CN111149717A - Automatic livestock feeding system and method - Google Patents
Automatic livestock feeding system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111149717A CN111149717A CN202010039119.5A CN202010039119A CN111149717A CN 111149717 A CN111149717 A CN 111149717A CN 202010039119 A CN202010039119 A CN 202010039119A CN 111149717 A CN111149717 A CN 111149717A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K5/00—Feeding devices for stock or game ; Feeding wagons; Feeding stacks
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of feeding control, and discloses an automatic livestock feeding system and a feeding method. Poultry automatic feeding system includes: the calf island device comprises a calf island device, a storage device, a first feeding device, a second feeding device, a weighing device and a control device; the storage device comprises a first storage box provided with a first liquid outlet pipe and a second storage box provided with a quantitative discharging mechanism, and the first liquid outlet pipe is provided with a liquid outlet control mechanism; the first feeding device is connected with the first liquid outlet pipe; the second feeding device leads to and is connected with the second storage case, and the second feeding device includes fodder load monitoring mechanism. According to the feeding method, the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative feeding mechanism are controlled according to the day age, the weight and the feed intake of the calves, so that the milk and starter feed of the calves in different growth and development stages and different feeding conditions are accurately fed, and the balance and the accuracy of the nutrient intake of the whole calf group are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeding control, in particular to an automatic livestock feeding system and a feeding method.
Background
Calf refers to cattle from birth to the age of 6 months old. According to the requirement of production management, the cattle receiving period can be divided into a birth period (7-10 days after birth), a lactation period (from birth to 90 days) and a weaning period (from lactation to 6 months). The acquisition of nutrition in the growth stage of calves influences the development and production performance of cows, and if good development is not obtained in the calf stage, the lactation potential of cows in the later stage cannot be fully exerted, which has great influence on the economic benefit of the whole pasture. Rumen is an important digestive organ of ruminant, promotes the ruminant to develop as early as possible on the premise of not influencing the normal development of the ruminant, gives full play to the production performance of the ruminant, and is one of the key points of calf cultivation. The development degree of the rumen is a limiting factor of weaning of calves, particularly the growth of the length of rumen villi is the development of calves and is also related to the capacity and the digestion capacity of the digestive system of adult cows, and high-yield cows must have a huge rumen digestive system to guarantee, so that training the calves to eat as soon as possible is an important measure for stimulating the development of the rumen and improving the food intake, and a foundation is laid for the later high yield.
At present, a series of research and design of feeding methods are developed for the design core of the process of feeding calves and early training of calves to feed, and the feeding of starter becomes a widely applied method for stimulating rumen development without influencing the normal development of calves: the specific implementation situation is that the feeding of calves is divided into 4 stages, namely, a primary feeding period (1-9 days), a starter adaptation period (10-15 days), a starter free feeding period (after 15 days) and a hay free feeding period, wherein 42 days are used as a feeding node, and weaning can be carried out after 42 days. However, in the design and research of starter feed mixed milk feeding, the design of starter feed additive components and preparation methods is mostly focused, specific research on the dosage is rarely carried out, the application method only refers to a starter feed feeding amount specification in a defined approximate range, such as 100-150g per day, and the like, and the feedback and adjustment cannot be carried out according to specific feeding conditions, so that the benefit and the saving are lacked; there is a lack of precise design of the feeding amount for individual calves of different body conditions and different feed intake. In practical operation, the addition of starter feed is mainly determined by feeding personnel according to the long-term feeding experience of the feeding personnel, and the feeding mode has the advantages of simple and crude used equipment, high labor intensity, low feeding precision and high feed loss, is not beneficial to large-scale centralized feeding of calves and is also not beneficial to the promotion of agricultural modernization.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an automatic livestock feeding system and a feeding method, and aims to solve the technical problems of high labor intensity, low feeding precision and high feed consumption in manual feeding in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic livestock feeding system, including: the calf island device comprises a calf island device, a storage device, a first feeding device, a second feeding device, a weighing device and a control device; wherein,
the calf island device comprises a fence and a box body, wherein a closed space is enclosed by the fence and the box body and is used for trapping calves;
the storage device comprises a first storage box and a second storage box, wherein the first storage box is provided with a first liquid outlet pipe, the first liquid outlet pipe is provided with a liquid outlet control mechanism, and the bottom of the second storage box is provided with a quantitative discharging mechanism;
the first feeding device is connected with the first liquid outlet pipe;
the second feeding device is connected with the second storage box through the quantitative discharging mechanism and comprises a feed load monitoring mechanism for monitoring the feed intake of calves;
the control device is respectively connected with the weighing device, the feed load monitoring mechanism, the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative discharging mechanism.
The quantitative discharging mechanism comprises a driving unit, a rotating shaft and a plurality of overturning units, the driving unit is connected with the rotating shaft, the overturning units are adjacent to each other, the rotating shaft is connected in a rotating mode, a channel penetrates through the overturning units, the channel on the overturning units is different from the channel on the overturning units, and the channel on the overturning units is arranged in a mode that the rotating shaft rotates in different angles and different from the channel on the overturning units in different cross-sectional areas.
The turnover unit comprises a first sphere, a second sphere and a third sphere, wherein a first channel penetrates through the first sphere, a second channel penetrates through the second sphere, a third channel penetrates through the third sphere, the cross-sectional area of the first channel is larger than that of the third channel, the cross-sectional area of the second channel is larger than that of the third channel and smaller than that of the first channel, the first channel and the third channel are vertically arranged, and the second channel is arranged around the rotating shaft at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the first channel.
The first feeding device comprises a tank body, a stirring mechanism, a liquid level monitoring mechanism, a first temperature monitoring mechanism and a sucking mechanism, wherein the tank body is communicated with the first liquid outlet pipe, the sucking mechanism is communicated with the tank body and is positioned at the bottom of the tank body, and the stirring mechanism, the liquid level monitoring mechanism and the first temperature monitoring mechanism are all arranged inside the tank body.
The tank body is of a multilayer structure, a first side face inside the multilayer structure is a sealed vacuum layer, a second side face and a third side face which are adjacent to the left side and the right side of the first side face and a fourth side face opposite to the first side face are arranged inside the multilayer structure, and a weighing layer is arranged at the bottom of the tank body.
Wherein, still include the cell body, cell body one end is located in the sealed vacuum layer, and with the internal portion intercommunication of jar, the other end orientation of cell body the second storage case, the internal portion of weighing is equipped with a plurality of pressure sensor, the inside heating unit that is equipped with of zone of heating.
The fence comprises a first fence, a second fence and a third fence, one end of the first fence is connected with a first side face of the box body, a second end of the first fence is provided with a first buckling part, a first end of the second fence is provided with a second buckling part, a second end of the second fence is provided with a third buckling part, a first end of the third fence is provided with a fourth buckling part, a second end of the third fence is connected with a second side face of the box body, the first buckling part is in buckling connection with the second buckling part, and the third buckling part is in buckling connection with the fourth buckling part.
The box body comprises a ventilation mechanism, a health-care lamp, a heating lamp and a second temperature monitoring mechanism, the ventilation mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the box body, the health-care lamp and the heating lamp are arranged on the inner side wall of the box body respectively, the health-care lamp and the heating lamp are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the box body, and the second temperature monitoring mechanism is arranged inside the box body.
The invention also discloses a feeding method of the automatic livestock feeding system, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the day age of calves to be fed;
acquiring the weight of the calf monitored by the weighing device;
acquiring the feed intake of the calf monitored by the feed load monitoring mechanism;
and the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative discharging mechanism are controlled according to the day age of the calf to be fed, and the quantitative discharging mechanism is controlled according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake of the calf.
