CN111189635A - Electric main shaft rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test - Google Patents
Electric main shaft rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test Download PDFInfo
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- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/027—Test-benches with force-applying means, e.g. loading of drive shafts along several directions
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automation, and relates to an electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for a full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test, which mainly comprises a driving module, a loading module and a performance index detection module; the driving module is divided into a motor driving group, a brush driving group, a coil driving group and a solenoid driving group; the loading module comprises a temperature and humidity control box, a hydrostatic bearing, a torque loading device and an axial force loading device; the sensor integrated block in the performance index detection module keeps the same height with the rotor and is positioned at the front end of the rotor coil; the driving module and the performance index detection module are both positioned in the temperature and humidity control box; the test object of the invention is a component rotor of the electric spindle, and the reliability test of the electric spindle is deeper and more pertinent; the invention adopts a full static pressure loading mode, is more stable compared with loading modes of hydraulic elements, electromagnetism and the like, and has extremely low equipment loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automation, and relates to an electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for a full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test, which is applied to an experiment platform for reliability test and evaluation of an electric spindle rotor of a numerical control machine tool, in particular to an experiment platform for detecting various indexes of the temperature, the rotating speed, the vibration, the dynamic balance and the like of the electric spindle rotor of the numerical control machine tool in real time under the full static pressure loading.
Background
The electric main shaft is a new technology which integrates a machine tool main shaft and a main shaft motor into a whole and appears in the field of numerical control machine tools, and the electric main shaft pushes high-speed processing to a new era and has the characteristics of high rotating speed, high precision, low noise and the like. The machine manufacturing industry is urgent to the demand of high precision, high efficiency lathe, and the electric main shaft technique is yet to be promoted, and the method for the reliability test of the electric main shaft and the reliability test of the rotor in the electric main shaft is also yet to be explored.
Many domestic electric main shaft production enterprises still carry out the factory inspection of their products in the mode of no-load operation, and the reliability test to electric main shaft rotor is more lack, almost blank. Therefore, the invention provides a reliability test bed for an electric spindle rotor of a numerical control machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a reliability test bed for an electric spindle rotor, which aims to solve the technical problem of performing reliability test on the electric spindle rotor of a numerical control machine tool and provides a full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a reliability test bed for an electric spindle rotor of a full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test mainly comprises a driving module 1, a loading module 2 and a performance index detection module 3;
the driving module 1 is divided into four driving groups, namely a motor driving group, a brush driving group, a coil driving group and a solenoid driving group;
the motor driving group is a blank group and is directly driven by a motor, and a loading device is installed during testing and is a motor driving device 1.1; all the other three groups of driving groups are provided with two driving devices: the electric brush driving group is provided with a first electric brush driving device 1.2 and a second electric brush driving device 1.3; the coil driving group is provided with a first coil driving device 1.4 and a second coil driving device 1.5; the solenoid driving group is provided with a first solenoid driving device 1.6 and a second solenoid driving device 1.7;
the loading module comprises a hydrostatic bearing 2.2, a torque loading device 2.3 and an axial force loading device 2.4;
the hydrostatic bearing 2.2 is arranged on the rotor rotating shaft; the torque loading device 2.3 is fixed with an extension shaft A2.3e; the axial force loading device 2.4 is fixed with an extension shaft B2.4e, and the extension shaft B2.4e is connected with an extension shaft A2.3e through a coupler and is connected with a rotor rotating shaft;
and the sensor integrated block 3.4 in the performance index detection module 3 keeps the same height with the rotor and is positioned at the front end of the rotor coil.
In the technical scheme, the motor driving device 1.1 comprises a motor driving device bracket 1.1a, a driving motor 1.1b and a chuck 1.1 c;
the driving motor 1.1b is arranged on a motor driving device support 1.1a, the motor driving device support 1.1a is fixed on a positioning hole of the bottom plate, and the electric spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor 1.1b through a chuck 1.1 c.
In the technical scheme, the first electric brush driving device 1.2 and the second electric brush driving device 1.3 have the same structure;
the first brush driving device 1.2 comprises a permanent magnet 1.2a, a collecting ring 1.2b, a conductor bar 1.2c, a brush 1.2d and a lead column 1.2 g;
the permanent magnets 1.2a are arranged on two sides of the rotor and fixed on positioning holes of the bottom plate, the lead posts 1.2g are arranged in the same plane of the collecting ring 1.2b and fixed on the positioning holes of the bottom plate, and the leads in the lead posts 1.2g are communicated with the electric brushes 1.2 d;
the electric brush 1.2d is attached to the collecting ring 1.2b, the collecting ring 1.2b and the rotor coil form a passage through the conductor bar 1.2c, and the conductor column 1.2g is internally provided with a conductor for supplying stable direct current.
In the technical scheme, the first coil driving device 1.4 and the second coil driving device 1.5 have the same structure;
the first coil driving device 1.4 comprises a coil driving device rear support 1.4a, a coil driving device front support 1.4b, a fixed winding 1.4c and a fixed coil inner rotor bearing 1.4 d;
the rear support 1.4a of the coil driving device and the front support 1.4b of the coil driving device are arranged on a positioning hole of the bottom plate, the rotor is placed on a rotor bearing 1.4d in the fixed coil, a lead is led out from the bottom plate and connected to a fixed winding 1.4c, and stable three-phase alternating current is introduced.
