CN111189635B - Electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test - Google Patents
Electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test Download PDFInfo
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- CN111189635B CN111189635B CN202010125633.0A CN202010125633A CN111189635B CN 111189635 B CN111189635 B CN 111189635B CN 202010125633 A CN202010125633 A CN 202010125633A CN 111189635 B CN111189635 B CN 111189635B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/027—Test-benches with force-applying means, e.g. loading of drive shafts along several directions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automation, and relates to an electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for a total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test, which mainly comprises a driving module, a loading module and a performance index detection module; the driving module is divided into a motor driving group, a brush driving group, a coil driving group and a solenoid driving group; the loading module comprises a temperature and humidity control box, a hydrostatic bearing, a torque loading device and an axial force loading device; the sensor integrated block in the performance index detection module and the rotor keep the same height and are positioned at the front end of the rotor coil; the driving module and the performance index detection module are both positioned in the temperature and humidity control box; the test object of the invention is a component rotor of the electric spindle, so that the reliability test of the electric spindle is deeper and more targeted; the invention adopts a full static pressure loading mode, is more stable compared with loading modes such as hydraulic elements, electromagnetism and the like, and has little loss to equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automation, relates to an electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for a total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test, and is applied to an experimental platform for testing and evaluating the reliability of an electric spindle rotor of a numerical control machine tool, in particular to an experimental platform for detecting various indexes such as the temperature, the rotating speed, the vibration and the dynamic balance of the electric spindle rotor of the numerical control machine tool in real time under the total static pressure loading.
Background
The electric spindle is a new technology for integrating the spindle of the machine tool with the spindle motor in the field of numerical control machine tools, which pushes high-speed machining to a new era and has the characteristics of high rotating speed, high precision, low noise and the like. The machine industry is pressing on the need for high precision, high efficiency machine tools, and the electric spindle technology is to be promoted, and methods for electric spindle reliability tests and rotor reliability tests in electric spindles are to be explored.
Many domestic electric spindle manufacturers still carry out factory inspection of products in a no-load operation mode, and the reliability test of the electric spindle rotor is lacking and almost blank. Therefore, the invention provides a reliability test bed for the motorized spindle rotor of the numerical control machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of reliability test of an electric spindle rotor of a digital machine tool, and provides an electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for a total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
The electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for the total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test mainly comprises a driving module 1, a loading module 2 and a performance index detection module 3;
the driving module 1 is divided into four driving groups, namely a motor driving group, a brush driving group, a coil driving group and a solenoid driving group;
The motor driving group is a blank pair group and is directly driven by a motor, a loading device is arranged in the test, and the installed loading device is a motor driving device 1.1; the other three groups of driving groups are provided with two driving devices: the brush driving group is provided with a first brush driving device 1.2 and a second brush driving device 1.3; the coil driving group is provided with a first coil driving device 1.4 and a second coil driving device 1.5; the solenoid driving group is provided with a first solenoid driving device 1.6 and a second solenoid driving device 1.7;
The loading module comprises a hydrostatic bearing 2.2, a torque loading device 2.3 and an axial force loading device 2.4;
the hydrostatic bearing 2.2 is arranged on the rotor rotating shaft; the torque loading device 2.3 is fixed with the extension shaft A2.3e; the axial force loading device 2.4 is fixed with the extension shaft B2.4e, and the extension shaft B2.4e is connected with the extension shaft A2.3e through a coupler and is connected with the rotor rotating shaft;
the sensor integrated block 3.4 in the performance index detection module 3 and the rotor keep the same height, and is positioned at the front end of the rotor coil.
In the technical scheme, the motor driving device 1.1 comprises a motor driving device bracket 1.1a, a driving motor 1.1b and a chuck 1.1c;
The driving motor 1.1b is arranged on the motor driving device bracket 1.1a, the motor driving device bracket 1.1a is fixed on the positioning hole of the bottom plate, and the electric spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor 1.1b through the chuck 1.1 c.
In the technical scheme, the first electric brush driving device 1.2 and the second electric brush driving device 1.3 have the same structure;
The first electric brush driving device 1.2 comprises a permanent magnet 1.2a, a collecting ring 1.2b, a conductor bar 1.2c, an electric brush 1.2d and a wire guide column 1.2g;
The permanent magnets 1.2a are arranged on two sides of the rotor and fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate, the wire posts 1.2g are arranged in the same plane as the collecting ring 1.2b and fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate, and the wires in the wire posts 1.2g are communicated with the electric brushes 1.2 d;
The electric brush 1.2d is attached to the collecting ring 1.2b, the collecting ring 1.2b forms a passage with the rotor coil through the conductor bar 1.2c, and the inner wire of the wire post 1.2g provides stable direct current.
In the technical scheme, the first coil driving device 1.4 and the second coil driving device 1.5 have the same structure;
the first coil driving device 1.4 comprises a coil driving device rear bracket 1.4a, a coil driving device front bracket 1.4b, a fixed winding 1.4c and a fixed coil inner rotor bearing 1.4d;
The coil driving device rear support 1.4a and the coil driving device front support 1.4b are arranged on the positioning holes of the bottom plate, the rotor is arranged on the inner rotor bearing 1.4d of the fixed coil, the lead is led out from the bottom plate and connected to the fixed winding 1.4c, and stable three-phase alternating current is introduced.
