CN111145934B - Silver paste capable of being stored at room temperature and used for Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell and preparation method - Google Patents

Silver paste capable of being stored at room temperature and used for Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111145934B
CN111145934B CN201911289549.6A CN201911289549A CN111145934B CN 111145934 B CN111145934 B CN 111145934B CN 201911289549 A CN201911289549 A CN 201911289549A CN 111145934 B CN111145934 B CN 111145934B
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heterojunction
solar cell
hit
silver paste
silver powder
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CN111145934A (en
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孙玉海
宋艳
李宇婷
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Suzhou Ruilibo New Material Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou Ruilibo New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/22Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The invention relates to silver paste for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that the silver paste comprises the following components: silver powder, epoxy resin monomer, solvent, and latent initiator for curing epoxy resin monomer and stable at room temperature for a long period of time. The long-term latent curing initiator accounts for 0.01-5 wt% of the silver paste, and the silver powder accounts for 80-93 wt%; the weight percentage of the epoxy resin monomer is 3-10%, and the weight percentage of the solvent is 2-10%. The beneficial effects are as follows: the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is prepared by innovatively using the long-term latent curing agent, the problem that the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell needs to be stored at low temperature in the prior art is solved, the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell can be stored and transported at room temperature, and the use cost of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is greatly reduced.

Description

Silver paste capable of being stored at room temperature and used for Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polymer-based conductive materials, in particular to silver paste capable of being stored at room temperature for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer (HIT) solar cell is a novel high-efficiency solar power generation device. A Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell combines the dual advantages of a crystalline silicon solar cell technology and a thin film solar cell technology, intrinsic and doped amorphous silicon thin films and Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) film layers are deposited on two sides of an n-type silicon wafer to absorb generated power, and the amorphous silicon has the characteristics of strong light absorption and excellent passivation performance, so that higher solar energy conversion efficiency can be realized, and meanwhile, the production cost is lower. The mass production conversion efficiency of the conventional Perc solar cell is 22.5%, and the mass production conversion efficiency of a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell can reach more than 23.3%. The heterojunction solar cell has relatively simple production process and low process temperature, and can adapt to flaking, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the cell. In addition, the heterojunction solar cell also has the characteristic of double-sided power generation, and thus becomes a main development direction of the solar cell.
The amorphous silicon passivation layer is deposited on the surface of the heterojunction solar cell, and the amorphous silicon passivation layer can be melted and recombined in crystal direction at high temperature, so that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is influenced, and therefore the heterojunction solar cell cannot use high-temperature slurry for a conventional solar cell and must use slurry solidified at low temperature. The low-temperature curing paste used at present is mainly epoxy silver-containing paste, and the production process is mainly screen printing. In order to realize the rapid curing of the paste after screen printing, a curing agent with a relatively rapid reaction rate is used in the low-temperature paste, so that the low-temperature paste can be subjected to a curing reaction at room temperature, and therefore the low-temperature paste is required to be kept at a low temperature in the processes of production, transportation and storage, and low-temperature storage and transportation of twenty-below zero degrees are usually required, which causes a great increase in the use cost of the low-temperature paste.
At present, the research and development of low-temperature slurry for Heterojunction (HIT) solar cells are basically in the initial stage in China. The patent application number publication No. CN 105761779B, the publication date of which is 2017, 7 and 04, provides a method for preparing heterojunction high-efficiency solar cell silver paste by uniformly mixing and dispersing nano silver powder, nano aluminum powder, resin, an additive and a solvent. The invention uses imidazole as a latent curing agent, and the transportation and storage of the slurry must be carried out under low temperature conditions. Therefore, a novel curing agent is found, the slurry for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, which can be stored at room temperature, can be prepared, the transportation and storage cost of the slurry can be greatly reduced, and the popularization and the use of the slurry for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell are facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides silver paste for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature and a preparation method thereof. The silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature is prepared by combining a long-term latent curing initiator, an epoxy resin monomer, silver powder, a solvent and the like.
The invention provides a silver paste for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature and a preparation method thereof, wherein the silver paste comprises the following technical scheme:
the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature comprises a long-term latent curing initiator, an epoxy resin monomer, silver powder and a solvent. Wherein the long-term latent curing initiator accounts for 0.01-5 wt% of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, and the silver powder accounts for 80-93 wt% of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell; the weight percentage of the epoxy resin monomer in the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 3-10%, and the weight percentage of the solvent in the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 2-10%.