The first solenoid driving device 1.6 and the second solenoid driving device 1.7 have the same structure;
the first solenoid driving device 1.6 comprises a solenoid driving device bracket 1.6a, a first chassis 1.6b, a second chassis 1.6c, a third chassis 1.6d and a solenoid 1.6 e;
the solenoid driving device comprises a base plate, a first chassis 1.6b, a second chassis 1.6c and a third chassis 1.6d, wherein the solenoid driving device support 1.6a is arranged on a positioning hole of the base plate, the mutual installation angle of the first chassis 1.6b, the second chassis 1.6c and the third chassis 1.6d is 60 degrees, so that 6 solenoids 1.6e are uniformly distributed, a rotor is arranged on a rotatable area on the chassis, and wires are led out from the base plate of the test bed and are respectively connected with the helical lines on the 6 solenoids.
The loading module in the technical scheme further comprises a temperature and humidity control box 2.1, a water tank 2.5 and an oil tank 2.6;
the driving module 1 and the performance index detection module 3 are both positioned in the temperature and humidity control box 2.1;
the hydrostatic bearing 2.2 comprises a hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port 2.2a, a bearing bush 2.2b and a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2 c;
the four bearing bushes 2.2b are covered on a rotor rotating shaft and fastened by an internal fixing pin, four hydrostatic bearing oil delivery ports 2.2a are respectively connected with a throttler by an oil delivery pipe through the inside of a base plate of the test bed, the throttler is connected with an oil pump by the oil delivery pipe, and the oil pump is finally connected to an oil tank 2.6 by the oil delivery pipe; medium oil in the oil tank 2.6 passes through the oil conveying pipe, the oil pump and the throttler in sequence, and is sprayed into a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c through a hydrostatic bearing oil conveying port 2.2 a;
the torque loading device 2.3 comprises an impeller 2.3a, a water outlet 2.3b, a water chamber 2.3c and a water inlet 2.3d
The water chamber 2.3c is fixed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate of the test bed, the impeller 2.3a is connected with the rotor and is arranged in the water chamber 2.3c, the water inlet 2.3d is connected with the throttler through a water delivery conduit, the throttler is connected with the water pump through a water delivery conduit, and finally the water pump is connected with the water tank 2.5 through a water delivery conduit; the water outlet 2.3b is directly connected with the water tank 2.5 through a water pipeline;
the axial force loading device 2.4 comprises a loading piece 2.4a, a loading disc 2.4b, an axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c and an axial force loading oil conveying port 2.4 d;
the rotor rotating shaft is connected with the loading piece 2.4a, the loading disc 2.4b is installed outside the loading piece 2.4a, the axial force loading oil conveying port 2.4d is connected with a restrictor through an oil conveying conduit via the inside of a base plate of the test bed, the restrictor is connected with an oil pump through an oil conveying pipeline, and the oil pump is connected with an oil tank 2.6 through an oil conveying pipeline;
the loading piece 2.4a partially enters the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c, and oil in the oil tank 2.6 is sprayed into the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c through the axial force loading oil conveying port 2.4d by sequentially passing through an oil conveying pipe, an oil pump and a restrictor.
The performance index detection module in the technical scheme comprises a sensor integrated block 3.4, a motion device and a control host 3.6;
the sensor integrated block 3.4 comprises a sliding block 3.4a and a sensor integrated box 3.4 b;
the movement device comprises a servo motor 3.1, a servo motor bracket 3.2, a lead screw 3.3 and a lead screw bracket 3.5;
the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the vibration sensor and the dynamic balance sensor are integrally arranged in a sensor integration box 3.4b, the sensor integration box (3.4b) is arranged on a sliding block 3.4a, the sliding block 3.4a is arranged on a lead screw 3.3, one end of the lead screw 3.3 is connected with a servo motor 3.1, the other end of the lead screw is arranged on a lead screw bracket 3.5, and the lead screw 3.3 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the servo motor 3.1; the servo motor 3.1 is connected with a control host 3.6.
The four different driving modes in the technical scheme are as follows:
1. the motor driving set is realized in the following mode: a driving motor is arranged on the bracket and fixed on the test bed, a rotating shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotor through a chuck, and the driving motor drives the rotor to rotate.
2. The brush driving group is realized by the following steps: and a conductor bar and a collecting ring are arranged at the bottom of the rotor and are communicated with the coil of the rotor to form a loop. Permanent magnets are arranged at two sides of the rotor and fixed on a test bed to provide a stable magnetic field; the direct current is introduced by the electric brush, the current in the rotor coil is acted by the magnetic field, the rotor is started by the stress of the coil, and the direction of the current in the rotor coil is continuously changed along with the rotation of the rotor, so that the rotor stably rotates.