In the technical scheme, the first solenoid driving device 1.6 and the second solenoid driving device 1.7 have the same structure;
the first solenoid driving device 1.6 comprises a first solenoid driving device bracket 1.6a, a first chassis 1.6b, a second chassis 1.6c, a third chassis 1.6d and a solenoid 1.6e;
The solenoid driving device support 1.6a is arranged on the positioning hole of the bottom plate, the installation angles of the first chassis 1.6b, the second chassis 1.6c and the third chassis 1.6d are 60 degrees, 6 solenoids 1.6e are uniformly distributed, the rotor is arranged in a rotatable area on the chassis, and a wire is led out from the bottom plate of the test bed and is respectively connected with the spiral lines on the 6 solenoids 1.6 e.
The loading module in the technical scheme also comprises a temperature and humidity control box 2.1, a water tank 2.5 and an oil tank 2.6;
the driving module 1 and the performance index detection module 3 are both positioned in the temperature and humidity control box 2.1;
The hydrostatic bearing 2.2 comprises a hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port 2.2a, a bearing bush 2.2b and a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c;
Four bearing bushes 2.2b are covered on the rotor rotating shaft and are fastened by internal fixing pins, four hydrostatic bearing oil delivery ports 2.2a are respectively connected with a restrictor through the inside of a bottom plate of a test bed by oil delivery pipes, the restrictor is connected with an oil pump through the oil delivery pipes, and the oil pump is finally connected to an oil tank 2.6 through the oil delivery pipes; medium oil in the oil tank 2.6 is sprayed into the hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c through the hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port 2.2a through the oil delivery pipe, the oil pump and the throttle in sequence;
the torque loading device 2.3 comprises an impeller 2.3a, a water outlet 2.3b, a water chamber 2.3c and a water inlet 2.3d
The water chamber 2.3c is fixed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate of the test bed, the impeller 2.3a is connected with the rotor and is arranged in the water chamber 2.3c, the water inlet 2.3d is connected with the restrictor through a water delivery pipe, the restrictor is connected with the water pump through the water delivery pipe, and finally the water pump is connected with the water tank 2.5 through the water delivery pipe; the water outlet 2.3b is directly connected with the water tank 2.5 through a water delivery pipeline;
The axial force loading device 2.4 comprises a loading piece 2.4a, a loading disc 2.4b, an axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c and an axial force loading oil delivery port 2.4d;
The rotor rotating shaft is connected with the loading piece 2.4a, the loading disc 2.4b is arranged outside the loading piece 2.4a, the axial force loading oil delivery port 2.4d is connected with a throttle through an oil delivery conduit through the inside of a bottom plate of the test bed, the throttle is connected with an oil pump through an oil delivery pipeline, and the oil pump is connected with the oil tank 2.6 through the oil delivery pipeline;
The loading piece 2.4a enters the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c, and oil in the oil tank 2.6 is sprayed into the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c through the axial force loading oil inlet 2.4d sequentially through the oil conveying pipe, the oil pump and the restrictor.
The performance index detection module in the technical scheme comprises a sensor integrated block 3.4, a motion device and a control host 3.6;
the sensor integrated block 3.4 comprises a sliding block 3.4a and a sensor integrated box 3.4b;
The motion device comprises a servo motor 3.1, a servo motor bracket 3.2, a screw rod 3.3 and a screw rod bracket 3.5;
The temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the vibration sensor and the dynamic balance sensor are integrally arranged in a sensor integration box 3.4b, the sensor integration box (3.4 b) is arranged on a sliding block 3.4a, the sliding block 3.4a is arranged on a lead screw 3.3, one end of the lead screw 3.3 is connected with a servo motor 3.1, the other end of the lead screw is arranged on a lead screw bracket 3.5, and the lead screw 3.3 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the servo motor 3.1; the servo motor 3.1 is connected with a control host 3.6.
The specific methods of the four different driving modes in the technical scheme are as follows:
1. The motor driving group is realized by the following steps: and a driving motor is arranged on the bracket and fixed on the test bed, a rotating shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotor through a chuck, and the driving motor drives the rotor to rotate.
2. The brush driving group is realized by the following steps: the bottom of the rotor is provided with a conductor bar and a collector ring which are communicated with the coil of the rotor to form a loop. Permanent magnets are arranged at two sides of the rotor and fixed on the test bed to provide a stable magnetic field; the electric brush is used for supplying direct current, the current in the rotor coil is acted by a magnetic field, the coil is stressed to start the rotor, and the current direction in the rotor coil is continuously changed along with the rotation of the rotor, so that the rotor is stably rotated.
3. The coil driving set is realized by the following steps: the periphery of the rotor is provided with three-phase winding coils, the rotor is placed on a bearing in the coils, three-phase alternating current is fed into the peripheral fixed winding, so that the peripheral fixed winding generates a stable rotating magnetic field, the coil of the rotor generates induced current, the induced current is acted by the peripheral rotating magnetic field, the rotor is stressed to start, and the rotor stably rotates when the peripheral fixed winding is fed with the stable three-phase alternating current.