Wherein, according to the age in days of the calf of waiting to feed control play liquid control mechanism and ration unloading mechanism includes:
s1, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a first set day age interval, if so, skipping to S2, otherwise, judging whether the calves to be fed are in a second set day age interval, and if so, skipping to S5;
s2, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a first sub-interval of a first set day age, if so, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a first single feeding amount to the first feeding device, otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a second sub-interval of the first set day age, if so, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a second single feeding amount to the first feeding device, otherwise, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a third single feeding amount to the first feeding device;
s3, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a fourth subinterval of a first set day age, if so, controlling the first feeding device to discharge, otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a fifth subinterval of the first set day age, if so, executing a step S4, otherwise, controlling the first feeding device to discharge and executing a step S5;
s4, controlling the quantitative blanking mechanism to put a first set amount of material into a first feeding device according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake amount of the calf, and controlling the first feeding device to discharge after stirring;
s5, controlling the quantitative discharging mechanism to discharge a second set amount of materials to a second feeding device according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake amount of the calf, and controlling the second feeding device to discharge.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the automatic livestock feeding system and the feeding method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the day age of calves is obtained, the weight of the calves is obtained by the weighing device, the feed intake of the calves is obtained by the feed load monitoring mechanism, and the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative feeding mechanism are controlled according to the day age, the weight and the feed intake of the calves, so that the milk and starting materials of the calves in different growth and development stages and different feeding conditions are accurately fed, the balance and the accuracy of the nutrient intake of the whole calves group are ensured, the automation of the milk supply and feeding process is realized, the feeding efficiency, the quality and the production performance of the calves are improved, the feed cost is saved, the accuracy and the automation of the feeding of the calves are realized, and good economic benefits are obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a livestock automatic feeding system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a calf island device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first storage bin according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second storage bin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the quantitative blanking mechanism of the present embodiment at the initial gear position;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a first feeding device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of the operation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
101: a calf island device; 102: a material storage device; 103: a first feeding device; 104: a control panel; 105: a second feeding device; 106: a weighing device; 107: an information processing mechanism; 108: a baffle plate; 109: a drinking trough; 201: a wire hole; 202: a health care lamp; 203: a heating lamp; 204: a second temperature monitoring mechanism; 205: a console; 206: a vent; 207: a ventilation window; 208: a locking bar; 209: a vent hole; 210: a box body; 211: a first fence; 212: a second fence; 213: a semicircular iron ring; 214: closing the circular ring; 215: a third fence; 301: a first material storage box; 302: a first liquid outlet pipe; 303: a second material storage tank; 304: a quantitative blanking mechanism; 305: a linkage sphere; 306: a drive motor; 307: a rotating shaft; 308: a discharging pipe; 401: a first channel; 402: a second channel; 403: a third channel; 501: a tank body; 502: a stirring mechanism; 503: heating a tube; 504: a liquid level meter transmitting end; 505: weighing the layer; 506: a sucking mechanism; 507: a milk inlet pipe; 508: an alarm; 509: a frequency converter; 510: a slot window; 511: a trough body; 512: a liquid level meter receiving end; 513: a first temperature monitoring mechanism; 514: a milk outlet pipe; 601: a heating layer; 602: sealing the vacuum layer; 603: and (6) a waste liquid outlet.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment of the invention discloses an automatic livestock feeding system, which comprises: calf island device 101, storage device 102, first feeding device 103, second feeding device 105, weighing device 106 and controlling means. Wherein,
Specifically, the fence includes a first fence 211, a second fence 212 and a third fence 215, the first fence 211 and the third fence 215 are respectively located at the left and right sides of the second fence 212, and the fences and the box 210 enclose a closed space. The storing device 102 is fixed at the top position of the left end of the second fence 212, the first feeding device 103 is fixed at the middle upper position of the second fence 212, the second feeding device 105 is fixed at the middle lower position of the second fence 212, and the weighing device 106 is fixed on the ground in the fence and abuts against the bottom of the second fence 212. A drinking trough 109 is also arranged and is fixed below the right end of the second fence 212 and is flush with the second feeding device 105, and the control device is also connected with an electromagnetic valve of the drinking trough 109 and controls the water amount in the drinking trough 109 through the electromagnetic valve.
The control device comprises a control panel 104 and an information processing mechanism 107, an operator can use the control panel 104 to control each adjusting part of the feeding system and can also display various monitored information in the feeding system, and the information processing mechanism 107 can process the collected information and control the corresponding mechanism to perform corresponding action. The control panel 104 also has data display, manual adjustment, timing and time reporting, Wi-Fi, and real-time data uploading functions. The information processing mechanism 107 comprises a single chip microcomputer and a power supply unit, working software is embedded in the single chip microcomputer and is respectively electrically connected with the electric measuring and controlling mechanism of the material storage device 102, the liquid outlet control mechanism, the quantitative blanking mechanism 304, the weighing device 106 and the drinking trough 109 and the control panel 104, the single chip microcomputer can process data and control the data through the control panel 104, and the control panel 104 displays the processed information to a feeder so as to realize the flow process of the matching method of the whole set of accurate feeding system. The control panel 104 is fixed at the top center position of the outer side of the second fence 212, and the information processing mechanism 107 is fixed at the right middle position of the outer side of the second fence 212.
The weighing device 106 includes a weighing platform, a pressure sensor, a display screen, a baffle 108, and an RFID reader. The weighing platform provides the calf standing requirement; the four pressure sensors are arranged at the bottom of the weighing platform and used for monitoring the weight of the calf; the RFID reader is fixed on the middle-upper part of the front end of the baffle 108, the identity information and the growth information of the calf can be identified through the electronic tag on the calf body (the identity information includes but is not limited to the age of the day and parents, the growth information includes but is not limited to the ingestion time, the ingestion amount, the weight, the age of the calf, the illness condition, the medication condition and the like), the RFID reader is in bidirectional signal transmission with the information processing mechanism 107, and the latest growth information and the identity information of the calf are added and updated; the display screen can show that the weighing platform monitors the weight of the calves and the information identified by the RFID reader-writer so as to be referred and recorded by the breeder. This baffle 108 is independent baffle 108 that can inlay formula, and baffle 108 erects by weighing device 106 to stop the calf can incline the convenience of the first feed of stretching of body, must be whole cow body station on the platform of weighing when guaranteeing the calf feed.
The box 210 has an opening, is hollow inside, has a trapezoidal cross section, has a circular arc top, and has linear side surfaces and linear bottom surfaces. The circular arc-shaped top is made of a double-layer color steel plate and a polystyrene foam plate with the thickness of 0.1m sandwiched in the middle, and the side wall and the bottom wall are made of an inorganic glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation plate with a polystyrene foam plate with the thickness of 0.2m sandwiched in the middle.
The storage device 102 comprises a first storage box 301 and a second storage box 303, the first storage box 301 is provided with a first liquid outlet pipe 302, a liquid outlet control mechanism is arranged on the first liquid outlet pipe 302, and a quantitative discharging mechanism 304 is arranged at the bottom of the second storage box 303.
