CN111175006B - Pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system - Google Patents
Pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111175006B CN111175006B CN202010097409.5A CN202010097409A CN111175006B CN 111175006 B CN111175006 B CN 111175006B CN 202010097409 A CN202010097409 A CN 202010097409A CN 111175006 B CN111175006 B CN 111175006B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulley block amplifying acceleration type assembled drop hammer test system which can improve the test application range and the reliability of test results. According to the method, a group of fixed pulleys and movable pulley blocks are adopted to hoist the weight, the weight is released to generate acceleration when the required height is reached, and a sliding platform horizontally arranged on a guide rail and an impact loading module fixed on the sliding platform are driven by steel strands, so that the sliding platform impacts an object module to be impacted, and the simulation of impact and impact experiments is realized. According to the method, the acceleration amplification of the impact loading module can be realized under the condition of small fall of the weight by adjusting the number of pulley blocks and pulleys, so that impact and impact tests can be simply and efficiently implemented. Meanwhile, the pulley block supporting frame and the guide rail designed by the invention are detachable components, so that the pulley block supporting frame and the guide rail are convenient to assemble and carry out experiments on different fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an impact test device for a structural member, in particular to a pulley block amplifying accelerating type assemblable drop hammer test system.
Background
The problem of impact collision is often involved in both the civil engineering and the vehicle manufacturing fields. For civil structural engineering, the mechanical properties and the capabilities of vertical stressed members such as structural columns, walls and the like are related to the whole structure and the corresponding personal and property safety. But for the field of vehicle manufacturing, such as collision between automobiles and road and bridge protection mechanisms, the collision is also an important problem related to social personal and property safety at present. Therefore, the performance of the structural member under impact load is extremely important for research and testing.
Currently, in the case of performing a collision impact performance test of a large structure or member, a drop hammer impact test system is generally used as a device. The main working principle is as follows: the hammer head is arranged on the drop hammer test frame, the hammer head is released during test, and the hammer head moves in a free falling manner along the arranged guide rail, so that the hammer head obtains corresponding speed and kinetic energy to impact the structural member. However, the problems of application of such test devices and test patterns to side impact such as car collision and vertical force receiving members have the following disadvantages:
(1) The traditional drop hammer impact experimental device completely depends on the speed generated by the free falling body of the hammer head to impact the component, the final impact speed of the traditional drop hammer impact experimental device is related to the release height of the drop hammer, but the height of the drop hammer experimental system device is limited, so that the impact test with higher speed cannot be performed. The lateral impact test of the automobile crash test and the vertical stress component is usually an impact test with a high speed, which is determined by the actual application situation of the research. Such as a vehicle impacting a bridge pier or a highway guardrail, is usually performed on an expressway, and the speed per hour of impacting the vehicle can exceed 100km/h. If a conventional drop hammer impact test device is used at this speed, the drop hammer release height will reach over 38 meters, which is obviously difficult to meet.
(2) The conventional drop hammer device is used for performing lateral impact on a structural member, and the structural member is transversely fixed under a hammer head, so that the purpose of lateral impact test can be achieved. But this approach also has the problem: first, this impact form does not completely simulate the state of an actual structural member being impacted laterally, and a transverse member cannot apply an axial force in the axial direction, nor simulate the boundary constraint condition of the two ends of the member against actual abutment. Secondly, when the conventional drop hammer impacts the structural member, there is gravity acceleration in the impact direction, which may cause secondary collision of the impact object, and the gravity acceleration of the impact object in actual situations is not along the direction of the member.
Therefore, in terms of simulating car collisions and structural member side collisions, conventional drop hammer impact systems have drawbacks that are difficult to solve and situations that reduce test reliability. In addition, a collision of a simulated automobile or other transportation vehicle is also performed by using a real vehicle to accelerate the vehicle model through a slope or a special acceleration runway. These facilities often require larger facilities or proprietary equipment that is expensive to manufacture and maintain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a pulley block amplifying acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a pulley block amplifying acceleration type assembled drop hammer test system comprises a rail, a sliding platform, an impact object, a cable, a test member, a sensor, a bottom steel beam, a four-column frame, a pulley block, a steering pulley, a drop hammer and a counter-force support; the rail, the test member, the four-column frame, the steering pulley and the counter-force support are all arranged on the bottom steel beam; the reaction force support is fixedly connected with the four-column frame; the impact object is fixedly connected with a sliding platform, and the sliding platform is in sliding connection with the track; the test member is positioned between the impactor and the four-column frame; one end of the sensor is connected with the test member, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the four-column frame; the pulley block consists of a fixed pulley and a movable pulley, the fixed pulley is arranged on a cross beam at the top of the four-column frame, and the drop hammer is hung on the movable pulley; one end of the mooring rope is connected with the sliding platform, and the other end of the mooring rope is matched with the unhooking device, passes through the steering pulley, is inserted and wound on the fixed pulley and the movable pulley of the pulley block, and is finally fixedly connected with the last fixed pulley of the pulley block; the unhooking device is located between the sliding platform and the test member.