3. The coil driving group is realized by the following steps: the rotor is provided with three-phase winding coils at the periphery, the rotor is placed on a coil inner bearing, three-phase alternating current is introduced into the peripheral fixed winding, so that the peripheral fixed winding generates a stable rotating magnetic field, the coils in the rotor generate induced current, the induced current is acted by the peripheral rotating magnetic field, the rotor is started under stress, and the rotor rotates stably when the peripheral fixed winding is introduced with the stable three-phase alternating current.
4. The solenoid driving group is realized by the following steps: conductor bars are arranged at two ends of the chassis, a lead is wound on the conductor bars to form solenoids, 3 chassis central shafts are superposed and combined together, 6 solenoids are uniformly distributed at 60 degrees, the assembled chassis assembly is fixed on a test bed by a bracket, and a rotor central shaft is superposed with the chassis assembly and connected with the chassis assembly. The current directions of the solenoids are different to generate opposite magnetic poles, so that each chassis and the solenoid form a magnet, the electrified chassis is rapidly changed at a certain frequency to form a stable rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field enables the rotor coil to generate induction current, the induction current is acted by the rotating magnetic field, the rotor is started under stress, the current introduced into the chassis is stably changed, and the rotor stably rotates.
The realization mode of the temperature and humidity control part in the technical scheme is as follows: the temperature and humidity control box is installed on the test bed, each test group is arranged in the temperature and humidity control box for testing, the temperature and the humidity of the environment where the test group is located can be changed through the control host, and different extreme working scenes can be simulated.
The radial force loading part in the technical scheme is realized in the following mode: the static pressure bearing is arranged on a rotor rotating shaft and fixed on a test bed by a support, oil conveying ports on the bearing are connected with an oil pump and an oil tank through guide pipes, medium oil in the oil tank is pumped into the static pressure bearing by the oil pump, four oil conveying ports can be opened respectively or simultaneously and accumulated in an oil cavity of the bearing to form static pressure on the bearing in the radial direction, the direction of the static pressure can be changed by opening different oil inlets, the size of the static pressure can be changed by changing the oil inlet amount and the speed, the pressure and the direction are fed back to a control host in real time, and the radial static pressure.
The axial force loading part in the technical scheme is realized in the following mode: the loading disc is totally closed during working, medium oil is sprayed in the loading disc through the oil inlet, and the loading disc is loaded with axial force in the oil cavity to realize the loading of the axial force of the rotating shaft.
The torque loading part in the technical scheme is realized in the following mode: the extension epaxial installation impeller, the extension axle passes through the coupling joint with the rotor pivot, the impeller is arranged in the hydroecium, on the hydroecium was fixed in the test bench by the support, the water inlet of hydroecium, delivery port were connected with the water pump water tank by the pipe, the rotor rotates and drives the impeller rotation, the water inlet sprays high-speed rivers and strikes the impeller, produces and hinders impeller pivoted moment of torsion, realizes the moment of torsion loading of pivot, the accessible changes the velocity of flow and realizes the change of moment of torsion size, realizes control feedback through the main control system.
The technical scheme is that the performance index monitoring module is realized in the following mode: the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the vibration sensor and the dynamic balance sensor are integrally installed in the sensor integration box, the sensor integration box is installed on the sliding block, the sliding block is installed on the screw rod, one end of the screw rod is connected with the servo motor, the other end of the screw rod is installed on the screw rod support, the screw rod is driven to rotate through the rotation of the servo motor, the sensor integration block is moved, and detection data are transmitted back to the control host.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the existing reliability test platform for the electric spindle of the numerical control machine tool, the reliability test platform disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the test object is the component rotor of the electric spindle, and the reliability test for the electric spindle is deeper and more specific.
2. Compared with the existing reliability test method, the test bed provided by the invention adopts a full static pressure loading mode, is more stable compared with loading modes such as a hydraulic element and an electromagnet, and has extremely low equipment loss.
3. The driving mode of the rotor is not limited to the driving mode in normal work, but a plurality of novel driving modes are adopted, a plurality of test groups are formed, and the test results are more objective and real through comparison.