Specifically, the first storage tank 301 is used for storing milk, and the output amount of the milk is controlled by the liquid outlet control mechanism, and the second storage tank 303 is used for storing a starting material, and the output amount of the starting material is controlled by the quantitative discharging mechanism 304. The first storage box 301 and the second storage box 303 are both made of high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating materials, and the tops of the first storage box and the second storage box are both used as feed inlets through loose-leaf movably connected top covers. First storage tank 301 and second storage tank 303 set up the welding together side by side, and first drain pipe 302 sets up in the bottom of first storage tank 301, is made by edible, scalable heat-resisting plastic material. The liquid outlet control mechanism can adopt an electromagnetic valve or other valve bodies to control the milk to flow out or stop.
The first feeding device 103 is connected with a first liquid outlet pipe 302.
The first feeding device 103 at least comprises a tank 501 and a sucking mechanism 506 arranged at the bottom of the tank 501, and calves can suck milk in the tank 501 through the sucking mechanism 506.
The second feeding device 105 is connected with the second storage box 303 through a quantitative blanking mechanism 304, and the second feeding device 105 comprises a feed load monitoring mechanism for monitoring the feed variation.
The second feeding device 105 at least comprises a food opening trough which is positioned under the first feeding device 103, the food opening trough is constructed into a non-cover frame body, the bottom surface is of a double-layer structure, and a feed load monitoring mechanism is arranged in the double-layer structure, the feed load monitoring mechanism can adopt a pressure sensor to monitor the variation of the food opening trough and indirectly obtain the ingestion condition of the calf (namely, the variation of the food opening trough can be regarded as the variation of the calf before and after ingestion, and note that the ingestion condition only represents the feed variation in the second feeding device 105, namely, the food opening trough), and the pressure sensor is connected with a control device and has the functions of quantitatively monitoring and controlling the food opening trough through a quantitative discharging mechanism 304.
The control device is respectively connected with the weighing device 106, the feed load monitoring mechanism, the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative discharging mechanism 304, and receives signals sent by the corresponding devices and mechanisms.
According to the automatic livestock feeding system and the feeding method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the day age of calves is obtained, the weight of the calves is obtained by the weighing device, the feed intake of the calves is obtained by the feed load monitoring mechanism, and the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative feeding mechanism are controlled according to the day age, the weight and the feed intake of the calves, so that the milk and starting materials of the calves in different growth and development stages and different feeding conditions are accurately fed, the balance and the accuracy of the nutrient intake of the whole calves group are ensured, the automation of the milk supply and feeding process is realized, the feeding efficiency, the quality and the production performance of the calves are improved, the feed cost is saved, the accuracy and the automation of the feeding of the calves are realized, and good economic benefits are obtained.
Wherein, quantitative unloading mechanism 304 includes drive unit, axis of rotation 307 and a plurality of upset units, and drive unit is connected with axis of rotation 307, and adjacent upset unit rotates through axis of rotation 307 to be connected and forms linkage upset unit, and it has the passageway to run through on the upset unit, and the passageway on the different upset unit is different angle settings along axis of rotation 307 rotation direction, and the passageway cross-sectional area on the different upset unit is different. Specifically, the driving unit may adopt a driving motor 306, an output shaft of the driving motor 306 is connected to a rotating shaft 307, and drives the rotating shaft 307 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 307 drives each flipping unit to rotate together. The upset unit sets up in the bottom of second storage case 303, make open the foodstuff and carry out the unloading through the passageway of upset unit, controlling means control motor operation, make the upset unit rotate, passageway one end and the inside intercommunication of second storage case 303 in the upset unit, when the other end is down, it carries out the unloading from second storage case 303 to open foodstuff accessible passageway, because the passageway cross sectional area in the different upset units is different, can carry out the unloading according to the corresponding passageway of required foodstuff control of opening, in order to realize accurate unloading. The operation of controlling means control driving motor is passed through to this embodiment to the ration unloading of opening the foodstuff is realized to the angle that sets up of control passage.
Further, the sphere includes a first sphere, a second sphere and a third sphere, the first sphere has a first channel 401 therethrough, the second sphere has a second channel 402 therethrough, the third sphere has a third channel 403 therethrough, the cross-sectional area of the first channel 401 is larger than that of the third channel 403, the cross-sectional area of the second channel 402 is larger than that of the third channel 403 and smaller than that of the first channel 401, the first channel 401 is perpendicular to the third channel 403, and the second channel 402 is arranged at 45 ° clockwise with respect to the first channel 401 about the rotation axis 307. Specifically, adjacent spheres are connected by a rotating shaft 307 to form a linkage sphere 305, which rotates together. In this embodiment, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the first channel 401 to the cross-sectional area of the second channel 402 to the cross-sectional area of the third channel is 100:10:1, that is, the blanking amount ratio of the first channel 401 to the second channel 402 to the third channel 403 is 100:10: 1. The first channel 401, the second channel 402 and the third channel 403 are respectively coated with Teflon anti-sticking coatings, which play roles of preventing adhesion and protecting devices. In specific operation, the quantitative blanking mechanism 304 of the embodiment has four gears, when the gear is started, the second channel 402 is in a horizontal state, and the first channel 401 and the third channel 403 respectively deflect 45 counterclockwise and clockwise by taking the horizontal state as a reference; the first channel 401 is communicated with blanking when the first gear is rotated anticlockwise by 45 degrees on the basis of the initial gear, the second channel 402 is communicated with blanking when the second gear is rotated anticlockwise by 90 degrees on the basis of the initial gear, the third channel 403 is communicated with blanking when the third gear is rotated anticlockwise by 135 degrees on the basis of the initial gear, and the third channel is rotated 180 degrees on the basis of the initial gear to return to the initial gear. Other included angle relationships among the first channel 401, the second channel 402 and the third channel 403 and other gears can be designed according to actual needs.
Further, the blanking device also comprises a blanking pipe 308, wherein one end of the blanking pipe 308 is provided with three branches which are respectively communicated with the first channel 401, the second channel 402 and the third channel 403, the other end of the blanking pipe is a main path, and the blanking of the first channel 401, the second channel 402 and the third channel 403 is collected and blanked uniformly through the blanking pipe 308. The blanking tube 308 is made of edible, stretchable and heat-resistant plastic material.
Wherein the first feeding isThe device 103 comprises a tank body 501, a stirring mechanism 502, a liquid level monitoring mechanism, a first temperature monitoring mechanism 513 and a sucking mechanism 506, wherein the tank body 501 is communicated with the first liquid outlet pipe 302, the sucking mechanism 506 is communicated with the tank body 501 and is positioned at the bottom of the tank body 501, and the stirring mechanism 502, the liquid level monitoring mechanism and the first temperature monitoring mechanism 513 are all arranged inside the tank body 501. Specifically, the tank 501 in this embodiment is a hollow structure with a capacity of 5 liters as a container for containing milk, the top of the tank 501 is provided with a milk inlet pipe 507, the milk inlet pipe 507 is provided with a one-way liquid inlet valve, the tank 501 is communicated with the first liquid outlet pipe 302 through the milk inlet pipe 507, the bottom of the tank 501 is provided with a milk outlet pipe 514, the milk outlet pipe 514 is provided with a one-way liquid outlet valve, and the one-way liquid inlet valve and the one-way liquid outlet valve are both electrically controlled valves and are electrically connected to the frequency converter 509 and the control device, so as to realize the frequency conversion function. The milk inlet tube 507 and the milk outlet tube 514 are made of food grade plastic tubes, the milk outlet tube 514 is designed in a telescopic snake shape, the height of the milk outlet tube 514 can be conveniently adjusted according to the increase of calves, the sucking mechanism 506 is arranged at the tail end of the milk outlet tube 514, and the sucking mechanism 506 can adopt a mode of beingSuck the foodA machine, etc. Rabbling mechanism 502 is as the facility when cow milk and feed mixing stirring are fed, and it includes agitator motor, puddler and stirring rake, agitator motor's pivot and the upper end fixed connection of puddler, the stirring rake setting is on the puddler, and the stirring rake is located jar internal portion central authorities, agitator motor and controlling means electric connection to control agitator motor stirs the mixture, makes the milk heating even, and the mixture misce bene. The liquid level monitoring mechanism can be a liquid level meter or a liquid level sensor, and the like, and the milk liquid level height in the tank body 501 is monitored through the liquid level meter transmitting end 504 and the liquid level meter receiving end 512. The first temperature monitoring mechanism 513 may employ a temperature sensor electrically connected to the control device, and acquires the milk temperature in real time to adjust the heating state of the heating layer 601. An alarm 508 is further arranged on the outer side of the tank body 501, the alarm 508 is an audible and visual alarm 508, and an alarm is given when an error occurs in the work flow.
