功率放大器需要极低的信号失真程度,通常是通过功率回馈(power back-off)技术来达到此目标。然而,此时的功率放大器的效率不佳。
线性度可以反应信号失真程度,若能够较有效改善线性度,将可获得更大的输出功率与效率。尤其是因应5G的宽带时代的来临,更需开发新的宽带线性改善技术。
发明内容
本公开有关于一种线性度改善***及线性度改善方法,其利用调制信号注入机制,使得传输宽带信号时,可以改善放大器电路的线性度。
根据本公开的一个实施例,提出一种线性度改善***。线性度改善***包括信号耦合电路(coupler)、降频电路(down converter)及转换电路(transformer)。信号耦合电路用于耦合部分的输入射频信号。降频电路耦接于信号耦合电路。降频电路用于将输入射频信号降至基带,以输出调制信号。转换电路耦接于降频电路。转换电路用于调整调制信号的相位及功率。输入射频信号及调整后的调制信号输入至放大器电路后,放大器电路输出输出射频信号。
根据本公开的另一实施例,提出一种线性度改善方法。线性度改善方法包括以下步骤。耦合部分的输入射频信号,将输入射频信号降至基带,以输出调制信号。调整调制信号的相位及功率。输入射频信号及调整后的调制信号输入至放大器电路后,输出输出射频信号。
为了对本公开的上述及其他方面有更佳的了解,下文特举实施例,并配合所附附图详细说明如下:
附图说明
图1图示了线性度曲线的改善情况的示意图。
图2图示了根据一个实施例的线性度改善***的示意图。
图3图示了根据一个实施例的线性度改善方法的流程图。
图4A~4C说明信号调制的过程。
图5图示了根据另一实施例的线性度改善***的示意图。
图6图示了根据一个实施例的可调式衰减器的示意图。
图7图示了根据一个实施例的降频电路的示意图。
图8A图示了根据一个实施例的负群时延器的示意图。
图8B图示了根据一个实施例的负群时延器的示意图。
图9图示了放大器电路的示意图。
图10图示了根据另一实施例的线性度改善***的示意图。
图11图示了根据一个实施例的低通滤波器电路的示意图。
具体实施方式
本公开提出各种实施例来提升功率放大器的线性度。如图1所示,其图示了线性度曲线的改善情况的示意图。如线性度曲线C1所示,线性度与输出功率呈现负相关,输出功率越高,线性度越低。因此,在线性度规范TH之下,线性度曲线C1最佳仅能达到点A的输出功率。经过本公开的改良,线性度曲线C2的线性度恶化的情况可以有效改善。因此,在线性度规范TH下,线性度曲线C2最佳可以达到点B的输出功率。
请参照图2,其图示了根据一个实施例的线性度改善***100的示意图。线性度改善***100包括信号耦合电路(coupler)110、降频电路(down converter)120及转换电路(transformer)130。信号耦合电路110耦合输入射频信号RF_IN。降频电路120耦接于信号耦合电路110。转换电路130耦接于降频电路120。放大器电路900耦接于转换电路130及信号耦合电路110,以输出输出射频信号RF_OUT。以下搭配流程图说明各项组件的运作。
请参照图3,其图示了根据一个实施例的线性度改善方法的流程图。首先,在步骤S110中,信号耦合电路110耦合部分的输入射频信号RF_IN后。在此实施例中,信号耦合电路110用于提供0度相位信号与180度相位信号。
接着,在步骤S120中,降频电路120将输入射频信号RF_IN降至基带,以输出调制信号RF_M。在本实施例中,所采用的信号耦合电路110与降频电路120可以减少宽带调制信号的损耗,与一般功率检测器不同。
然后,在步骤S130中,转换电路130调整调制信号RF_M的相位及功率。输入射频信号RF_IN及调整后的调制信号RF_M输入至放大器电路900后,放大器电路900输出上述的输出射频信号RF_OUT。在本实施例中,转换电路130包括负群时延器(negative group delay,NGD)131及基带放大器(baseband amplifier)132。负群时延器131用于调整调制信号RF_M的相位。基带放大器132用于调整调制信号RF_M的功率。在本实施例中,降频电路120、负群时延器131、及基带放大器132依序耦接,而先进行相位的调整,再进行功率的调整。在另一实施例中,也可以是降频电路120、基带放大器132、及负群时延器131依序耦接,而先进行功率的调整,再进行相位的调整。
放大器电路900包括偏压电路(bias circuit)910及放大器920。输入射频信号RF_IN及调制信号RF_M输入至放大器电路900后,输出射频信号RF_OUT的线性度能够较有效提升。