4. The reliability test bed can automatically run for a long time in an unattended state, reduces labor intensity, more quickly exposes and excites product faults, provides practical basic data for reliability evaluation of the electric spindle rotor, and can also be used for screening the electric spindle rotor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading integrated physical field testing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a drive module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a load module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a performance indicator detection module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the motor drive of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is an isometric view of a brush drive assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a view of brush drive A according to the present invention;
FIG. 7a is an isometric view of a coil drive according to the present invention;
FIG. 7B is a view of the coil driving device B according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a solenoid drive group drive arrangement in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9a is a front cross-sectional view of a hydrostatic bearing of the radial force loading portion of the present invention;
FIG. 9b is a left side cross-sectional view of a hydrostatic bearing of the radial force loading portion of the present invention;
FIG. 10a is a top view of the torque loading device of the present invention;
FIG. 10b is a front view of the torque loading device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an axial force loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an isometric view of a sensor package according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a drive module; 1.1, a motor driving device; 1.1a, a motor driving device bracket; 1.1b, driving a motor; 1.1c, chuck; 1.2, a first electric brush driving device; 1.2a, a permanent magnet; 1.2b, a collector ring; 1.2c, conductor bars; 1.2d, electric brushes; 1.2e, a rear bracket of the electric brush driving device; 1.2f, a front bracket of the electric brush driving device; 1.2g, a wire column; 1.3, a second electric brush driving device; 1.4, a coil driving device; 1.4a, a rear bracket of the coil driving device; 1.4b, a front bracket of the coil driving device; 1.4c, fixing the winding; 1.4d, rotor bearing; 1.5, a second coil driving device; 1.6, a first solenoid driving device; 1.6a, a solenoid driver bracket; 1.6b, a first chassis; 1.6c, chassis II; 1.6d, chassis III; 1.6e, solenoid; 1.7, second solenoid driving device; 2. loading a module; 2.1, a temperature and humidity control box; 2.2, a hydrostatic bearing; 2.2a, a hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port; 2.2b, bearing bushes; 2.2c, a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity; 2.3, a torque loading device; 2.3a, an impeller; 2.3b, a water outlet; 2.3c, a water chamber; 2.3d, a water inlet; 2.3e, extension axis A; 2.4, an axial force loading device; 2.4a, loading a piece; 2.4b, loading a disc; 2.4c, loading the oil cavity by axial force; 2.4d, loading the oil conveying port by axial force; 2.4e, extension axis B; 2.5, a water tank; 2.6, an oil tank; 3. a performance index detection module; 3.1, a servo motor; 3.2, a servo motor bracket; 3.3, a lead screw; 3.4, a sensor integrated block; 3.4a, a sliding block; 3.4b, a sensor integration box; 3.5, a screw rod bracket; 3.6, controlling the host.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the invention provides a reliability test bed for loading through static pressure according to the actual use working condition of an electric spindle rotor of a numerical control machine tool. The test bed can ensure that the electric spindle rotor continuously works with high strength under extreme conditions, not only can test the reliability of the rotor, but also can quickly expose various problems of the rotor under fatigue working, and provides basic data for analyzing the reliability of the rotor.
Under general conditions, the working environment of the electric spindle rotor of the numerical control machine tool may have high temperature and high humidity conditions, the service life of the rotor is shortened, various performances of the electric spindle rotor such as rotating speed, precision and dynamic balance are reduced due to long-time high-strength use of the machine tool, the electric spindle rotor vibrates, the service life of the electric spindle of the machine tool is shortened, and faults occur in production.
In summary, to realize the reliability test of the electric spindle rotor, 3 conditions of long-time automatic operation of the electric spindle rotor, loading of simulated real working conditions and test of related performance need to be met. In order to effectively meet the requirements, the test bed comprises a driving module for realizing long-time automatic operation of the electric spindle rotor, a loading module for simulating loading under real working conditions and a performance index detection module for realizing related performance tests. In order to carry out reliability tests on the electric spindle rotor in different driving modes, the driving modules are divided into four groups, namely a motor driving group, a coil driving group, an electric brush driving group and a solenoid driving group. In order to realize the comprehensive loading of the environmental field and the force field, the loading module comprises a temperature and humidity control part, a radial force loading part, an axial force loading part and a torque loading part. In order to realize the efficient utilization of the performance index detection module, the performance index detection module comprises a sensor integrated block for detection, a sensor integrated block motion driving mechanism for the motion of the sensor integrated block and a control host for controlling loading conditions and collecting analysis test data. In summary, the reliability test bed for the electric spindle rotor provided by the invention has the following specific structure.
The reliability test bed consists of a driving module, a loading module and a performance index detection module.
The driving module is divided into four driving groups: the electric brush driving device comprises a motor driving group, a brush driving group, a coil driving group and a solenoid driving group, wherein the motor driving group is provided with one, the brush driving group is provided with two, the coil driving group is provided with two, and the solenoid driving group is provided with two, and the electric brush driving group comprises seven driving devices. The motor driving group is a blank group and is directly driven by the motor, the loading device is installed during the test, the loading is not carried out, blank contrast can be formed by the motor driving group and other driving groups driven by the electromagnetic driving, and the rest three groups of driving groups are provided with two driving devices, so that contrast can be formed in the groups, and the experimental result is more objective and accurate.
The loading module is divided into four parts of temperature and humidity control, radial force loading, axial force loading and torque loading.
The performance index detection module is divided into a sensor integrated block, a motion device and a control host. The sensor integrated block comprises a sliding block and a sensor integrated box. The movement device comprises a servo motor bracket, a servo motor, a lead screw and a lead screw bracket.
Referring to fig. 1, the electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for the full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test is composed of a driving module 1, a loading module 2 and a performance index detection module 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the four different driving sets include a motor driving set, a brush driving set, a coil driving set, and a solenoid driving set;
the motor drive group is blank to organize, by motor direct drive, installs loading attachment during the experiment, and the loading attachment of installation is motor drive 1.1, but does not load, can form blank contrast with other use electromagnetic drive's drive group, and all the other three groups of drive groups all set up two drive arrangement: the electric brush driving group is provided with a first electric brush driving device 1.2 and a second electric brush driving device 1.3; the coil driving group is provided with a first coil driving device 1.4 and a second coil driving device 1.5; the solenoid driving group is provided with a first solenoid driving device 1.6 and a second solenoid driving device 1.7;
four groups of seven driving devices are arranged on a bottom plate of the test bed side by side and fixed on a positioning hole of the bottom plate by screws and bolts, all the test devices are positioned in a temperature and humidity control box 2.1, and after the test is started, the temperature and humidity control box is closed.
