CN111197141B - Control method for fine powder rate of FeV50 alloy - Google Patents
Control method for fine powder rate of FeV50 alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN111197141B CN111197141B CN202010108009.XA CN202010108009A CN111197141B CN 111197141 B CN111197141 B CN 111197141B CN 202010108009 A CN202010108009 A CN 202010108009A CN 111197141 B CN111197141 B CN 111197141B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
- C22C27/025—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum alloys based on vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the fine powder rate of FeV50 alloy, which belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and comprises the steps of smelting, cooling and crushing, wherein the cooling comprises the following steps: a, standing and cooling molten slag gold prepared by smelting until the alloy is in a semi-solidification state, and then separating smelting waste slag and the alloy; b, performing sand blasting treatment on the alloy, and performing vibration cooling until the alloy is cooled to the melting point of the ferrovanadium solid solution, and stopping vibration; c, water quenching the alloy to normal temperature. On the basis of the traditional cooling and crushing process, the method can increase the formation of fine grains, increase the strength of the FeV50 alloy and reduce the component segregation in the alloy solidification process and the fine powder rate in the crushing process by changing the FeV50 alloy solidification mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a control method for the fine powder rate of a FeV50 alloy.
Background
As a vanadium-containing intermediate alloy which is most widely applied in the steel industry, the ferrovanadium alloy mainly takes vanadium oxide as a raw material and is produced by adopting a one-step ferrovanadium smelting process of a straight cylinder furnace or a multi-stage ferrovanadium smelting process of a tilting furnace, a slag-metal mixed phase with smelting slag as an upper layer and molten metal as a lower layer is obtained after the reaction is finished, and the alloy with qualified components can be obtained after the furnace is cooled and split and crushed.
CN104532105A discloses a method for producing ferrovanadium by an electro-aluminothermic process of a large-scale tilting furnace, which adopts a technology combining multi-stage smelting and stepped aluminum distribution, most of slag is removed after the content of vanadium in the slag is reduced to a certain level, then repeated operations of multi-stage feeding and slag discharging are carried out, and the ferrovanadium is obtained after the last stage smelting, the ferrovanadium is simultaneously discharged out and cast into an ingot mold and cooled. CN106282564A discloses a blowing refining method for smelting ferrovanadium, which comprises blowing part of aluminum powder required in the smelting of the furnace into a rotating smelting furnace body through a spray gun at the last stage of smelting in a refining agent mode for blowing refining operation, and after the refining is finished, standing and cooling the furnace body, water quenching an alloy cake and crushing to obtain the ferrovanadium. CN106011601A discloses an external refining method for smelting ferrovanadium, which comprises two-stage electric furnace smelting, casting the primary molten alloy after slag discharge into an ingot mould filled with a refining material for mixing reaction after the smelting is finished, carrying out external refining, and naturally cooling when the content of total vanadium in slag is less than 1.50% to prepare ferrovanadium.
Although the existing ferrovanadium alloy production process can prepare ferrovanadium alloy, the problems of poor alloy component uniformity, high fine powder rate and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the fine powder rate of the existing FeV50 alloy is high.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems comprises the following steps: the method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy comprises the steps of smelting, cooling and crushing, wherein the cooling comprises the following steps:
a, standing and cooling molten slag gold prepared by smelting until the alloy is in a semi-solidification state, and then separating smelting waste slag and the alloy;
b, performing sand blasting treatment on the alloy, and performing vibration cooling until the alloy is cooled to the melting point of the ferrovanadium solid solution, and stopping vibration;
c, water quenching the alloy to normal temperature.
In the method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy, in the step a, the diameter-height ratio of the alloy is 4-8: 1.
in the method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy, the relationship between the cooling time and the weight of the molten slag gold in the step a is that the cooling time per 0.6-1.0 ton of slag gold is 1 h.
In the step b, the vibration frequency is 5-20 Hz, and the amplitude is 0.5-1.5 cm.
