CN111137320A

CN111137320A - Variable-track-pitch bogie and track pitch changing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111137320A
Application number: CN202010008281.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈喜红; 朱向阳; 李冠军; 丁长权; 祝贺; 李鸿浩; 张建全; 钟晓波; 刘国云
Original assignee: CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-12
Filing date: 2020-01-06
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-06
Also published as: CN111137320B

Abstract

The invention discloses a track pitch changing bogie and a track pitch changing method thereof, wherein the bogie comprises a framework, an axle assembly and two axle boxes; the middle part of the wheel shaft assembly is provided with a gear hub and a locking device, and the locking device is positioned in the middle of the axle; the bottom of the axle box is provided with an axle box transverse limiting surface and an axle box vertical bearing surface; the wheel shaft assembly comprises an axle, a driving wheel assembly and a driven wheel assembly, wherein the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly are arranged on the axle; the driving wheel assembly comprises a driving wheel and a driving shaft sleeve; the driven wheel assembly comprises a driven shaft sleeve and a driven wheel; the driving shaft sleeve and the driven shaft sleeve are in cross fit and are provided with locking devices. The invention can realize that the left wheel and the right wheel can simultaneously complete track transfer.

Description

Variable-track-pitch bogie and track pitch changing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a track pitch changing bogie and a track pitch changing method thereof, belonging to the field of track pitch changing railway vehicles.

Background

At present, the rail gauges of different countries and regions in the world are different, and even in some countries and regions, a plurality of rail gauges coexist. When the same train needs to operate in a cross-track mode on railway lines with different track gauges, at present, three processing modes exist: the first is transfer, i.e. transferring containers/passengers from one gauge train to another; the second is to change the bogie, namely, the bogie with one track gauge is changed into the bogie with the other track gauge; the third is the use of a variable gauge bogie, i.e. the change of bogie wheelset to accommodate different gauges. The former two modes have low efficiency, long operation period and high cost; the third method is vice versa. Therefore, several countries in the world (e.g., Spain, Japan) have conducted decades of research into variable-track bogies and have achieved a series of results.

The core requirement of the variable-gauge bogie is that the wheels can be axially and accurately moved to a preset position and can be reliably locked after the movement is completed. In accordance with the practical requirements, the current technology is limited to change between two track gauges, namely, a certain track gauge-changing bogie can only be suitable for two track gauges.

The company Talgo, spain, pioneers the rail transfer technology and applies it to articulated pendulum trains. The technology uses a four-connecting-rod hanging structure of independently rotating wheels, wheel disc braking and braking clamps, and is not suitable for high speed. The locking devices are positioned on two sides of the wheels (4 sets of locking devices are arranged on each wheel pair), the outer ring of the axle box bearing is locked by the T-shaped rod, and the axle box bearing and the wheels are axially fixed relatively. When the T-shaped rod passes through the ground device, the ground unlocking rail pulls the T-shaped rod away, so that the axle box bearing is unlocked, the axle box bearing moves to a new position along with the wheel under the action of the ground guide rail, then the ground unlocking rail pushes the T-shaped rod to a locking position, the axle box bearing is locked again, and rail changing is completed. The left wheel and the right wheel simultaneously change rails; in the process of axial movement of the wheels, the axle boxes bear the load, and the wheels are free.

The spanish CAF corporation also subsequently developed a BrAVA variable gauge bogie using an integral wheel set configuration with the axle not rotating and the axle disk braking. The locking device is located the wheel outside (each wheel is to being equipped with 2 sets of locking device), establishes the slip axle sleeve between axletree and the axle box, and the wheel passes through the bearing and supports on the slip axle sleeve, and slip axle sleeve and axle box pass through bolt, taper pin locking, rely on the shaft dead weight unblock. When the wheel pair passes through the ground device, the ground supporting rail drives the locking device to unlock the axle box bearing, then the axle box bearing moves to a new position along with the wheel under the action of the ground guide rail, then the wheel pair is separated from the supporting rail, the axle box bearing is automatically locked again, and rail changing is completed. The left wheel and the right wheel simultaneously change rails; in the process of axial movement of the wheels, the axle boxes bear the load, and the wheels are free.

A-type and B-type variable-gauge bogies have been developed in Japan. The A-type track gauge-variable bogie adopts a hub motor and an independent rotating wheel structure, and is not suitable for high speed. The locking device is positioned at the outer side of the wheel, a sliding shaft sleeve is arranged between the axle and the axle box, the wheel is supported on the sliding shaft sleeve through a bearing, and the sliding shaft sleeve and the axle box are locked through a taper pin (similar to a BrAVA track-pitch bogie). The B-type variable gauge bogie adopts a traditional wheel pair structure, torque is transmitted through a roller spline, and a servo mechanism is arranged on a clamp for wheel disc braking. The locking device is positioned on the outer side of the wheel (2 sets of locking devices are arranged on each wheel pair), and is unlocked and locked by matching the connecting rod mechanism with the ground device. The principle of track change is basically the same as that of the BrAVA track-variable bogie.

A SUW2000 track-distance-variable wheel set is developed by Poland, an integral wheel set structure is adopted, and a shaft disc is used for braking, so that the purpose of non-unloading track change can be realized, but power cannot be provided. The spring pressing disc type locking device is positioned on the inner side of the wheel (each wheel pair is provided with 2 sets of locking devices). When the vehicle passes through the ground device, the ground unlocking rail on one side drives the corresponding locking device to unlock the wheel, then the wheel is moved to a new position under the action of the ground guide rail, then the wheel is separated from the unlocking rail, the wheel is automatically locked again, and the wheel on the side is changed in rail. The other side wheel is then finished with the transfer in the same way. The left wheel and the right wheel are successively changed into rails; and in the axial movement process of the wheel, the wheel still bears the load.

The German DB AG/Rafil V track-variable wheel pair has the structural principle basically consistent with SUW2000, and only the internal structure of the locking device is different.

In recent years, domestic research and manufacturing institutions have also begun to relate to rail transfer technology, but have not dropped over the above-mentioned foreign technologies, such as certain domestic gauge trucks. The track-distance-variable bogie comprises an axle assembly, a sliding key assembly, an axle box assembly, wheels and an axle

The box bearing is fixedly mounted on the integrated mounting seat, and the integrated mounting seat can axially slide relative to the axle. The structure and the working principle are similar to those of a Japanese B-type variable-gauge bogie. The axle box bodies at the two ends of the wheel pair are internally provided with sliding key assemblies, and the ground device triggers the sliding key assemblies to unlock/lock the integrated mounting seat, so that the wheels are controlled to move and lock.

The track changing action of the track gauge changing bogie needs to be completed on a specially-made ground track gauge changing device. As shown in fig. 27, the ground track gauge changing device is installed at the intersection of two different track gauges, and both ends of the ground track gauge changing device are respectively butted with the service line in a non-contact way (gap way). The ground track gauge changing device generally comprises a supporting rail, an unlocking rail, a guide rail and an abutting rail. The bogie enters/exits the ground track gauge conversion device through the butt joint track; the support rail is arranged at the axle box and used for supporting the weight of the bogie through the axle box so as to unload the wheels; the unlocking rail triggers the locking device to unlock/lock the locking device; the guide rail is used for enabling the wheel to move to the appointed position axially, and the track gauge is changed.

Chinese patent application "locking mechanism for track gauge-variable bogie (CN 201310137008.8)" describes a locking mechanism for track gauge-variable bogie, and this locking mechanism includes axletree, wheel, the locating part of installation on the axletree, and the locating part rotates relatively with the axletree to be connected, installs the locking device who restricts the wheel along axletree axial displacement on the locating part, is connected with the formula of triggering unlocking device on the locking device, and the formula of triggering unlocking device utilizes ground device to trigger the unblock.