4. The implementation mode of the solenoid driving group is as follows: the two ends of the chassis are provided with conductor bars, wires are wound on the conductor bars to form solenoids, the central axes of the 3 chassis are overlapped and combined together, 6 solenoids are uniformly distributed at 60 degrees, the assembled chassis assembly is fixed on a test bed by a bracket, and the central axes of the rotor are overlapped with the chassis assembly and connected. The current direction of the group of solenoids is different, opposite magnetic poles are generated, each chassis and the solenoids form a magnet, the electrified chassis is quickly changed at a certain frequency, a stable rotating magnetic field is formed, the rotating magnetic field enables the rotor coil to generate induced current, the induced current is acted by the rotating magnetic field, the rotor is stressed and started, the current introduced by the chassis is stably changed, and the rotor is stably rotated.
The implementation mode of the temperature and humidity control part in the technical scheme is as follows: the temperature and humidity control box is arranged on the test bed, each test group is positioned in the temperature and humidity control box for testing, the temperature and humidity of the environment where the test group is positioned can be changed through the control host, and different extreme working scenes can be simulated.
The implementation mode of the radial force loading part in the technical scheme is as follows: the static pressure bearing is arranged on the rotor rotating shaft, the static pressure bearing is fixed on the test bed through a support, an oil delivery port on the bearing is connected with the oil pump and the oil tank through a guide pipe, the oil pump pumps medium in the oil tank into the static pressure bearing, the four oil delivery ports can be respectively or simultaneously opened, static pressure is accumulated in an oil cavity of the bearing, the direction of the static pressure is radially formed on the bearing, the direction of the static pressure can be changed through opening of different oil inlets, the oil inlet amount and the speed are changed, the static pressure is changed, and the pressure and the direction are fed back to the control host in real time, so that the radial static pressure loading is realized.
The implementation mode of the axial force loading part in the technical scheme is as follows: the end of the extension shaft is provided with a loading plate, the axial force loading extension shaft is connected with the torque loading extension shaft through a coupler, the outer part of the loading plate is provided with a loading disc, an oil outlet and an oil inlet of the loading disc are connected with an oil pump and an oil tank through a guide pipe, the loading disc is fully closed during operation, medium oil is sprayed into the loading disc through the oil inlet, and the axial force loading is formed on the loading plate in the oil cavity, so that the axial force loading of the rotating shaft is realized.
The torque loading part is realized by the following steps: the impeller is arranged on the extension shaft, the extension shaft is connected with the rotor rotating shaft through the coupling, the impeller is arranged in the water chamber, the water chamber is fixed on the test bed through the support, the water inlet and the water outlet of the water chamber are connected with the water tank of the water pump through the guide pipe, the rotor rotates to drive the impeller to rotate, the water inlet is used for injecting high-speed water flow to impact the impeller, torque for preventing the impeller from rotating is generated, torque loading of the rotating shaft is achieved, change of torque is achieved through changing the flow velocity of the water flow, and control feedback is achieved through the control host.
The implementation mode of the performance index monitoring module in the technical scheme is as follows: the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the vibration sensor and the dynamic balance sensor are integrally arranged in a sensor integrated box, the sensor integrated box is arranged on a sliding block, the sliding block is arranged on a lead screw, one end of the lead screw is connected with a servo motor, the other end of the lead screw is arranged on a lead screw bracket, the lead screw is driven to rotate through the rotation of the servo motor, the movement of the sensor integrated block is realized, and detection data are transmitted to a control host.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the reliability test platform of the electric spindle of the existing numerical control machine tool, the reliability test platform has the advantages that the test object is the component rotor of the electric spindle, and the reliability test of the electric spindle is deeper and more targeted.
2. Compared with the existing reliability test method, the test bed adopts a full static pressure loading mode, is more stable than a hydraulic element, an electromagnetic mode and the like, and has little equipment loss.
3. The driving mode of the rotor is not limited to the driving mode in normal operation, but a plurality of novel driving modes are adopted, a plurality of test groups are formed, and the test results are more objective and real through comparison and comparison.