In the method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy, the vibration cooling adopts a mode of alternately vibrating and standing, wherein the ratio of the vibration time to the standing time is 1: 4 to 8.
In the method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy, in the step b, the melting point of the ferrovanadium solid solution is 600-1000 ℃.
In the step c, the weight ratio of the alloy to water in water quenching is 5-20: 1.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, on the basis of the traditional cooling and crushing process, by changing the solidification mode of the FeV50 alloy, the formation of fine grains can be increased, the strength of the FeV50 alloy is increased, and the component macrosegregation in the alloy solidification process and the fine powder rate in the crushing process are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a binary phase diagram of Fe-V according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The traditional cooling mode is to perform slag-metal separation and water quenching after the molten slag-metal in the ingot mould is cooled to be completely solidified after smelting, but the cooling time for completely solidifying the alloy is longer, the main measurement index is the standing cooling time, the temperature of the surface and the core of the alloy is uncertain, and meanwhile, the alloy does not require specific parameters in the later water quenching process, so that the composition segregation of the alloy in the solidifying process is easy to cause, and the fine powder rate in the crushing process is influenced.
According to the invention, the alloy before the disassembly of the furnace is solidified to a semi-solidification state by controlling the standing and cooling time, the crystal structure of the alloy in the re-solidification process is improved by adopting a vibration cooling mode after the disassembly of the furnace, and then the alloy is quenched to normal temperature, so that the formation of coarse crystals is reduced, and the component macro-segregation in the alloy solidification process and the fine powder rate in the crushing process are reduced. The binary phase diagram of the ferrovanadium alloy of the invention is shown in figure 1.
Specifically, the method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy comprises the steps of smelting, cooling and crushing, wherein the cooling comprises the following steps:
a, standing and cooling molten slag gold prepared by smelting until the alloy is in a semi-solidification state, and then separating smelting waste slag and the alloy;
b, performing sand blasting treatment on the alloy, and performing vibration cooling until the alloy is cooled to the melting point of the ferrovanadium solid solution, and stopping vibration;
c, water quenching the alloy to normal temperature.
The smelting equipment adopted by the method is cylindrical smelting equipment which takes a magnesium refractory material as an inner lining and takes an iron plate as an outer sheath, wherein the ratio of the diameter to the height of an alloy cake in the equipment is 4-8: 1.
the semi-solidified alloy in the step a is a vanadium-iron solid-liquid mixture with a solidified solid solution on the outer surface and a molten alloy liquid inside. The alloy is cooled to a semi-solidification state before the furnace is dismantled, mainly for controlling crystal transformation and phase transformation in the later alloy solidification process, and if the alloy is in a complete solidification state, slag and gold separation cannot be effectively realized; if the solidification state is complete, the control means for the subsequent crystal transformation and phase transformation will be ineffective.
The standing and cooling time in the step a is based on the weight of the molten slag metal, specifically, the cooling time per 0.6 to 1.0 ton of slag metal is 1 hour, for example, the weight of the slag metal is 2 tons, and the cooling time is 2 to 3.3 hours.
And the sand blasting treatment in the step b mainly aims to perform surface finishing and remove residual waste slag on the surface of the alloy.
The vibration of the invention is intermittent vibration, and the intermittent vibration mode is mainly considered from the energy consumption, the complete solidification process of the semi-solidified alloy is longer, the crystallization process and the crystal form transformation are slower, if the vibration operation energy consumption is increased all the time, the intermittent vibration can improve the crystal form structure of the alloy solidification process and reduce the vibration energy consumption on the basis of increasing the alloy solidification defects. The vibration parameters have great influence on the alloy solidification effect, and the corresponding effect can be achieved only under the vibration parameters of the invention. Specifically, the vibration in the step b has the frequency of 5-20 Hz and the amplitude of 0.5-1.5 cm; the vibration cooling adopts a mode of alternately vibrating and standing, wherein the ratio of the vibration time to the standing time is 1: 4 to 8.