Further, the unhooking device breaks away the cable from the sliding platform before the moment of impact.
Further, the number of the movable pulleys of the pulley block is n, the falling height of the drop hammer when the cable is separated from the sliding platform is h, and the falling speed isAccording to the working motion principle of the pulley block, the test speed is obtained
Further, the sensor is a force sensor or a displacement sensor.
Further, the diverting pulleys have three.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the pulley block amplifying acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system provided by the invention utilizes the basic mechanical principle, and effectively improves the impact speed of an impact object to simulate the actual collision impact speed under the condition that the experimental space is not excessively increased and other propulsion equipment is not utilized, so that the experiment such as the collision of an automobile and a structure is more convenient and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure, a track 1, a sliding platform 2, an impact object 3, a cable 5, a test member 4, a sensor 6, a bottom steel beam 7, a four-column frame 8, a pulley block 9, a diverting pulley 10, a unhooking device 11, a drop hammer 12 and a counter-force support 13.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the pulley block amplified acceleration drop hammer impact system of the present invention comprises a rail 1, a sliding platform 2, an impact object 3, a cable 5, a test member 4, a sensor 6, a bottom steel beam 7, a four-column frame 8, a pulley block 9, a diverting pulley 10, a drop hammer 12, a counter-force support 13 and a bottom fixed pulley.
The reaction force support 13 is fixed on one side of the four-column frame 8, which is not impacted, through welding or bolting, and forms a self-balancing reaction force system with the four-column frame 8, and the system is mounted on the bottom steel beam 7 through bolts. The impact object 3 is fixed at the front part of the sliding platform 2 in a welding or bolting mode, and the two are combined into an impact source; the sliding platform 2 is placed on the track 1; the track 1 is fixed on the bottom steel beam 7 through the section steel, and the impact collision height can be adjusted by changing the height of the section steel. The test member 4 is an impacted object, the bottom is fixed on the bottom steel beam 7 through the section steel, and the bottom is positioned between the impacted object 3 and the four-column frame 8; the sensor 6 is a force sensor or a displacement sensor, one end of the sensor is connected with the top of the test member 4, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the four-column frame 8, and is used for measuring the impact force or the displacement generated by the top of the test member 4 during impact collision.
The pulley block 9 is arranged on the top cross beam of the four-column frame 8 through bolts; the pulley block 9 consists of a plurality of fixed pulleys and movable pulleys, the fixed pulleys of the pulley block 9 are fixed on the top cross beam of the four-column frame 8, the number of the movable pulleys of the pulley block 9 is n, the falling weight 12 falls off a distance h when the rope 5 is separated from the sliding platform 2 by the unhooking device 11, and the falling weight 12 has the speed ofAccording to the working motion principle of the pulley block, every time one movable pulley is added in the pulley block 9, the motion speed of the sliding platform 2 is correspondingly increased by two times by the cable 5, and the ideal test speed is/>The number of the movable pulleys is determined according to the test speed required by the test, and the fixed pulleys are arranged according to the number of the movable pulleys, wherein the number of the fixed pulleys is not less than n+1. By adjusting the falling distance h of the drop weight 12 when the cable 5 is separated from the sliding platform 2, impact loading tests with different speeds are realized. It should be noted here that, according to the principle of mechanical balance of the pulley block 9, the gravity of the drop weight 12 needs to be greater than 2n times of the friction force between the sliding platform 2 and the rail 1, so that the sliding platform 2 and the impacting object 3 can be driven to move by the free falling body of the drop weight.
One end of the cable 5 is connected with the sliding platform 2, and the other end of the cable is matched with the unhooking device 11, and then sequentially bypasses three steering pulleys 10 fixed on the bottom steel beam 7 and a bottom fixed pulley used for guiding, then is matched with the pulley block 9, and the matched part is penetrated and wound on the fixed pulley and the movable pulley and is fixedly connected with the last fixed pulley of the pulley block 9; the drop hammer 12 is simultaneously hung on the movable pulley of the pulley block 9. The unhooking device 11 is arranged on the bottom steel beam 7 and is positioned between the sliding platform 2 and the test member 4; the distance between the unhooking device 11 and the impact surface of the test member 4 is not smaller than the distance between the connection part of the sliding platform and the cable 5 and the impact surface of the impact object 3.