The long-term latent curing initiator is used as a curing agent of an epoxy resin monomer, and can realize room-temperature storage of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, and the long-term latent curing initiator is 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride, and the weight percentage of the 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride in the low-temperature silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 0.01-5%.
The epoxy resin monomer comprises one or a mixture of any two of bisphenol F type epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin and cyclopentadiene epoxy resin, and the weight percentage of the epoxy resin monomer in the low-temperature silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 3-10%.
The silver powder is a mixture of spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, the average particle size of the spherical silver powder is 0.5-2 um, the average particle size of the flake silver powder is 1-8 um, the mass ratio of the spherical silver powder to the flake silver powder is 1: 0.5-1: 5, and the weight percentage of the mixed silver powder in the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 80-93%.
Wherein the solvent comprises one or more of terpineol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol-butyl ether acetate, dibutyl phthalate and tributyl citrate. The weight percentage of the solvent in the low-temperature silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 2-10%.
The implementation of the invention comprises the following technical effects:
the slurry for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature provided by the invention innovatively uses 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride as a long-term latent curing initiator.
The storage stability of the slurry for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature can be regulated and controlled according to the type and the addition amount of the latent curing agent, and the applicant of the patent selects and optimizes the type and the addition amount of the latent curing agent through a large number of experiments, so that the slurry for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell can be stored at room temperature for a long time and can be rapidly cured under the condition of temperature rise, and the use cost of the slurry for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting in any way.
The silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature comprises a long-term latent curing initiator, an epoxy resin monomer, silver powder and a solvent. The specific processing technology comprises the steps of fully mixing accurately weighed solvent and 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride under the condition of magnetic stirring, then uniformly stirring the mixture and epoxy resin monomers at 0-30 ℃ through double planets, then adding spherical and flaky mixed silver powder, uniformly stirring, and then dispersing three times on a three-roll dispersing machine to obtain the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, wherein the silver paste can be stored at room temperature.
The following describes a method for preparing the low-temperature silver paste for the low-density Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell in various embodiments.
Example 1
The preparation method of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell of the embodiment includes accurately weighing 3 g of 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride and 40 g of terpineol, fully mixing, uniformly stirring the mixture and 50 g of bisphenol F epoxy resin monomer through double planets at 0-30 ℃, and continuously adding 900 g of mixed silver powder under the stirring condition. The mixed silver powder comprises two silver powders, namely spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, wherein the average grain diameter of the spherical silver powder is 1um, the apparent density is 3.2 g/cubic centimeter, the average grain diameter of the flake silver powder is 5um, the apparent density is 2.2 g/cubic centimeter, and the weight ratio of the spherical silver powder to the flake silver powder is 1: 0.8. Stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature to ensure the uniform dispersion of the silver powder, and then dispersing for three times on a three-roller dispersing machine to obtain the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, wherein the silver paste can be stored at room temperature and has the following specific characteristics:
viscosity: 133,500mPa.s
Bonding strength: 65MPa (bonding base material is aluminum)
Density: 2.5 g/cc
Volume resistivity: 3.7X 10-6Ω.cm
Printing HIT cell power:
Isc(A) Voc(V) Pmax(W) FF ETA(%)
9.812 0.742 5.725 78.6 23.52
example 2
The preparation method of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell in this embodiment includes accurately weighing 5 g of 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride and 50 g of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, fully mixing, uniformly stirring the mixture and 60 g of aliphatic epoxy resin monomer through double planets at 0-30 ℃, and continuously adding 890 g of mixed silver powder under the stirring condition. The mixed silver powder comprises two silver powders, namely spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, wherein the average grain diameter of the spherical silver powder is 1um, the apparent density is 3.2 g/cubic centimeter, the average grain diameter of the flake silver powder is 5um, the apparent density is 2.2 g/cubic centimeter, and the weight ratio of the spherical silver powder to the flake silver powder is 1:1. Stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature to ensure the uniform dispersion of the silver powder, and then dispersing for three times on a three-roller dispersing machine to obtain the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, wherein the silver paste can be stored at room temperature and has the following specific characteristics:
viscosity: 129,100mPa.s