And c, taking the surface temperature of the alloy as a reference value, wherein the melting point of the ferrovanadium solid solution in the step b is 600-1000 ℃.
Before water quenching, the main measurement index is the temperature of the alloy (solid solution), and the cooling rate in the water quenching process is determined by the weight ratio of the alloy to water, so that the certainty and controllability of the product quality in the water quenching process are improved. Specifically, the weight ratio of the alloy to water in water quenching is 5-20: 1.
the crushing is to transfer the alloy cake quenched to normal temperature to a crushing station, carry out graded crushing on the cooled alloy by adopting mechanical crushing equipment, and obtain a FeV50 alloy product with qualified size by screening (the size of the crushed FeV50 alloy is determined by national standard, and the qualified radial size range is 1-5 cm); the mechanical crushing equipment comprises coarse crushing equipment and final crushing equipment, wherein the coarse crushing equipment is a drop hammer crusher or a drilling type crusher, and the final crushing equipment is a jaw crusher.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
And after the thermal reduction reaction is finished, obtaining molten slag gold with the height ratio of the alloy cake diameter in the reaction vessel being 4: 1. And transported to a cooling zone. Naturally standing and cooling the mixture according to the cooling time of 1.0 ton of slag metal/h before furnace disassembly, and disassembling the furnace after the cooling time is reached to obtain upper-layer smelting slag and lower-layer semi-solidified alloy cakes. And timely carrying out impurity removal and finishing operations on the surface of the alloy cake by using sand blasting equipment, carrying out vibration operation on the alloy cake for 1min under the conditions that the vibration frequency is 5Hz and the amplitude is 0.5cm, standing for 8min, then repeatedly carrying out vibration cooling and standing cooling operations until the temperature of the alloy surface is reduced to 600 ℃, rapidly conveying the alloy cake to a water quenching tank for water quenching, wherein the weight ratio of alloy to water in the water quenching tank is 5: 1. and then, carrying out grading crushing on the completely cooled alloy cake by adopting mechanical crushing equipment, and screening to obtain a FeV50 alloy product with qualified size and fine powder.
Through the operation, the vanadium iron alloy fine powder rate is 15.5%, the deviation of the mass fraction of vanadium at the edge and in the alloy is 0.8%, and the primary qualified rate of the product is 82.0%.
Example 2
And after the thermal reduction reaction is finished, obtaining molten slag gold with the height ratio of the alloy cake diameter in the reaction vessel being 6: 1. And transported to a cooling zone. Naturally standing and cooling the mixture according to the cooling time of 0.8 ton of slag metal/h before furnace disassembly, and disassembling the furnace after the cooling time is reached to obtain upper-layer smelting slag and lower-layer semi-solidified alloy cakes. And timely carrying out impurity removal and finishing operations on the surface of the alloy cake by adopting sand blasting equipment, carrying out vibration operation on the alloy cake for 1min under the conditions that the vibration frequency is 10Hz and the amplitude is 1.0cm, standing for 6min, then repeatedly carrying out vibration cooling and standing cooling operations until the temperature of the alloy surface is reduced to 800 ℃, rapidly conveying the alloy cake to a water quenching tank for water quenching, wherein the weight ratio of alloy to water in the water quenching tank is 10: 1. and then, carrying out grading crushing on the completely cooled alloy cake by adopting mechanical crushing equipment, and screening the crushed ferrovanadium alloy to obtain a FeV80 alloy product with qualified size.
Through the operation, the vanadium iron alloy fine powder rate is 11.6%, the deviation of the mass fraction of vanadium at the edge and in the alloy is 0.8%, and the primary qualified rate of the product is 86.5%.