The tank 501 is a multi-layer structure, a first side surface inside the multi-layer structure is a sealed vacuum layer 602, a second side surface, a third side surface and a fourth side surface opposite to the first side surface, which are adjacent to the first side surface in the left and right directions, inside the multi-layer structure, are provided with a heating layer 601, and the bottom of the tank 501 is provided with a weighing layer 505. Specifically, the tank 501 of this embodiment is a double-layer structure, and includes an inner shell and an outer shell, where the inner shell is made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-conductive material, the outer shell is made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material, four partitions are uniformly arranged on the side surface of the tank 501 and between the inner shell and the outer shell along the circumferential direction, and the circumferential space between the inner shell and the outer shell is equally divided into four parts, namely, the four parts are respectively located on a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface and a fourth side surface, the first side surface is a sealed vacuum layer 602, and is required for a space for installing various hardware, and a waste liquid outlet 603 with a control valve is arranged at the bottom of the first side; the second side face, the third side face and the fourth side face are provided with a heating layer 601, the top of the heating layer 601 is not covered, the heating layer is vertically opened to form a water adding ring, hot water is added into the water adding ring, a heating pipe 503 is placed in the hot water for water bath heating, and the top of the heating layer 601 is provided with a wire hole 201 for the wiring of the heating pipe 503. The weighing layer 505 is electrically connected to a control device for monitoring the weight change of the liquid in the tank 501.
Further, still include cell body 511, in sealed vacuum layer 602 was located to cell body 511 one end, and with the inside intercommunication of jar body 501, the other end of cell body 511 is towards the bottom of second storage case 303, can receive the division foodstuff in the second storage case 303 and carry to jar internal 501, sealed vacuum layer 602 top hinge installation slot 510, the inside a plurality of pressure sensor that are equipped with of layer 505 of weighing, the inside heating unit that is equipped with of zone of heating 601. The trough 511 in this embodiment is used for conveying the starter to the tank 501, so that the milk starter is mixed, stirred and fed. The weighing layer 505 is provided with four pressure sensors uniformly in the circumferential direction. The heating unit can adopt a W-shaped stainless steel electric heating pipe 503, is vertically arranged inside the heating layer 601, and is electrically connected with the control device through the wire hole 201, so that the function of heating milk in an adjustable water bath is realized. The weighing layer 505 realizes accurate and stable monitoring and control of the timed milk amount by using the PID control function of the frequency converter 509.
The fence comprises a first fence 211, a second fence 212 and a third fence 215, one end of the first fence 211 is connected with a first side face of the box body 210, a second end of the first fence 211 is provided with a first buckling part, a first end of the second fence 212 is provided with a second buckling part, a second end of the second fence 212 is provided with a third buckling part, a first end of the third fence 215 is provided with a fourth buckling part, a second end of the third fence 215 is connected with a second side face of the box body 210, the first buckling part is in buckling connection with the second buckling part, and the third buckling part is in buckling connection with the fourth buckling part. In this embodiment, the first fence 211, the second fence 212 and the third fence 215 are detachably connected by using the fasteners, so that staff in a cattle farm can conveniently enter and exit the calf island device 101 for cleaning, and meanwhile, the requirements of moving and using are met. Specifically, the first fastening portion and the third fastening portion in this embodiment are three closed rings 214 arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction, the second fastening portion and the fourth fastening portion are three semi-circular iron rings 213 arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction, and the first fence 211, the second fence 212 and the third fence 215 are fixed and detached by means of the ring fastening and the releasing between the closed rings 214 and the semi-circular iron rings 213. The second fence 212 is longer than the first fence 211 and the third fence 215, so that a trapezoidal space is enclosed among the first fence 211, the second fence 212, the third fence 215 and the box body 210, and sufficient space for the calves to turn on their sides and turn around is provided.
The box body 210 comprises a ventilation mechanism, a health-care lamp 202, a heating lamp 203 and a second temperature monitoring mechanism 204, the ventilation mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the box body 210, the health-care lamp 202 and the heating lamp 203 are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the box body 210, the health-care lamp 202 and the heating lamp 203 are symmetrically arranged with the axis of the box body 210, and the second temperature monitoring mechanism 204 is arranged inside the box body 210. The box 210 is also provided with a console 205 for controlling the working state and other controls of the health care lamps 202 and the heating lamps 203, and can also present the temperature monitored by the second temperature monitoring mechanism 204. The ventilation mechanism comprises ventilation holes 209 and ventilation windows which are arranged on the box body 210, the ventilation holes 209 are arranged at the rear end of the ridge in three longitudinal rows, and the number of the ventilation windows is two, and the two ventilation windows are respectively positioned at the symmetrical positions of the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body 210. The ventilation window comprises a ventilation opening 206 arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of a box body 210 and a ventilation window 207 arranged on the ventilation opening 206, a supporting groove is arranged at the bottom of the ventilation opening 206, the upper end of the ventilation window 207 is hinged on the box body 210 through a hinge, a locking strip 208 is arranged at the lower end of the ventilation window, a lock catch which forms locking or unlocking with the locking strip 208 is correspondingly arranged on the box body 210, and the supporting groove is used for supporting the locking strip 208 after the ventilation window 207 is opened. The health-care lamp 202 is a medium-wave ultraviolet tube health-care lamp, particularly an zwb15-1 type ultraviolet health-care lamp, is beneficial and harmless to people and livestock in a medium-wave stage of 280 plus 380 nanometers, the health-care lamp 202 is positioned at the top of a dome of the box body 210 and is 1.5 meters away from the ground, has a voltage transformation control function, is connected with the console 205 by a lead and a data wire to realize an intelligent voltage control design, and irradiates for 1-2 hours every night with 5 watts in winter with less sunlight irradiation and long breeding time, so that the effects of preventing rickets of calves and promoting the growth of the calves are achieved. The heating lamp 203 can adopt an infrared heating lamp, has a voltage transformation control function, is connected with the control console 205 by a lead and a data line to realize an intelligent temperature control design, can adjust proper voltage according to different seasons, ages in days and the temperature in the box, and provides lighting and heating functions for calves. The second temperature monitoring mechanism 204 may employ a temperature sensor. The console 205 is disposed outside the case 210, and the case 210 is further provided with wire holes 201 for connecting wires of the respective components.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a feeding method of the automatic livestock feeding system, which comprises the following steps:
the control device acquires the day age of calves to be fed;
the control device acquires the weight of the calf monitored by the weighing device 106;
the control device acquires the feed intake of the calves monitored by the feed load monitoring mechanism;
the control device controls the liquid discharging control mechanism and the quantitative discharging mechanism 304 according to the day age of the calf to be fed, and the control device controls the quantitative discharging mechanism 304 according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake of the calf.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, when the pressure sensor in the weighing device 106 receives the pressure signal, the information is sent to the single chip microcomputer (i.e., "computer" in fig. 7) in the control device to determine whether it is any time that the calf eats: the control device judges that the signal is transmitted to the control panel 104 according to the judgment signal, and the control panel 104 controls the liquid outlet control mechanism, the quantitative blanking mechanism 304, the first feeding device 103 and the second feeding device 105 to work according to the feeding time of the calves and historical data of the food intake, the weight and the daily gain of the calves which are acquired and transmitted by the single chip microcomputer in real time.