4. The reliability test bed can automatically run for a long time in an unmanned monitoring state, reduces labor intensity, exposes and excites product faults faster, provides practical basic data for reliability evaluation of the electric spindle rotor, and can also be used for screening of the electric spindle rotor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an electric spindle rotor reliability test stand for a total hydrostatic loading integrated physical field test according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a drive module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a load module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a performance index detection module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a motor drive according to the present invention;
FIG. 6a is an isometric view of a brush drive apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a view of brush drive assembly A according to the present invention;
FIG. 7a is an isometric view of a coil drive according to the present invention;
fig. 7B is a view of a coil drive B according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a solenoid actuated group drive apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 9a is a front cross-sectional view of a hydrostatic bearing of a radial force loading portion according to the present invention;
FIG. 9b is a left side cross-sectional view of a hydrostatic bearing of a radial force loading portion according to the present invention;
FIG. 10a is a top view of a torque loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10b is a front view of the torque loading device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an axial force loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an isometric view of a sensor package according to the present invention;
In the figure: 1. a driving module; 1.1, a motor driving device; 1.1a, a motor driving device bracket; 1.1b, driving a motor; 1.1c, chuck; 1.2, a first electric brush driving device; 1.2a, permanent magnets; 1.2b, collecting ring; 1.2c, conductor bars; 1.2d, electric brushes; 1.2e, a rear bracket of the brush driving device; 1.2f, a front bracket of the brush driving device; 1.2g, wire column; 1.3, a second brush driving device; 1.4, a first coil driving device; 1.4a, a coil driving device rear bracket; 1.4b, coil drive front support; 1.4c, fixing windings; 1.4d, rotor bearings; 1.5, a second coil driving device; 1.6, solenoid drive device number one; 1.6a, solenoid driver support; 1.6b, chassis number one; 1.6c, chassis number two; 1.6d, chassis III; 1.6e, solenoid; 1.7, solenoid drive device number two; 2. loading a module; 2.1, a temperature and humidity control box; 2.2, hydrostatic bearings; 2.2a, an oil conveying port of the hydrostatic bearing; 2.2b, bearing bushes; 2.2c, hydrostatic bearing oil chambers; 2.3, a torque loading device; 2.3a, impeller; 2.3b, a water outlet; 2.3c, water chamber; 2.3d, water inlet; 2.3e, extension axis a;2.4, an axial force loading device; 2.4a, loading a sheet; 2.4b, loading a disc; 2.4c, axial force loading oil chamber; 2.4d, loading an oil conveying port by axial force; 2.4e, extension axis B;2.5, a water tank; 2.6, an oil tank; 3. a performance index detection module; 3.1, a servo motor; 3.2, a servo motor bracket; 3.3, a screw rod; 3.4, a sensor integrated block; 3.4a, a slider; 3.4b, sensor integration box; 3.5, a screw rod bracket; and 3.6, controlling the host.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
The invention provides a reliability test bed for loading by static pressure according to actual use conditions of an electric spindle rotor of a numerical control machine tool. The test bed can enable the electric spindle rotor to work continuously under extreme conditions with high strength, not only can test the reliability of the rotor, but also can rapidly expose various problems of the rotor under fatigue work, and provides basic data for the reliability analysis of the rotor.
Under the general condition, the working environment of the electric spindle rotor of the numerical control machine tool can be high temperature and high humidity, the service life of the rotor is shortened, various performances of the electric spindle rotor such as rotating speed, precision and dynamic balance are reduced by using the machine tool with high strength for a long time, the electric spindle rotor generates vibration, the service life of the electric spindle of the machine tool is reduced, and faults occur in production.
In summary, to realize the reliability test of the electric spindle rotor, 3 conditions of long-time automatic operation of the electric spindle rotor, loading of simulated real working conditions, and testing of related performances need to be satisfied. In order to effectively meet the requirements, the test bed comprises a driving module for realizing long-time automatic operation of the electric spindle rotor, a loading module for simulating loading of real working conditions and a performance index detection module for realizing relevant performance test. In order to test the reliability of the motorized spindle rotor in different driving modes, the driving modules are divided into four groups, namely a motor driving group, a coil driving group, a brush driving group and a solenoid driving group. In order to realize the comprehensive loading of the environmental field and the force field, the loading module comprises a temperature and humidity control part, a radial force loading part, an axial force loading part and a torque loading part. In order to realize the high-efficient utilization of the performance index detection module, the performance index detection module comprises a sensor integrated block for detection, a sensor integrated block motion driving mechanism for the movement of the sensor integrated block and a control host for controlling loading conditions and collecting analysis test data. In summary, the specific structure of the motorized spindle rotor reliability test stand provided by the invention is as follows.
The reliability test bed consists of a driving module, a loading module and a performance index detection module.
The driving modules are divided into four driving groups: the motor driving group, the electric brush driving group, the coil driving group and the solenoid driving group, wherein the motor driving group is one in number, the electric brush driving group is two in number, the coil driving group is two in number, and the solenoid driving group is two in number and comprises seven driving devices. The motor driving group is a blank pair group, the motor is used for directly driving, the loading device is arranged in the test, but the loading device is not loaded, blank contrast can be formed between the motor driving group and other driving groups using electromagnetic driving, and the other three driving groups are provided with two driving devices, so that contrast can be formed in the groups, and the experimental result is more objective and accurate.
The loading module is divided into four parts, namely temperature and humidity control, radial force loading, axial force loading and torque loading.
The performance index detection module is divided into a sensor integrated block, a motion device and a control host. The sensor integrated block comprises a sliding block and a sensor integrated box. The motion device comprises a servo motor bracket, a servo motor, a screw rod and a screw rod bracket.
Referring to fig. 1, the electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for the total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test consists of a driving module 1, a loading module 2 and a performance index detection module 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the four different driving groups include a motor driving group, a brush driving group, a coil driving group, and a solenoid driving group;
The motor driving group is a blank pair group, the motor is used for directly driving, the loading device is installed during the test, the installed loading device is motor driving device 1.1, but the loading device is not loaded, blank contrast can be formed between the motor driving group and other driving groups which use electromagnetic driving, and the other three driving groups are provided with two driving devices: the brush driving group is provided with a first brush driving device 1.2 and a second brush driving device 1.3; the coil driving group is provided with a first coil driving device 1.4 and a second coil driving device 1.5; the solenoid driving group is provided with a first solenoid driving device 1.6 and a second solenoid driving device 1.7;
four groups of seven driving devices are arranged on the bottom plate of the test bed side by side and fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate by screws and bolts, all the test devices are positioned in the temperature and humidity control box 2.1, and after the test is started, the temperature and humidity control box is closed.