Bonding strength: 61MPa (bonding base material is aluminum)
Density: 2.3 g/cc
Volume resistivity: 4.2X 10-6Ω.cm
Printing HIT cell power:
Isc(A) Voc(V) Pmax(W) FF ETA(%)
9.808 0.741 5.718 78.6 23.49
example 3
The preparation method of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell of the embodiment includes accurately weighing 2 g of 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride and 70 g of tributyl citrate, fully mixing, uniformly stirring the mixture and 35 g of cyclopentadiene epoxy resin monomer through double planets at 0-30 ℃, and continuously adding 850 g of mixed silver powder under the stirring condition. The mixed silver powder comprises two silver powders, namely spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, wherein the average grain diameter of the spherical silver powder is 1um, the apparent density is 3.2 g/cubic centimeter, the average grain diameter of the flake silver powder is 5um, the apparent density is 2.2 g/cubic centimeter, and the weight ratio of the spherical silver powder to the flake silver powder is 1: 1.5. Stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature to ensure the uniform dispersion of the silver powder, and then dispersing for three times on a three-roller dispersing machine to obtain the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, wherein the silver paste can be stored at room temperature and has the following specific characteristics:
viscosity: 127,500mPa.s
Bonding strength: 69MPa (bonding base material is aluminum)
Density: 2.4 g/cc
Volume resistivity: 3.2X 10-6Ω.cm
Printing HIT cell power:
Isc(A) Voc(V) Pmax(W) FF ETA(%)
9.805 0.741 5.722 78.7 23.49
example 4
The preparation method of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell of the embodiment includes accurately weighing 1 g of 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethylpyridine boron tetrafluoride and 30 g of dibutyl phthalate, fully mixing, uniformly stirring the mixture and 40 g of bisphenol F epoxy resin monomer through double planets at 0-30 ℃, and continuously adding 920 g of mixed silver powder under the stirring condition. The mixed silver powder comprises two silver powders, namely spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, wherein the average grain diameter of the spherical silver powder is 1um, the apparent density is 3.2 g/cubic centimeter, the average grain diameter of the flake silver powder is 5um, the apparent density is 2.2 g/cubic centimeter, and the weight ratio of the spherical silver powder to the flake silver powder is 1: 2.5. Stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature to ensure the uniform dispersion of the silver powder, and then dispersing for three times on a three-roller dispersing machine to obtain the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell, wherein the silver paste can be stored at room temperature and has the following specific characteristics:
viscosity: 155,800mPa.s
Bonding strength: 58MPa (bonding base material is aluminum)
Density: 2.8 g/cc
Volume resistivity: 1.2X 10-6Ω.cm
Printing HIT cell power:
Isc(A) Voc(V) Pmax(W) FF ETA(%)
9.813 0.745 5.748 78.6 23.61
finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A silver paste for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell storable at room temperature, comprising silver powder, an epoxy resin monomer, a solvent, and a latent initiator for curing the epoxy resin monomer and stable at room temperature for a long period of time; the method is characterized in that: the latent initiator is 1-fluoro-2, 4, 6-trimethyl pyridine boron tetrafluoride, and the weight percentage of the latent initiator in the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 0.01-5%; the silver powder accounts for 80-93% of the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell in percentage by weight; the weight percentage of the epoxy resin monomer in the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 3-10%, and the weight percentage of the solvent in the silver paste for the Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell is 2-10%.
2. The silver paste for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature according to claim 1, wherein: the epoxy resin monomer comprises one or a mixture of any two of bisphenol F type epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin and cyclopentadiene epoxy resin.
3. The silver paste for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature according to claim 1, wherein: the silver powder is a mixture of spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, the average particle size of the spherical silver powder is 0.5-2 um, the average particle size of the flake silver powder is 1-8 um, and the mass ratio of the spherical silver powder to the flake silver powder is 1: 0.5-1: 5.
4. The silver paste for a Heterojunction (HIT) solar cell capable of being stored at room temperature according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent comprises one or more of terpineol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol-butyl ether acetate, dibutyl phthalate and tributyl citrate.
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CN112562885B (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-06-17 四川东树新材料有限公司 High-welding-tension main grid low-temperature silver paste for solar heterojunction battery and preparation method thereof
CN112809019B (en) * 2021-02-07 2022-02-22 深圳市宏达瑞科技有限公司 Preparation method of silver powder for low-temperature silver paste of heterojunction solar cell
CN113053561B (en) * 2021-03-27 2022-09-09 苏州卡睿杰新材料科技有限公司 Low-temperature slurry for heterojunction solar cell with silver-plated copper powder as conductive particles and preparation method thereof
CN113035409B (en) * 2021-03-27 2022-04-01 苏州卡睿杰新材料科技有限公司 Slurry capable of being rapidly cured at low temperature for heterojunction solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN115404032A (en) * 2022-10-19 2022-11-29 苏州瑞力博新材科技有限公司 Epoxy positioning adhesive for main-grid-free solar module and preparation method thereof

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