Chinese patent application "a variable-track-pitch bogie (CN 201710780877.0)" describes a variable-track-pitch bogie, which is mainly characterized in that: a track-variable bogie comprises an axle assembly, a sliding key assembly and an axle box assembly, wherein the axle assembly comprises an axle and a bearing wheel integrated mounting seat, the sliding key assembly comprises a sliding piece, and the axle box assembly comprises an axle box and a bearing; the wheel seat of the axle is a moving pair connecting part from the wheel seat to the end part; the bearing wheel integrated mounting seat comprises a bearing mounting seat and a wheel mounting seat which are mutually connected, and further comprises a moving pair joint part; the sliding pair joint part and the sliding pair connecting part form an axial sliding pair; the sliding piece is a cylindrical body, the outer side wall of the cylindrical body is in axial sliding connection with the axle box, and the inner side wall of the cylindrical body is in axial fixed connection with the bearing mounting seat through a bearing. The wheel is axially adjustable to accommodate different gauges.

The Chinese patent application 'track-variable bogie (CN 201811443000.3)' describes a track-variable bogie, which comprises a framework and two pairs of track-variable wheel pairs respectively arranged at the two transverse sides of the framework, wherein each pair of track-variable wheel pairs comprises an axle, wheels respectively arranged at the two ends of the axle and a transmission mechanism in matched connection with the corresponding wheels; a driving motor corresponding to the wheels is longitudinally arranged along the framework, and an output shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving gear through a pair of bevel gear pairs; an output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially arranged with a first bevel gear in the bevel gear pair, a second bevel gear in the bevel gear pair is coaxially arranged with the driving gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear in the vertical direction, the driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the transmission mechanism and meshed with the driving gear, and each wheel is driven by the corresponding driving motor to independently rotate relative to the axle where the wheel is located.

Chinese patent application "a gauge-variable wheel set and gauge-variable bogie (CN 201811442966.5)" describes a gauge-variable wheel set and gauge-variable bogie, which is mainly characterized in that: a track-variable wheel pair and a track-variable bogie comprise an axle, wheels respectively arranged at two ends of the axle, transmission mechanisms respectively arranged at the inner sides of the wheels and connected with the corresponding wheels in a matching way, and a driving device; the transmission mechanism comprises an inner sleeve, a middle transition sleeve and an outer sleeve which are arranged from inside to outside, the connecting end of the inner sleeve is connected with the inner side of the wheel, an external spline is arranged on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve, an internal spline is arranged on the inner periphery of the middle transition sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the middle transition sleeve are connected with the external spline in a matched mode through the internal spline; the driving device comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, the driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the outer sleeve, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the driving gear drives the driven gear to drive the wheels to rotate; a locking sleeve is arranged between the wheel and the axle and provided with a locking platform, and a plurality of locking grooves which are arranged at intervals and used for locking the locking platform are arranged in the axle box body along the axial direction of the axle box body.

Chinese patent application "a gauge-variable wheel set and gauge-variable bogie (CN 201810731828.2)" describes a gauge-variable wheel set and gauge-variable bogie, which is mainly characterized in that: a track-variable wheel pair and a track-variable bogie are provided, wherein the track-variable wheel pair comprises wheels, an axle and a locking mechanism, and the wheels are arranged at two ends of the axle and connected with the axle through splines; the outer side of the hub of the wheel extends outwards to form a lengthened connecting sleeve, and the locking mechanisms are respectively pressed on the connecting sleeve and are positioned in the axle box bodies at two ends of the axle; the locking mechanism is provided with a locking rod penetrating through the bottom of the axle box body, and the locking rod can realize locking or unlocking of the locking mechanism under the action of external force, so that locking or unlocking of the wheels is realized.

Chinese patent application "a wheel set and bogie for a variable gauge bogie (CN 201810697495.6)" describes a wheel set and bogie for a variable gauge bogie, which is mainly characterized in that: a wheel set and a bogie for a variable-gauge bogie are provided, wherein the wheel set comprises wheels, axles and a variable-gauge mechanism, and the variable-gauge mechanism comprises a fixed sleeve, a locking pin, a release sleeve and an unlocking disc; the wheels are slidably arranged at two ends of the axle, the track pitch changing mechanisms are respectively arranged on the axle at the inner sides of the wheels, and the fixed sleeve and the release sleeve are unlocked by pushing the unlocking disc to drive the locking pin to move upwards; therefore, the wheels can be conveniently locked or unlocked, and the track gauge can be changed.

The Chinese patent application 'a 1435/1520mm gauge track transition connecting section (CN 201811228987.7) suitable for a variable gauge railway freight train' describes a variable gauge track transition connecting section, which is mainly characterized in that: the rail transition connecting section and the guard rail transition connecting section are arranged, so that the rail transition device is suitable for rail transition of a freight train, and wheels are not unloaded in a rail transition process.

The chinese patent application "a variable gauge wheel set (CN 201810333761.7)" describes a variable gauge wheel set, which is mainly characterized in that: comprises wheels, axles and a locking mechanism; the wheels are arranged at two ends of the axle and connected with the axle through splines; the locking mechanisms are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the wheels and are positioned in the axle box bodies at two ends of the axle, and the locking mechanisms are connected with the wheels and used for locking and unlocking the wheels. Locking mechanism includes outer sleeve, fitting pin, inner skleeve and antifriction bearing, and inner skleeve, antifriction bearing, outer sleeve closely cup joint from inside to outside in proper order, inner skleeve and axletree clearance fit, and outer sleeve axial boss sets up the recess, and axle box inner wall sets up the concave cambered surface, the fitting pin is used for inserting recess and concave cambered surface realize locking.

The chinese patent application "a wheel set and bogie for track gauge-variable bogie of railway vehicle" (CN 201810732522.9) "describes a wheel set and bogie for track gauge-variable bogie of railway vehicle, which is mainly characterized as follows: the wheel hub and/or the connecting sleeve are/is connected with the axle through a spline; the locking assemblies are respectively pressed on the peripheries of the connecting sleeves of the wheels and are positioned in the axle box body, and the locking assemblies are used for driving the wheels to move or lock along the axial direction of the axle box body.

Disclosure of Invention

In the above-mentioned technique, all be provided with 2 or 4 sets of locking device on the wheel pair, some can not drive power, and some need control the wheel and divide 2 times and accomplish the change rail. The invention aims to provide a track distance changing bogie and a track distance changing method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a track-variable bogie comprises a framework, an axle assembly arranged on the framework, and two axle boxes respectively arranged at two ends of the axle assembly; the structure is characterized in that a gear hub and a locking device are arranged in the middle of the wheel shaft assembly, and the locking device is positioned in the middle of the axle and connected with one end of the gear hub;

the bottom of the axle box is provided with an axle box transverse limiting surface and an axle box vertical bearing surface, the axle box transverse limiting surface is used for limiting the transverse position of the wheel pair during rail change, and the axle box vertical bearing surface is used for bearing the weight of a bogie during rail change;

the wheel shaft assembly comprises an axle, a driving wheel assembly and a driven wheel assembly, wherein the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly are arranged on the axle;

the driving wheel assembly comprises a driving wheel and a driving shaft sleeve;

the driven wheel assembly comprises a driven shaft sleeve and a driven wheel;

the driving shaft sleeve and the driven shaft sleeve are in cross fit, and a locking device is arranged at the fit position of the driving shaft sleeve and the driven shaft sleeve;

the active wheel and the axle are matched to have two states: the driving wheel can axially slide relative to the axle during unlocking, and driving torque can be transmitted between the driving wheel and the axle during locking;

the driven wheel and the axle are matched to have two states: the driven wheel can axially slide relative to the axle when unlocked, and the driving torque can be transmitted between the driven wheel and the axle when locked.

Therefore, the locking device is arranged in the middle of the bogie wheel pair, when the track gauge needs to be changed, the wheel shaft is unlocked, and the wheels can axially move relative to the axle. After the track gauge is changed, the wheel shaft is locked by the locking device, and the wheel cannot axially move relative to the axle. When the bogie passes through the ground track gauge changing device, the wheels are moved under the action of the ground track gauge changing device, so that the wheel pair adapts to a new track gauge, and the function that the bogie can run on two lines with different track gauges is realized.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the invention can be further optimized, and the following is the technical scheme formed after optimization:

in order to better transmit torque (during locking) and move axially (during unlocking), both ends of the axle are provided with an axle extension and an axle spline, and the middle part of the axle is provided with an axle locking boss; the shaft extension is used for installing a shaft box bearing to support the shaft box; the axle spline is respectively matched with the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the axle locking boss is used for fixing the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly through the locking device.