Seven driving devices are arranged on the bottom plate of the test bed side by side and positioned through positioning holes and fixed by screws and bolts;
The rotor rotating shaft is directly provided with a hydrostatic bearing 2.2; the impeller 2.3a of the torque loading device 2.3 is fixed with the extension shaft through key connection; the loading piece 2.4a of the axial force loading device 2.4 is fixed with the extension shafts through key connection, and each extension shaft is sequentially connected with the rotor rotating shaft through a coupler.
The performance index detection modules 3 are arranged on two sides of the driving module 1, the lead screw 3.3 is positioned above the rotor, the sensor integrated block 3.4 and the rotor basically keep the same height, and the sensor integrated block 3.4 is positioned at the front end of the rotor coil, so that the rotation of the rotor is not influenced when the sensor integrated block 3.4 moves.
The servo motor support 3.2 and the lead screw support 3.5 in the performance index detection module 3 are respectively arranged at two sides of the driving module 1, one end of the lead screw 3.3 is fixed by the lead screw support 3.5, the other end of the lead screw is connected with the servo motor 3.1, the lead screw 3.3 is fixed by the servo motor support 3.2, the lead screw 3.3 is suspended above the driving module 1, the sensor integrated block 3.4 is arranged on the lead screw and basically keeps the same height with the rotor, the lead screw is positioned at the front end of the rotor coil, and the rotation of the rotor is not influenced when the sensor integrated block 3.4 moves.
The temperature and humidity control box is spliced with the bottom plate of the test bed, and is fixedly sealed;
the driving module 1 and the performance index detection module 3 are all positioned in the temperature and humidity control box, and each conduit and each data line are connected with the outside of the temperature and humidity control box from the inside of the bottom plate.
Referring to fig. 5, the motor driving device 1.1 is installed, the driving motor 1.1b is installed on a motor driving device bracket 1.1a, the bracket is fixed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate by screws and bolts, and the electric spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor 1.1b by a chuck 1.1 c.
Referring to fig. 6a and 6b, the brush driving set is installed, taking the first brush driving device 1.2 as an example, the permanent magnets 1.2a are installed on two sides of the rotor, and are fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate by screws and bolts, the conducting wire columns 1.2g are installed on the same plane of the collecting ring 1.2b, and are fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate by screws and bolts, the brushes 1.2d are inserted into the conducting wire columns 1.2g and connected with the inner conducting wire plugs thereof, the brushes 1.2d are attached to the collecting ring 1.2b, the collecting ring 1.2b forms a passage with the rotor coil by the conducting rod 1.2c, and the inner conducting wires of the conducting wire columns 1.2g provide stable direct current.
Referring to fig. 7a and fig. b, the coil driving set is installed, taking the first coil driving device 1.4 as an example, the rear bracket 1.4a of the coil driving device and the front bracket 1.4b of the coil driving device are installed on the positioning hole of the bottom plate by screws and bolts, the rotor is placed on the inner rotor bearing 1.4d of the fixed coil, the lead is led out from the bottom plate, connected to the fixed winding 1.4c, and stable three-phase alternating current is introduced.
Referring to fig. 8, the installation of the solenoid driving set takes a first solenoid driving device 1.6 as an example, a first solenoid driving device bracket 1.6a is installed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate by a screw and a bolt, a first chassis 1.6b and a second chassis 1.6c, the installation angles of a third chassis 1.6d are 60 degrees, 6 solenoids 1.6e are uniformly distributed, a rotor is installed in a rotatable area on the chassis, a wire is led out from a bottom plate of a test bed and is respectively connected with a spiral line on the 6 solenoids 1.6e, and two solenoids on the same chassis are led in current with opposite directions to form a magnet with the solenoids to generate a magnetic field, and the second chassis and the third chassis are the same.
Referring to fig. 3, the loading module is composed of a temperature and humidity control box 2.1, a radial force loading part, a hydrostatic bearing 2.2 combined with a rotating shaft, a torque loading device 2.3, an axial force loading device 2.4, a water tank 2.5 and an oil tank 2.6.
Referring to fig. 3, the hydrostatic bearing 2.2 is mounted on the rotor shaft and supported by a bracket, and the bracket is fixed on the positioning hole of the bottom plate of the test bed by bolts and screws. Referring to fig. 9a and 9b, four bearing bushes 2.2b are covered on a rotor shaft and fastened by internal fixing pins, four hydrostatic bearing oil delivery ports 2.2a are respectively connected with a restrictor by an oil delivery pipe through the inside of a bottom plate of a test bed, the restrictor is connected with an oil pump by the oil delivery pipe, and the oil pump is finally connected to an oil tank 2.5 by the oil delivery pipe.