Seven driving devices are arranged on the bottom plate of the test bed side by side, are positioned through positioning holes and are fixed by screws and bolts;
a rotor rotating shaft is directly provided with a hydrostatic bearing 2.2; the impeller 2.3a of the torque loading device 2.3 is fixed with the extension shaft through key connection; the loading piece 2.4a of the axial force loading device 2.4 is fixed with the extension shafts through key connection, and the extension shafts are sequentially connected through a coupler and are connected with the rotor rotating shaft.
The performance index detection module 3 is arranged on two sides of the drive module 1, the screw rod 3.3 is positioned above the rotor, the sensor integrated block 3.4 basically keeps the same height with the rotor and is positioned at the front end of the rotor coil, and the rotor rotation is not influenced when the sensor integrated block 3.4 moves.
Servo motor support 3.2 among the performance index detection module 3, lead screw support 3.5 installs respectively in drive module 1's both sides, lead screw 3.3 one end is fixed by lead screw support 3.5, the other end is connected with servo motor 3.1, by servo motor support 3.2 fixed, lead screw 3.3 hangs directly over drive module 1, sensor integrated package 3.4 installs on the lead screw, keep same height with the rotor basically, be located the rotor coil front end, should not influence the rotor when sensor integrated package 3.4 removes and rotate.
The temperature and humidity control box is spliced with the bottom plate of the test bed and is fixedly sealed;
the driving module 1 and the performance index detection module 3 are all located in the temperature and humidity control box, and each guide pipe and each data line are connected with the outside of the temperature and humidity control box from the inside of the bottom plate.
Referring to fig. 5, the motor driving device 1.1 is installed, the driving motor 1.1b is installed on a motor driving device bracket 1.1a, the bracket is fixed on a positioning hole of the bottom plate through a screw and a bolt, and the electric spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor 1.1b through a chuck 1.1 c.
Referring to fig. 6a and 6b, the brush driving assembly is installed, taking a first brush driving device 1.2 as an example, permanent magnets 1.2a are installed on two sides of a rotor and fixed on a bottom plate positioning hole by screws and bolts, a conducting wire column 1.2g is installed in the same plane of a collecting ring 1.2b and fixed on the bottom plate positioning hole by screws and bolts, a brush 1.2d is inserted into the conducting wire column 1.2g and connected with an internal conducting wire plug thereof, the brush 1.2d is attached to the collecting ring 1.2b, the collecting ring 1.2b forms a passage with a rotor coil through a conductor bar 1.2c, and a conducting wire in the conducting wire column 1.2g provides stable direct current.
Referring to fig. 7a and b, the coil driving assembly is installed, taking a first coil driving device 1.4 as an example, a rear bracket 1.4a of the coil driving device and a front bracket 1.4b of the coil driving device are installed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate through screws and bolts, a rotor is placed on a rotor bearing 1.4d in a fixed coil, a lead is led out from the bottom plate and connected to a fixed winding 1.4c, and stable three-phase alternating current is introduced.
Referring to fig. 8, the solenoid driving set is installed, taking a first solenoid driving device 1.6 as an example, a solenoid driving device bracket 1.6a is installed on a bottom plate positioning hole through screws and bolts, a first chassis 1.6b, a second chassis 1.6c and a third chassis 1.6d are installed at an installation angle of 60 degrees, so that 6 solenoids 1.6e are uniformly distributed, a rotor is installed on a rotatable area on the chassis, a lead is led out from a test bed bottom plate and is respectively connected with a spiral line on the 6 solenoids 1.6e, taking the first chassis 1.6b as an example, two solenoids on the same chassis are electrified with opposite directions, so that the chassis and the solenoids form a magnet to generate a magnetic field, and the second chassis and the third chassis are similar.
Referring to fig. 3, the loading module is composed of a temperature and humidity control box 2.1, a radial force loading part, a hydrostatic bearing 2.2 combined with the rotating shaft, a torque loading device 2.3, an axial force loading device 2.4, a water tank 2.5 and an oil tank 2.6.
Referring to fig. 3, the hydrostatic bearing 2.2 is mounted on the rotor shaft and supported by a bracket, and the bracket is fixed on the positioning hole of the base plate of the test bed by screws and bolts. Referring to fig. 9a and 9b, four bearing bushes 2.2b are covered on the rotor rotating shaft and fastened by an internal fixing pin, four hydrostatic bearing oil delivery ports 2.2a are respectively connected with a restrictor through an oil delivery pipe inside a base plate of the test bed, the restrictor is connected with an oil pump through the oil delivery pipe, and the oil pump is finally connected to an oil tank 2.5 through the oil delivery pipe.