Example 3
And after the thermal reduction reaction is finished, obtaining molten slag gold with the height ratio of the alloy cake diameter in the reaction vessel being 8: 1. And transported to a cooling zone. Naturally standing and cooling the mixture according to the cooling time of 0.6 ton of slag metal/h before furnace disassembly, and disassembling the furnace after the cooling time is reached to obtain upper-layer smelting slag and lower-layer semi-solidified alloy cakes. And timely carrying out impurity removal and finishing operations on the surface of the alloy cake by using sand blasting equipment, carrying out vibration operation on the alloy cake for 1min under the conditions that the vibration frequency is 20Hz and the amplitude is 1.5cm, standing for 4min, then repeating the vibration cooling and standing cooling operations until the temperature of the alloy surface is reduced to 1000 ℃, rapidly conveying the alloy cake to a water quenching tank for water quenching, wherein the weight ratio of alloy to water in the water quenching tank is 20: 1. and then, carrying out grading crushing on the completely cooled alloy cake by adopting mechanical crushing equipment, and screening the crushed ferrovanadium alloy to obtain a FeV80 alloy product with qualified size.
Through the operation, the vanadium iron alloy fine powder rate is 8.3%, the deviation of the mass fraction of vanadium at the edge and in the alloy is 0.8%, and the primary qualified rate of the product is 90.5%.
Comparative example 1
After the thermal reduction reaction is finished, molten slag gold with the height ratio of the alloy cake diameter in the reaction vessel of 4:1 is obtained. Rapidly transferring the molten slag metal to a cooling area, controlling the cooling time according to 1.0 ton of slag metal/h, directly disassembling the furnace after the cooling time is reached, directly conveying the furnace to a water quenching tank for water quenching after the furnace is disassembled, wherein the weight ratio of alloy to water in the water quenching tank is 5: 1. and then, carrying out grading crushing on the completely cooled alloy cake by adopting mechanical crushing equipment, and screening the crushed ferrovanadium alloy to obtain a FeV50 alloy product with qualified size and fine powder.
Through the operation, the vanadium iron alloy fine powder rate is 21.2%, the deviation of the mass fraction of vanadium at the edge and in the alloy is 2.1%, and the primary qualified rate of the product is 73.5%.
Claims (5)
- The method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy comprises the steps of smelting, cooling and crushing, and is characterized in that the cooling comprises the following steps:a, standing and cooling molten slag gold prepared by smelting until the alloy is in a semi-solidification state, and then separating smelting waste slag and the alloy; the semi-solidified alloy is a vanadium-iron solid-liquid mixture with solidified solid solution on the outer surface and molten alloy liquid inside;b, performing sand blasting treatment on the alloy, and performing vibration cooling until the alloy is cooled to the melting point of the ferrovanadium solid solution, and stopping vibration; the vibration frequency is 5-20 Hz, and the amplitude is 0.5-1.5 cm; the vibration cooling adopts a mode of alternately vibrating and standing, wherein the ratio of the vibration time to the standing time is 1: 4-8;c, water quenching the alloy to normal temperature.
- 2. The method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step a, the diameter-height ratio of the alloy is 4-8: 1.
- 3. the method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step a, the relation between the cooling time and the weight of the molten slag gold is that the cooling time per 0.6-1.0 ton of slag gold is 1 h.
- 4. The method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step b, the melting point of the ferrovanadium solid solution is 600-1000 ℃.
- 5. The method for controlling the fine powder rate of the FeV50 alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step c, the weight ratio of the alloy to water in water quenching is 5-20: 1.
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| CN110699554A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-17 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for producing vanadium-rich iron from vanadium-rich slag |
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| CN108165781A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 攀钢集团钒钛资源股份有限公司 | The preparation method of low Mn content Fs eV50 |
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| CN110280727A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-09-27 | 攀钢集团钒钛资源股份有限公司 | Large size tumble furnace smelt FeV80 heat preserving method |
| CN110699554A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-17 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for producing vanadium-rich iron from vanadium-rich slag |
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