The control device controls the liquid discharging control mechanism and the quantitative discharging mechanism 304 according to the age of the calf to be fed, and comprises:
s1, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a first set day age interval, if so, skipping to S2, otherwise, judging whether the calves to be fed are in a second set day age interval, and if so, skipping to S5;
s2, judging whether the day age of calves to be fed is in a first sub-interval of a first set day age, if so, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a first single feeding amount to the first feeding device 103, otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a second sub-interval of the first set day age, if so, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a second single feeding amount to the first feeding device 103, otherwise, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a third single feeding amount to the first feeding device 103;
s3, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a fourth subinterval of the first set day age, if so, controlling the first feeding device 103 to discharge, otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a fifth subinterval of the first set day age, if so, executing a step S4, otherwise, controlling the first feeding device 103 to discharge and executing a step S5;
s4, controlling the quantitative blanking mechanism 304 to put a first set amount of material into the first feeding device 103 according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake of the calf, and controlling the first feeding device 103 to discharge after stirring;
s5, controlling the quantitative blanking mechanism 304 to put a second set amount of material into the second feeding device 105 according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake of the calf, and controlling the second feeding device 105 to discharge.
As shown in fig. 8, the specific steps include:
firstly, setting basic conditions:
after the calves enter the calf island device 101 on the first day, the day age of the calves, the voltage and the duration of the infrared heating lamp are manually set on the control console 205, and the temperature in the box body 210 is kept constant to the optimal growth temperature of the calves through data display of the temperature sensor on the control console 205; along with the growth and development of calves, the whole automatic temperature control design of the box body 210 can be realized through the automatic temperature control button.
The switch button of the medium-wave ultraviolet health-care lamp is manually turned on in winter with less sunlight irradiation and long rearing time, the voltage and the duration are adjusted, the necessary ultraviolet supplement in short time is carried out, the effects of preventing rickets of calves and promoting the growth of calves are achieved, and the calf health-care lamp is recommended to be irradiated for 1-2 hours every night with 5 watts in winter with less sunlight irradiation and long rearing time.
Secondly, automatic feeding at regular time
After the calf enters the calf island on the first day, feeding time of the calf three times a day is manually set on the control console 205, namely three time timing starting time of the whole feeding system. The specific timing feeding process comprises the following steps:
when weighing device 106's pressure sensor received pressure, send pressure signal to the singlechip among the controlling means, judge whether this is the calf time of eating of arbitrary once:
when the time is the first time of timing starting, the singlechip starts to work, and the specific steps are as follows:
1. firstly, controlling an RFID reader-writer to work, and acquiring the day age d and the last (namely the previous day) weight information x of the calfd-1And recording the weight information x of the calves in the pressure sensor of the calves weighing device 106 at the moment;
2. then judging whether the day age of the calf is in a 'feeding' interval or a 'free food only' interval:
(1) if the milk feeding device is in a milk feeding interval, calculating the milk feeding amount corresponding to the day age according to a formula, and conveying milk to the tank body 501 through the first storage tank 301, monitoring the change of the milk amount in the tank in real time through the weighing layer 505, sending a signal to the single chip microcomputer after the calculated value is reached, stopping conveying milk to the first storage tank 301 after the conveying valve is controlled to be closed by the single chip microcomputer, and starting a water bath heating program, wherein the water bath heating program specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the stirring mechanism 502, the heating pipe 503 and the temperature sensor in the first storage tank 301 to work, and stopping the work when the temperature sensor senses that the temperature of the liquid in the first storage tank 301 is a predetermined temperature in real time; judging the day age interval of the calves again:
a. if the day age of the calf is in the 'milk feeding only' interval, the single chip microcomputer controls the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve of the tank body 501 to be opened for 5 minutes and then closed, the next working time is specified as the second timing starting time, and the step of judging whether the pressure sensor of the calf weighing device 106 is subjected to pressure is skipped to;
b. if the day age of the calf is in a milk mixing and feeding interval, the singlechip controls the one-way liquid outlet valve of the tank body 501 to be opened, when the liquid level meter detects that the liquid level reaches a set position, the one-way liquid outlet valve is controlled to be closed, the amount of food starting materials corresponding to the day age is calculated according to a formula, after quantitative discharging is carried out by the quantitative discharging mechanism 304 of the second storage tank 303, the stirring mechanism 502 is controlled to start working for 20 seconds, the one-way liquid outlet valve of the tank body 501 is controlled to be opened for 5 minutes and then closed, next working time is specified as second timing starting time, and whether the pressure sensor of the calf weighing device 106 is subjected to pressure or not is judged;
c. if the feeding time is in the interval of 'feeding milk + free food', judging whether the time is the first time timing starting time again, if so, controlling the feed load monitoring mechanism to record the residual material information in the food starting trough by the singlechip, and controlling the quantitative blanking mechanism 304 to carry out quantitative blanking according to the value obtained by subtracting the residual material information from the calculated value. Opening a one-way liquid outlet valve of the tank body 501 for 5 minutes and then closing the one-way liquid outlet valve, setting the next working time as the second timing starting time, and jumping to a pressure sensor judging step; otherwise, directly discharging according to the calculated value quantitatively, controlling the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve of the tank body 501 to be opened for 5 minutes and then closed, and setting the next working time as the second timing starting time, and skipping to the step of judging whether the pressure sensor of the calf weighing device 106 is subjected to pressure or not.
(2) If the free foodstuff is in the free foodstuff only interval, the operation steps of the free foodstuff in the step c are carried out.
And (3) when the time is the second time of timing starting, starting the single chip microcomputer to work, specifically, performing the step (1), judging whether the time is the first time of starting again, determining whether the time is the second time of timing starting, and performing the step of timing starting again, wherein the step of ending specifies that the next time of working is the third time of timing starting, and skipping to the step of judging whether the pressure sensor of the weighing device 106 is subjected to pressure.
When the time is the third time of timing starting, the single chip starts to work, the specific steps are carried out according to the step (1), whether the time is the first time of starting is judged again, whether the time is the second time of starting is judged again, and the step of timing starting time is carried out again for the third time, wherein when the step is ended, all processes are ended, and the step jumps to the step that n is 1 to be the most initial.