Referring to fig. 10a and 10b, the torque loading device 2.3 is installed, the water chamber 2.3c is fixed on a positioning hole of a base plate of the test bed through screws and bolts, the impeller 2.3a and the extension shaft A2.3e are fixedly connected through key connection and are arranged in the water chamber 2.3c, and the extension shaft A is connected with a rotor rotating shaft through a coupler; the water inlet 2.3d is connected with the throttler by a water delivery conduit, the throttler is connected with the water pump by a water delivery pipeline, and finally the water pump is connected with the water tank 2.5 by the water delivery pipeline; the water outlet 2.3b is directly connected with the water tank through a water pipeline.
Referring to fig. 11, the axial force loading device 2.4, the extension shaft B2.4e is connected with the extension shaft A2.3e through the shaft coupling, the extension shaft B2.4e is connected with the loading piece 2.4a through the key connection, the loading disc 2.4b is installed outside the loading piece 2.4a and is tightly sealed by the fixing pin and the sealing ring, the axial force loading oil delivery port 2.4d is connected with the throttler through the oil delivery conduit via the inside of the base plate of the test bed, the throttler is connected with the oil pump through the oil delivery pipeline, and the oil pump is connected with the oil tank 2.6 through the oil delivery pipeline.
Referring to fig. 4, a servo motor 3.1 is fixed on a servo motor bracket 3.2, and the bracket is fixed on a positioning hole of a base plate of the test bed by a screw and a bolt; the servo motor 3.1 is connected with the control host 3.6 by a data line, one end of a screw rod 3.3 is connected with a rotating shaft of the servo motor 3.1 by a coupler, and the other end is arranged on a screw rod bracket 3.5 and is fixed on a positioning hole of the bottom plate by a screw and a bolt; referring to fig. 12, the sensor integrated block 3.4 is composed of a sensor integrated box 3.4b fixed on a sliding block 3.4a through a screw, and the sliding block 3.4a is installed on the screw rod 3.3.
The working process is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings, how the four different driving modes of the electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for the full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test are realized, how the loading module works, and how the performance index detection module realizes the detection function.
1. Drive module
Referring to fig. 5, in the motor driving device 1.1, the electric spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor 1.1b through the chuck 1.1c, the driving motor 1.1b is directly started, and the coil in the rotor does not generate induced current.
Referring to fig. 6a and 6b, in a first electric brush driving device 1.2, a lead in a lead post 1.2g is communicated with an electric brush 1.2d, the electric brush 1.2d is attached to a collecting ring 1.2b, the collecting ring 1.2b is connected with a rotor coil through a conductor bar 1.2c, when a test is started, the lead in the lead post 1.2g is electrified, the rotor coil is electrified, a permanent magnet 1.2a provides a constant magnetic field, the rotor coil is acted by the constant magnetic field, the coil is stressed, the rotor is started, as the rotor rotates, the contact area between the electric brush 1.2d and the collecting ring 1.2b is changed, the current direction in the rotor coil is changed, the stress direction of the rotor is unchanged, and the rotor continuously and stably rotates.
Referring to fig. 7a and 7b, in the first coil driving device 1.4, the power-on lead is connected with the fixed winding 1.4c, and the three-phase alternating current is introduced, so that the fixed winding 1.4c generates a rotating magnetic field, an induced current is generated in the rotor coil, the induced current is acted by the rotating magnetic field, and the rotor is started under stress.
Referring to fig. 8, a solenoid driving device 1.6 is provided, a conducting wire wound on a solenoid 1.6e is electrified, two solenoids on a first chassis 1.6b are electrified in different directions to form two magnetic poles, the solenoid 1.6e and the first chassis 1.6b form a magnet together, the second chassis 1.6c and the third chassis 1.6d are similar, the electrified chassis is rapidly changed in a short time to form a stable rotating magnetic field, an induction current is generated by a coil in a rotor, the induction current is acted by the rotating magnetic field, the rotor is started under stress, and the rotor stably rotates after a period of time.
2. Loading module
Referring to fig. 3, 9a and 9b, in the radial force loading part, medium oil in an oil tank 2.6 passes through an oil delivery pipe, sequentially passes through an oil pump and a restrictor, is sprayed into a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c through a hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port 2.2a, is accumulated in the hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c, and along with continuous spraying of the medium oil, the medium oil in the hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 2.2c exerts radial force on a rotor shaft while the rotation of the rotor shaft is not influenced, the direction of the radial force can be changed by changing the hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port, the magnitude of the radial force can be changed by changing the oil injection amount, the oil injection amount is set by a control host 3.6, and the magnitude of the radial force exerted on the rotor shaft can be obtained through calculation.
Referring to fig. 10, the torque loading device 2.3, the rotor rotates to drive the extension shaft a2.3e to rotate, the impeller 2.3a on the extension shaft a2.3e rotates in the water chamber 2.3c, water in the water tank 2.5 is sprayed into the high-pressure water flow through the water inlet 2.3d through the water pipe and the water pump to impact the impeller 2.3a, torque is applied to the impeller 2.3a, further torque is applied to the extension shaft a2.3e, the torque is transmitted to the rotor rotating shaft through the coupler, the speed of the sprayed water flow is adjusted through the control host machine 3.6, and the magnitude of the applied torque is obtained through calculation.