请参照图4A~4C,其说明信号调制的过程。图2的节点(a)输入图4A的混合双频的信号S1、S2时,利用信号耦合电路110将信号S1、S2少量耦合至降频电路120,再经由降频电路120降至基带。此时在图2的节点(b)可产生如于图4B的结果(即信号S1、S2、S3)。接着,通过负群时延器131及基带放大器132将信号S1、S2、S3由图2的节点(b’)注入至放大器电路900的偏压电路910之中。通过负群时延器131与基带放大器132的设计,可以调整适合的相位与功率。放大器电路900具有非线性的特性,于输出端与频率ω1的信号S1、频率ω2的信号S2交互调制而在图2的节点(c)产生频率2ω1-ω2的信号S4’与频率2ω2-ω1的信号S5’,以抑制频率2ω1-ω2的信号S4与频率2ω2-ω1的信号S5。如此一来,信号S1、S2不会受到信号S4、S5的干扰,而可较有效提升了线性度。
因此,通过上述实施例的线性度改善***100及线性度改善方法,在传输宽带信号时可以改善功率放大器电路900的线性度。
上述实施例使用模拟电路架构,相较于数字的失真现象,上述实施例能够减少直流功率消耗,且实现成本较低。
此外,上述实施例在传输混合双频信号时,可有效改善其三阶谐波失真。尤其是在传输宽带信号(例如是40,100MHz LTE)时,可以有效抑制其邻道泄漏功率(ACLR)。
请参照图5,其图示了根据另一实施例的线性度改善***200的示意图。在此实施例中,线性度改善***200的信号耦合电路210包括电解质电容器211、可调式衰减器(tunable attenuator)212及平衡-不平衡转换器(balun)213。电解质电容器211接收输入射频信号RF_IN。可调式衰减器212耦接于电解质电容器211。平衡-不平衡转换器213耦接于可调式衰减器212。图5的实施例所描述的信号耦合电路210仅为本公开的其中一种实施方式,并非用于局限本公开的范围。
更详细来说,请参照图6,其图示了根据一个实施例的可调式衰减器212的示意图。可调式衰减器212例如是由多个电阻、二极管、电容所组成,通过可调式电压Vtune的调整,可以实现可调整信号大小的功能。然而,图6的可调式衰减器212仅为本公开的其中一种实施方式,并非用于局限本公开的范围。
平衡-不平衡转换器213又称为单端转差动平衡电路,例如是由两组九十度耦合器所组成。
请参照图7,其图示了根据一个实施例的降频电路120的示意图。降频电路120例如是由多个晶体管、电阻所组成。降频电路120又可称为降频转换器、向下变换器(downconvertor)。降频电路120通过电压VE1、VE2、VB1、VB2的输入,实现将信号降至基带的功能。然而,图7的降频电路120仅为本公开的其中一种实施方式,并非用于局限本公开的范围。
请参照图8A,其图示了根据一个实施例的负群时延器131的示意图。负群时延器131例如是由多个电阻、电感、电容组成。负群时延器131例如是滤波器的形式,目的在于产生与邻近信道功率信号相位相反的信号。通过适当的电路设计,负群时延器131可以在某一特定频率范围内,使相位与频率的关系呈现正相关。然而,图8A的负群时延器131仅为本公开的其中一种实施方式,并非用于局限本公开的范围。
请参照图8B,其图示了根据一个实施例的负群时延器131’的示意图。负群时延器131’例如是由多个电阻、电感组成。通过适当的电路设计,可以在某一特定频率范围内,使相位与频率的关系呈现正相关。然而,图8B的负群时延器131’仅为本公开的其中一种实施方式,并非用于局限本公开的范围。
基带放大器132的目的则为产生与邻近信道功率信号大小相等的信号。
请参照图9,其图示了放大器电路900的示意图。放大器电路900的偏压电路910及放大器920例如是由多个晶体管、二极管、电感、电容、电阻组成。输入射频信号RF_IN输入至放大器电路900后,通过输入至偏压电路910的调制信号RF_M的辅助,将输入射频信号RF_IN放大为输出射频信号RF_OUT。如此一来,输出射频信号RF_OUT的线性度能够较有效提升。
请参照图10,其图示了根据另一实施例的线性度改善***300的示意图。在本实施例中,线性度改善***300还包括低通滤波器电路(low pass filter)340。低通滤波器电路(low pass filter)340耦接于降频电路120及转换电路130的负群时延器131之间。低通滤波器电路340用于滤除高频的信号。举例来说,请参照图4B,滤波曲线LPF表示滤波范围,经过低通滤波器电路340之后,仅保留频率2(ω2-ω1)以下的信号。如此一来,后续交互调制过程可以更有效率,而不会受到过多高频信号的干扰。