The working process of the pulley block amplifying acceleration type drop hammer impact system comprises the following steps: releasing the drop weight 12 to drop downwards, driving the cable 5 to move through the pulley block 9 and the diverting pulley 10, and then pulling the sliding platform 2 and the impacting object 3 to impact along the track 1 towards the test member 4; the front unhooking device 11 breaks away the cable 5 from the sliding platform 2 at the moment of impact, so as not to cause damage to the cable system; after the impact object 3 collides with the test member 4, the sensor 6 directly measures the impact force or displacement received by the top of the test member 4; meanwhile, a self-balancing counterforce system formed by the four-column frame 8 and the counterforce support 13 provides counterforce support for impact collision, so that impact and impact experiment simulation are realized.
Furthermore, the impact body 3 of the present invention may be shaped according to the test requirements, such as a simulated car frame, or an actual car model, or other vehicle and collision body model, in a car-column collision. A portal frame may be additionally mounted on the bottom steel beam 7 at the test member 4, which can apply axial forces or other constraints to the test member so that the test can be made more practical for more reliable test results. The components of the invention need to be fixedly connected by bolts, and the detachable design is convenient for assembling and testing in different places.
Claims (3)
1. The pulley block amplification acceleration type assembled drop hammer test system is characterized by comprising a track (1), a sliding platform (2), an impact object (3), a cable (5), a test component (4), a sensor (6), a bottom steel beam (7), a four-column frame (8), a pulley block (9), a steering pulley (10), a unhooking device (11), a drop hammer (12) and a counter-force support (13); the rail (1), the test member (4), the four-column frame (8), the steering pulley (10) and the counter-force support (13) are all arranged on the bottom steel beam (7); the reaction support (13) is fixedly connected with the four-column frame (8); the impact object (3) is fixedly connected with the sliding platform (2), and the sliding platform (2) is connected with the track (1) in a sliding way; the test component (4) is positioned between the impact object (3) and the four-column frame (8); one end of the sensor (6) is connected with the test component (4), and the other end is connected with the four-column frame (8); the pulley block (9) consists of a fixed pulley and a movable pulley, the fixed pulley is arranged on a cross beam at the top of the four-column frame (8), and the drop hammer (12) is hung on the movable pulley; one end of the cable (5) is connected with the sliding platform (2), the other end is matched with the unhooking device (11), and then passes through the steering pulley (10) and is inserted and wound on the fixed pulley and the movable pulley of the pulley block (9), and finally the last fixed pulley of the pulley block (9) is fixedly connected; the unhooking device (11) is positioned between the sliding platform (2) and the test component (4);
the number of the movable pulleys of the pulley block (9) is n, the falling height of the drop hammer (12) is h when the mooring rope (5) is separated from the sliding platform (2), and the speed of the drop hammer (12) is According to the working motion principle of the pulley block, the test speed is obtained 。
2. The pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop test system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (6) is a force sensor or a displacement sensor.
3. The pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop test system according to claim 1, characterized in that the diverting pulleys (10) have three.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010097409.5A CN111175006B (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system |
| PCT/CN2020/135936 WO2021164391A1 (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-12-11 | Pulley block amplification-acceleration-type assembly-type drop hammer test system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010097409.5A CN111175006B (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system |
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| CN111175006A CN111175006A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
| CN111175006B true CN111175006B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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| CN202010097409.5A Active CN111175006B (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system |
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| CN (1) | CN111175006B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021164391A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111175006B (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2024-05-10 | 浙江大学 | Pulley block amplification acceleration type assemblable drop hammer test system |
| CN113686705B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Multi-stress gradient speed-adjustable drop hammer impact test method |
| CN116124620B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-06-27 | 西南交通大学 | Test equipment and test method for pier falling stone impact and water and sand abrasion |
| CN117517095B (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-07-19 | 广东省有色工业建筑质量检测站有限公司 | On-site rapid detection device and detection method for bearing capacity of existing road surface well lid |
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2020
- 2020-02-17 CN CN202010097409.5A patent/CN111175006B/en active Active
- 2020-12-11 WO PCT/CN2020/135936 patent/WO2021164391A1/en active Application Filing
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| JP2007322161A (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2007-12-13 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Dropping weight body for impact test |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111175006A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
| WO2021164391A1 (en) | 2021-08-26 |
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