Preferably, a driving wheel spline is arranged in the hole of the driving wheel, and a circle of driving wheel bump is arranged on the end surface of the inner side of the driving wheel; the driving wheel spline is matched with an axle spline on an axle; the driving wheel lug is matched with a driving shaft sleeve lug arranged at the end part of the driving shaft sleeve; and a driven wheel spline is arranged in the hole of the driven wheel and is matched with an axle spline on an axle.

In one preferred embodiment, a driving shaft sleeve bump matched with a driving wheel is arranged at the first end part of the driving shaft sleeve, a driving shaft sleeve locking boss is arranged on the outer surface of the second end part, and a driving shaft sleeve notch is formed in the second end part; the driving shaft sleeve and the driven shaft sleeve are in cross fit through a driving shaft sleeve notch; the driving shaft sleeve locking boss is used for fixing the driving wheel assembly on an axle; and a driving shaft sleeve spline is arranged on the outer diameter of the middle part of the driving shaft sleeve and is used for being matched with a gear hub spline inside a gear hub arranged on the driving shaft sleeve.

In order to facilitate the cross matching of the driving shaft sleeve and the driven shaft sleeve, a plurality of notches of the driving shaft sleeve are arranged along the length direction of the driving shaft sleeve; the driving shaft sleeve convex block is arranged along the circumferential direction of the driving shaft sleeve and is integrally V-shaped.

In one preferred embodiment, the first end part of the driven shaft sleeve is matched with a driven wheel, the outer surface of the second end part is provided with a driven shaft sleeve locking boss, and the second end part is provided with a driven shaft sleeve notch; the driven shaft sleeve and the driving shaft sleeve are in cross fit through a driven shaft sleeve notch; the driven shaft sleeve locking boss is used for fixing the driven wheel assembly on the axle.

In order to facilitate the cross matching of the driving shaft sleeve and the driven shaft sleeve, a plurality of driven shaft sleeve notches are formed and are arranged along the length direction of the driven shaft sleeve; the driven shaft sleeve locking boss is arranged along the circumferential direction of the driven shaft sleeve and is integrally V-shaped.

Preferably, only one set of locking device is provided, so that the structure is simpler and the operation is more convenient.

Preferably, the gear hub comprises a gear hub body with an inner hole, and the gear hub body is used for being installed on a driving shaft sleeve consisting of a driving wheel; the inner hole of the gear hub is provided with a gear hub spline, the middle part of the gear hub is provided with a gear ring mounting surface, the outer surfaces of two sides of the gear ring mounting surface are respectively provided with a gear box bearing mounting surface, and the outer surface of one end of the gear hub is provided with a gear hub supporting surface and a gear hub locking boss; the spline of the gear hub is used for being matched with the driving shaft sleeve to transmit driving torque when the locking device is locked, and the driving wheel assembly can axially slide relative to the gear hub when the locking device is unlocked; the gear ring mounting surface is used for mounting an outer sleeve gear ring to form a complete gear; the gear box bearing mounting surface is used for mounting a rolling bearing so as to support the gear box body; the gear hub supporting surface is used for supporting the locking device, and the gear hub locking boss is used for fixing a locking block of the locking device. Therefore, the external driving gear box can be conveniently connected to the gear hub in an external mode, the gear transmission device and the track-changing locking device are stabilized, and the track-changing distance wheel pair is enabled to have driving capability.

The gear hub integrated hollow shaft provided by the invention has multiple functions of supporting the orbital transfer locking device box body, locking the orbital transfer, transmitting torque and bearing the gear box body. Various mounting seats arranged on the surface of the gear hub are used for mounting the gear ring, a rolling bearing for supporting the gear box body and a supporting and locking device; the fixed locking block is arranged to ensure that the positions of the gear box and the rail transfer device relative to the axle are kept stable in the rail transfer process; and the spline is arranged through the inner hole and is used for transmitting torque to the wheel axle assembly.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the middle part of the driving shaft sleeve is provided with a driving shaft sleeve spline, and the driving shaft sleeve spline is matched with a gear hub spline inside the gear hub. Therefore, the spline of the driving shaft sleeve is in spline fit with the spline of the gear hub inside the gear hub, and the driving torque can be transmitted.

Preferably, the locking device is used for locking the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly to the axle or unlocking the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly from the axle; the locking device comprises a supporting cylinder sleeved outside the axle, a plurality of locking units and a plurality of positioning blocks which are circumferentially arranged in the supporting cylinder, and a rolling ring arranged outside the supporting cylinder; the locking unit and the positioning block are mutually separated, and the rolling ring is connected with the locking unit; the locking unit is in a locking state when the bogie normally operates, and is in an unlocking state when the bogie changes the track gauge.

Therefore, after unlocking, when the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly move in place axially, the unlocking rail gradually narrows along with the continuous advance of the bogie, the two rolling rings are closed towards the middle under the action of restoring force of the spring, the rolling rings drive the control blocks of the locking units connected together to move axially towards the middle, meanwhile, the pin shaft moves radially inwards while moving axially towards the middle, the locking blocks of the locking units connected together are driven to move radially inwards, and therefore the locking device enters a locking position to be locked, and the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly are in a locking state.

More preferably, in order to facilitate locking and unlocking, the locking unit comprises a control block, a locking block arranged on the control block, a support rod and a spring arranged in the control block, and a pin shaft arranged on the locking block; the axial movement of the control block can be converted into the radial movement of the locking block so as to realize the locking and unlocking of the locking device.

Preferably, the support rod is fixedly arranged in a front cover support rod hole or a rear cover support rod hole on the support cylinder and is used for supporting the spring; the spring is arranged on the supporting rod and is positioned in the spring mounting hole of the control block and used for providing restoring force and locking force for the locking device; preferably, the spring is a cylindrical helical compression steel spring.

In order to better realize the locking state of the locking block, the control block is provided with a rolling ring mounting part, a spring mounting hole, two control block inclined planes, two Z-shaped grooves, two control block positioning tables and two control block side positioning surfaces; the rolling ring mounting part is used for being connected with a rolling ring; the spring mounting hole is used for accommodating a spring; the inclined plane of the control block is matched with the inclined plane of the locking block to keep or release the locking state of the locking block.

Preferably, the Z-shaped groove is used for limiting the moving path of the pin shaft; the lower part of the control block positioning table is in contact with the inner hole of the cylinder body of the supporting cylinder body and is used for radially positioning the control block; the upper part of the control block positioning table is in contact with the bottom edge positioning surface of the positioning block and is used for limiting the control block to only slide axially; the side positioning surface of the control block is in contact with the inner side positioning surface of the locking block and is used for limiting the rotation of the locking block; the pin shaft is fixedly arranged in the pin hole of the locking block, extends into the Z-shaped groove of the control block and is used for controlling the relative movement of the locking block and the control block; preferably, the lower part of the control block positioning table is an arc surface, and the upper part of the control block positioning table is a plane.

Preferably, the locking blocks are provided with two pin holes, two locking block outer side positioning surfaces, two locking block locking notches, two locking block end surfaces, two locking block inner side positioning surfaces and two locking block inclined surfaces; the pin holes are used for fixedly mounting pin shafts; one of the two locking block locking notches is used for fixing the locking block on the gear hub locking boss, and the other locking notch is used for locking the axle locking boss, the driving shaft sleeve locking boss and the driven shaft sleeve locking boss into a whole; the locking block outer side positioning surface, the locking block inner side positioning surface and the locking block end surface limit the installation position and the movement direction of the locking block together; the locking block inclined plane is matched with the control block inclined plane and used for keeping or releasing the locking block in a locking state.