3. Feeding by precise method
This embodiment utilizes a calf colostrum to open new method of food material mixed feeding to feed, and this method is through the combination of colostrum and the different volume of food material of opening, prepares the accurate feeding method that satisfies the balanced nutrition needs daily ration of calf in different growth stages, has the computational formula of colostrum quantity, the food material quantity specifically to each growth stage, and all incorporates the working process of singlechip. The operation mechanism of the accurate feeding method is as follows:
the nutrition requirement of the calf in the early growth and development stage is a regular linear progressive process, if the colostrum amount required in different growth stages is mapped, the diagram is actually a plurality of straight line diagrams consisting of different slopes, and the slope (namely the colostrum amount increased in each stage) is gradually reduced along with the continuous increase of the growth stages (namely three stages of 1-7 days, 8-22 days and 23-42 days), namely the colostrum feeding amount of the calf is always increased until the weaning and the colostrum daily increase amount are reduced along with the increase of the growth stages. Whereas the slope of all calves specific to a certain growth phase is constant, i.e. the amount of colostrum required for different calves of the same growth phase is the same. Therefore, the demand of the colostrum for the calves is changed along with the increase of the day age, and the invention designs an accurate colostrum quantity algorithm taking the day age of the calves as an independent variable (wherein Y is Y) aiming at the colostrum feeding period (from birth to weaning) of the calves and taking northern calves as an example1The total fresh milk quantity (unit: kg) d is the age of day (unit: day)):
Y1＝4.100+0.01(d-1) when d is not less than 1 and not more than 7
Y1When d is greater than 8 and less than 22, 4.170+0.005d
Y1When d is equal to or greater than 23 and equal to or less than 42, 0.240+0.001d
Meanwhile, the growth and development, the physique, the survival rate, the rumen development and the utilization rate of roughage of the calves can be improved to different degrees by timely feeding the calves with starter feed, the nutrition in the starter feed required by adding 1 unit of weight is the same, various nutrition requirement maps required by the calves with different weights are a plurality of straight line maps composed of different slopes, and the slope from one straight line to another is unchanged, namely, the nutrition requirement of the dairy cow from low weight to high weight is a regular linear progressive process. Therefore, according to the nutritional requirements of the lowest weight calf and the highest weight calf of the cow in the cow farm (or a cow herd), after the starter material consumption is determined, the starter material consumption required by a certain calf in the calf farm is calculated, and the nutritional requirements of the growth and development of the calves with different weights can be met.
In this embodiment, the balance and precision of nutrition intake of the whole calf group are taken as targets, the variable of the weight of the calf is introduced and used as a unique independent variable in the starter adaptation stage of the calf (the day age of the calf is 10-15 days), the maximum starter feeding amount of the lowest weight of the whole calf group is taken as a reference, the starter feeding amount of the calf changes along with the change of the weight of the calf is taken as a general design idea, and the balance and precision starter feeding amount algorithm (wherein, Z is the balance and precision starter feeding amount algorithm) taking the weight of the calf as an independent variabled maxThe highest feeding amount (unit: g) of the calf with the lowest weight of the same age is xd-xd minSubtracting the lowest weight (unit: kg) of the same age from the weight of the head calf; graddGradient, 10g in 10-15 days; x is the number ofd max-xd minThe highest weight minus the lowest weight (unit: kg) for the same age, all parameters were measured on the day:
Zd＝(Zd max+[(xd-xd min)×gradd/(xd max-xd min)])/3
that is, the feed amount added into the milk barrel once is equal to the highest feed amount of the calf with the same age and the lowest weight + [ the weight of the calf with the same age-the lowest weight ] multiplied by gradient/the highest weight-the lowest weight of the same age ]
The method specifically comprises the following steps: feeding starter feed for calves from day 10, feeding 100-150 g/head calves from day 10-15, and taking 10g as a gradient, namely, the highest starter feed feeding amount of the calves with the lowest weight at day 10 is 100g, the highest starter feed feeding amount of the calves with the lowest weight at day 11 is 110g, and so on. The starter feed is added when the milk in the tank body 501 is left at 2/3, and the calf is sucked after stirring so as to adapt to the starter feed. After the time period, the calves can learn to eat, and the starter diet is a granular starter diet.
The first two time periods, namely 1-9 days and 10-15 days, are aimed at accurately and uniformly meeting the basic colostrum nutritional requirement of newborn calves and the adaptive requirement of starter food, the free feed intake period (from the 16 th day) of the starter food is the high-speed period of individual growth and development of the calves, the calves which are increased on different days and feed intake are accurately met, the feed resources are saved as the overall design idea on the basis of not limiting the highest feed intake of the calves on the same day, and namely, the accurate feed intake algorithm (wherein, the G daily gain of the calves is used as an independent variable) is realizedd-1The feed opening amount (unit: g), (x) of the cattle one day befored-1-xd-2)-(xd-1-xd-2)minSubtracting the lowest daily gain (unit: kg), (x) of the same age cattle one day before the cattled-1-xd-2)max-(xd-1-xd-2)minThe highest daily gain of the same-age calf is subtracted by the lowest daily gain (unit: kg) of the same-age calf in the previous day, Fd-1 max-Fd-2 minSubtracting the minimum feed intake (unit: g) of the cattle of the same age from the maximum feed intake of the cattle of the same age on the previous day; 16 < d < 42):
Gd＝[Gd-1+[(xd-1-xd-2)-(xd-1-xd-2)min]/[(xd-1-xd-2)max-(xd-1-xd-2)min]× (Fd-1 max-Fd-2 min)]/3
that is, the feed opening amount added into the feed opening groove once is equal to the feed opening amount of the cattle one day before + [ daily gain of the cattle one day before-the lowest daily gain of the cattle at the same age ] + [ maximum daily gain of the cattle one day before-the lowest daily gain of the cattle at the same age ] } (maximum feed intake one day before the cattle at the same age-the minimum feed intake one day before the cattle at the same age) ]x
4. Quantitative automatic feeding
The quantitative automatic feeding is divided into two modules, namely milk quantitative automatic feeding and food quantitative automatic feeding. Milk ration is fed automatically and is carried out overall control with the information transfer between singlechip and the layer 505 of weighing, and specific work flow is: after the conveying valve is controlled by the single chip microcomputer to be opened, the weighing layer 505 monitors the change of the milk amount in the milk tank in real time, the sensor sends a signal to the single chip microcomputer when sensing the milk amount as a calculated value, and the conveying valve is controlled by the single chip microcomputer to be closed, so that the quantitative automatic feeding of the milk amount is realized.
The quantitative automatic feeding of the opened foodstuff is realized by dividing a weight unit of the feeding amount of the opened foodstuff, configuring blanking channels with corresponding capacities, and driving the blanking channels with different capacities and different positions to rotate by a certain accurate angle by the driving motor 306 controlled by the single chip microcomputer through the rotating shaft 307. The material containing device comprises a first channel 401, a second channel 402, a third channel 403 and a third channel 403, wherein the first channel 401, the second channel 402 and the third channel 403 respectively contain 100g of materials; on a side view surface, the first sphere channel and the second sphere channel form an angle of 45 degrees in the anticlockwise direction, and the first sphere channel and the third sphere channel form an angle of 90 degrees in the anticlockwise direction; quantitative unloader has 4 gears altogether: when the gear is started, the second spherical channel is in a horizontal state, and the first spherical channel and the third spherical channel are respectively inclined by 45 degrees counterclockwise and clockwise by taking the horizontal state as a reference; on the basis of the initial gear, the linkage sphere 305 rotates anticlockwise by 45 degrees to reach a first gear, rotates 90 degrees to reach a second gear, rotates 135 degrees to reach a third gear, and rotates 180 degrees to return to the initial gear;
the specific working process is as follows: splitting the calculated starting material amount into 3 capacity units (or capacity units obtained by subtracting residual materials from the calculated starting material amount), wherein the 3 capacity units correspond to the starting time of the three channels; the three channels are sequentially opened according to the change of the rotation angle:
1) the singlechip firstly controls the driving motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the initial gear, reaches the first gear, and the first channel 401 is vertical at the moment and starts blanking, blanking time: the starter food amount is 100g (rounded);
2) the singlechip controls the driving motor 306 again to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the first gear, and reaches the second gear, the first channel 401 is closed, the second channel 402 is vertical at the moment and starts blanking, blanking time: the number of the remaining food is 10g (taking the whole);
3) the single chip microcomputer controls the driving motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the second gear to the third gear, the second channel 402 is closed, the third channel 403 is in a vertical state at the moment and starts blanking, and blanking time is as follows: the number of the remaining starting food is 1g (taken in whole);
4) the singlechip controls the driving motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the third gear to reach the initial gear, all channels are in a closed state, and discharging is finished, so that quantitative automatic feeding of food is realized.