Referring to fig. 10a and 10b, a torque loading device 2.3 is installed, a water chamber 2.3c is fixed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate of a test bed by a screw and a bolt, an impeller 2.3a and an extension shaft a2.3e are fixed in a key connection combination manner and are arranged in the water chamber 2.3c, and the extension shaft a is connected with a rotor rotating shaft by a coupler; the water inlet 2.3d is connected with the throttle by a water delivery pipe, the throttle is connected with the water pump by a water delivery pipe, and finally the water pump is connected with the water tank 2.5 by a water delivery pipe; the water outlet 2.3b is directly connected with the water tank through a water delivery pipeline.
Referring to fig. 11, an axial force loading device 2.4, an extension shaft b2.4e is connected with an extension shaft a2.3e through a coupler, the extension shaft b2.4e is connected with a loading plate 2.4a through a key connection, a loading disc 2.4b is arranged outside the loading plate 2.4a and is tightly sealed by a fixing pin and a sealing ring, an axial force loading oil delivery port 2.4d is connected with a throttle through an oil delivery conduit inside a bottom plate of a test bed, the throttle is connected with an oil pump through an oil delivery pipeline, and the oil pump is connected with an oil tank 2.6 through the oil delivery pipeline.
Referring to fig. 4, a servo motor 3.1 is fixed on a servo motor bracket 3.2, and the bracket is fixed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate of a test bed by a screw and a bolt; the servo motor 3.1 is connected with the control host 3.6 through a data line, one end of the screw rod 3.3 is connected with a rotating shaft of the servo motor 3.1 through a coupler, the other end of the screw rod is arranged on the screw rod bracket 3.5 and is fixed on a positioning hole of the bottom plate through a screw and a bolt; referring to fig. 12, the sensor package 3.4 is composed of a sensor package case 3.4b fixed to a slider 3.4a by screws, and the slider 3.4a is mounted on a lead screw 3.3.
The working process is described in detail by combining the drawings, four different driving modes of the electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for the total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test are realized, the loading module works, and the performance index detection module realizes the detection function.
1. Driving module
Referring to fig. 5, in the motor driving device 1.1, the motorized spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor 1.1b through the chuck 1.1c, the driving motor 1.1b is directly started, and no induction current is generated in the inner coil of the rotor.
Referring to fig. 6a and 6b, in the first brush driving device 1.2, the inner wire of the wire column 1.2g is connected with the brush 1.2d, the brush 1.2d is attached to the collecting ring 1.2b, the collecting ring 1.2b is connected with the rotor coil through the conductor bar 1.2c, when the test starts, the inner wire of the wire column 1.2g is electrified, the rotor coil is electrified, the permanent magnet 1.2a provides a fixed magnetic field, the rotor coil is acted by the fixed magnetic field, the coil is stressed, the rotor is started, the contact area between the brush 1.2d and the collecting ring 1.2b is changed along with the rotation of the rotor, the current direction in the rotor coil is changed, the stress direction of the rotor is unchanged, and the rotor continuously and stably rotates.
Referring to fig. 7a and 7b, the first coil driving device 1.4 is connected with the fixed winding 1.4c by an energizing wire, three-phase alternating current is introduced, the fixed winding 1.4c generates a rotating magnetic field, induced current is generated in the rotor coil, and the induced current is acted by the rotating magnetic field, so that the rotor is forced to start.
Referring to fig. 8, the first solenoid driving device 1.6 is powered on by the wires wound on the first solenoid 1.6e, the two solenoids on the first chassis 1.6b are powered on in different directions to form two magnetic poles, the first solenoid 1.6e and the first chassis 1.6b together form a magnet, the second chassis 1.6c and the third chassis 1.6d are the same, the powered on chassis is changed rapidly in a short time to form a stable rotating magnetic field, the coil in the rotor generates induced current, the induced current is acted by the rotating magnetic field, and the rotor is forced to start and rotate stably after a period of time.
2. Loading module
Referring to fig. 3, 9a and 9b, in the radial force loading part, medium oil in the oil tank 2.6 sequentially passes through the oil delivery pipe, the oil pump and the restrictor, is sprayed into the hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c through the hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port 2.2a, accumulated in the hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c, and along with continuous spraying of the medium oil, the medium oil in the hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c exerts radial force on the rotating shaft while not affecting rotation of the rotating shaft of the rotor, and can change the radial force direction by changing the hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port, change the oil injection quantity, change the radial force quantity, set the oil injection quantity by the control host 3.6, and calculate the radial force exerted on the rotating shaft.
Referring to fig. 10, the torque loading device 2.3 and the rotor rotate to drive the extension shaft a2.3e to rotate, the impeller 2.3a on the extension shaft a2.3e rotates in the water chamber 2.3c, water in the water tank 2.5 is sprayed into the high-pressure water flow through the water delivery pipe and the water pump through the water inlet 2.3d to impact the impeller 2.3a, torque is applied to the impeller 2.3a, further torque is applied to the extension shaft a2.3e, the torque is transmitted to the rotor rotating shaft through the coupler, the water speed of the sprayed water flow is adjusted through the control host 3.6, and the applied torque is calculated.