Preferably, the positioning block is provided with two positioning block side positioning surfaces, a positioning block circular arc surface, four positioning block groove positioning surfaces and two bottom edge positioning surfaces. The arc surface of the positioning block is fixedly arranged on the inner hole of the cylinder body of the supporting cylinder; the supporting cylinder comprises a supporting cylinder body, a supporting cylinder front cover arranged at the front end of the supporting cylinder body and a supporting cylinder rear cover arranged at the rear end of the supporting cylinder body; the supporting cylinder front cover, the supporting cylinder body and the supporting cylinder rear cover are connected to form a hollow cavity for installing the locking unit and the positioning block; the front cover of the supporting cylinder is provided with a front cover mounting hole which is used for matching with a gear hub supporting surface of the gear hub to support the locking device on the gear hub; the supporting cylinder body is provided with a cylinder body inner hole and six cylinder body notches; the inner hole of the cylinder body is used for fixing the positioning block and radially positioning the control block; the cylinder body notch is used for providing installation and axial movement space for the rolling ring installation part of the control block; the rolling ring is provided with a rolling ring extrusion surface and three rolling ring mounting grooves; and the rolling ring mounting groove is used for mounting a rolling ring mounting part on the control block.

In order to facilitate the driving shaft sleeve to be matched and connected with the driving wheel better, a driving shaft sleeve lug matched with the driving wheel is arranged at the first end part of the driving shaft sleeve, a driving shaft sleeve locking boss is arranged on the outer surface of the second end part, and a driving shaft sleeve notch is formed in the second end part; the driving shaft sleeve and the driven shaft sleeve are in cross fit through a driving shaft sleeve notch; the driving shaft sleeve locking boss is used for fixing the driving wheel assembly on the axle.

Preferably, the active shaft sleeve notch is provided in plurality and arranged along the length direction of the active shaft sleeve.

The driving shaft sleeve convex block is arranged along the circumferential direction of the driving shaft sleeve and is integrally V-shaped.

The gear hub is arranged in the middle of the wheel shaft assembly and can be externally connected with a gear box. When the axle assembly is locked, the geared hub can transmit a drive torque to the axle assembly; when the axle assembly is unlocked, the drive wheel assembly can slide axially relative to the geared hub.

Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a method for performing track gauge conversion on the track gauge-variable bogie by using the track gauge conversion device, which is characterized in that the track gauge conversion device is arranged between two different track gauge lines and is connected with the two different track gauge lines; the track gauge conversion device comprises a pair of first line butt joint tracks, two rows of carrying strips, two rows of limiting strips, two groups of wheel moving tracks, an unlocking track and a pair of second line butt joint tracks; the first line butt joint rail is used for externally connecting a first line, the second line butt joint rail is used for externally connecting a second line, and the track gauges of the first line and the second line are different; the first line butt joint rail and the second line butt joint rail are connected through a group of wheel moving rails respectively and used for guiding wheels to move transversely and changing wheel tracks; a row of bearing strips for bearing the weight of the vehicle and a row of limiting strips for limiting the transverse position of the wheel pair are arranged on the outer sides of the wheel moving rails; the unlocking rail is arranged between the two sets of wheel moving rails and used for guiding the locking device to unlock and lock;

the track gauge changing method comprises the following steps:

s1, unlocking; the wheel set of the variable-gauge bogie drives into the unlocking section of the gauge conversion device through the first line butt rail or the second line butt rail, and the limiting strip limits the transverse position of the wheel set; meanwhile, the bearing strip bears the weight of the vehicle; at the moment, the wheel falls into the groove of the wheel moving rail, the side surface of the wheel rim is limited by the wheel moving rail, and the wheel is separated from contact with the first line butting rail or the second line butting rail; at the moment, bearing of the axle box and unloading of wheels are carried out, track gauge conversion is started, and the unlocking rail drives the locking device to unlock;

s2, moving the wheel; the wheel pair enters a wheel moving section of the track gauge changing device, and a wheel moving rail clamps the wheel to move transversely to complete the change of the track gauge; at the moment, the limiting strip limits the transverse position of the wheel pair, the bearing strip bears the weight of the vehicle, and the unlocking rail enables the locking device to keep an unlocking state;

s3, locking; the wheel pair enters a locking section of the track gauge changing device, the locking device completes locking under the action of restoring force of a spring of the locking device, then the axle box is unloaded, the wheels are unloaded, and track gauge changing is finished.

The track gauge changing device can unlock the middle part of the wheel pair of the track gauge changing bogie and guide the left wheel and the right wheel to simultaneously complete track changing, and is suitable for the track gauge changing bogie which is only provided with 1 set of locking devices in the middle part of the track gauge changing wheel pair and needs the left wheel and the right wheel to simultaneously change tracks.

Therefore, through the matching of the butt joint rail, the bearing strip, the limiting strip, the wheel moving rail and the unlocking rail, the rail distance is changed from unlocking to locking, and therefore the rail distance of the rail vehicle with the changed rail distance can be changed smoothly.

In order to better axially move the wheel after unlocking, each group of the wheel moving rails is composed of two rails with a distance larger than the width of the wheel rim, and a containing gap of the wheel rim is formed between the two rails.

Preferably, the wheel moving rail is divided into a wheel moving rail inclined section in the middle and wheel moving rail horizontal sections at two end parts; the horizontal section of the wheel moving rail is used for keeping the transverse position of the wheel unchanged in the unlocking or locking process; the wheel moving rail inclined section is used for guiding the wheel to move transversely. Therefore, the wheels can be kept unchanged in the transverse (axle axial) position at the horizontal section of the wheel shifting rail, and the transverse (axle axial) position of the wheels is changed only when the wheel shifting rail is inclined, so that the track gauge changing is completed.

In order to ensure that the track gauge is unlocked before the track gauge is changed and locked after the track gauge is changed, the track gauge changing device can be divided into three sections a, b and c, wherein one section of the two sections a and c is a locking section, the other section of the two sections a and c is an unlocking section, and the section b is a wheel shifting section; the horizontal sections of the shifting wheel rails are positioned at the sections a and c; the shifting wheel rail inclined section is positioned at the section b.

In order to better unlock and prepare for track gauge changing, the unlocking track is a track bar with two pointed ends and thick middle, and is divided into an unlocking track width changing section at two ends and an unlocking track constant width section in the middle; the unlocking rail width-changing section is used for guiding the locking device to unlock or lock, and the unlocking rail constant width section is used for ensuring that the locking device keeps an unlocking state in the moving process of the wheel.

In order to ensure that the track gauge is unlocked before the track gauge is changed and locked after the track gauge is changed, the track gauge changing device can be divided into three sections a, b and c, wherein one section of the two sections a and c is a locking section, the other section of the two sections a and c is an unlocking section, and the section b is a wheel moving section; the unlocking track width changing section is positioned at the section a and the section c; the unlocking rail constant width section is positioned at the section b.

Preferably, the bearing strip and the limiting strip are both composed of rolling guide rail blocks which are arranged in a line.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention only sets the locking device (1 set) in the middle of the variable-track-pitch wheel pair, realizes the simultaneous track change of the left wheel and the right wheel, and the wheel pair can be driven by the gear hub.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a variable gauge wheel pair of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an axle housing of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the axle assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the active wheel assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the active wheel of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the active bushing of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the axle of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the driven wheel assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the driven shaft sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the driven wheel of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a gear hub of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the locking device of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the locking unit of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a control block of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the locking block of the present invention; wherein a) is a front view and b) is another side view;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a locating block of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the positioning block to locking unit definition of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a support cylinder of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the rolling ring of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is an unlocking schematic of the locking device of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a locking schematic of the locking device of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a locking schematic of the axle of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the ground gage change assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a carrier/stopper strip of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a functional block diagram of the ground gage change device of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the track-changing wheelset of the present invention entering the ground track-changing unit;

fig. 27 is a schematic view of a conventional ground gauge changing apparatus.