5. Information processing and delivery
The single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with a plurality of controllers and the console 205, so that various data information can be acquired and recorded in real time, and the single chip microcomputer and the console 205 mutually transmit data information to realize data sharing; the console 205 has Wi-Fi, real-time data upload to the connected computing device: and when the time is started for the first time every day, the connected computers count all the acquired data, form a line graph of the weight and the feed intake of the calf of the same age, calculate the mean value, the highest amount and the lowest amount of the weight and the feed intake of each calf of the same age and feed back to the console 205, and the console 205 shares data with the single chip microcomputer so as to realize the formula calculation step under the subsequent big data.
In one embodiment thereof:
as shown in fig. 8, the work flow of the whole system is as follows:
A. let n equal 1, ti＝0(i＝1，2，3)；
B. And C, judging whether the pressure sensor of the weighing device 106 senses the pressure signal or not, if so, executing the step C, otherwise, skipping to the step A.
C. Judging whether the time is the first time of timing starting time, namely n is 1, if yes, executing the step D;
otherwise, judging whether the time is the second time timing starting time (namely n is 2), if so, executing the step E;
otherwise, judging whether the time is the third time of timing starting (namely n is 3), if so, executing the step E, otherwise, jumping to the step A;
D. sequentially comprises the following steps:
starting an RFID reader-writer to obtain the day age d and the last (namely the previous day) weight information x of the calfd-1At the moment, the weight information x of the calves in the pressure sensor of the calves weighing device 106 is recorded and transmitted to the control device and the console 205;
the console 205 uploads and receives data information and passes it to the control device;
executing the step E;
E. judging whether the day age of the calf is in a 'feeding' interval (namely 0< d <43), if so, executing a step F;
otherwise, judging whether the daily age of the calf is in a free food only interval (namely d is more than or equal to 43), if so, executing the step K, otherwise, starting an alarm 508 to give an alarm.
F. Judging whether the day age of the calf is in the interval of [1, 7], if so, calculating to obtain
Yd＝(4.100+0.01(d-1)/3
kg of single milk feed and step G;
otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calf is in the [8, 22] interval, if so, calculating to obtain
Yd(4.170+0.005d)/3kg of single milk feed and step G is performed;
otherwise, the day age of the calf is [23, 42 ]]Interval, then calculate to obtain Yd(0.440+0.001d)/3kg of single feeding and step G was performed.
G. Sequentially comprises the following steps:
the milk outlet electromagnetic valve of the first storage tank 301 and the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve of the tank 501 are opened simultaneously (namely, the conveying valve is opened), and the weighing layer 505 reflects the milk inlet amount in the tank 501 in real time;
the milk amount in the tank 501 is Yd(calculated value) the milk outlet electromagnetic valve of the first storage tank 301 and the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve of the tank 501 are closed at the same time, and step H is executed;
H. carry out water-bath heating in jar body 501, specifically do in proper order:
controlling the stirring mechanism 502, the heating pipe 503 and the temperature sensor in the tank 501 to work;
stopping when the temperature sensor senses that the temperature of the liquid in the tank 504 is a set temperature in real time;
executing the step I;
I. judging whether the day age of the calf is in a milk feeding only interval (namely 0< d <10), if so, controlling the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve of the tank body 501 to be opened for 5 minutes and then closed, and enabling n to be n +1, and skipping to the step B;
otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calf is in a milk mixing and feeding interval (namely d is more than or equal to 10 and less than 16), if so, controlling the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve of the tank body 501 to be opened, and then respectively:
when the liquid level meter detects that the liquid level reaches the set height, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve of the tank body 501 is controlled to be closed, the stirrer is controlled to start working for 20s, and the step J is executed at the same time;
otherwise, the day-old calf is in the interval of 'feeding milk + free food stuff' (i.e. d is more than or equal to 16 and less than 43), if yes, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve of the tank body 501 is controlled to be opened until n is n +1, and the tank body is closed, and step K is executed.
J. Sequentially comprises the following steps:
calculating the amount of starter material added to the milk container at a single time
Zd＝(Zd max+[(xd-xd min)×gradd/(xd max-xd min)])/3，
Zd maxThe highest feeding amount (g), x of the calf with the lowest weight of the same aged-xd minThe weight of the calf is the lowest weight (kg) of the same age; graddGradient, 10g in 10-15 days; x is the number ofd max-xd min
Highest weight-lowest weight (kg) for the same age;
dividing the calculated value into 3 units of 100g, 10g and 1g so as to correspond to the single amount of the starter passing through 3 spheres per second;
the second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the initial gear position to reach the first gear position, and the first ball channel is blanked t1＝[Zt/100]；
The second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the first gear to the second gear, and the second ball channel is discharged t2＝[(Zt-t1× 100)/10]；
The second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the second gear to the third gear, and the third ball channel is discharged t3＝[Zt-t1×100-t2×10]；
Controlling the second material storage box 303 to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees counterclockwise from the third gear to the initial gear, and ending the blanking;
where [, ] is a rounding function in seconds;
and (3) controlling the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve of the tank body 501 to be opened for 5 minutes and then closed, and skipping to the step B by making n equal to n + 1.
K. Judging whether the time is the first time of starting, namely n is 1, if so, recording the food opening residual quantity information k in the feed load monitoring mechanism and transmitting the information to the control device, and splitting the value into
k1＝[k/100]，k2＝[k-(k1×100)/10]，k3＝[k-k1×100-k1×10]And executing step L1, and making n equal to n + 1; otherwise, step L2 is executed, and n is equal to n + 1.
L1 calculating the feed opening amount of single feed to the feed opening trough
Gd＝[Gd-1+[(xd-1-xd-2)-(xd-1-xd-2)min]/[(xd-1-xd-2)max-(xd-1-xd-2)min]×(Fd-1 max-Fd-2 min)]/3
Gd-1The starter food amount (g), (x) of the day before the cowd-1-xd-2)-(xd-1-xd-2)minSubtracting the lowest daily gain (kg) of the same age cattle one day before the cattle, (x)d-1-xd-2)max-(xd-1-xd-2)minSubtracting the lowest daily gain (kg) of the same-age calf from the highest daily gain of the same-age calf in the previous day, Fd-1 max-Fd-2 minSubtracting the minimum feed intake (g) of the cattle of the same age from the maximum feed intake of the cattle of the same age on the previous day;
and the numerical value is divided into 3 units counted by 100g, 10g and 1g, and the following steps are specifically carried out in sequence:
the second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the initial gear position to reach the first gear position, and the first ball channel is blanked t1＝[Gt/100]-k1；
The second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the first gear to the second gear, and the second ball channel is discharged t2＝[(Gt-t1× 100)/10]-k2；
The second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the second gear to the third gear, and the third ball channel is discharged t3＝[Gt-t1×100-t2×10]-k3；
Controlling the second material storage box 303 to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees counterclockwise from the third gear to the initial gear, and ending the blanking;
and C, jumping to the step B.