Referring to fig. 11, in the axial force loading device 2.4, a loading piece 2.4a is clamped into a loading disc 2.4b, a part of the loading piece 2.4a enters an axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c, the loading disc 2.4 is closed, oil in an oil tank 2.6 is sequentially sprayed into the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c through an oil delivery pipe, an oil pump and a restrictor, medium oil is gradually accumulated in the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c, axial force is applied to the loading piece 2.4a, axial force is further applied to an extension shaft b2.4e, the axial force is transmitted to a rotor rotating shaft through a coupler, oil injection quantity and oil injection speed are changed through a control host 3.6, the axial force is changed, and the axial force applied to the rotor is calculated.
3. Performance index detection module
Referring to fig. 4, the servo motor 3.1 rotates to drive the screw rod 3.3 to rotate, so that the sensor integrated block 3.4 freely moves on the screw rod 3.3 to complete movement among test groups in a short time, and the sensor integrated block 3.4 is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a vibration sensor and a dynamic balance sensor, so that basic data of each test group can be transmitted back to the control host 3.6 in real time. The servo motor 3.1 is connected with the control host 3.6, can make a timing rotation program, automatically moves the sensor integrated block, completes automatic detection and saves manpower.
In the specific implementation process, the device in the embodiment can be selected or modified as required, or the invention can also have other embodiments:
1. the rotor driving mode used can be changed, increased, decreased or driven in a mode which is not described in the invention according to the actual situation.
2. The hydrostatic bearing can take other design forms, and still adopts the static pressure force application according to the specific radial force application requirement and different tested object forms.
3. The axial force loading device can take other design forms, and still adopts static pressure force application according to the specific radial force application requirement and different tested object forms.
4. The torque loading device can change the shape of the impeller blades according to the actual situation, and impact the type of the used liquid and the spraying form of the liquid.
5. The sensor integrated block can change the form and the type of the sensor, the mounting position of the sensor, the moving mode of the sensor and the like according to the testing and mounting requirements.
None of these changes change the overall effect.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention is an optimized embodiment or a preferred specific technical solution, which is only suitable for reliability test of the motorized spindle rotor of the numerical control machine tool within a certain specification range, and the motorized spindle rotor of different specifications can adopt a basically unchanged technical solution, but the size and the shape of the used equipment can be changed accordingly, so the present invention is not limited to the description of the specific technical solution in the embodiment.
In short, it is within the scope of the present invention to make equivalent structural changes or various modifications without requiring creative efforts by the related persons while maintaining the basic technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for a total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test is characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a driving module (1), a loading module (2) and a performance index detection module (3);
The driving module (1) is divided into four driving groups, namely a motor driving group, a brush driving group, a coil driving group and a solenoid driving group;
The motor driving group is a blank pair group and is directly driven by a motor, a loading device is arranged in the test, and the installed loading device is a motor driving device (1.1); the other three groups of driving groups are provided with two driving devices: the electric brush driving group is provided with a first electric brush driving device (1.2) and a second electric brush driving device (1.3); the coil driving group is provided with a first coil driving device (1.4) and a second coil driving device (1.5); the solenoid driving group is provided with a first solenoid driving device (1.6) and a second solenoid driving device (1.7);
the loading module comprises a hydrostatic bearing (2.2), a torque loading device (2.3) and an axial force loading device (2.4);
The hydrostatic bearing (2.2) is arranged on the rotor rotating shaft; the torque loading device (2.3) is fixed with the extension shaft A (2.3 e); the axial force loading device (2.4) is fixed with the extension shaft B (2.4 e), and the extension shaft B (2.4 e) is connected with the extension shaft A (2.3 e) through a coupler and is connected with the rotor rotating shaft;
The sensor integrated block (3.4) in the performance index detection module (3) and the rotor keep the same height and are positioned at the front end of the rotor coil;
the loading module also comprises a temperature and humidity control box (2.1), a water tank (2.5) and an oil tank (2.6);
the driving module (1) and the performance index detection module (3) are both positioned in the temperature and humidity control box (2.1);
the hydrostatic bearing (2.2) comprises a hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port (2.2 a), a bearing bush (2.2 b) and a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity (2.2 c);
four bearing bushes (2.2 b) are covered on the rotor rotating shaft and are fastened by internal fixing pins, four hydrostatic bearing oil delivery ports (2.2 a) are respectively connected with a restrictor by an oil delivery pipe through the inside of a bottom plate of a test bed, the restrictor is connected with an oil pump by the oil delivery pipe, and the oil pump is finally connected to an oil tank (2.6) by the oil delivery pipe; medium oil in the oil tank (2.6) is sprayed into a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity (2.2 c) through an oil conveying pipe, an oil pump and a throttle in sequence and a hydrostatic bearing oil conveying port (2.2 a);
the torque loading device (2.3) comprises an impeller (2.3 a), a water outlet (2.3 b), a water chamber (2.3 c) and a water inlet (2.3 d)
The water chamber (2.3 c) is fixed on a positioning hole of the bottom plate of the test bed, the impeller (2.3 a) is connected with the rotor and is arranged in the water chamber (2.3 c), the water inlet (2.3 d) is connected with the restrictor through a water delivery pipe, the restrictor is connected with the water pump through the water delivery pipe, and finally the water pump is connected with the water tank (2.5) through the water delivery pipe; the water outlet (2.3 b) is directly connected with the water tank (2.5) through a water delivery pipeline;
the axial force loading device (2.4) comprises a loading piece (2.4 a), a loading disc (2.4 b), an axial force loading oil cavity (2.4 c) and an axial force loading oil conveying port (2.4 d);
The rotor rotating shaft is connected with the loading piece (2.4 a), the loading disc (2.4 b) is arranged outside the loading piece (2.4 a), the axial force loading oil delivery port (2.4 d) is connected with the throttle through an oil delivery conduit through the inside of the bottom plate of the test bed, the throttle is connected with the oil pump through an oil delivery pipeline, and the oil pump is connected with the oil tank (2.6) through an oil delivery pipeline;
the part of the loading piece (2.4 a) enters the axial force loading oil cavity (2.4 c), and oil in the oil tank (2.6) is sequentially sprayed into the axial force loading oil cavity (2.4 c) through the oil conveying pipe, the oil pump and the restrictor by the axial force loading oil port (2.4 d).