In the figure

A-axle boxes; b, assembling the wheel shaft; a C-gear hub; d-a locking device; g-track gauge changing device; a1-axle box transverse limiting surface; a2-axle box vertical bearing surface; b1-active wheel composition; b2-axle; b3-driven wheel; b11 — active wheels; b12-driving shaft sleeve; b111 — active wheel lugs; b112 — drive wheel splines; b121-driving shaft sleeve convex block; 122-driving sleeve spline; b123-driving shaft sleeve gap; b124-the driving shaft is sleeved with a locking boss; b21-axial extension; b22-axle spline; b23-axle locking boss; b31-driven shaft sleeve; b32-driven wheel; b311-driven shaft sleeve locking boss; b312-driven shaft sleeve gap; b321-driven wheel splines; c1-gear hub spline; c2-gearbox bearing mounting face; c3-gear ring mounting face; c4-gear hub bearing surface; c5-gear hub locking boss; d1-locking unit; d2-locating piece; d3-support cylinder; d4-rolling ring; d11-support bar; d12-spring; d13-control block; d14-pin shaft; d15-locking block; d131-rolling ring mounting part; d132-spring mounting holes; d133-control block ramp; D134-Z-shaped grooves; d135-control block positioning table; d136-control block side positioning surface; d151-pin hole; d152, a positioning surface at the outer side of the locking block; d153-locking block locking notch; d154-end face of the locking block; d155-the inner side positioning surface of the locking block; d156-locking block inclined plane; d21-locating surface on locating block side; d22-arc surface of positioning block; d23-positioning block groove positioning surface; d24-bottom edge positioning surface; d31-supporting cylinder front cover; d32-supporting the cartridge body; d33-supporting cylinder rear cover; d311-front cover mounting holes; d312-front cover support rod hole; d321-an inner hole of the cylinder body; d322-barrel notch; d331-a rear cover support rod hole; d41-rolling ring extrusion surface; d42-rolling ring mounting groove; g1 — first line butt rail; g2-carrier strip; g3-stop bar; g4-transfer wheel rail; g5 — unlocking rail; g6 — second line docking rail; g21-rolling guide block; g41-horizontal segment of shifting wheel track; g42-transfer wheel rail inclined section; g51-unlocking the rail widening section; g52-unlocking the rail constant width section; a/c-unlocking/locking section; b-moving the wheel section.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

A variable-gauge bogie has the capability of running on two gauge lines due to the use of a variable-gauge wheel pair. The track-variable wheel pair comprises two axle boxes, a set of wheel axle assembly, a gear hub and a set of locking devices positioned in the middle of an axle. The locking device is arranged in the middle of the wheel pair. When the bogie passes through the ground track gauge changing device arranged at the joint of the two track gauge lines, the wheels are moved under the action of the ground track gauge changing device, so that the wheel sets adapt to the new track gauge, and the function that the bogie can run on the two different track gauge lines is realized.

Compared with the conventional bogie, the variable-gauge bogie has the main characteristic that the variable-gauge wheel set is arranged, wheels of the variable-gauge wheel set can axially move to two different positions to adapt to two different gauges, and components of the bogie except the wheel set, such as a framework, a suspension system, a traction device and the like, do not need to be changed or only need to be locally adapted.

As shown in fig. 1, the track-variable wheel pair of the present invention comprises two axle boxes a, a set of axle assemblies B, a gear hub C, and a set of locking devices D located in the middle of the axle. The axle box A is installed at the both ends of shaft equipment B, and gear hub C installs the middle part at shaft equipment B, and locking device D then installs one end at gear hub C.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom of the axle box A is provided with an axle box transverse limiting surface A1 and an axle box vertical bearing surface A2. In the rail transfer stage, the axle box transverse limiting surface A1 is in contact with the rolling surface of a limiting strip G3 in the ground rail gauge conversion device G to limit the transverse position of the wheel pair so that the wheel pair is in an ideal rail transfer position; the axle box vertical bearing surface A2 contacts the rolling surface of the bearing strip G2 in the ground track gauge changing device G to bear the weight of the vehicle. At this point, the wheel is out of contact with the rail G1 or G6 in the ground gage changer G and the wheel is unloaded in preparation for its lateral movement or unlocking or locking.

As shown in fig. 3, the axle assembly B is composed of a driving wheel assembly B1, an axle B2, and a driven wheel assembly B3. When the bogie normally operates, the wheel axle assembly is locked by the locking device; when the bogie passes through the ground track gauge changing device, the locking device is unlocked, and the wheels can axially move relative to the axle.

As shown in fig. 4, the active wheel assembly B1 is composed of an active wheel B11 and an active axle sleeve B12.

As shown in fig. 5, the driving wheel B11 has a hole with a driving wheel spline B112 and a ring of driving wheel protrusion B111 on the inner side surface. The drive wheel spline B112 mates with an axle spline B22 on the axle B2. When the locking device D is unlocked, the spline fit can enable the driving wheel B11 to axially slide; when the locking device D is locked, the spline fit in turn enables drive torque to be transmitted between the driving wheel B11 and the axle B2. The driving wheel lug B111 is matched with a driving shaft sleeve lug B121 arranged at the end part of the driving shaft sleeve B12, so that the driving torque can be transmitted between the driving wheel B11 and the driving shaft sleeve B12.

As shown in fig. 6, a circle of driving shaft sleeve boss B121 is arranged at the end of the driving shaft sleeve B12, a driving shaft sleeve spline B122 is arranged on the middle outer diameter, 4 driving shaft sleeve notches B123 are evenly arranged on the other end in the circumferential direction, and two V-shaped driving shaft sleeve locking bosses B124 are arranged on the outer surface. The driving axle sleeve lug B121 is matched with a driving wheel lug B111 arranged on the inner side end face of the driving wheel B11, and can transmit driving torque. The main hub spline B122 mates with a gear hub spline C1 inside the gear hub C to transmit drive torque. The driving bushing notch B123 facilitates the crossing of the driving bushing B12 and the driven bushing B31. The driving shaft sleeve locking boss B124 is used for fixing the driving wheel assembly B1 on the axle B2.

As shown in fig. 7, the two ends of the axle B2 are respectively provided with an axle extension B21 and an axle spline B22, and the middle part is provided with 4V-shaped axle locking bosses B23 which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction. The axle extension B21 is used to mount axle box bearings to support the axle box. The axle spline B22 is for mating with the driving wheel spline B112 and the driven wheel spline B321. When the locking device D is unlocked, the spline fit can enable the driving wheel B11 and the driven wheel B32 to axially slide; the splined engagement, in turn, allows drive torque to be transmitted between the driving and driven wheels B11 and B32 and the axle B2 when the locking device D is locked. The axle locking boss B23 is used for fixing the driving wheel assembly B1 and the driven wheel assembly B3 through a locking device D.

As shown in fig. 8, the driven wheel assembly B3 is composed of a driven sleeve B31 and a driven wheel B32.

As shown in fig. 9, one end of the driven shaft sleeve B31 is uniformly provided with 4 driven shaft sleeve notches B312 along the circumferential direction, and the outer surface is provided with two V-shaped driven shaft sleeve locking bosses B311. The driven hub notch B312 facilitates the intersection of the driven hub B31 with the driving hub B12. The driven shaft sleeve locking boss B311 is used for fixing the driven wheel assembly B3 on the axle B2.

As shown in fig. 10, a driven wheel spline B321 is provided in the hole of the driven wheel B32. The driven wheel spline B321 mates with an axle spline B22 on the axle B2. When the locking device D is unlocked, the spline fit can enable the driven wheel B32 to axially slide; the splined engagement, in turn, allows drive torque to be transmitted between the driven wheel B32 and the axle B2 when the locking device D is locked.

As shown in fig. 11, the inner hole of the gear hub C is provided with a gear hub spline C1, the middle part is provided with a gear ring mounting surface C3, the outer surfaces of two sides of the gear ring mounting surface C3 are respectively provided with a gear box bearing mounting surface C2, and the outer surface of one end is provided with a gear hub supporting surface C4 and a gear hub locking boss C5. The gear hub spline C1 mates with the drive sleeve spline B122 to allow the drive wheel assembly B1 to slide axially relative to the gear hub C, even though the gear hub C can transmit drive torque to the axle assembly B. The ring gear mounting face C3 is used to mount the outer sleeve ring gear to form a complete gear. The gear box bearing mounting surface C2 is used for mounting a rolling bearing to support the gear box body. The gear hub bearing surface C4 mates with the front cover mounting hole D311 for supporting the locking device D. The gear hub locking boss C5 is used to secure the locking block D15.