Referring to fig. 11, the axial force loading device 2.4, the loading piece 2.4a is clamped into the loading disc 2.4b, part of the loading piece 2.4a enters the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c to seal the loading disc 2.4, oil in the oil tank 2.6 is sprayed into the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c through the oil conveying pipe, the oil pump and the restrictor in sequence, medium oil is gradually accumulated in the axial force loading oil cavity 2.4c, the axial force is applied to the loading piece 2.4a, further the axial force is applied to the extension shaft b2.4e, the axial force is transmitted to the rotor rotating shaft through the coupler, the oil injection amount and the oil injection speed are changed through the control host 3.6, the magnitude of the axial force is changed, and the magnitude of the axial force applied to the rotor is obtained through calculation.
3. Performance index detection module
Referring to fig. 4, the servo motor 3.1 rotates to drive the screw rod 3.3 to rotate, so that the sensor integrated block 3.4 can move freely on the screw rod 3.3, and the movement among the test groups can be completed in a short time, and the sensor integrated block 3.4 is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a vibration sensor and a dynamic balance sensor, so that basic data of each test group can be transmitted back to the control host 3.6 in real time. The servo motor 3.1 is connected with the control host 3.6, a timing rotation program can be formulated, the sensor integrated block is automatically moved, automatic detection is completed, and labor is saved.
In the specific implementation process, the devices in the embodiments may be selected or modified as needed, or the invention may have other embodiments:
1. the driving mode of the rotor can be changed, increased, reduced or adopted to drive the rotor in a mode which is not described in the invention according to the actual situation.
2. The hydrostatic bearing can adopt other design forms, and is changed according to the application requirement of specific radial force and the different forms of tested objects, and the hydrostatic force is still applied.
3. The axial force loading device can adopt other design forms, changes according to the application requirements of specific radial force and the different forms of the tested objects, and still applies static pressure to apply force.
4. The torque loading device can change the blade form of the impeller, the type of liquid used for impact and the liquid spraying form according to the requirements of actual conditions.
5. The sensor integrated block can change the form, the type, the installation position, the moving mode and the like of the sensor according to the testing and installation requirements.
But none of these changes change the overall effect.
In addition, the embodiment described in the present invention is an optimized embodiment or a better specific technical solution for facilitating those skilled in the art to understand and apply the present invention, and is only suitable for reliability tests of electric spindle rotors of numerical control machines within a certain specification range, and electric spindle rotors of different specifications may adopt a substantially unchanged technical solution, but the size and form of the used equipment may be changed accordingly, so the present invention is not limited to the description of the more specific technical solution in the embodiment.
In conclusion, it is within the scope of the present invention if the related art can make equivalent structural changes or various modifications without inventive efforts while adhering to the basic technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an electric main shaft rotor reliability test platform of physical field test is synthesized in full static pressure loading which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a driving module (1), a loading module (2) and a performance index detection module (3);
the driving module (1) is divided into four driving groups, namely a motor driving group, an electric brush driving group, a coil driving group and a solenoid driving group;
the motor driving group is a blank group and is directly driven by a motor, and a loading device is installed during testing and is a motor driving device (1.1); all the other three groups of driving groups are provided with two driving devices: the electric brush driving group is provided with a first electric brush driving device (1.2) and a second electric brush driving device (1.3); the coil driving group is provided with a first coil driving device (1.4) and a second coil driving device (1.5); the solenoid driving group is provided with a first solenoid driving device (1.6) and a second solenoid driving device (1.7);
the loading module comprises a hydrostatic bearing (2.2), a torque loading device (2.3) and an axial force loading device (2.4);
the hydrostatic bearing (2.2) is arranged on the rotor rotating shaft; the torque loading device (2.3) is fixed with the extension shaft A (2.3 e); the axial force loading device (2.4) is fixed with an extension shaft B (2.4e), and the extension shaft B (2.4e) is connected with an extension shaft A (2.3e) through a coupler and is connected with a rotor rotating shaft;
and the sensor integrated block (3.4) in the performance index detection module (3) keeps the same height with the rotor and is positioned at the front end of the rotor coil.
2. The electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the motor driving device (1.1) comprises a motor driving device bracket (1.1a), a driving motor (1.1b) and a chuck (1.1 c);
the driving motor (1.1b) is arranged on the motor driving device support (1.1a), the motor driving device support (1.1a) is fixed on the positioning hole of the bottom plate, and the electric spindle rotor is connected with the driving motor (1.1b) through the chuck (1.1 c).
3. The electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the first electric brush driving device (1.2) and the second electric brush driving device (1.3) have the same structure;
the first electric brush driving device (1.2) comprises a permanent magnet (1.2a), a collecting ring (1.2b), a conductor bar (1.2c), an electric brush (1.2d) and a lead post (1.2 g);
the permanent magnets (1.2a) are arranged on two sides of the rotor and fixed on a positioning hole of the bottom plate, the lead posts (1.2g) are arranged in the same plane of the collecting ring (1.2b) and fixed on the positioning hole of the bottom plate, and leads in the lead posts (1.2g) are communicated with the electric brushes (1.2 d);
the electric brush (1.2d) is attached to the collecting ring (1.2b), the collecting ring (1.2b) and the rotor coil form a passage through the conductor bar (1.2c), and the conductor in the conductor column (1.2g) provides stable direct current.