详细来说,请参照图11,其图示了根据一个实施例的低通滤波器电路340的示意图。低通滤波器电路340例如是由多个电感、电容组成。通过适当的电路设计,低通滤波器电路340可以滤除高于某一参考频率的高频的信号。
通过上述各种实施例的线性度改善***100、200、300、及信号控制方法,提出一种调制信号注入机制,其利用将输入射频信号RF_IN耦合至线性度改善***100、200、300中,并利用线性度改善***100、200、300产生的调制信号RF_M,注回放大器电路900的偏压电路910中,藉以产生相同大小、相位相反的信号,并与原信号产生混波。如此一来,能够有效抑制三阶调制项或邻道泄露功率,改善放大器电路900的线性度。
综上所述,虽然本公开已以实施例公开如上,然其并非用于限定本公开。本公开所属技术领域中具有通常知识者,在不脱离本公开的精神和范围内,当可作各种的改动与润饰。因此,本公开的保护范围当视后附的权利要求所确定的保护范围为准。
【符号说明】
100:线性度改善***
110:信号耦合电路
120:降频电路
130:转换电路
131、131’:负群时延器
132:基带放大器
200:线性度改善***
210:信号耦合电路
211:电解质电容器
212:可调式衰减器
213:平衡-不平衡转换器
300:线性度改善***
340:低通滤波器电路
900:放大器电路
910:偏压电路
920:放大器
A、B:点
C1、C2:线性度曲线
LPF:滤波曲线
RF_IN:输入射频信号
RF_M:调制信号
RF_OUT:输出射频信号
S1、S2、S3、S4、S4’、S5、S5’、S6、S7:信号
S110、S120、S130:步骤
TH:线性度规范
Vtune:可调式电压
VB1、VB2、VE1、VE2:电压
ω1、ω2、2ω1-ω2、2ω2-ω1、2ω2、2ω1、2(ω2-ω1):频率(a)、(b)、(b’)、(c):节点
Claims (11)
1.一种线性度改善***,其特征在于该线性度改善***包括:
信号耦合电路,用于耦合部分的输入射频信号;
降频电路,耦接于该信号耦合电路,该降频电路用于将该输入射频信号降至基带,以输出调制信号;以及
转换电路,耦接于该降频电路,该转换电路用于调整该调制信号的相位及功率,其中该输入射频信号及调整后的该调制信号输入至放大器电路后,该放大器电路输出输出射频信号。
2.如权利要求1所述的线性度改善***,其中该信号耦合电路用于提供0度相位信号与180度相位信号。
3.如权利要求1所述的线性度改善***,其中该转换电路包括:
负群时延器,用于调整该调制信号的相位;以及
基带放大器,用于调整该调制信号的功率。
4.如权利要求3所述的线性度改善***,其中该负群时延器耦接于该降频电路,该基带放大器耦接于该负群时延器。
5.如权利要求3所述的线性度改善***,其中该基带放大器耦接于该降频电路,该负群时延器耦接于该基带放大器。
6.如权利要求1所述的线性度改善***,其中该信号耦合电路包括:
电解质电容器,接收该输入射频信号;
可调式衰减器,耦接于该电解质电容器;以及
平衡-不平衡转换器,耦接于该可调式衰减器。
7.如权利要求1所述的线性度改善***,还包括:
低通滤波器电路,耦接于该降频电路及该转换电路之间。
8.一种线性度改善方法,其特征在于该线性度改善方法包括:
耦合部分的输入射频信号;
将该输入射频信号降至基带,以输出调制信号;以及
调整该调制信号的相位及功率,
其中该输入射频信号及调整后的该调制信号输入至放大器电路后,输出输出射频信号。
9.如权利要求8所述的线性度改善方法,其中在调整该调制信号的相位及功率的步骤中,是先调整该调制信号的相位,再调整该调制信号的功率。
10.如权利要求8所述的线性度改善方法,其中在调整该调制信号的相位及功率的步骤中,是先调整该调制信号的功率,再调整该调制信号的相位。
11.如权利要求8所述的线性度改善方法,还包括:
用低通滤波器电路,滤波该调制信号。
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US20200162042A1 (en) | 2020-05-21 |
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