As shown in fig. 12, the locking device D is composed of 6 locking units D1, 6 positioning blocks D2, a supporting cylinder D3, and two rolling rings D4. The locking unit D1 and the positioning block D2 are evenly distributed in the supporting cylinder D3 in a circumferential shape. The locking unit D1 and the positioning block D2 are spaced apart from each other. The positioning block D2 is fixed in the supporting cylinder D3. The two rolling rings D4 are connected with the locking unit and arranged outside the supporting cylinder D3. The locking device D is used for locking the driving wheel assembly B1 and the driven wheel assembly B3 to the axle B2 or unlocking the driving wheel assembly B1 and the driven wheel assembly B3 from the axle B2.

As shown in fig. 13, the locking unit D1 comprises a supporting rod D11, a spring D12, a control block D13, two pins D14, and a locking block D15. The locking unit D1 is used for converting the axial movement of the control block D13 into the radial movement of the locking block D15, thereby realizing the locking and unlocking of the locking device D. When the bogie normally operates, the locking unit D1 is in a locking state; when the track gauge is changed, the locking unit D1 is in the unlocked state.

The supporting rod D11 is fixedly arranged in the front cover supporting rod hole D312 or the rear cover supporting rod hole D331 on the supporting cylinder D3 and is used for supporting the spring D12.

The spring D12 is a cylindrical spiral compression steel spring, is mounted on the support rod D11 and is located in the spring mounting hole D132 of the control block D13 for providing a restoring force and a locking force for the locking device D.

As shown in fig. 14, the control piece D13 is provided with a roller ring mounting portion D131, a spring mounting hole D132, two control piece inclined surfaces D133, two Z-shaped grooves D134, two control piece positioning tables D135, and two control piece side positioning surfaces D136. The roller ring mounting portion D131 is used to connect to the roller ring D4. The spring mounting hole D132 is used to accommodate a spring D12. The control block inclined surface D133 is engaged with the locking block inclined surface D156 for holding or releasing the locking block D15 in the locked state. The Z-shaped slot D134 limits the path of travel of the pin D14. The lower part of the control block positioning table D135 is an arc surface and is contacted with a cylinder inner hole D321 of a supporting cylinder D32 to radially position a control block D13; the upper part is a plane and is contacted with the bottom edge positioning surface D24 of the positioning block D2, and the control block D13 is limited to slide axially only. The control block side positioning surface D136 contacts the block inside positioning surface D155 of the block D15 for restricting the rotation of the block D15.

The pin D14 is fixedly mounted in the pin hole D151 of the locking block D15 and extends into the Z-shaped slot D134 of the control block D13 to control the relative movement of the locking block D15 and the control block D13.

As shown in a) and b) of fig. 15, the locking block D15 is provided with two pin holes D151, two locking block outer positioning surfaces D152, two locking block locking notches D153, two locking block end surfaces D154, two locking block inner positioning surfaces D155, and two locking block inclined surfaces D156. The pin hole D151 is used for fixedly mounting the pin shaft D14. One locking block locking notch D153 is used for fixing the locking block D15 on the gear hub locking boss C5, and the other locking block locking notch D153 is used for locking the axle locking boss B23, the driving shaft sleeve locking boss B124 and the driven shaft sleeve locking boss B311 into a whole. The locking block outer side positioning surface D152 is in contact with the positioning block side positioning surface D21 of the positioning block D2, the locking block inner side positioning surface D155 is in contact with the control block side positioning surface D136 of the control block D13, the locking block end surface D154 is in contact with the positioning block groove positioning surface D23 of the positioning block D2, and the locking block outer side positioning surface D155, the control block side positioning surface D13, the locking block groove positioning surface D23 and the locking block groove positioning surface D15 are limited in installation position. The locking block ramp D156 cooperates with the control block ramp D133 to hold or release the locking block D15.

As shown in fig. 16, the positioning block D2 is provided with two positioning block side positioning surfaces D21, one positioning block arc surface D22, four positioning block groove positioning surfaces D23, and two bottom side positioning surfaces D24. The positioning block arc surface D22 is fixedly arranged on the cylinder body inner hole D321 of the supporting cylinder D3.

As shown in fig. 17, the limiting principle of the positioning block to the locking unit is: the notch formed by the positioning surface D21 on the positioning block side and the positioning surface D23 on the positioning block groove is used for placing the locking block D15 and limiting the locking block to move only in the radial direction; the bottom positioning surface D24 contacts the upper flat surface of the control block positioning table D135, limiting the axial sliding movement of the control block D13.

As shown in fig. 18, the support cylinder D3 is composed of a support cylinder front cover D31, a support cylinder body D32, and a support cylinder rear cover D33. The three parts are connected to form a hollow cavity for installing the locking unit D1 and the positioning block D2.

The front cover D31 of the supporting cylinder is provided with a front cover mounting hole D311 and three front cover support rod holes D312. The front cover mounting hole D311 is fitted with the gear hub bearing surface C4 for supporting the locking device D on the gear hub C. The front cover support rod hole D312 is used for fixedly mounting the support rod D11.

The supporting cylinder body D32 is provided with a cylinder body inner hole D321 and six cylinder body notches D322. The cylinder inner hole D321 is used for fixing the positioning block D2 and radially positioning the control block D13. Barrel notch D322 is used to provide mounting and axial movement space for the roller ring mounting portion D131 of control block D13.

Three rear cover support rod holes D331 are provided in the support cylinder rear cover D33. The rear cover support rod hole D331 is used to fixedly mount the support rod D11.

As shown in fig. 19, the roller ring D4 is provided with a roller ring pressing surface D41 and three roller ring mounting grooves D42. The rolling ring extrusion surface D41 is subjected to wear-resistant strengthening treatment to adapt to lateral extrusion and friction of the unlocking rail G5, the distance between the rolling ring extrusion surfaces D41 of the two rolling rings D4 automatically adapts to the width of the unlocking rail G5, and therefore the control block D13 is driven to move axially, and locking or unlocking of the locking device D is achieved. The roller mounting groove D42 is used for mounting the roller mounting portion D131 on the control block D13.

As shown in fig. 20, the unlocking process of the locking device D is as follows: the bogie drives into the ground track gauge changing device G, the unlocking rail G5 enters between two rolling rings D4 of the locking device D, the unlocking rail G5 which gradually widens extrudes the two rolling rings D4 towards two sides along with the advancing of the bogie, the rolling rings D4 drive the control blocks D13 which are connected together to move axially outwards, the spring D12 is compressed, meanwhile, the pin shaft D14 moves along the Z-shaped groove D134, due to the limitation of the Z-shaped groove D134, the pin shaft D14 moves radially outwards while moving axially outwards, the locking blocks D15 which are connected together are driven to move radially outwards, so that the locking block locking notches D153 are separated from the locking position, the locking device D is unlocked, and the driving wheel component B1 and the driven wheel component B3 are in an axially movable state.

As shown in fig. 21, the locking process of the locking device D is as follows: when the driving wheel component B1 and the driven wheel component B3 move in place axially, the unlocking rail G5 narrows gradually along with the continuous advance of the bogie, under the action of the restoring force of the spring D12, the two rolling rings D4 are folded towards the middle, the rolling rings D4 drive the control blocks D13 connected together to move axially towards the middle, and simultaneously the pin shaft D14 moves along the Z-shaped groove D134, due to the limitation of the Z-shaped groove D134, the pin shaft D14 moves radially inwards while moving axially towards the middle, the locking blocks D15 connected together are driven to move radially inwards, so that the locking block locking notches D153 enter the locking position, the locking device D locks, and the driving wheel component B1 and the driven wheel component B3 are in the locking state.