L2 calculating the feed opening amount of single feed to the feed opening trough
Gd＝[Gd-1+[(xd-1-xd-2)-(xd-1-xd-2)min]/[(xd-1-xd-2)max-(xd-1-xd-2)min]×(Fd-1 max-Fd-2 min)]/3，
And the numerical value is divided into 3 units counted by 100g, 10g and 1g, and the following steps are specifically carried out in sequence:
the second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the initial gear position to reach the first gear position, and the first ball channel is blanked t1＝[Gt/100]s; the second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the first gear to the second gear, and the second ball channel is discharged t2＝[(Gt-t1×100)/10]s；
The second material storage box 303 is controlled to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees anticlockwise from the second gear to the third gear, and the third ball channel is discharged t3＝[Gt-t1×100-t2×10]s；
Controlling the second material storage box 303 to drive the motor 306 to drive the rotating shaft 307 to rotate 45 degrees counterclockwise from the third gear to the initial gear, and ending the blanking;
and jumping to the step B, and ending when n is 3.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic feeding system of poultry, its characterized in that includes: the calf island device comprises a calf island device, a storage device, a first feeding device, a second feeding device, a weighing device and a control device; wherein,
the calf island device comprises a fence and a box body, wherein a closed space is enclosed by the fence and the box body and is used for trapping calves;
the storage device comprises a first storage box and a second storage box, wherein the first storage box is provided with a first liquid outlet pipe, the first liquid outlet pipe is provided with a liquid outlet control mechanism, and the bottom of the second storage box is provided with a quantitative discharging mechanism;
the first feeding device is connected with the first liquid outlet pipe;
the second feeding device is connected with the second storage box through the quantitative discharging mechanism and comprises a feed load monitoring mechanism for monitoring the feed intake of calves;
the control device is respectively connected with the weighing device, the feed load monitoring mechanism, the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative discharging mechanism.
2. An automatic feeding system for livestock according to claim 1, characterized in that said quantitative feeding mechanism comprises a driving unit, a rotating shaft and a plurality of turning units, said driving unit is connected with said rotating shaft, the adjacent turning units are connected with each other by said rotating shaft, a channel is arranged on said turning unit, and the channel on said turning unit is arranged at different angles along the rotating direction of said rotating shaft, and the cross-sectional area of the channel on said turning unit is different.
3. An automatic animal feeding system according to claim 2, wherein the turnover unit comprises a first sphere, a second sphere and a third sphere, the first sphere has a first channel therethrough, the second sphere has a second channel therethrough, the third sphere has a third channel therethrough, the cross-sectional area of the first channel is larger than that of the third channel, the cross-sectional area of the second channel is larger than that of the third channel and smaller than that of the first channel, the first channel is perpendicular to the third channel, and the second channel is arranged clockwise 45 ° around the rotation axis relative to the first channel.
4. An automatic feeding system for livestock according to claim 1, characterized in that said first feeding device comprises a tank, a stirring mechanism, a liquid level monitoring mechanism, a first temperature monitoring mechanism and a sucking mechanism, said tank is communicated with said first liquid outlet pipe, said sucking mechanism is communicated with said tank and is located at the bottom of said tank, said stirring mechanism, said liquid level monitoring mechanism and said first temperature monitoring mechanism are all located inside said tank.
5. An automatic livestock feeding system according to claim 4, characterized in that said tank body is of a multilayer structure, a first side surface inside said multilayer structure is a sealed vacuum layer, a second side surface, a third side surface and a fourth side surface opposite to said first side surface inside said multilayer structure and adjacent to said first side surface in the left and right directions are provided with heating layers, and the bottom of said tank body is provided with a weighing layer.
6. An automatic feeding system for livestock according to claim 5, further comprising a tank body, wherein one end of the tank body is arranged in the sealed vacuum layer and is communicated with the inside of the tank body, the other end of the tank body faces the second storage box, a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged inside the weighing layer, and a heating unit is arranged inside the heating layer.
7. An automatic livestock feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the fence comprises a first fence, a second fence and a third fence, one end of the first fence is connected with the first side surface of the box body, the second end of the first fence is provided with a first buckling part, the first end of the second fence is provided with a second buckling part, the second end of the second fence is provided with a third buckling part, the first end of the third fence is provided with a fourth buckling part, the second end of the third fence is connected with the second side surface of the box body, the first buckling part is buckled with the second buckling part, and the third buckling part is buckled with the fourth buckling part.
8. An automatic feeding system for livestock according to claim 1, characterized in that the box body comprises a ventilation mechanism, a health-care lamp, a warming lamp and a second temperature monitoring mechanism, the ventilation mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the box body, the health-care lamp and the warming lamp are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the box body, the health-care lamp and the warming lamp are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the box body, and the second temperature monitoring mechanism is arranged inside the box body.
9. A feeding method using an automatic livestock feeding system according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising:
acquiring the day age of calves to be fed;
acquiring the weight of the calf monitored by the weighing device;
acquiring the feed intake of the calf monitored by the feed load monitoring mechanism;
and the liquid outlet control mechanism and the quantitative discharging mechanism are controlled according to the day age of the calf to be fed, and the quantitative discharging mechanism is controlled according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake of the calf.
10. A feeding method of an automatic feeding system for livestock according to claim 9, characterized in that said controlling of said tapping control mechanism and said dosing mechanism according to the age of the calf to be fed comprises:
s1, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a first set day age interval, if so, skipping to S2, otherwise, judging whether the calves to be fed are in a second set day age interval, and if so, skipping to S5;
s2, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a first sub-interval of a first set day age, if so, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a first single feeding amount to the first feeding device, otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a second sub-interval of the first set day age, if so, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a second single feeding amount to the first feeding device, otherwise, obtaining and controlling the liquid outlet control mechanism to feed a third single feeding amount to the first feeding device;
s3, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a fourth subinterval of a first set day age, if so, controlling the first feeding device to discharge, otherwise, judging whether the day age of the calves to be fed is in a fifth subinterval of the first set day age, if so, executing a step S4, otherwise, controlling the first feeding device to discharge and executing a step S5;
s4, controlling the quantitative blanking mechanism to put a first set amount of material into a first feeding device according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake amount of the calf, and controlling the first feeding device to discharge after stirring;
s5, controlling the quantitative discharging mechanism to discharge a second set amount of materials to a second feeding device according to the weight of the calf and the feed intake amount of the calf, and controlling the second feeding device to discharge.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010039119.5A CN111149717A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Automatic livestock feeding system and method |
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| CN202010039119.5A CN111149717A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Automatic livestock feeding system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112616699A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 石河子大学 | A accurate material and feeding monitored control system that throws for calf is fed |
| CN115039711A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-13 | 宁夏启动科技有限公司 | Calf feeding method and system |
-
2020
- 2020-01-14 CN CN202010039119.5A patent/CN111149717A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112616699A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 石河子大学 | A accurate material and feeding monitored control system that throws for calf is fed |
| CN112616699B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2024-04-12 | 石河子大学 | Accurate feeding and feeding monitoring system for calf feeding |
| CN115039711A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-13 | 宁夏启动科技有限公司 | Calf feeding method and system |
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