4. The electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the first coil driving device (1.4) and the second coil driving device (1.5) have the same structure;
the first coil driving device (1.4) comprises a coil driving device rear support (1.4a), a coil driving device front support (1.4b), a fixed winding (1.4c) and a fixed coil inner rotor bearing (1.4 d);
the coil driving device rear support (1.4a) and the coil driving device front support (1.4b) are arranged on a positioning hole of the bottom plate, the rotor is placed on a rotor bearing (1.4d) in the fixed coil, a lead is led out from the bottom plate and connected to the fixed winding (1.4c), and stable three-phase alternating current is introduced.
5. The electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the first solenoid driving device (1.6) and the second solenoid driving device (1.7) have the same structure;
the first solenoid driving device (1.6) comprises a solenoid driving device bracket (1.6a), a first chassis (1.6b), a second chassis (1.6c), a third chassis (1.6d) and a solenoid (1.6 e);
the solenoid driving device is characterized in that a support (1.6a) of the solenoid driving device is arranged on a positioning hole of the bottom plate, the mutual installation angle of a first chassis (1.6b), a second chassis (1.6c) and a third chassis (1.6d) is 60 degrees, 6 solenoids (1.6e) are uniformly distributed, a rotor is arranged on a rotatable area on the chassis, and a lead is led out from the bottom plate of the test bench and is respectively connected with the upper spiral lines of the 6 solenoids (1.6 e).
6. The electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the loading module further comprises a temperature and humidity control box (2.1), a water tank (2.5) and an oil tank (2.6);
the driving module (1) and the performance index detection module (3) are both positioned in the temperature and humidity control box (2.1);
the hydrostatic bearing (2.2) comprises a hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port (2.2a), a bearing bush (2.2b) and a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity (2.2 c);
four bearing bushes (2.2b) are covered on a rotor rotating shaft and fastened by an internal fixing pin, four hydrostatic bearing oil delivery ports (2.2a) are respectively connected with a throttler by an oil delivery pipe through the inside of a base plate of the test bed, the throttler is connected with an oil pump by the oil delivery pipe, and the oil pump is finally connected to an oil tank (2.6) by the oil delivery pipe; medium oil in the oil tank (2.6) passes through the oil delivery pipe, the oil pump and the throttler in sequence, and is sprayed into the hydrostatic bearing oil cavity (2.2c) through the hydrostatic bearing oil delivery port (2.2 a);
the torque loading device (2.3) comprises an impeller (2.3a), a water outlet (2.3b), a water chamber (2.3c) and a water inlet (2.3d)
The water chamber (2.3c) is fixed on a positioning hole of a bottom plate of the test bed, the impeller (2.3a) is connected with the rotor and is arranged in the water chamber (2.3c), the water inlet (2.3d) is connected with the throttler through a water delivery conduit, the throttler is connected with the water pump through a water delivery conduit, and finally the water pump is connected with the water tank (2.5) through a water delivery conduit; the water outlet (2.3b) is directly connected with the water tank (2.5) through a water pipeline;
the axial force loading device (2.4) comprises a loading piece (2.4a), a loading disc (2.4b), an axial force loading oil cavity (2.4c) and an axial force loading oil conveying port (2.4 d);
the rotor rotating shaft is connected with the loading piece (2.4a), the loading disc (2.4b) is installed outside the loading piece (2.4a), the axial force loading oil conveying port (2.4d) is connected with the throttler through an oil conveying guide pipe and the inside of a base plate of the test bed, the throttler is connected with an oil pump through an oil conveying pipeline, and the oil pump is connected with an oil tank (2.6) through an oil conveying pipeline;
the loading piece (2.4a) partially enters the axial force loading oil cavity (2.4c), and oil in the oil tank (2.6) is sprayed into the axial force loading oil cavity (2.4c) through the axial force loading oil conveying port (2.4d) through the oil conveying pipe, the oil pump and the throttler in sequence.
7. The electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for full static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test according to claim 6, characterized in that:
the performance index detection module comprises a sensor integrated block (3.4), a motion device and a control host (3.6);
the sensor integrated block (3.4) comprises a sliding block (3.4a) and a sensor integrated box (3.4 b);
the movement device comprises a servo motor (3.1), a servo motor bracket (3.2), a lead screw (3.3) and a lead screw bracket (3.5);
the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the vibration sensor and the dynamic balance sensor are integrally arranged in a sensor integration box (3.4b), the sensor integration box (3.4b) is arranged on a sliding block (3.4a), the sliding block (3.4a) is arranged on a lead screw (3.3), one end of the lead screw (3.3) is connected with a servo motor (3.1), the other end of the lead screw is arranged on a lead screw bracket (3.5), and the lead screw (3.3) is driven to rotate through the rotation of the servo motor (3.1); the servo motor (3.1) is connected with the control host (3.6).
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