As shown in fig. 22, the locking manner of the axle assembly is as follows: when the driving wheel component B1 and the driven wheel component B3 move in place, the axle locking boss B23, the driving shaft sleeve locking boss B124 and the driven shaft sleeve locking boss B311 are overlapped into a complete circle in the circumferential direction (the V-shaped side surfaces of the bosses are overlapped), and are simultaneously covered by the locking notch D153, so that the locking notches cannot move mutually, namely, in a locking state, the driving wheel component B1 and the driven wheel component B3 are axially locked on the axle B2. When the locking block locking notch D153 is removed in the radial direction, the axle locking boss B23, the driving shaft sleeve locking boss B124, and the driven shaft sleeve locking boss B311 are axially unrestrained and can move axially relative to each other, i.e., in an unlocked state.

The track changing action of the track gauge changing bogie is finished by the guidance of the ground track gauge changing device G. The ground track gauge changing device G is arranged between two different track gauge lines. When the variable gauge bogie passes through the ground gauge conversion device G, a specific structure in the ground gauge conversion device G can automatically and sequentially trigger the unlocking, wheel moving and locking actions of the variable gauge wheel set, so that the bogie completes gauge conversion.

As shown in fig. 23, the ground track gauge changing device G is composed of a pair of first line butt rails G1, two rows of carrier bars G2, two rows of stopper bars G3, two sets of wheel moving rails G4, an unlocking rail G5, and a pair of second line butt rails G6. The first line butt joint rail G1 is externally connected with a first line, the second line butt joint rail G6 is externally connected with a second line, and the track gauge of the first line is different from that of the second line. A row of carrying strips G2 are respectively arranged at both sides and used for bearing the weight of the vehicle; and a row of limiting strips G3 are arranged on each side of the wheel pair respectively and used for limiting the transverse position of the wheel pair. And a group of wheel moving rails G4 are respectively arranged on two sides and connected with the first line butt joint rail G1 and the second line butt joint rail G6 for guiding the wheels to move transversely. An unlocking rail G5 is arranged in the middle and used for guiding the locking device D to unlock and lock.

As shown in fig. 23, the transfer rail G4 is composed of two rails spaced apart slightly larger than the width of the wheel rim, and is divided into two horizontal sections G41 at the two ends and a middle inclined section G42 at the middle. The transfer rail horizontal segment G41 is used to keep the lateral position of the wheel constant during unlocking or locking. The transfer rail inclined section G42 is used to guide the lateral movement of the wheel.

As shown in fig. 23, the unlocking rail G5 is a rail having two sharp ends and a thick middle, and is divided into an unlocking rail widening section G51 at the two ends and an unlocking rail constant-width section G52 at the middle. The unlocking rail width-changing section G51 is used for guiding the locking device D to unlock or lock, and the unlocking rail constant width section G52 is used for ensuring that the locking device D keeps an unlocking state in the wheel moving process.

As shown in fig. 24, the carrier bar G2 and the stopper bar G3 are each composed of rolling guide blocks G21 aligned in a row. The rolling guide rail block G21 is a universal independent structural component, has high bearing capacity and good rolling performance, and is convenient for maintaining the stability of the rail changing process of the variable-gauge bogie.

As shown in fig. 25, the ground track gauge changing device G can be divided into three sections a, b, and c according to function, wherein the sections a and c are mutually locking/unlocking sections, and the section b is a wheel moving section. The horizontal segment G41 of the transfer wheel rail and the unlocking rail width-changing segment G51 are positioned at the segments a and c, and the inclined segment G42 of the transfer wheel rail and the constant width segment G52 of the unlocking rail are positioned at the segment b.

As shown in fig. 26, when a change from the first track to the second track is required, the track gauge change process is as follows:

and I, unlocking. The wheelset is driven into the unlocking section a of the ground track gauge changing device G via the first track butt rail G1. The axle box transverse limiting surface A1 at the bottom of the axle box A is in contact with the rolling surface of the limiting strip G3, so that the transverse position of the wheel pair is limited; meanwhile, the axle box vertical bearing surface A2 at the bottom of the axle box A is in contact with the rolling surface of the bearing strip G2, so that the weight of the vehicle is borne; the wheel falls into the groove of the transfer rail G4, the side of the wheel rim is restrained by the transfer rail G4, and the wheel is out of contact with the first line butt rail G1. At this point the axle box is loaded, the wheels are unloaded and the gauge change begins. The unlocking rail widening section G51 gradually widens, and the rolling ring D4 is moved outwards to drive the locking device D to unlock.

II, moving the wheel. The wheel set enters a wheel shifting section b of the ground track gauge changing device G. The inclined segment G42 of the transfer wheel rail clamps the wheel to move transversely, thus completing the change of the track gauge. In the process, the limiting strip G3 limits the transverse position of the wheel pair, the bearing strip G2 bears the weight of the vehicle, and the constant-width section G52 of the unlocking rail enables the locking device D to keep the unlocking state.

And III, locking. The wheel pair enters the locking section c of the ground track gauge changing device G. The unlocking rail widening section G51 becomes narrower gradually, the rolling ring D4 is loosened and limited gradually, and the locking device D completes locking under the restoring force of the spring D12. Then the axle box transverse limiting surface A1 is separated from the contact with the limiting strip G3, the axle box vertical bearing surface A2 is separated from the contact with the bearing strip G2, and the wheel is separated from the wheel moving rail G4 and is contacted with the second line butt joint rail G6. At this time, the axle box is unloaded, the wheels are loaded, and the track gauge change is finished.

When the wheel set needs to be switched from the second line to the first line, the wheel set drives into the ground track gauge switching device G through the second line butt joint rail G6 and drives out of the first line butt joint rail G1, c is an unlocking section, a is a locking section, and the track gauge switching processes are completely the same. Therefore, the ground track gauge changing device G and the track gauge changing bogie can be reversibly changed in two directions.

Claims

1. A track-variable bogie comprises a framework, an axle assembly (B) arranged on the framework, and two axle boxes (A) respectively arranged at two ends of the axle assembly (B); the wheel axle assembly (B) is characterized in that a gear hub (C) and a locking device (D) are arranged in the middle of the wheel axle assembly (B), and the locking device (D) is positioned in the middle of an axle and connected with one end of the gear hub (C);

the bottom of the axle box (A) is provided with an axle box transverse limiting surface (A1) and an axle box vertical bearing surface (A2), the axle box transverse limiting surface (A1) is used for limiting the transverse position of the wheel pair during rail change, and the axle box vertical bearing surface (A2) is used for bearing the weight of a bogie during rail change;

the axle assembly comprises an axle (B2), a driving wheel assembly (B1) and a driven wheel assembly (B3) which are arranged on the axle (B2);

the active wheel assembly (B1) comprises an active wheel (B11) and an active axle sleeve (B12);

the driven wheel assembly (B3) comprises a driven shaft sleeve (B31) and a driven wheel (B32);

the driving shaft sleeve (B12) is in cross fit with the driven shaft sleeve (B31), and a locking device (D) is arranged at the matching position of the driving shaft sleeve (B12) and the driven shaft sleeve (B31);

the active wheel (B11) and the axle (B2) are matched to have two states: when the lock is unlocked, the driving wheel (B11) can axially slide relative to the axle (B2), and when the lock is locked, the driving wheel (B11) and the axle (B2) can transmit driving torque;

the driven wheel (B32) has two states in cooperation with an axle (B2): when unlocked, the driven wheel (B32) can slide axially relative to the axle (B2), and when locked, the driven wheel (B32) and the axle (B2) can transmit driving torque.

2. The track-changing bogie according to claim 1, wherein the axle (B2) is provided with an axle extension (B21) and an axle spline (B22) at both ends, and an axle locking boss (B23) is provided in the middle of the axle (B2);

the shaft extension (B21) is used for installing a shaft box bearing to support the shaft box; the axle splines (B22) being engaged with the driving wheel (B11) and the driven wheel (B32), respectively; the axle locking boss (B23) is used for fixing the driving wheel assembly (B1) and the driven wheel assembly (B3) through the locking device (D).