2. The electric spindle rotor reliability test stand for the total hydrostatic loading integrated physical field test of claim 1, wherein the electric spindle rotor reliability test stand is characterized by:
The motor driving device (1.1) comprises a motor driving device bracket (1.1 a), a driving motor (1.1 b) and a chuck (1.1 c);
The driving motor (1.1 b) is arranged on the motor driving device bracket (1.1 a), the motor driving device bracket (1.1 a) is fixed on the bottom plate positioning hole, and the electric spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor (1.1 b) through the chuck (1.1 c).
3. The electric spindle rotor reliability test stand for the total hydrostatic loading integrated physical field test of claim 1, wherein the electric spindle rotor reliability test stand is characterized by:
The first electric brush driving device (1.2) and the second electric brush driving device (1.3) have the same structure;
the first electric brush driving device (1.2) comprises a permanent magnet (1.2 a), a collector ring (1.2 b), a conductor bar (1.2 c), an electric brush (1.2 d) and a wire guide column (1.2 g);
The permanent magnets (1.2 a) are arranged on two sides of the rotor and fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate, the wire guide columns (1.2 g) are arranged in the same plane of the collecting ring (1.2 b) and fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate, and wires in the wire guide columns (1.2 g) are communicated with the electric brushes (1.2 d);
the electric brush (1.2 d) is attached to the collecting ring (1.2 b), the collecting ring (1.2 b) forms a passage with the rotor coil through the conductor bar (1.2 c), and the inner wire of the wire post (1.2 g) provides stable direct current.
4. The electric spindle rotor reliability test stand for the total hydrostatic loading integrated physical field test of claim 1, wherein the electric spindle rotor reliability test stand is characterized by:
The first coil driving device (1.4) and the second coil driving device (1.5) have the same structure;
the first coil driving device (1.4) comprises a coil driving device rear bracket (1.4 a), a coil driving device front bracket (1.4 b), a fixed winding (1.4 c) and a fixed coil inner rotor bearing (1.4 d);
The coil driving device rear bracket (1.4 a) and the coil driving device front bracket (1.4 b) are arranged on the positioning hole of the bottom plate, the rotor is arranged on the inner rotor bearing (1.4 d) of the fixed coil, the lead is led out from the bottom plate and connected to the fixed winding (1.4 c), and stable three-phase alternating current is introduced.
5. The electric spindle rotor reliability test stand for the total hydrostatic loading integrated physical field test of claim 1, wherein the electric spindle rotor reliability test stand is characterized by:
the first solenoid driving device (1.6) and the second solenoid driving device (1.7) have the same structure;
The first solenoid driving device (1.6) comprises a first solenoid driving device bracket (1.6 a), a first chassis (1.6 b), a second chassis (1.6 c), a third chassis (1.6 d) and a solenoid (1.6 e);
the solenoid driving device support (1.6 a) is arranged on the positioning hole of the bottom plate, the installation angles of the first chassis (1.6 b), the second chassis (1.6 c) and the third chassis (1.6 d) are 60 degrees, 6 solenoids (1.6 e) are uniformly distributed, the rotor is arranged in a rotatable area on the chassis, and a wire is led out from the bottom plate of the test bed and is respectively connected with spiral lines on the 6 solenoids (1.6 e).
6. The electric spindle rotor reliability test stand for the total hydrostatic loading integrated physical field test of claim 1, wherein the electric spindle rotor reliability test stand is characterized by:
The performance index detection module comprises a sensor integrated block (3.4), a motion device and a control host (3.6);
The sensor integrated block (3.4) comprises a sliding block (3.4 a) and a sensor integrated box (3.4 b);
The motion device comprises a servo motor (3.1), a servo motor bracket (3.2), a screw (3.3) and a screw bracket (3.5);
The temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the vibration sensor and the dynamic balance sensor are integrally arranged in a sensor integration box (3.4 b), the sensor integration box (3.4 b) is arranged on a sliding block (3.4 a), the sliding block (3.4 a) is arranged on a lead screw (3.3), one end of the lead screw (3.3) is connected with a servo motor (3.1), the other end of the lead screw is arranged on a lead screw bracket (3.5), and the lead screw (3.3) is driven to rotate by rotating through the servo motor (3.1); the servo motor (3.1) is connected with the control host (3.6).
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