3. The bogie according to claim 2, wherein the master wheel (B11) has a master wheel spline (B112) disposed in a bore thereof, and the master wheel (B11) has a ring of master wheel lugs (B111) disposed on an inner end surface thereof; the drive wheel spline (B112) mating with an axle spline (B22) on an axle (B2); the driving wheel lug (B111) is matched with a driving shaft sleeve lug (B121) arranged at the end part of the driving shaft sleeve (B12);

and a driven wheel spline (B321) is arranged in a hole of the driven wheel (B32), and the driven wheel spline (B321) is matched with an axle spline (B22) on an axle (B2).

4. The track-variable bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the driving sleeve (B12) has a driving sleeve projection (B121) at a first end portion thereof for engaging with the driving wheel (B11), a driving sleeve locking boss (B124) at an outer surface of a second end portion thereof, and a driving sleeve notch (B123) at the second end portion thereof; the driving shaft sleeve (B12) and the driven shaft sleeve (B31) are in cross fit through a driving shaft sleeve notch (B123); the driving shaft sleeve locking boss (B124) is used for fixing the driving wheel assembly (B1) on an axle (B2);

and a driving shaft sleeve spline (B122) is arranged on the outer diameter of the middle part of the driving shaft sleeve (B12), and the driving shaft sleeve spline (B122) is used for being matched with a gear hub spline (C1) arranged inside a gear hub (C) on the driving shaft sleeve (B12).

5. The track-changing bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the driven bushing (B31) is fitted with a driven wheel (B32) at a first end portion, provided with a driven bushing locking boss (B311) at an outer surface of a second end portion, and provided with a driven bushing notch (B312) at the second end portion; the driven shaft sleeve (B31) and the driving shaft sleeve (B12) are in cross fit through a driven shaft sleeve notch (B312); the driven shaft sleeve locking boss (B311) is used for fixing the driven wheel assembly (B3) on an axle (B2).

6. A bogie according to any of claims 1-3 in which the geared hub comprises a geared hub body having an internal bore for mounting on a driving axle sleeve (B12) of a driving wheel assembly (B1); the inner hole of the gear hub (C) is provided with a gear hub spline (C1), the middle part of the gear hub (C) is provided with a gear ring mounting surface (C3), the outer surfaces of two sides of the gear ring mounting surface (C3) are respectively provided with a gear box bearing mounting surface (C2), and the outer surface of one end of the gear hub (C) is provided with a gear hub supporting surface (C4) and a gear hub locking boss (C5);

the gear hub spline (C1) is used for being matched with the driving shaft sleeve (B12) to transmit driving torque when the locking device (D) is locked, and the driving wheel assembly (B1) can axially slide relative to the gear hub (C) when the locking device (D) is unlocked;

the gear ring mounting surface (C3) is used for mounting an outer sleeve gear ring to form a complete gear;

the gear box bearing mounting surface (C2) is used for mounting a rolling bearing to support the gear box body;

the gear hub bearing surface (C4) is used for bearing the locking device (D), and the gear hub locking boss (C5) is used for fixing a locking block (D15) of the locking device (D).

7. Track-changing bogie according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said locking device (D) is used to lock the driving wheel set (B1) and the driven wheel set (B3) to the axle (B2) or to unlock the driving wheel set (B1) and the driven wheel set (B3) from the axle (B2); the locking device comprises a supporting cylinder (D3) sleeved outside an axle (B2), a plurality of locking units (D1) and a plurality of positioning blocks (D2) circumferentially arranged in the supporting cylinder (D3), and a rolling ring (D4) arranged outside the supporting cylinder (D3);

the locking unit (D1) and the positioning block (D2) are separated from each other, and the rolling ring (D4) is connected with the locking unit;

the locking unit (D1) is in a locked state when the bogie normally operates and in an unlocked state when the bogie changes track gauge.

8. The bogie according to claim 7, wherein said locking unit (D1) comprises a control block (D13), a locking block (D15) mounted on the control block (D13), a support rod (D11) and a spring (D12) mounted in the control block (D13), and a pin (D14) mounted on the locking block (D15); the axial movement of the control block (D13) can be converted into the radial movement of the locking block (D15) to realize the locking and unlocking of the locking device (D).

9. The bogie according to claim 8, wherein the locating block (D2) is provided with two locating block side locating surfaces (D21), one locating block circular arc surface (D22), four locating block groove locating surfaces (D23) and two bottom edge locating surfaces (D24);

the arc surface (D22) of the positioning block is fixedly arranged on the cylinder inner hole (D321) of the supporting cylinder (D3);

the supporting cylinder (D3) comprises a supporting cylinder body (D32), a supporting cylinder front cover (D31) arranged at the front end of the supporting cylinder body (D32), and a supporting cylinder rear cover (D33) arranged at the rear end of the supporting cylinder body (D32); the front cover (D31) of the supporting cylinder, the cylinder body (D32) of the supporting cylinder and the rear cover (D33) of the supporting cylinder are connected to form a hollow cavity for installing a locking unit (D1) and a positioning block (D2); the front cover (D31) of the supporting cylinder is provided with a front cover mounting hole (D311), and the front cover mounting hole (D311) is used for matching with a gear hub supporting surface (C4) of the gear hub to support the locking device (D) on the gear hub (C);

the supporting cylinder body (D32) is provided with a cylinder body inner hole (D321) and six cylinder body notches (D322); the cylinder inner hole (D321) is used for fixing the positioning block (D2) and radially positioning the control block (D13); the barrel notch (D322) is used for providing installation and axial movement space for a rolling ring installation part (D131) of the control block (D13);

the rolling ring (D4) is provided with a rolling ring extrusion surface (D41) and three rolling ring installation grooves (D42); the rolling ring mounting groove (D42) is used for mounting a rolling ring mounting part (D131) on the control block (D13).

10. A method of track gauge conversion of a distance bogie according to any of claims 1 to 9 using a gauge conversion device for installation intermediate two different gauge lines and connecting the two different gauge lines;

the track gauge changing device comprises a pair of first line butt joint rails (G1), two rows of carrying bars (G2), two rows of limiting bars (G3), two groups of wheel moving rails (G4), an unlocking rail (G5) and a pair of second line butt joint rails (G6);

the first line butt joint rail (G1) is used for externally connecting a first line, the second line butt joint rail (G6) is used for externally connecting a second line, and the track gauges of the first line and the second line are different;

the first line butt joint rail (G1) and the second line butt joint rail (G6) are connected through a group of shifting wheel rails (G4) respectively and used for guiding wheels to move transversely and changing the track;

the outer sides of the wheel moving rails (G4) are provided with a row of bearing strips (G2) for bearing the weight of a vehicle and a row of limiting strips (G3) for limiting the transverse position of a wheel pair;

the unlocking rail (G5) is arranged between the two sets of wheel moving rails (G4) and used for guiding the locking device (D) to unlock and lock;

the track gauge changing method comprises the following steps:

s1, unlocking; the wheel set of the variable-gauge bogie drives into an unlocking section of the gauge conversion device (G) through a first line butt rail (G1) or a second line butt rail (G6), and the limiting strip (G3) limits the transverse position of the wheel set; at the same time, the load bearing strip (G2) bears the weight of the vehicle; at the moment, the wheel falls into a groove of a wheel moving rail (G4), the side surface of the wheel rim is limited by the wheel moving rail (G4), and the wheel is separated from contact with the first line butt rail (G1) or the second line butt rail (G6); at the moment, the axle box (A) bears the weight of, the wheels unload, the gauge change begins, the unlocking rail drives the locking device (D) to unlock;

s2, moving the wheel; the wheel pair enters a wheel moving section of a track gauge changing device (G), and a wheel moving rail clamps the wheel to move transversely to complete the change of the track gauge; at the moment, the limiting strip (G3) limits the transverse position of the wheel pair, the carrying strip (G2) bears the weight of the vehicle, and the unlocking rail enables the locking device (D) to keep an unlocking state;

s3, locking; the wheel pair enters a locking section of a track gauge changing device (G), the locking device (D) completes locking under the action of restoring force of a spring (D12), then an axle box (A) is unloaded, wheels are unloaded, and track gauge changing is finished.